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// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/ERC20.sol";

contract MintableERC20 is ERC20 {
    uint8 immutable private _decimals;

    address public minter;
    address public vault;
    uint256 public mintQuota;

    constructor(address minter_, address vault_, string memory name, string memory symbol, uint8 decimals_) ERC20(name, symbol) {
        minter = minter_;
        vault = vault_;
        _decimals = decimals_;
    }

    function decimals() public view override returns (uint8) {
        return _decimals;
    }

    modifier onlyMinter() {
        require(msg.sender == minter, "Require minter");
        _;
    }

    modifier onlyVault() {
        require(msg.sender == vault, "Require vault");
        _;
    }

    event MinterTransferred(address indexed prevMinter, address indexed newMinter);

    function transferMinter(address newMinter) external onlyMinter {
        address prevMinter = minter;
        minter = newMinter;
        emit MinterTransferred(prevMinter, newMinter);
    }

    event VaultTransferred(address indexed prevVault, address indexed newVault);

    function transferVault(address newVault) external onlyVault {
        address prevVault = vault;
        vault = newVault;
        emit VaultTransferred(prevVault, newVault);
    }


    function updateMintQuota(uint256 delta) external onlyVault {
        mintQuota += delta;
    }

    function mint(address account, uint256 amount) external onlyMinter {
        if (account != vault) {
            mintQuota -= amount;
        }
        _mint(account, amount);
    }

    function burn(address account, uint256 amount) external onlyMinter {
        _burn(account, amount);
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (proxy/utils/Initializable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev This is a base contract to aid in writing upgradeable contracts, or any kind of contract that will be deployed
 * behind a proxy. Since proxied contracts do not make use of a constructor, it's common to move constructor logic to an
 * external initializer function, usually called `initialize`. It then becomes necessary to protect this initializer
 * function so it can only be called once. The {initializer} modifier provided by this contract will have this effect.
 *
 * The initialization functions use a version number. Once a version number is used, it is consumed and cannot be
 * reused. This mechanism prevents re-execution of each "step" but allows the creation of new initialization steps in
 * case an upgrade adds a module that needs to be initialized.
 *
 * For example:
 *
 * [.hljs-theme-light.nopadding]
 * ```solidity
 * contract MyToken is ERC20Upgradeable {
 *     function initialize() initializer public {
 *         __ERC20_init("MyToken", "MTK");
 *     }
 * }
 *
 * contract MyTokenV2 is MyToken, ERC20PermitUpgradeable {
 *     function initializeV2() reinitializer(2) public {
 *         __ERC20Permit_init("MyToken");
 *     }
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * TIP: To avoid leaving the proxy in an uninitialized state, the initializer function should be called as early as
 * possible by providing the encoded function call as the `_data` argument to {ERC1967Proxy-constructor}.
 *
 * CAUTION: When used with inheritance, manual care must be taken to not invoke a parent initializer twice, or to ensure
 * that all initializers are idempotent. This is not verified automatically as constructors are by Solidity.
 *
 * [CAUTION]
 * ====
 * Avoid leaving a contract uninitialized.
 *
 * An uninitialized contract can be taken over by an attacker. This applies to both a proxy and its implementation
 * contract, which may impact the proxy. To prevent the implementation contract from being used, you should invoke
 * the {_disableInitializers} function in the constructor to automatically lock it when it is deployed:
 *
 * [.hljs-theme-light.nopadding]
 * ```
 * /// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow constructor
 * constructor() {
 *     _disableInitializers();
 * }
 * ```
 * ====
 */
abstract contract Initializable {
    /**
     * @dev Storage of the initializable contract.
     *
     * It's implemented on a custom ERC-7201 namespace to reduce the risk of storage collisions
     * when using with upgradeable contracts.
     *
     * @custom:storage-location erc7201:openzeppelin.storage.Initializable
     */
    struct InitializableStorage {
        /**
         * @dev Indicates that the contract has been initialized.
         */
        uint64 _initialized;
        /**
         * @dev Indicates that the contract is in the process of being initialized.
         */
        bool _initializing;
    }

    // keccak256(abi.encode(uint256(keccak256("openzeppelin.storage.Initializable")) - 1)) & ~bytes32(uint256(0xff))
    bytes32 private constant INITIALIZABLE_STORAGE = 0xf0c57e16840df040f15088dc2f81fe391c3923bec73e23a9662efc9c229c6a00;

    /**
     * @dev The contract is already initialized.
     */
    error InvalidInitialization();

    /**
     * @dev The contract is not initializing.
     */
    error NotInitializing();

    /**
     * @dev Triggered when the contract has been initialized or reinitialized.
     */
    event Initialized(uint64 version);

    /**
     * @dev A modifier that defines a protected initializer function that can be invoked at most once. In its scope,
     * `onlyInitializing` functions can be used to initialize parent contracts.
     *
     * Similar to `reinitializer(1)`, except that in the context of a constructor an `initializer` may be invoked any
     * number of times. This behavior in the constructor can be useful during testing and is not expected to be used in
     * production.
     *
     * Emits an {Initialized} event.
     */
    modifier initializer() {
        // solhint-disable-next-line var-name-mixedcase
        InitializableStorage storage $ = _getInitializableStorage();

        // Cache values to avoid duplicated sloads
        bool isTopLevelCall = !$._initializing;
        uint64 initialized = $._initialized;

        // Allowed calls:
        // - initialSetup: the contract is not in the initializing state and no previous version was
        //                 initialized
        // - construction: the contract is initialized at version 1 (no reininitialization) and the
        //                 current contract is just being deployed
        bool initialSetup = initialized == 0 && isTopLevelCall;
        bool construction = initialized == 1 && address(this).code.length == 0;

        if (!initialSetup && !construction) {
            revert InvalidInitialization();
        }
        $._initialized = 1;
        if (isTopLevelCall) {
            $._initializing = true;
        }
        _;
        if (isTopLevelCall) {
            $._initializing = false;
            emit Initialized(1);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev A modifier that defines a protected reinitializer function that can be invoked at most once, and only if the
     * contract hasn't been initialized to a greater version before. In its scope, `onlyInitializing` functions can be
     * used to initialize parent contracts.
     *
     * A reinitializer may be used after the original initialization step. This is essential to configure modules that
     * are added through upgrades and that require initialization.
     *
     * When `version` is 1, this modifier is similar to `initializer`, except that functions marked with `reinitializer`
     * cannot be nested. If one is invoked in the context of another, execution will revert.
     *
     * Note that versions can jump in increments greater than 1; this implies that if multiple reinitializers coexist in
     * a contract, executing them in the right order is up to the developer or operator.
     *
     * WARNING: Setting the version to 2**64 - 1 will prevent any future reinitialization.
     *
     * Emits an {Initialized} event.
     */
    modifier reinitializer(uint64 version) {
        // solhint-disable-next-line var-name-mixedcase
        InitializableStorage storage $ = _getInitializableStorage();

        if ($._initializing || $._initialized >= version) {
            revert InvalidInitialization();
        }
        $._initialized = version;
        $._initializing = true;
        _;
        $._initializing = false;
        emit Initialized(version);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Modifier to protect an initialization function so that it can only be invoked by functions with the
     * {initializer} and {reinitializer} modifiers, directly or indirectly.
     */
    modifier onlyInitializing() {
        _checkInitializing();
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Reverts if the contract is not in an initializing state. See {onlyInitializing}.
     */
    function _checkInitializing() internal view virtual {
        if (!_isInitializing()) {
            revert NotInitializing();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Locks the contract, preventing any future reinitialization. This cannot be part of an initializer call.
     * Calling this in the constructor of a contract will prevent that contract from being initialized or reinitialized
     * to any version. It is recommended to use this to lock implementation contracts that are designed to be called
     * through proxies.
     *
     * Emits an {Initialized} event the first time it is successfully executed.
     */
    function _disableInitializers() internal virtual {
        // solhint-disable-next-line var-name-mixedcase
        InitializableStorage storage $ = _getInitializableStorage();

        if ($._initializing) {
            revert InvalidInitialization();
        }
        if ($._initialized != type(uint64).max) {
            $._initialized = type(uint64).max;
            emit Initialized(type(uint64).max);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the highest version that has been initialized. See {reinitializer}.
     */
    function _getInitializedVersion() internal view returns (uint64) {
        return _getInitializableStorage()._initialized;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns `true` if the contract is currently initializing. See {onlyInitializing}.
     */
    function _isInitializing() internal view returns (bool) {
        return _getInitializableStorage()._initializing;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns a pointer to the storage namespace.
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line var-name-mixedcase
    function _getInitializableStorage() private pure returns (InitializableStorage storage $) {
        assembly {
            $.slot := INITIALIZABLE_STORAGE
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (proxy/utils/UUPSUpgradeable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC1822Proxiable} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/interfaces/draft-IERC1822.sol";
import {ERC1967Utils} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/proxy/ERC1967/ERC1967Utils.sol";
import {Initializable} from "./Initializable.sol";

/**
 * @dev An upgradeability mechanism designed for UUPS proxies. The functions included here can perform an upgrade of an
 * {ERC1967Proxy}, when this contract is set as the implementation behind such a proxy.
 *
 * A security mechanism ensures that an upgrade does not turn off upgradeability accidentally, although this risk is
 * reinstated if the upgrade retains upgradeability but removes the security mechanism, e.g. by replacing
 * `UUPSUpgradeable` with a custom implementation of upgrades.
 *
 * The {_authorizeUpgrade} function must be overridden to include access restriction to the upgrade mechanism.
 */
abstract contract UUPSUpgradeable is Initializable, IERC1822Proxiable {
    /// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow state-variable-immutable
    address private immutable __self = address(this);

    /**
     * @dev The version of the upgrade interface of the contract. If this getter is missing, both `upgradeTo(address)`
     * and `upgradeToAndCall(address,bytes)` are present, and `upgradeTo` must be used if no function should be called,
     * while `upgradeToAndCall` will invoke the `receive` function if the second argument is the empty byte string.
     * If the getter returns `"5.0.0"`, only `upgradeToAndCall(address,bytes)` is present, and the second argument must
     * be the empty byte string if no function should be called, making it impossible to invoke the `receive` function
     * during an upgrade.
     */
    string public constant UPGRADE_INTERFACE_VERSION = "5.0.0";

    /**
     * @dev The call is from an unauthorized context.
     */
    error UUPSUnauthorizedCallContext();

    /**
     * @dev The storage `slot` is unsupported as a UUID.
     */
    error UUPSUnsupportedProxiableUUID(bytes32 slot);

    /**
     * @dev Check that the execution is being performed through a delegatecall call and that the execution context is
     * a proxy contract with an implementation (as defined in ERC1967) pointing to self. This should only be the case
     * for UUPS and transparent proxies that are using the current contract as their implementation. Execution of a
     * function through ERC1167 minimal proxies (clones) would not normally pass this test, but is not guaranteed to
     * fail.
     */
    modifier onlyProxy() {
        _checkProxy();
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Check that the execution is not being performed through a delegate call. This allows a function to be
     * callable on the implementing contract but not through proxies.
     */
    modifier notDelegated() {
        _checkNotDelegated();
        _;
    }

    function __UUPSUpgradeable_init() internal onlyInitializing {
    }

    function __UUPSUpgradeable_init_unchained() internal onlyInitializing {
    }
    /**
     * @dev Implementation of the ERC1822 {proxiableUUID} function. This returns the storage slot used by the
     * implementation. It is used to validate the implementation's compatibility when performing an upgrade.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: A proxy pointing at a proxiable contract should not be considered proxiable itself, because this risks
     * bricking a proxy that upgrades to it, by delegating to itself until out of gas. Thus it is critical that this
     * function revert if invoked through a proxy. This is guaranteed by the `notDelegated` modifier.
     */
    function proxiableUUID() external view virtual notDelegated returns (bytes32) {
        return ERC1967Utils.IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Upgrade the implementation of the proxy to `newImplementation`, and subsequently execute the function call
     * encoded in `data`.
     *
     * Calls {_authorizeUpgrade}.
     *
     * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
     *
     * @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow-reachable delegatecall
     */
    function upgradeToAndCall(address newImplementation, bytes memory data) public payable virtual onlyProxy {
        _authorizeUpgrade(newImplementation);
        _upgradeToAndCallUUPS(newImplementation, data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Reverts if the execution is not performed via delegatecall or the execution
     * context is not of a proxy with an ERC1967-compliant implementation pointing to self.
     * See {_onlyProxy}.
     */
    function _checkProxy() internal view virtual {
        if (
            address(this) == __self || // Must be called through delegatecall
            ERC1967Utils.getImplementation() != __self // Must be called through an active proxy
        ) {
            revert UUPSUnauthorizedCallContext();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Reverts if the execution is performed via delegatecall.
     * See {notDelegated}.
     */
    function _checkNotDelegated() internal view virtual {
        if (address(this) != __self) {
            // Must not be called through delegatecall
            revert UUPSUnauthorizedCallContext();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Function that should revert when `msg.sender` is not authorized to upgrade the contract. Called by
     * {upgradeToAndCall}.
     *
     * Normally, this function will use an xref:access.adoc[access control] modifier such as {Ownable-onlyOwner}.
     *
     * ```solidity
     * function _authorizeUpgrade(address) internal onlyOwner {}
     * ```
     */
    function _authorizeUpgrade(address newImplementation) internal virtual;

    /**
     * @dev Performs an implementation upgrade with a security check for UUPS proxies, and additional setup call.
     *
     * As a security check, {proxiableUUID} is invoked in the new implementation, and the return value
     * is expected to be the implementation slot in ERC1967.
     *
     * Emits an {IERC1967-Upgraded} event.
     */
    function _upgradeToAndCallUUPS(address newImplementation, bytes memory data) private {
        try IERC1822Proxiable(newImplementation).proxiableUUID() returns (bytes32 slot) {
            if (slot != ERC1967Utils.IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT) {
                revert UUPSUnsupportedProxiableUUID(slot);
            }
            ERC1967Utils.upgradeToAndCall(newImplementation, data);
        } catch {
            // The implementation is not UUPS
            revert ERC1967Utils.ERC1967InvalidImplementation(newImplementation);
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (interfaces/draft-IERC1822.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev ERC1822: Universal Upgradeable Proxy Standard (UUPS) documents a method for upgradeability through a simplified
 * proxy whose upgrades are fully controlled by the current implementation.
 */
interface IERC1822Proxiable {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the storage slot that the proxiable contract assumes is being used to store the implementation
     * address.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: A proxy pointing at a proxiable contract should not be considered proxiable itself, because this risks
     * bricking a proxy that upgrades to it, by delegating to itself until out of gas. Thus it is critical that this
     * function revert if invoked through a proxy.
     */
    function proxiableUUID() external view returns (bytes32);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (interfaces/draft-IERC6093.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Standard ERC20 Errors
 * Interface of the https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-6093[ERC-6093] custom errors for ERC20 tokens.
 */
interface IERC20Errors {
    /**
     * @dev Indicates an error related to the current `balance` of a `sender`. Used in transfers.
     * @param sender Address whose tokens are being transferred.
     * @param balance Current balance for the interacting account.
     * @param needed Minimum amount required to perform a transfer.
     */
    error ERC20InsufficientBalance(address sender, uint256 balance, uint256 needed);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the token `sender`. Used in transfers.
     * @param sender Address whose tokens are being transferred.
     */
    error ERC20InvalidSender(address sender);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the token `receiver`. Used in transfers.
     * @param receiver Address to which tokens are being transferred.
     */
    error ERC20InvalidReceiver(address receiver);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `spender`’s `allowance`. Used in transfers.
     * @param spender Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.
     * @param allowance Amount of tokens a `spender` is allowed to operate with.
     * @param needed Minimum amount required to perform a transfer.
     */
    error ERC20InsufficientAllowance(address spender, uint256 allowance, uint256 needed);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `approver` of a token to be approved. Used in approvals.
     * @param approver Address initiating an approval operation.
     */
    error ERC20InvalidApprover(address approver);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `spender` to be approved. Used in approvals.
     * @param spender Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.
     */
    error ERC20InvalidSpender(address spender);
}

/**
 * @dev Standard ERC721 Errors
 * Interface of the https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-6093[ERC-6093] custom errors for ERC721 tokens.
 */
interface IERC721Errors {
    /**
     * @dev Indicates that an address can't be an owner. For example, `address(0)` is a forbidden owner in EIP-20.
     * Used in balance queries.
     * @param owner Address of the current owner of a token.
     */
    error ERC721InvalidOwner(address owner);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a `tokenId` whose `owner` is the zero address.
     * @param tokenId Identifier number of a token.
     */
    error ERC721NonexistentToken(uint256 tokenId);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates an error related to the ownership over a particular token. Used in transfers.
     * @param sender Address whose tokens are being transferred.
     * @param tokenId Identifier number of a token.
     * @param owner Address of the current owner of a token.
     */
    error ERC721IncorrectOwner(address sender, uint256 tokenId, address owner);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the token `sender`. Used in transfers.
     * @param sender Address whose tokens are being transferred.
     */
    error ERC721InvalidSender(address sender);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the token `receiver`. Used in transfers.
     * @param receiver Address to which tokens are being transferred.
     */
    error ERC721InvalidReceiver(address receiver);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `operator`’s approval. Used in transfers.
     * @param operator Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.
     * @param tokenId Identifier number of a token.
     */
    error ERC721InsufficientApproval(address operator, uint256 tokenId);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `approver` of a token to be approved. Used in approvals.
     * @param approver Address initiating an approval operation.
     */
    error ERC721InvalidApprover(address approver);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `operator` to be approved. Used in approvals.
     * @param operator Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.
     */
    error ERC721InvalidOperator(address operator);
}

/**
 * @dev Standard ERC1155 Errors
 * Interface of the https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-6093[ERC-6093] custom errors for ERC1155 tokens.
 */
interface IERC1155Errors {
    /**
     * @dev Indicates an error related to the current `balance` of a `sender`. Used in transfers.
     * @param sender Address whose tokens are being transferred.
     * @param balance Current balance for the interacting account.
     * @param needed Minimum amount required to perform a transfer.
     * @param tokenId Identifier number of a token.
     */
    error ERC1155InsufficientBalance(address sender, uint256 balance, uint256 needed, uint256 tokenId);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the token `sender`. Used in transfers.
     * @param sender Address whose tokens are being transferred.
     */
    error ERC1155InvalidSender(address sender);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the token `receiver`. Used in transfers.
     * @param receiver Address to which tokens are being transferred.
     */
    error ERC1155InvalidReceiver(address receiver);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `operator`’s approval. Used in transfers.
     * @param operator Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.
     * @param owner Address of the current owner of a token.
     */
    error ERC1155MissingApprovalForAll(address operator, address owner);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `approver` of a token to be approved. Used in approvals.
     * @param approver Address initiating an approval operation.
     */
    error ERC1155InvalidApprover(address approver);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `operator` to be approved. Used in approvals.
     * @param operator Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.
     */
    error ERC1155InvalidOperator(address operator);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates an array length mismatch between ids and values in a safeBatchTransferFrom operation.
     * Used in batch transfers.
     * @param idsLength Length of the array of token identifiers
     * @param valuesLength Length of the array of token amounts
     */
    error ERC1155InvalidArrayLength(uint256 idsLength, uint256 valuesLength);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (proxy/beacon/IBeacon.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev This is the interface that {BeaconProxy} expects of its beacon.
 */
interface IBeacon {
    /**
     * @dev Must return an address that can be used as a delegate call target.
     *
     * {UpgradeableBeacon} will check that this address is a contract.
     */
    function implementation() external view returns (address);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (proxy/ERC1967/ERC1967Proxy.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Proxy} from "../Proxy.sol";
import {ERC1967Utils} from "./ERC1967Utils.sol";

/**
 * @dev This contract implements an upgradeable proxy. It is upgradeable because calls are delegated to an
 * implementation address that can be changed. This address is stored in storage in the location specified by
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1967[EIP1967], so that it doesn't conflict with the storage layout of the
 * implementation behind the proxy.
 */
contract ERC1967Proxy is Proxy {
    /**
     * @dev Initializes the upgradeable proxy with an initial implementation specified by `implementation`.
     *
     * If `_data` is nonempty, it's used as data in a delegate call to `implementation`. This will typically be an
     * encoded function call, and allows initializing the storage of the proxy like a Solidity constructor.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - If `data` is empty, `msg.value` must be zero.
     */
    constructor(address implementation, bytes memory _data) payable {
        ERC1967Utils.upgradeToAndCall(implementation, _data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current implementation address.
     *
     * TIP: To get this value clients can read directly from the storage slot shown below (specified by EIP1967) using
     * the https://eth.wiki/json-rpc/API#eth_getstorageat[`eth_getStorageAt`] RPC call.
     * `0x360894a13ba1a3210667c828492db98dca3e2076cc3735a920a3ca505d382bbc`
     */
    function _implementation() internal view virtual override returns (address) {
        return ERC1967Utils.getImplementation();
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (proxy/ERC1967/ERC1967Utils.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IBeacon} from "../beacon/IBeacon.sol";
import {Address} from "../../utils/Address.sol";
import {StorageSlot} from "../../utils/StorageSlot.sol";

/**
 * @dev This abstract contract provides getters and event emitting update functions for
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1967[EIP1967] slots.
 */
library ERC1967Utils {
    // We re-declare ERC-1967 events here because they can't be used directly from IERC1967.
    // This will be fixed in Solidity 0.8.21. At that point we should remove these events.
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the implementation is upgraded.
     */
    event Upgraded(address indexed implementation);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the admin account has changed.
     */
    event AdminChanged(address previousAdmin, address newAdmin);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the beacon is changed.
     */
    event BeaconUpgraded(address indexed beacon);

    /**
     * @dev Storage slot with the address of the current implementation.
     * This is the keccak-256 hash of "eip1967.proxy.implementation" subtracted by 1.
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line private-vars-leading-underscore
    bytes32 internal constant IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT = 0x360894a13ba1a3210667c828492db98dca3e2076cc3735a920a3ca505d382bbc;

    /**
     * @dev The `implementation` of the proxy is invalid.
     */
    error ERC1967InvalidImplementation(address implementation);

    /**
     * @dev The `admin` of the proxy is invalid.
     */
    error ERC1967InvalidAdmin(address admin);

    /**
     * @dev The `beacon` of the proxy is invalid.
     */
    error ERC1967InvalidBeacon(address beacon);

    /**
     * @dev An upgrade function sees `msg.value > 0` that may be lost.
     */
    error ERC1967NonPayable();

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current implementation address.
     */
    function getImplementation() internal view returns (address) {
        return StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Stores a new address in the EIP1967 implementation slot.
     */
    function _setImplementation(address newImplementation) private {
        if (newImplementation.code.length == 0) {
            revert ERC1967InvalidImplementation(newImplementation);
        }
        StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value = newImplementation;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Performs implementation upgrade with additional setup call if data is nonempty.
     * This function is payable only if the setup call is performed, otherwise `msg.value` is rejected
     * to avoid stuck value in the contract.
     *
     * Emits an {IERC1967-Upgraded} event.
     */
    function upgradeToAndCall(address newImplementation, bytes memory data) internal {
        _setImplementation(newImplementation);
        emit Upgraded(newImplementation);

        if (data.length > 0) {
            Address.functionDelegateCall(newImplementation, data);
        } else {
            _checkNonPayable();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Storage slot with the admin of the contract.
     * This is the keccak-256 hash of "eip1967.proxy.admin" subtracted by 1.
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line private-vars-leading-underscore
    bytes32 internal constant ADMIN_SLOT = 0xb53127684a568b3173ae13b9f8a6016e243e63b6e8ee1178d6a717850b5d6103;

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current admin.
     *
     * TIP: To get this value clients can read directly from the storage slot shown below (specified by EIP1967) using
     * the https://eth.wiki/json-rpc/API#eth_getstorageat[`eth_getStorageAt`] RPC call.
     * `0xb53127684a568b3173ae13b9f8a6016e243e63b6e8ee1178d6a717850b5d6103`
     */
    function getAdmin() internal view returns (address) {
        return StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(ADMIN_SLOT).value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Stores a new address in the EIP1967 admin slot.
     */
    function _setAdmin(address newAdmin) private {
        if (newAdmin == address(0)) {
            revert ERC1967InvalidAdmin(address(0));
        }
        StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(ADMIN_SLOT).value = newAdmin;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Changes the admin of the proxy.
     *
     * Emits an {IERC1967-AdminChanged} event.
     */
    function changeAdmin(address newAdmin) internal {
        emit AdminChanged(getAdmin(), newAdmin);
        _setAdmin(newAdmin);
    }

    /**
     * @dev The storage slot of the UpgradeableBeacon contract which defines the implementation for this proxy.
     * This is the keccak-256 hash of "eip1967.proxy.beacon" subtracted by 1.
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line private-vars-leading-underscore
    bytes32 internal constant BEACON_SLOT = 0xa3f0ad74e5423aebfd80d3ef4346578335a9a72aeaee59ff6cb3582b35133d50;

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current beacon.
     */
    function getBeacon() internal view returns (address) {
        return StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(BEACON_SLOT).value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Stores a new beacon in the EIP1967 beacon slot.
     */
    function _setBeacon(address newBeacon) private {
        if (newBeacon.code.length == 0) {
            revert ERC1967InvalidBeacon(newBeacon);
        }

        StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(BEACON_SLOT).value = newBeacon;

        address beaconImplementation = IBeacon(newBeacon).implementation();
        if (beaconImplementation.code.length == 0) {
            revert ERC1967InvalidImplementation(beaconImplementation);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Change the beacon and trigger a setup call if data is nonempty.
     * This function is payable only if the setup call is performed, otherwise `msg.value` is rejected
     * to avoid stuck value in the contract.
     *
     * Emits an {IERC1967-BeaconUpgraded} event.
     *
     * CAUTION: Invoking this function has no effect on an instance of {BeaconProxy} since v5, since
     * it uses an immutable beacon without looking at the value of the ERC-1967 beacon slot for
     * efficiency.
     */
    function upgradeBeaconToAndCall(address newBeacon, bytes memory data) internal {
        _setBeacon(newBeacon);
        emit BeaconUpgraded(newBeacon);

        if (data.length > 0) {
            Address.functionDelegateCall(IBeacon(newBeacon).implementation(), data);
        } else {
            _checkNonPayable();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Reverts if `msg.value` is not zero. It can be used to avoid `msg.value` stuck in the contract
     * if an upgrade doesn't perform an initialization call.
     */
    function _checkNonPayable() private {
        if (msg.value > 0) {
            revert ERC1967NonPayable();
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (proxy/Proxy.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev This abstract contract provides a fallback function that delegates all calls to another contract using the EVM
 * instruction `delegatecall`. We refer to the second contract as the _implementation_ behind the proxy, and it has to
 * be specified by overriding the virtual {_implementation} function.
 *
 * Additionally, delegation to the implementation can be triggered manually through the {_fallback} function, or to a
 * different contract through the {_delegate} function.
 *
 * The success and return data of the delegated call will be returned back to the caller of the proxy.
 */
abstract contract Proxy {
    /**
     * @dev Delegates the current call to `implementation`.
     *
     * This function does not return to its internal call site, it will return directly to the external caller.
     */
    function _delegate(address implementation) internal virtual {
        assembly {
            // Copy msg.data. We take full control of memory in this inline assembly
            // block because it will not return to Solidity code. We overwrite the
            // Solidity scratch pad at memory position 0.
            calldatacopy(0, 0, calldatasize())

            // Call the implementation.
            // out and outsize are 0 because we don't know the size yet.
            let result := delegatecall(gas(), implementation, 0, calldatasize(), 0, 0)

            // Copy the returned data.
            returndatacopy(0, 0, returndatasize())

            switch result
            // delegatecall returns 0 on error.
            case 0 {
                revert(0, returndatasize())
            }
            default {
                return(0, returndatasize())
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev This is a virtual function that should be overridden so it returns the address to which the fallback
     * function and {_fallback} should delegate.
     */
    function _implementation() internal view virtual returns (address);

    /**
     * @dev Delegates the current call to the address returned by `_implementation()`.
     *
     * This function does not return to its internal call site, it will return directly to the external caller.
     */
    function _fallback() internal virtual {
        _delegate(_implementation());
    }

    /**
     * @dev Fallback function that delegates calls to the address returned by `_implementation()`. Will run if no other
     * function in the contract matches the call data.
     */
    fallback() external payable virtual {
        _fallback();
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (token/ERC20/ERC20.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC20} from "./IERC20.sol";
import {IERC20Metadata} from "./extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol";
import {Context} from "../../utils/Context.sol";
import {IERC20Errors} from "../../interfaces/draft-IERC6093.sol";

/**
 * @dev Implementation of the {IERC20} interface.
 *
 * This implementation is agnostic to the way tokens are created. This means
 * that a supply mechanism has to be added in a derived contract using {_mint}.
 *
 * TIP: For a detailed writeup see our guide
 * https://forum.openzeppelin.com/t/how-to-implement-erc20-supply-mechanisms/226[How
 * to implement supply mechanisms].
 *
 * The default value of {decimals} is 18. To change this, you should override
 * this function so it returns a different value.
 *
 * We have followed general OpenZeppelin Contracts guidelines: functions revert
 * instead returning `false` on failure. This behavior is nonetheless
 * conventional and does not conflict with the expectations of ERC20
 * applications.
 *
 * Additionally, an {Approval} event is emitted on calls to {transferFrom}.
 * This allows applications to reconstruct the allowance for all accounts just
 * by listening to said events. Other implementations of the EIP may not emit
 * these events, as it isn't required by the specification.
 */
abstract contract ERC20 is Context, IERC20, IERC20Metadata, IERC20Errors {
    mapping(address account => uint256) private _balances;

    mapping(address account => mapping(address spender => uint256)) private _allowances;

    uint256 private _totalSupply;

    string private _name;
    string private _symbol;

    /**
     * @dev Sets the values for {name} and {symbol}.
     *
     * All two of these values are immutable: they can only be set once during
     * construction.
     */
    constructor(string memory name_, string memory symbol_) {
        _name = name_;
        _symbol = symbol_;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the name of the token.
     */
    function name() public view virtual returns (string memory) {
        return _name;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the symbol of the token, usually a shorter version of the
     * name.
     */
    function symbol() public view virtual returns (string memory) {
        return _symbol;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of decimals used to get its user representation.
     * For example, if `decimals` equals `2`, a balance of `505` tokens should
     * be displayed to a user as `5.05` (`505 / 10 ** 2`).
     *
     * Tokens usually opt for a value of 18, imitating the relationship between
     * Ether and Wei. This is the default value returned by this function, unless
     * it's overridden.
     *
     * NOTE: This information is only used for _display_ purposes: it in
     * no way affects any of the arithmetic of the contract, including
     * {IERC20-balanceOf} and {IERC20-transfer}.
     */
    function decimals() public view virtual returns (uint8) {
        return 18;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-totalSupply}.
     */
    function totalSupply() public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _totalSupply;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-balanceOf}.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _balances[account];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-transfer}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - the caller must have a balance of at least `value`.
     */
    function transfer(address to, uint256 value) public virtual returns (bool) {
        address owner = _msgSender();
        _transfer(owner, to, value);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-allowance}.
     */
    function allowance(address owner, address spender) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _allowances[owner][spender];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-approve}.
     *
     * NOTE: If `value` is the maximum `uint256`, the allowance is not updated on
     * `transferFrom`. This is semantically equivalent to an infinite approval.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     */
    function approve(address spender, uint256 value) public virtual returns (bool) {
        address owner = _msgSender();
        _approve(owner, spender, value);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-transferFrom}.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event indicating the updated allowance. This is not
     * required by the EIP. See the note at the beginning of {ERC20}.
     *
     * NOTE: Does not update the allowance if the current allowance
     * is the maximum `uint256`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` and `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `from` must have a balance of at least `value`.
     * - the caller must have allowance for ``from``'s tokens of at least
     * `value`.
     */
    function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 value) public virtual returns (bool) {
        address spender = _msgSender();
        _spendAllowance(from, spender, value);
        _transfer(from, to, value);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Moves a `value` amount of tokens from `from` to `to`.
     *
     * This internal function is equivalent to {transfer}, and can be used to
     * e.g. implement automatic token fees, slashing mechanisms, etc.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     *
     * NOTE: This function is not virtual, {_update} should be overridden instead.
     */
    function _transfer(address from, address to, uint256 value) internal {
        if (from == address(0)) {
            revert ERC20InvalidSender(address(0));
        }
        if (to == address(0)) {
            revert ERC20InvalidReceiver(address(0));
        }
        _update(from, to, value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers a `value` amount of tokens from `from` to `to`, or alternatively mints (or burns) if `from`
     * (or `to`) is the zero address. All customizations to transfers, mints, and burns should be done by overriding
     * this function.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function _update(address from, address to, uint256 value) internal virtual {
        if (from == address(0)) {
            // Overflow check required: The rest of the code assumes that totalSupply never overflows
            _totalSupply += value;
        } else {
            uint256 fromBalance = _balances[from];
            if (fromBalance < value) {
                revert ERC20InsufficientBalance(from, fromBalance, value);
            }
            unchecked {
                // Overflow not possible: value <= fromBalance <= totalSupply.
                _balances[from] = fromBalance - value;
            }
        }

        if (to == address(0)) {
            unchecked {
                // Overflow not possible: value <= totalSupply or value <= fromBalance <= totalSupply.
                _totalSupply -= value;
            }
        } else {
            unchecked {
                // Overflow not possible: balance + value is at most totalSupply, which we know fits into a uint256.
                _balances[to] += value;
            }
        }

        emit Transfer(from, to, value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Creates a `value` amount of tokens and assigns them to `account`, by transferring it from address(0).
     * Relies on the `_update` mechanism
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event with `from` set to the zero address.
     *
     * NOTE: This function is not virtual, {_update} should be overridden instead.
     */
    function _mint(address account, uint256 value) internal {
        if (account == address(0)) {
            revert ERC20InvalidReceiver(address(0));
        }
        _update(address(0), account, value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Destroys a `value` amount of tokens from `account`, lowering the total supply.
     * Relies on the `_update` mechanism.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event with `to` set to the zero address.
     *
     * NOTE: This function is not virtual, {_update} should be overridden instead
     */
    function _burn(address account, uint256 value) internal {
        if (account == address(0)) {
            revert ERC20InvalidSender(address(0));
        }
        _update(account, address(0), value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Sets `value` as the allowance of `spender` over the `owner` s tokens.
     *
     * This internal function is equivalent to `approve`, and can be used to
     * e.g. set automatic allowances for certain subsystems, etc.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `owner` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     *
     * Overrides to this logic should be done to the variant with an additional `bool emitEvent` argument.
     */
    function _approve(address owner, address spender, uint256 value) internal {
        _approve(owner, spender, value, true);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Variant of {_approve} with an optional flag to enable or disable the {Approval} event.
     *
     * By default (when calling {_approve}) the flag is set to true. On the other hand, approval changes made by
     * `_spendAllowance` during the `transferFrom` operation set the flag to false. This saves gas by not emitting any
     * `Approval` event during `transferFrom` operations.
     *
     * Anyone who wishes to continue emitting `Approval` events on the`transferFrom` operation can force the flag to
     * true using the following override:
     * ```
     * function _approve(address owner, address spender, uint256 value, bool) internal virtual override {
     *     super._approve(owner, spender, value, true);
     * }
     * ```
     *
     * Requirements are the same as {_approve}.
     */
    function _approve(address owner, address spender, uint256 value, bool emitEvent) internal virtual {
        if (owner == address(0)) {
            revert ERC20InvalidApprover(address(0));
        }
        if (spender == address(0)) {
            revert ERC20InvalidSpender(address(0));
        }
        _allowances[owner][spender] = value;
        if (emitEvent) {
            emit Approval(owner, spender, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Updates `owner` s allowance for `spender` based on spent `value`.
     *
     * Does not update the allowance value in case of infinite allowance.
     * Revert if not enough allowance is available.
     *
     * Does not emit an {Approval} event.
     */
    function _spendAllowance(address owner, address spender, uint256 value) internal virtual {
        uint256 currentAllowance = allowance(owner, spender);
        if (currentAllowance != type(uint256).max) {
            if (currentAllowance < value) {
                revert ERC20InsufficientAllowance(spender, currentAllowance, value);
            }
            unchecked {
                _approve(owner, spender, currentAllowance - value, false);
            }
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC20} from "../IERC20.sol";

/**
 * @dev Interface for the optional metadata functions from the ERC20 standard.
 */
interface IERC20Metadata is IERC20 {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the name of the token.
     */
    function name() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the symbol of the token.
     */
    function symbol() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the decimals places of the token.
     */
    function decimals() external view returns (uint8);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Permit.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC20 Permit extension allowing approvals to be made via signatures, as defined in
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612[EIP-2612].
 *
 * Adds the {permit} method, which can be used to change an account's ERC20 allowance (see {IERC20-allowance}) by
 * presenting a message signed by the account. By not relying on {IERC20-approve}, the token holder account doesn't
 * need to send a transaction, and thus is not required to hold Ether at all.
 *
 * ==== Security Considerations
 *
 * There are two important considerations concerning the use of `permit`. The first is that a valid permit signature
 * expresses an allowance, and it should not be assumed to convey additional meaning. In particular, it should not be
 * considered as an intention to spend the allowance in any specific way. The second is that because permits have
 * built-in replay protection and can be submitted by anyone, they can be frontrun. A protocol that uses permits should
 * take this into consideration and allow a `permit` call to fail. Combining these two aspects, a pattern that may be
 * generally recommended is:
 *
 * ```solidity
 * function doThingWithPermit(..., uint256 value, uint256 deadline, uint8 v, bytes32 r, bytes32 s) public {
 *     try token.permit(msg.sender, address(this), value, deadline, v, r, s) {} catch {}
 *     doThing(..., value);
 * }
 *
 * function doThing(..., uint256 value) public {
 *     token.safeTransferFrom(msg.sender, address(this), value);
 *     ...
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * Observe that: 1) `msg.sender` is used as the owner, leaving no ambiguity as to the signer intent, and 2) the use of
 * `try/catch` allows the permit to fail and makes the code tolerant to frontrunning. (See also
 * {SafeERC20-safeTransferFrom}).
 *
 * Additionally, note that smart contract wallets (such as Argent or Safe) are not able to produce permit signatures, so
 * contracts should have entry points that don't rely on permit.
 */
interface IERC20Permit {
    /**
     * @dev Sets `value` as the allowance of `spender` over ``owner``'s tokens,
     * given ``owner``'s signed approval.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: The same issues {IERC20-approve} has related to transaction
     * ordering also apply here.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `deadline` must be a timestamp in the future.
     * - `v`, `r` and `s` must be a valid `secp256k1` signature from `owner`
     * over the EIP712-formatted function arguments.
     * - the signature must use ``owner``'s current nonce (see {nonces}).
     *
     * For more information on the signature format, see the
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612#specification[relevant EIP
     * section].
     *
     * CAUTION: See Security Considerations above.
     */
    function permit(
        address owner,
        address spender,
        uint256 value,
        uint256 deadline,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) external;

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current nonce for `owner`. This value must be
     * included whenever a signature is generated for {permit}.
     *
     * Every successful call to {permit} increases ``owner``'s nonce by one. This
     * prevents a signature from being used multiple times.
     */
    function nonces(address owner) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the domain separator used in the encoding of the signature for {permit}, as defined by {EIP712}.
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function DOMAIN_SEPARATOR() external view returns (bytes32);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (token/ERC20/IERC20.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC20 standard as defined in the EIP.
 */
interface IERC20 {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens are moved from one account (`from`) to
     * another (`to`).
     *
     * Note that `value` may be zero.
     */
    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the allowance of a `spender` for an `owner` is set by
     * a call to {approve}. `value` is the new allowance.
     */
    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value of tokens in existence.
     */
    function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value of tokens owned by `account`.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Moves a `value` amount of tokens from the caller's account to `to`.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transfer(address to, uint256 value) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remaining number of tokens that `spender` will be
     * allowed to spend on behalf of `owner` through {transferFrom}. This is
     * zero by default.
     *
     * This value changes when {approve} or {transferFrom} are called.
     */
    function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Sets a `value` amount of tokens as the allowance of `spender` over the
     * caller's tokens.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk
     * that someone may use both the old and the new allowance by unfortunate
     * transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this race
     * condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the
     * desired value afterwards:
     * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     */
    function approve(address spender, uint256 value) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Moves a `value` amount of tokens from `from` to `to` using the
     * allowance mechanism. `value` is then deducted from the caller's
     * allowance.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 value) external returns (bool);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC20} from "../IERC20.sol";
import {IERC20Permit} from "../extensions/IERC20Permit.sol";
import {Address} from "../../../utils/Address.sol";

/**
 * @title SafeERC20
 * @dev Wrappers around ERC20 operations that throw on failure (when the token
 * contract returns false). Tokens that return no value (and instead revert or
 * throw on failure) are also supported, non-reverting calls are assumed to be
 * successful.
 * To use this library you can add a `using SafeERC20 for IERC20;` statement to your contract,
 * which allows you to call the safe operations as `token.safeTransfer(...)`, etc.
 */
library SafeERC20 {
    using Address for address;

    /**
     * @dev An operation with an ERC20 token failed.
     */
    error SafeERC20FailedOperation(address token);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failed `decreaseAllowance` request.
     */
    error SafeERC20FailedDecreaseAllowance(address spender, uint256 currentAllowance, uint256 requestedDecrease);

    /**
     * @dev Transfer `value` amount of `token` from the calling contract to `to`. If `token` returns no value,
     * non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful.
     */
    function safeTransfer(IERC20 token, address to, uint256 value) internal {
        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeCall(token.transfer, (to, value)));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfer `value` amount of `token` from `from` to `to`, spending the approval given by `from` to the
     * calling contract. If `token` returns no value, non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(IERC20 token, address from, address to, uint256 value) internal {
        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeCall(token.transferFrom, (from, to, value)));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Increase the calling contract's allowance toward `spender` by `value`. If `token` returns no value,
     * non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful.
     */
    function safeIncreaseAllowance(IERC20 token, address spender, uint256 value) internal {
        uint256 oldAllowance = token.allowance(address(this), spender);
        forceApprove(token, spender, oldAllowance + value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Decrease the calling contract's allowance toward `spender` by `requestedDecrease`. If `token` returns no
     * value, non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful.
     */
    function safeDecreaseAllowance(IERC20 token, address spender, uint256 requestedDecrease) internal {
        unchecked {
            uint256 currentAllowance = token.allowance(address(this), spender);
            if (currentAllowance < requestedDecrease) {
                revert SafeERC20FailedDecreaseAllowance(spender, currentAllowance, requestedDecrease);
            }
            forceApprove(token, spender, currentAllowance - requestedDecrease);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Set the calling contract's allowance toward `spender` to `value`. If `token` returns no value,
     * non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful. Meant to be used with tokens that require the approval
     * to be set to zero before setting it to a non-zero value, such as USDT.
     */
    function forceApprove(IERC20 token, address spender, uint256 value) internal {
        bytes memory approvalCall = abi.encodeCall(token.approve, (spender, value));

        if (!_callOptionalReturnBool(token, approvalCall)) {
            _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeCall(token.approve, (spender, 0)));
            _callOptionalReturn(token, approvalCall);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Imitates a Solidity high-level call (i.e. a regular function call to a contract), relaxing the requirement
     * on the return value: the return value is optional (but if data is returned, it must not be false).
     * @param token The token targeted by the call.
     * @param data The call data (encoded using abi.encode or one of its variants).
     */
    function _callOptionalReturn(IERC20 token, bytes memory data) private {
        // We need to perform a low level call here, to bypass Solidity's return data size checking mechanism, since
        // we're implementing it ourselves. We use {Address-functionCall} to perform this call, which verifies that
        // the target address contains contract code and also asserts for success in the low-level call.

        bytes memory returndata = address(token).functionCall(data);
        if (returndata.length != 0 && !abi.decode(returndata, (bool))) {
            revert SafeERC20FailedOperation(address(token));
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Imitates a Solidity high-level call (i.e. a regular function call to a contract), relaxing the requirement
     * on the return value: the return value is optional (but if data is returned, it must not be false).
     * @param token The token targeted by the call.
     * @param data The call data (encoded using abi.encode or one of its variants).
     *
     * This is a variant of {_callOptionalReturn} that silents catches all reverts and returns a bool instead.
     */
    function _callOptionalReturnBool(IERC20 token, bytes memory data) private returns (bool) {
        // We need to perform a low level call here, to bypass Solidity's return data size checking mechanism, since
        // we're implementing it ourselves. We cannot use {Address-functionCall} here since this should return false
        // and not revert is the subcall reverts.

        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = address(token).call(data);
        return success && (returndata.length == 0 || abi.decode(returndata, (bool))) && address(token).code.length > 0;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (utils/Address.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
 */
library Address {
    /**
     * @dev The ETH balance of the account is not enough to perform the operation.
     */
    error AddressInsufficientBalance(address account);

    /**
     * @dev There's no code at `target` (it is not a contract).
     */
    error AddressEmptyCode(address target);

    /**
     * @dev A call to an address target failed. The target may have reverted.
     */
    error FailedInnerCall();

    /**
     * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
     * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
     *
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
     * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
     * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
     * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
     *
     * https://consensys.net/diligence/blog/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
     *
     * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
     * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
     * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
     * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.8.20/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
     */
    function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
        if (address(this).balance < amount) {
            revert AddressInsufficientBalance(address(this));
        }

        (bool success, ) = recipient.call{value: amount}("");
        if (!success) {
            revert FailedInnerCall();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A
     * plain `call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this
     * function instead.
     *
     * If `target` reverts with a revert reason or custom error, it is bubbled
     * up by this function (like regular Solidity function calls). However, if
     * the call reverted with no returned reason, this function reverts with a
     * {FailedInnerCall} error.
     *
     * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value,
     * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`].
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `target` must be a contract.
     * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert.
     */
    function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`.
     * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`.
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(address target, bytes memory data, uint256 value) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        if (address(this).balance < value) {
            revert AddressInsufficientBalance(address(this));
        }
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{value: value}(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     */
    function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.delegatecall(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call to smart-contract was successful, and reverts if the target
     * was not a contract or bubbling up the revert reason (falling back to {FailedInnerCall}) in case of an
     * unsuccessful call.
     */
    function verifyCallResultFromTarget(
        address target,
        bool success,
        bytes memory returndata
    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        if (!success) {
            _revert(returndata);
        } else {
            // only check if target is a contract if the call was successful and the return data is empty
            // otherwise we already know that it was a contract
            if (returndata.length == 0 && target.code.length == 0) {
                revert AddressEmptyCode(target);
            }
            return returndata;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call was successful, and reverts if it wasn't, either by bubbling the
     * revert reason or with a default {FailedInnerCall} error.
     */
    function verifyCallResult(bool success, bytes memory returndata) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
        if (!success) {
            _revert(returndata);
        } else {
            return returndata;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Reverts with returndata if present. Otherwise reverts with {FailedInnerCall}.
     */
    function _revert(bytes memory returndata) private pure {
        // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present
        if (returndata.length > 0) {
            // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
                revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
            }
        } else {
            revert FailedInnerCall();
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.1) (utils/Context.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
 * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
 * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
 * manner, since when dealing with meta-transactions the account sending and
 * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
 * is concerned).
 *
 * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
 */
abstract contract Context {
    function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address) {
        return msg.sender;
    }

    function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes calldata) {
        return msg.data;
    }

    function _contextSuffixLength() internal view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return 0;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (utils/math/Math.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Standard math utilities missing in the Solidity language.
 */
library Math {
    /**
     * @dev Muldiv operation overflow.
     */
    error MathOverflowedMulDiv();

    enum Rounding {
        Floor, // Toward negative infinity
        Ceil, // Toward positive infinity
        Trunc, // Toward zero
        Expand // Away from zero
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the addition of two unsigned integers, with an overflow flag.
     */
    function tryAdd(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 c = a + b;
            if (c < a) return (false, 0);
            return (true, c);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the subtraction of two unsigned integers, with an overflow flag.
     */
    function trySub(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
        unchecked {
            if (b > a) return (false, 0);
            return (true, a - b);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the multiplication of two unsigned integers, with an overflow flag.
     */
    function tryMul(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
        unchecked {
            // Gas optimization: this is cheaper than requiring 'a' not being zero, but the
            // benefit is lost if 'b' is also tested.
            // See: https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/522
            if (a == 0) return (true, 0);
            uint256 c = a * b;
            if (c / a != b) return (false, 0);
            return (true, c);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the division of two unsigned integers, with a division by zero flag.
     */
    function tryDiv(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
        unchecked {
            if (b == 0) return (false, 0);
            return (true, a / b);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remainder of dividing two unsigned integers, with a division by zero flag.
     */
    function tryMod(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
        unchecked {
            if (b == 0) return (false, 0);
            return (true, a % b);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the largest of two numbers.
     */
    function max(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a > b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the smallest of two numbers.
     */
    function min(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a < b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the average of two numbers. The result is rounded towards
     * zero.
     */
    function average(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // (a + b) / 2 can overflow.
        return (a & b) + (a ^ b) / 2;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the ceiling of the division of two numbers.
     *
     * This differs from standard division with `/` in that it rounds towards infinity instead
     * of rounding towards zero.
     */
    function ceilDiv(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        if (b == 0) {
            // Guarantee the same behavior as in a regular Solidity division.
            return a / b;
        }

        // (a + b - 1) / b can overflow on addition, so we distribute.
        return a == 0 ? 0 : (a - 1) / b + 1;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates floor(x * y / denominator) with full precision. Throws if result overflows a uint256 or
     * denominator == 0.
     * @dev Original credit to Remco Bloemen under MIT license (https://xn--2-umb.com/21/muldiv) with further edits by
     * Uniswap Labs also under MIT license.
     */
    function mulDiv(uint256 x, uint256 y, uint256 denominator) internal pure returns (uint256 result) {
        unchecked {
            // 512-bit multiply [prod1 prod0] = x * y. Compute the product mod 2^256 and mod 2^256 - 1, then use
            // use the Chinese Remainder Theorem to reconstruct the 512 bit result. The result is stored in two 256
            // variables such that product = prod1 * 2^256 + prod0.
            uint256 prod0 = x * y; // Least significant 256 bits of the product
            uint256 prod1; // Most significant 256 bits of the product
            assembly {
                let mm := mulmod(x, y, not(0))
                prod1 := sub(sub(mm, prod0), lt(mm, prod0))
            }

            // Handle non-overflow cases, 256 by 256 division.
            if (prod1 == 0) {
                // Solidity will revert if denominator == 0, unlike the div opcode on its own.
                // The surrounding unchecked block does not change this fact.
                // See https://docs.soliditylang.org/en/latest/control-structures.html#checked-or-unchecked-arithmetic.
                return prod0 / denominator;
            }

            // Make sure the result is less than 2^256. Also prevents denominator == 0.
            if (denominator <= prod1) {
                revert MathOverflowedMulDiv();
            }

            ///////////////////////////////////////////////
            // 512 by 256 division.
            ///////////////////////////////////////////////

            // Make division exact by subtracting the remainder from [prod1 prod0].
            uint256 remainder;
            assembly {
                // Compute remainder using mulmod.
                remainder := mulmod(x, y, denominator)

                // Subtract 256 bit number from 512 bit number.
                prod1 := sub(prod1, gt(remainder, prod0))
                prod0 := sub(prod0, remainder)
            }

            // Factor powers of two out of denominator and compute largest power of two divisor of denominator.
            // Always >= 1. See https://cs.stackexchange.com/q/138556/92363.

            uint256 twos = denominator & (0 - denominator);
            assembly {
                // Divide denominator by twos.
                denominator := div(denominator, twos)

                // Divide [prod1 prod0] by twos.
                prod0 := div(prod0, twos)

                // Flip twos such that it is 2^256 / twos. If twos is zero, then it becomes one.
                twos := add(div(sub(0, twos), twos), 1)
            }

            // Shift in bits from prod1 into prod0.
            prod0 |= prod1 * twos;

            // Invert denominator mod 2^256. Now that denominator is an odd number, it has an inverse modulo 2^256 such
            // that denominator * inv = 1 mod 2^256. Compute the inverse by starting with a seed that is correct for
            // four bits. That is, denominator * inv = 1 mod 2^4.
            uint256 inverse = (3 * denominator) ^ 2;

            // Use the Newton-Raphson iteration to improve the precision. Thanks to Hensel's lifting lemma, this also
            // works in modular arithmetic, doubling the correct bits in each step.
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^8
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^16
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^32
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^64
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^128
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^256

            // Because the division is now exact we can divide by multiplying with the modular inverse of denominator.
            // This will give us the correct result modulo 2^256. Since the preconditions guarantee that the outcome is
            // less than 2^256, this is the final result. We don't need to compute the high bits of the result and prod1
            // is no longer required.
            result = prod0 * inverse;
            return result;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates x * y / denominator with full precision, following the selected rounding direction.
     */
    function mulDiv(uint256 x, uint256 y, uint256 denominator, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = mulDiv(x, y, denominator);
        if (unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && mulmod(x, y, denominator) > 0) {
            result += 1;
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the square root of a number. If the number is not a perfect square, the value is rounded
     * towards zero.
     *
     * Inspired by Henry S. Warren, Jr.'s "Hacker's Delight" (Chapter 11).
     */
    function sqrt(uint256 a) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        if (a == 0) {
            return 0;
        }

        // For our first guess, we get the biggest power of 2 which is smaller than the square root of the target.
        //
        // We know that the "msb" (most significant bit) of our target number `a` is a power of 2 such that we have
        // `msb(a) <= a < 2*msb(a)`. This value can be written `msb(a)=2**k` with `k=log2(a)`.
        //
        // This can be rewritten `2**log2(a) <= a < 2**(log2(a) + 1)`
        // → `sqrt(2**k) <= sqrt(a) < sqrt(2**(k+1))`
        // → `2**(k/2) <= sqrt(a) < 2**((k+1)/2) <= 2**(k/2 + 1)`
        //
        // Consequently, `2**(log2(a) / 2)` is a good first approximation of `sqrt(a)` with at least 1 correct bit.
        uint256 result = 1 << (log2(a) >> 1);

        // At this point `result` is an estimation with one bit of precision. We know the true value is a uint128,
        // since it is the square root of a uint256. Newton's method converges quadratically (precision doubles at
        // every iteration). We thus need at most 7 iteration to turn our partial result with one bit of precision
        // into the expected uint128 result.
        unchecked {
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            return min(result, a / result);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates sqrt(a), following the selected rounding direction.
     */
    function sqrt(uint256 a, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = sqrt(a);
            return result + (unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && result * result < a ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 2 of a positive value rounded towards zero.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log2(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >> 128 > 0) {
                value >>= 128;
                result += 128;
            }
            if (value >> 64 > 0) {
                value >>= 64;
                result += 64;
            }
            if (value >> 32 > 0) {
                value >>= 32;
                result += 32;
            }
            if (value >> 16 > 0) {
                value >>= 16;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >> 8 > 0) {
                value >>= 8;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >> 4 > 0) {
                value >>= 4;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >> 2 > 0) {
                value >>= 2;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >> 1 > 0) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 2, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log2(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log2(value);
            return result + (unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && 1 << result < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 10 of a positive value rounded towards zero.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log10(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >= 10 ** 64) {
                value /= 10 ** 64;
                result += 64;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 32) {
                value /= 10 ** 32;
                result += 32;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 16) {
                value /= 10 ** 16;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 8) {
                value /= 10 ** 8;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 4) {
                value /= 10 ** 4;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 2) {
                value /= 10 ** 2;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 1) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 10, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log10(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log10(value);
            return result + (unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && 10 ** result < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 256 of a positive value rounded towards zero.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     *
     * Adding one to the result gives the number of pairs of hex symbols needed to represent `value` as a hex string.
     */
    function log256(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >> 128 > 0) {
                value >>= 128;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >> 64 > 0) {
                value >>= 64;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >> 32 > 0) {
                value >>= 32;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >> 16 > 0) {
                value >>= 16;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >> 8 > 0) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 256, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log256(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log256(value);
            return result + (unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && 1 << (result << 3) < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns whether a provided rounding mode is considered rounding up for unsigned integers.
     */
    function unsignedRoundsUp(Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return uint8(rounding) % 2 == 1;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (utils/math/SignedMath.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Standard signed math utilities missing in the Solidity language.
 */
library SignedMath {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the largest of two signed numbers.
     */
    function max(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {
        return a > b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the smallest of two signed numbers.
     */
    function min(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {
        return a < b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the average of two signed numbers without overflow.
     * The result is rounded towards zero.
     */
    function average(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {
        // Formula from the book "Hacker's Delight"
        int256 x = (a & b) + ((a ^ b) >> 1);
        return x + (int256(uint256(x) >> 255) & (a ^ b));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the absolute unsigned value of a signed value.
     */
    function abs(int256 n) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            // must be unchecked in order to support `n = type(int256).min`
            return uint256(n >= 0 ? n : -n);
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (utils/StorageSlot.sol)
// This file was procedurally generated from scripts/generate/templates/StorageSlot.js.

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Library for reading and writing primitive types to specific storage slots.
 *
 * Storage slots are often used to avoid storage conflict when dealing with upgradeable contracts.
 * This library helps with reading and writing to such slots without the need for inline assembly.
 *
 * The functions in this library return Slot structs that contain a `value` member that can be used to read or write.
 *
 * Example usage to set ERC1967 implementation slot:
 * ```solidity
 * contract ERC1967 {
 *     bytes32 internal constant _IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT = 0x360894a13ba1a3210667c828492db98dca3e2076cc3735a920a3ca505d382bbc;
 *
 *     function _getImplementation() internal view returns (address) {
 *         return StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value;
 *     }
 *
 *     function _setImplementation(address newImplementation) internal {
 *         require(newImplementation.code.length > 0);
 *         StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value = newImplementation;
 *     }
 * }
 * ```
 */
library StorageSlot {
    struct AddressSlot {
        address value;
    }

    struct BooleanSlot {
        bool value;
    }

    struct Bytes32Slot {
        bytes32 value;
    }

    struct Uint256Slot {
        uint256 value;
    }

    struct StringSlot {
        string value;
    }

    struct BytesSlot {
        bytes value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `AddressSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getAddressSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (AddressSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `BooleanSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getBooleanSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (BooleanSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `Bytes32Slot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getBytes32Slot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (Bytes32Slot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `Uint256Slot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getUint256Slot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (Uint256Slot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `StringSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getStringSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (StringSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `StringSlot` representation of the string storage pointer `store`.
     */
    function getStringSlot(string storage store) internal pure returns (StringSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := store.slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `BytesSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getBytesSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (BytesSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `BytesSlot` representation of the bytes storage pointer `store`.
     */
    function getBytesSlot(bytes storage store) internal pure returns (BytesSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := store.slot
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (utils/Strings.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Math} from "./math/Math.sol";
import {SignedMath} from "./math/SignedMath.sol";

/**
 * @dev String operations.
 */
library Strings {
    bytes16 private constant HEX_DIGITS = "0123456789abcdef";
    uint8 private constant ADDRESS_LENGTH = 20;

    /**
     * @dev The `value` string doesn't fit in the specified `length`.
     */
    error StringsInsufficientHexLength(uint256 value, uint256 length);

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.
     */
    function toString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 length = Math.log10(value) + 1;
            string memory buffer = new string(length);
            uint256 ptr;
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                ptr := add(buffer, add(32, length))
            }
            while (true) {
                ptr--;
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    mstore8(ptr, byte(mod(value, 10), HEX_DIGITS))
                }
                value /= 10;
                if (value == 0) break;
            }
            return buffer;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `int256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.
     */
    function toStringSigned(int256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        return string.concat(value < 0 ? "-" : "", toString(SignedMath.abs(value)));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        unchecked {
            return toHexString(value, Math.log256(value) + 1);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation with fixed length.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value, uint256 length) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        uint256 localValue = value;
        bytes memory buffer = new bytes(2 * length + 2);
        buffer[0] = "0";
        buffer[1] = "x";
        for (uint256 i = 2 * length + 1; i > 1; --i) {
            buffer[i] = HEX_DIGITS[localValue & 0xf];
            localValue >>= 4;
        }
        if (localValue != 0) {
            revert StringsInsufficientHexLength(value, length);
        }
        return string(buffer);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts an `address` with fixed length of 20 bytes to its not checksummed ASCII `string` hexadecimal
     * representation.
     */
    function toHexString(address addr) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        return toHexString(uint256(uint160(addr)), ADDRESS_LENGTH);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the two strings are equal.
     */
    function equal(string memory a, string memory b) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return bytes(a).length == bytes(b).length && keccak256(bytes(a)) == keccak256(bytes(b));
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/proxy/ERC1967/ERC1967Proxy.sol";

abstract contract ERC1967 is ERC1967Proxy {}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/proxy/utils/UUPSUpgradeable.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Strings.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol";

import "../Permissions.sol";
import "../ReqHelpers.sol";

contract AtomicLockContract is Permissions, ReqHelpers, UUPSUpgradeable {
    using SafeERC20 for IERC20;
    
    mapping(address => uint256) public lockedBalanceOf;

    mapping(bytes32 => address) public proposedLock;
    mapping(bytes32 => address) public proposedUnlock;

    function initialize(address _admin, address _vault, address proposer, address[] calldata executors, uint256 threshold) public initializer {
        _initAdmin(_admin);
        _initVault(_vault);
        _addProposer(proposer);
        _initExecutors(executors, threshold);
    }

    function _authorizeUpgrade(address newImplementation) internal override onlyAdmin {}

    function addToken(uint8 tokenIndex, address tokenAddr) external onlyAdmin {
        _addToken(tokenIndex, tokenAddr);
    }

    function removeToken(uint8 tokenIndex) external onlyAdmin {
        _removeToken(tokenIndex);
    }

    event TokenLockProposed(bytes32 indexed reqId, address indexed proposer);
    event TokenLockExecuted(bytes32 indexed reqId, address indexed proposer);
    event TokenLockCancelled(bytes32 indexed reqId, address indexed proposer);

    function proposeLock(bytes32 reqId) payable external fromChainOnly(reqId) {
        _createdTimeFrom(reqId, true);
        uint8 action = _actionFrom(reqId);
        require(action & 0x0f == 1, "Invalid action; not lock-mint");
        require(proposedLock[reqId] == address(0), "Invalid reqId");

        address proposer = msg.sender;
        require(proposer > address(1), "Invalid proposer");

        uint256 amount = _amountFrom(reqId);
        address tokenAddr = _tokenFrom(reqId);
        if (tokenAddr == address(1)) {
            require(msg.value >= amount, "Transferred amount (tx.value) insufficient");
        }
        proposedLock[reqId] = proposer;

        if (action & 0x10 > 0) {
            address vault = getVault();
            require(vault != address(0), "Vault not activated");

            if (tokenAddr == address(1)) {
                (bool success, ) = vault.call{value: amount}("");
                require(success, "Transfer failed");
            } else {
                IERC20(tokenAddr).safeTransferFrom(proposer, vault, amount);
            }
        } else if (tokenAddr != address(1)) {
            IERC20(tokenAddr).safeTransferFrom(proposer, address(this), amount);
        }

        emit TokenLockProposed(reqId, proposer);
    }

    receive() external payable {}

    function executeLock(bytes32 reqId, bytes32[] memory r, bytes32[] memory yParityAndS, address[] memory executors, uint256 exeIndex) external {
        address proposer = proposedLock[reqId];
        require(proposer > address(1), "Invalid reqId");

        bytes32 digest = _digestFromReqSigningMessage(reqId);
        _checkMultiSignatures(digest, r, yParityAndS, executors, exeIndex);

        proposedLock[reqId] = address(1);

        uint256 amount = _amountFrom(reqId);
        address tokenAddr = _tokenFrom(reqId);
        lockedBalanceOf[tokenAddr] += amount;

        emit TokenLockExecuted(reqId, proposer);
    }

    function cancelLock(bytes32 reqId) external {
        address proposer = proposedLock[reqId];
        require(proposer > address(1), "Invalid reqId");
        require(block.timestamp > _createdTimeFrom(reqId, false) + EXPIRE_PERIOD, "Wait until expired to cancel");

        delete proposedLock[reqId];

        uint256 amount = _amountFrom(reqId);
        address tokenAddr = _tokenFrom(reqId);

        if (tokenAddr == address(1)) {
            (bool success, ) = proposer.call{value: amount}("");
            require(success, "Transfer failed");
        } else {
            address vault;
            if (_actionFrom(reqId) & 0x10 > 0) {
                vault = getVault();
            }
            if (vault == address(0)) {
                IERC20(tokenAddr).safeTransfer(proposer, amount);
            } else {
                IERC20(tokenAddr).safeTransferFrom(vault, proposer, amount);
            }
        }

        emit TokenLockCancelled(reqId, proposer);
    }

    event TokenUnlockProposed(bytes32 indexed reqId, address indexed recipient);
    event TokenUnlockExecuted(bytes32 indexed reqId, address indexed recipient);
    event TokenUnlockCancelled(bytes32 indexed reqId, address indexed recipient);

    function proposeUnlock(bytes32 reqId, address recipient) external onlyProposer fromChainOnly(reqId) {
        _createdTimeFrom(reqId, true);
        require(_actionFrom(reqId) & 0x0f == 2, "Invalid action; not burn-unlock");
        require(proposedUnlock[reqId] == address(0), "Invalid reqId");
        require(recipient > address(1), "Invalid recipient");

        uint256 amount = _amountFrom(reqId);
        address tokenAddr = _tokenFrom(reqId);
        lockedBalanceOf[tokenAddr] -= amount;
        proposedUnlock[reqId] = recipient;

        emit TokenUnlockProposed(reqId, recipient);
    }

    function executeUnlock(bytes32 reqId, bytes32[] memory r, bytes32[] memory yParityAndS, address[] memory executors, uint256 exeIndex) external {
        address recipient = proposedUnlock[reqId];
        require(recipient > address(1), "Invalid reqId");

        bytes32 digest = _digestFromReqSigningMessage(reqId);
        _checkMultiSignatures(digest, r, yParityAndS, executors, exeIndex);

        proposedUnlock[reqId] = address(1);

        uint256 amount = _amountFrom(reqId);
        address tokenAddr = _tokenFrom(reqId);
        if (tokenAddr == address(1)) {
            (bool success, ) = recipient.call{value: amount}("");
            require(success, "Transfer failed");
        } else {
            address vault;
            if (_actionFrom(reqId) & 0x10 > 0) {
                vault = getVault();
            }
            if (vault == address(0)) {
                IERC20(tokenAddr).safeTransfer(recipient, amount);
            } else {
                IERC20(tokenAddr).safeTransferFrom(vault, recipient, amount);
            }
        }

        emit TokenUnlockExecuted(reqId, recipient);
    }

    function cancelUnlock(bytes32 reqId) external {
        address recipient = proposedUnlock[reqId];
        require(recipient > address(1), "Invalid reqId");
        require(block.timestamp > _createdTimeFrom(reqId, false) + EXPIRE_EXTRA_PERIOD, "Wait until expired to cancel");

        delete proposedUnlock[reqId];

        uint256 amount = _amountFrom(reqId);
        address tokenAddr = _tokenFrom(reqId);
        lockedBalanceOf[tokenAddr] += amount;

        emit TokenUnlockCancelled(reqId, recipient);
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/proxy/utils/UUPSUpgradeable.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Strings.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol";

import "./MintableERC20.sol";
import "../Permissions.sol";
import "../ReqHelpers.sol";

contract AtomicMintContract is Permissions, ReqHelpers, UUPSUpgradeable {
    using SafeERC20 for MintableERC20;

    mapping(bytes32 => address) public proposedMint;
    mapping(bytes32 => address) public proposedBurn;

    function initialize(address _admin, address _vault, address proposer, address[] calldata executors, uint256 threshold) public initializer {
        _initAdmin(_admin);
        if (_vault != address(0)) {
            _initVault(_vault);
        }
        _addProposer(proposer);
        _initExecutors(executors, threshold);
    }

    function _authorizeUpgrade(address newImplementation) internal override onlyAdmin {}

    function addToken(uint8 tokenIndex, address tokenAddr) external onlyAdmin {
        _addToken(tokenIndex, tokenAddr);
    }

    function createToken(uint8 tokenIndex, string memory name, string memory symbol, uint8 decimals) external onlyAdmin {
        MintableERC20 tokenAddr = new MintableERC20(address(this), _getVaultWithAdminFallback(), name, symbol, decimals);
        _addToken(tokenIndex, address(tokenAddr));
    }

    function removeToken(uint8 tokenIndex) external onlyAdmin {
        _removeToken(tokenIndex);
    }

    event TokenMintProposed(bytes32 indexed reqId, address indexed recipient);
    event TokenMintExecuted(bytes32 indexed reqId, address indexed recipient);
    event TokenMintCancelled(bytes32 indexed reqId, address indexed recipient);

    function proposeMint(bytes32 reqId, address recipient) external onlyProposer toChainOnly(reqId) {
        require(_actionFrom(reqId) & 0x0f == 1, "Invalid action; not lock-mint");
        _proposeMint(reqId, recipient);
    }

    function proposeMintFromBurn(bytes32 reqId, address recipient) external onlyProposer toChainOnly(reqId) {
        require(_actionFrom(reqId) & 0x0f == 3, "Invalid action; not burn-mint");
        _proposeMint(reqId, recipient);
    }

    function _proposeMint(bytes32 reqId, address recipient) private {
        _createdTimeFrom(reqId, true);
        require(proposedMint[reqId] == address(0), "Invalid reqId");
        require(recipient > address(1), "Invalid recipient");

        _amountFrom(reqId);
        _tokenFrom(reqId);
        proposedMint[reqId] = recipient;

        emit TokenMintProposed(reqId, recipient);
    }

    function executeMint(bytes32 reqId, bytes32[] memory r, bytes32[] memory yParityAndS, address[] memory executors, uint256 exeIndex) external {
        address recipient = proposedMint[reqId];
        require(recipient > address(1), "Invalid reqId");

        bytes32 digest = _digestFromReqSigningMessage(reqId);
        _checkMultiSignatures(digest, r, yParityAndS, executors, exeIndex);

        proposedMint[reqId] = address(1);

        uint256 amount = _amountFrom(reqId);
        address tokenAddr = _tokenFrom(reqId);
        address vault;
        if (_actionFrom(reqId) & 0x10 > 0) {
            vault = getVault();
        }
        if (vault == address(0)) {
            MintableERC20(tokenAddr).mint(recipient, amount);
        } else {
            MintableERC20(tokenAddr).mint(vault, amount);
        }

        emit TokenMintExecuted(reqId, recipient);
    }

    function cancelMint(bytes32 reqId) external {
        address recipient = proposedMint[reqId];
        require(recipient > address(1), "Invalid reqId");
        require(block.timestamp > _createdTimeFrom(reqId, false) + EXPIRE_EXTRA_PERIOD, "Wait until expired to cancel");

        delete proposedMint[reqId];

        emit TokenMintCancelled(reqId, recipient);
    }

    event TokenBurnProposed(bytes32 indexed reqId, address indexed proposer);
    event TokenBurnExecuted(bytes32 indexed reqId, address indexed proposer);
    event TokenBurnCancelled(bytes32 indexed reqId, address indexed proposer);

    function proposeBurn(bytes32 reqId) payable external toChainOnly(reqId) {
        require(_actionFrom(reqId) & 0x0f == 2, "Invalid action; not burn-unlock");
        _proposeBurn(reqId);
    }

    function proposeBurnForMint(bytes32 reqId) payable external fromChainOnly(reqId) {
        require(_actionFrom(reqId) & 0x0f == 3, "Invalid action; not burn-mint");
        _proposeBurn(reqId);
    }

    function _proposeBurn(bytes32 reqId) private {
        _createdTimeFrom(reqId, true);
        require(proposedBurn[reqId] == address(0), "Invalid reqId");

        address proposer = msg.sender;
        require(proposer > address(1), "Invalid proposer");

        uint256 amount = _amountFrom(reqId);
        address tokenAddr = _tokenFrom(reqId);
        proposedBurn[reqId] = proposer;

        MintableERC20(tokenAddr).safeTransferFrom(proposer, address(this), amount);

        emit TokenBurnProposed(reqId, proposer);
    }

    function executeBurn(bytes32 reqId, bytes32[] memory r, bytes32[] memory yParityAndS, address[] memory executors, uint256 exeIndex) external {
        address proposer = proposedBurn[reqId];
        require(proposer > address(1), "Invalid reqId");

        bytes32 digest = _digestFromReqSigningMessage(reqId);
        _checkMultiSignatures(digest, r, yParityAndS, executors, exeIndex);

        proposedBurn[reqId] = address(1);

        uint256 amount = _amountFrom(reqId);
        address tokenAddr = _tokenFrom(reqId);
        MintableERC20(tokenAddr).burn(address(this), amount);

        emit TokenBurnExecuted(reqId, proposer);
    }

    function cancelBurn(bytes32 reqId) external {
        address proposer = proposedBurn[reqId];
        require(proposer > address(1), "Invalid reqId");
        require(block.timestamp > _createdTimeFrom(reqId, false) + EXPIRE_PERIOD, "Wait until expired to cancel");

        delete proposedBurn[reqId];

        uint256 amount = _amountFrom(reqId);
        address tokenAddr = _tokenFrom(reqId);
        MintableERC20(tokenAddr).safeTransfer(proposer, amount);

        emit TokenBurnCancelled(reqId, proposer);
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Strings.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/math/Math.sol";

contract Permissions {
    bytes26 constant ETH_SIGN_HEADER = bytes26("\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\n");

    struct PermissionsStorage {
        address _admin;
        address _vault;

        mapping(address => uint256) _proposerIndex;
        address[] _proposerList;

        address[][] _executorsForIndex;
        uint256[] _exeThresholdForIndex;
        uint256[] _exeActiveSinceForIndex;
    }

    // keccak256(abi.encode(uint256(keccak256("atomic-lock-mint.Permissions")) - 1)) & ~bytes32(uint256(0xff))
    bytes32 private constant PermissionsLocation = 0xd1028ee8b04e383c5a05bb344e0e3bf65a78ced42fbbac56a26c8b6f5a4f7100;

    function _getPermissionsStorage() private pure returns (PermissionsStorage storage $) {
        assembly {
            $.slot := PermissionsLocation
        }
    }

    modifier onlyAdmin() {
        require(msg.sender == getAdmin(), "Require admin");
        _;
    }

    modifier onlyVaultWithAdminFallback() {
        require(msg.sender == _getVaultWithAdminFallback(), "Require vault");
        _;
    }

    modifier onlyProposer() {
        PermissionsStorage storage $ = _getPermissionsStorage();
        require($._proposerIndex[msg.sender] > 0, "Require a proposer");
        _;
    }

    function getAdmin() public view returns (address) {
        PermissionsStorage storage $ = _getPermissionsStorage();
        return $._admin;
    }

    event AdminTransferred(address indexed prevAdmin, address indexed newAdmin);

    function _initAdmin(address admin) internal {
        PermissionsStorage storage $ = _getPermissionsStorage();
        $._admin = admin;
        emit AdminTransferred(address(0), admin);
    }

    function transferAdmin(address newAdmin) external onlyAdmin {
        PermissionsStorage storage $ = _getPermissionsStorage();
        address prevAdmin = $._admin;
        $._admin = newAdmin;
        emit AdminTransferred(prevAdmin, newAdmin);
    }


    function getVault() public view returns (address) {
        PermissionsStorage storage $ = _getPermissionsStorage();
        return $._vault;
    }

    function _getVaultWithAdminFallback() internal view returns (address) {
        PermissionsStorage storage $ = _getPermissionsStorage();
        address vault = $._vault;
        return vault == address(0) ? $._admin : vault;
    }

    event VaultTransferred(address indexed prevVault, address indexed newVault);

    function _initVault(address vault) internal {
        PermissionsStorage storage $ = _getPermissionsStorage();
        $._vault = vault;
        emit VaultTransferred(address(0), vault);
    }

    function transferVault(address newVault) external onlyVaultWithAdminFallback {
        PermissionsStorage storage $ = _getPermissionsStorage();
        address prevVault = $._vault;
        $._vault = newVault;
        emit VaultTransferred(prevVault, newVault);
    }


    function proposerIndex(address proposer) external view returns (uint256) {
        PermissionsStorage storage $ = _getPermissionsStorage();
        return $._proposerIndex[proposer];
    }

    function proposerOfIndex(uint256 index) external view returns (address) {
        PermissionsStorage storage $ = _getPermissionsStorage();
        return $._proposerList[index];
    }

    event ProposerAdded(address indexed proposer);
    event ProposerRemoved(address indexed proposer);

    function addProposer(address proposer) external onlyAdmin {
        _addProposer(proposer);
    }

    function _addProposer(address proposer) internal {
        PermissionsStorage storage $ = _getPermissionsStorage();
        require($._proposerIndex[proposer] == 0, "Already a proposer");
        $._proposerList.push(proposer);
        $._proposerIndex[proposer] = $._proposerList.length;
        emit ProposerAdded(proposer);
    }

    function removeProposer(address proposer) external onlyAdmin {
        PermissionsStorage storage $ = _getPermissionsStorage();
        uint256 index = $._proposerIndex[proposer];
        require(index > 0, "Not an existing proposer");
        delete $._proposerIndex[proposer];

        uint256 len = $._proposerList.length;
        if (index < len) {
            address lastProposer = $._proposerList[len - 1];
            $._proposerList[index - 1] = lastProposer;
            $._proposerIndex[lastProposer] = index;
        }
        $._proposerList.pop();
        emit ProposerRemoved(proposer);
    }


    function executorsForIndex(uint256 index) external view returns (address[] memory) {
        PermissionsStorage storage $ = _getPermissionsStorage();
        return $._executorsForIndex[index];
    }

    function exeThresholdForIndex(uint256 index) external view returns (uint256) {
        PermissionsStorage storage $ = _getPermissionsStorage();
        return $._exeThresholdForIndex[index];
    }

    function exeActiveSinceForIndex(uint256 index) external view returns (uint256) {
        PermissionsStorage storage $ = _getPermissionsStorage();
        return $._exeActiveSinceForIndex[index];
    }

    function getActiveExecutors() external view returns (address[] memory executors, uint256 threshold, uint256 activeSince, uint256 exeIndex) {
        PermissionsStorage storage $ = _getPermissionsStorage();
        exeIndex = $._exeActiveSinceForIndex.length - 1;
        if ($._exeActiveSinceForIndex[exeIndex] > block.timestamp) {
            exeIndex--;
        }
        executors = $._executorsForIndex[exeIndex];
        threshold = $._exeThresholdForIndex[exeIndex];
        activeSince = $._exeActiveSinceForIndex[exeIndex];
    }

    function _initExecutors(address[] memory executors, uint256 threshold) internal {
        PermissionsStorage storage $ = _getPermissionsStorage();
        require($._exeThresholdForIndex.length == 0, "Executors already initialized");
        require(threshold > 0, "Threshold must be greater than 0");
        $._executorsForIndex.push(executors);
        $._exeThresholdForIndex.push(threshold);
        $._exeActiveSinceForIndex.push(1);
    }

    // All history executors will be recorded and indexed in chronological order. 
    // When a new set of `executors` is updated, the index will increase by 1. 
    // When updating `executors`, an `activeSince` timestamp must be provided, 
    // indicating the time from which this set of `executors` will become effective. 
    // The `activeSince` must be between 1.5 and 5 days after the current time, and also 
    // at least 1 day after the `activeSince` of the previous set of `executors`. 
    // Note that when the new set of `executors` becomes effective, the previous 
    // set of `executors` will become invalid.
    function updateExecutors(
        address[] calldata newExecutors,
        uint256 threshold,
        uint256 activeSince,
        bytes32[] calldata r, bytes32[] calldata yParityAndS, address[] calldata executors, uint256 exeIndex
    ) external {
        require(threshold > 0, "Threshold must be greater than 0");
        require(activeSince > block.timestamp + 36 hours, "The activeSince should be after 1.5 days from now");
        require(activeSince < block.timestamp + 5 days, "The activeSince should be within 5 days from now");

        bytes32 digest = keccak256(abi.encodePacked(
            ETH_SIGN_HEADER, Strings.toString(29 + 43 * newExecutors.length + 11 + Math.log10(threshold) + 1),
            "Sign to update executors to:\n",
            __joinAddressList(newExecutors),
            "Threshold: ", Strings.toString(threshold)
        ));
        _checkMultiSignatures(digest, r, yParityAndS, executors, exeIndex);

        PermissionsStorage storage $ = _getPermissionsStorage();
        uint256 newIndex = exeIndex + 1;
        if (newIndex == $._exeActiveSinceForIndex.length) {
            $._executorsForIndex.push(newExecutors);
            $._exeThresholdForIndex.push(threshold);
            $._exeActiveSinceForIndex.push(activeSince);
        } else {
            require(activeSince >= $._exeActiveSinceForIndex[newIndex], "Failed to overwrite existing executors");
            require(threshold >= $._exeThresholdForIndex[newIndex], "Failed to overwrite existing executors");
            require(__cmpAddrList(newExecutors, $._executorsForIndex[newIndex]), "Failed to overwrite existing executors");
            $._executorsForIndex[newIndex] = newExecutors;
            $._exeThresholdForIndex[newIndex] = threshold;
            $._exeActiveSinceForIndex[newIndex] = activeSince;
        }
    }

    function __joinAddressList(address[] memory addrs) private pure returns (string memory) {
        string memory result = "";

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < addrs.length; i++) {
            string memory addrStr = Strings.toHexString(addrs[i]);
            if (i == 0) {
                result = string(abi.encodePacked(addrStr, "\n"));
            } else {
                result = string(abi.encodePacked(result, addrStr, "\n"));
            }
        }

        return result;
    }

    function __cmpAddrList(address[] memory list1, address[] memory list2) private pure returns (bool) {
        if (list1.length > list2.length) {
            return true;
        } else if (list1.length < list2.length) {
            return false;
        }
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < list1.length; i++) {
            if (list1[i] > list2[i]) {
                return true;
            } else if (list1[i] < list2[i]) {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    function _checkMultiSignatures(
        bytes32 digest,
        bytes32[] memory r,
        bytes32[] memory yParityAndS,
        address[] memory executors,
        uint256 exeIndex
    ) internal view {
        require(r.length == yParityAndS.length, "Array length should equal");
        require(r.length == executors.length, "Array length should equal");

        __checkExecutorsForIndex(executors, exeIndex);

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < executors.length; i++) {
            address executor = executors[i];
            __checkSignature(digest, r[i], yParityAndS[i], executor);
        }
    }

    function __checkExecutorsForIndex(address[] memory executors, uint256 exeIndex) private view {
        PermissionsStorage storage $ = _getPermissionsStorage();
        require(executors.length >= $._exeThresholdForIndex[exeIndex], "Does not meet threshold");

        uint256 blockTime = block.timestamp;
        uint256 activeSince = $._exeActiveSinceForIndex[exeIndex];
        require(activeSince < blockTime, "Executors not yet active");

        if ($._exeActiveSinceForIndex.length > exeIndex + 1) {
            uint256 nextActiveSince = $._exeActiveSinceForIndex[exeIndex + 1];
            require(nextActiveSince > blockTime, "Executors of next index is active");
        }

        address[] memory currentExecutors = $._executorsForIndex[exeIndex];
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < executors.length; i++) {
            address executor = executors[i];
            for (uint256 j = 0; j < i; j++) {
                require(executors[j] != executor, "Duplicated executors");
            }

            bool isExecutor = false;
            for (uint256 j = 0; j < currentExecutors.length; j++) {
                if (executor == currentExecutors[j]) {
                    isExecutor = true;
                    break;
                }
            }
            require(isExecutor, "Non-executor");
        }
    }

    function __checkSignature(bytes32 digest, bytes32 r, bytes32 yParityAndS, address signer) internal pure {
        require(signer != address(0), "Signer cannot be empty address");
        bytes32 s = yParityAndS & bytes32(0x7fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff);
        uint8 v = uint8((uint256(yParityAndS) >> 255) + 27);
        require(uint256(s) <= 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF5D576E7357A4501DDFE92F46681B20A0, "Invalid signature");

        require(signer == ecrecover(digest, v, r, s), "Invalid signature");
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Strings.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol";

contract ReqHelpers {
    // 0x00: ethereum
    // 0x01: arbitrum
    // 0x02: bnb smart chain
    // 0x03: polygon
    // 0x04: optimism
    // 0x05: avalanche
    // 0x06: base
    // 0x07: linea
    // 0x08: zksync
    // 0x09: scroll
    // 0x0a: mode
    // 0x0b: manta
    // 0x0c: zklink
    // 0x0d: core
    // 0x0e: xlayer
    // 0x0f: mantle
    // 0x10: merlin
    // 0x11: b2
    // 0x12: bitlayer
    // 0x13: bevm
    // 0x14: bb
    // 0x15: bob
    // 0x20: kava
    // 0x21: kroma
    // 0x22: klaytn
    // 0x23: ailayer
    // 0x24: zircuit
    // 0x25: iotex
    // 0x26: zeta
    // 0xf0: sepolia
    // 0xf1: merlin-testnet
    // 0xf2: b2-testnet
    uint8 constant CHAIN = 0x00;

    // This value should be different for different bridge deployments
    string constant BRIDGE_CHANNEL = "MERL Bridge";

    uint256 constant PROPOSE_PERIOD = 48 hours;
    uint256 constant EXPIRE_PERIOD = 72 hours;
    uint256 constant EXPIRE_EXTRA_PERIOD = 96 hours;

    bytes26 private constant ETH_SIGN_HEADER = bytes26("\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\n");

    struct ReqHelpersStorage {
        mapping(uint8 => address) _tokens;
        mapping(uint8 => uint8) _tokenDecimals;
    }

    // keccak256(abi.encode(uint256(keccak256("atomic-lock-mint.ReqHelpers")) - 1)) & ~bytes32(uint256(0xff))
    bytes32 private constant ReqHelpersStorageLocation = 0xd6c54e2ae807cd214b40b716718abbdcf0be862340bc50cb8180c058254f4b00;

    function _getReqHelpersStorage() private pure returns (ReqHelpersStorage storage $) {
        assembly {
            $.slot := ReqHelpersStorageLocation
        }
    }

    function tokenForIndex(uint8 tokenIndex) external view returns (address) {
        ReqHelpersStorage storage $ = _getReqHelpersStorage();
        return $._tokens[tokenIndex];
    }

    event TokenAdded(uint8 tokenIndex, address tokenAddr);
    event TokenRemoved(uint8 tokenIndex, address tokenAddr);

    function _addToken(uint8 tokenIndex, address tokenAddr) internal {
        ReqHelpersStorage storage $ = _getReqHelpersStorage();
        require($._tokens[tokenIndex] == address(0), "Token index occupied");
        require(tokenIndex > 0, "Token index cannot be zero");
        require(tokenAddr != address(0), "Token address cannot be zero");

        uint8 decimals = tokenAddr == address(1) ? 18 : IERC20Metadata(tokenAddr).decimals();
        if (decimals == 6) {
            require(tokenIndex < 64, "Token with decimals 6 should have index 1-63");
        } else if (decimals == 18) {
            require(tokenIndex >= 64 && tokenIndex < 192, "Token with decimals 18 should have index 64-191");
        } else {
            require(tokenIndex >= 192, "Token with decimals other than 6 or 18 should have index 192-255");
            $._tokenDecimals[tokenIndex] = decimals;
        }
        $._tokens[tokenIndex] = tokenAddr;

        emit TokenAdded(tokenIndex, tokenAddr);
    }

    function _removeToken(uint8 tokenIndex) internal {
        require(tokenIndex > 0, "Token index cannot be zero");
        ReqHelpersStorage storage $ = _getReqHelpersStorage();
        address tokenAddr = $._tokens[tokenIndex];
        require(tokenAddr != address(0), "No token for this tokenIndex");
        delete $._tokens[tokenIndex];
        if (tokenIndex >= 192) {
            delete $._tokenDecimals[tokenIndex];
        }

        emit TokenRemoved(tokenIndex, tokenAddr);
    }

    function getSupportedTokens() external view
        returns (address[] memory supportedTokens, uint8[] memory indexes, uint8[] memory decimals)
    {
        ReqHelpersStorage storage $ = _getReqHelpersStorage();
        uint8 i;
        uint8 num = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < 255; i++) {
            if ($._tokens[i+1] != address(0)) {
                num++;
            }
        }
        supportedTokens = new address[](num);
        indexes = new uint8[](num);
        decimals = new uint8[](num);
        uint8 j = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < 255; i++) {
            if ($._tokens[i+1] != address(0)) {
                supportedTokens[j] = $._tokens[i+1];
                indexes[j] = i+1;
                if (i+1 < 64) {
                    decimals[j] = 6;
                } else if (i+1 < 192) {
                    decimals[j] = 18;
                } else {
                    decimals[j] = $._tokenDecimals[i+1];
                }
                j++;
            }
        }
    }

    /// `reqId` in format of `version:uint8|createdTime:uint40|action:uint8|tokenIndex:uint8|amount:uint64|from:uint8|to:uint8|(TBD):uint112`
    function _versionFrom(bytes32 reqId) internal pure returns (uint8) {
        return uint8(uint256(reqId) >> 248);
    }

    function _createdTimeFrom(bytes32 reqId, bool check) internal view returns (uint256 createdTime) {
        createdTime = uint40(uint256(reqId) >> 208);
        if (check) {
            require(createdTime > block.timestamp - PROPOSE_PERIOD, "createdTime too early");
            require(createdTime < block.timestamp + 1 minutes, "createdTime too late");
        }
    }

    // action:
    //   0x01: lock-mint
    //   0x02: burn-unlock
    //   0x03: burn-mint
    //   0x11: lock-mint (lock & mint to vault)
    //   0x12: burn-unlock (unlock from vault)
    //   0x13: burn-mint (mint to vault)
    function _actionFrom(bytes32 reqId) internal pure returns (uint8 action) {
        action = uint8(uint256(reqId) >> 200);
    }

    function _tokenFrom(bytes32 reqId) internal view returns (address tokenAddr) {
        ReqHelpersStorage storage $ = _getReqHelpersStorage();
        uint8 tokenIndex = uint8(uint256(reqId) >> 192);
        tokenAddr = $._tokens[tokenIndex];
        require(tokenAddr != address(0), "Invalid tokenIndex");
    }

    function _amountFrom(bytes32 reqId) internal view returns (uint256 amount) {
        amount = (uint256(reqId) >> 128) & 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF;
        require(amount > 0, "Amount must be greater than zero");
        uint8 tokenIndex = uint8(uint256(reqId) >> 192);
        if (tokenIndex >= 192) {
            ReqHelpersStorage storage $ = _getReqHelpersStorage();
            uint8 decimals = $._tokenDecimals[tokenIndex];
            if (decimals > 6) {
                amount *= 10 ** (decimals - 6);
            } else {
                amount /= 10 ** (6 - decimals);
            }
        } else if (tokenIndex >= 64) {
            amount *= 1e12;
        }
    }

    function _digestFromReqSigningMessage(bytes32 reqId) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
        uint8 specificAction = _actionFrom(reqId) & 0x0f;
        if (specificAction == 1) {
            return keccak256(abi.encodePacked(
                ETH_SIGN_HEADER, Strings.toString(3 + bytes(BRIDGE_CHANNEL).length + 29 + 66),
                "[", BRIDGE_CHANNEL, "]\n",
                "Sign to execute a lock-mint:\n", Strings.toHexString(uint256(reqId), 32)
            ));
        } else if (specificAction == 2) {
            return keccak256(abi.encodePacked(
                ETH_SIGN_HEADER, Strings.toString(3 + bytes(BRIDGE_CHANNEL).length + 31 + 66),
                "[", BRIDGE_CHANNEL, "]\n",
                "Sign to execute a burn-unlock:\n", Strings.toHexString(uint256(reqId), 32)
            ));
        } else if (specificAction == 3) {
            return keccak256(abi.encodePacked(
                ETH_SIGN_HEADER, Strings.toString(3 + bytes(BRIDGE_CHANNEL).length + 29 + 66),
                "[", BRIDGE_CHANNEL, "]\n",
                "Sign to execute a burn-mint:\n", Strings.toHexString(uint256(reqId), 32)
            ));
        }
        return 0x0;
    }

    modifier fromChainOnly(bytes32 reqId) {
        require(CHAIN == uint8(uint256(reqId) >> 120), "Request not from the current chain");
        _;
    }

    modifier toChainOnly(bytes32 reqId) {
        require(CHAIN == uint8(uint256(reqId) >> 112), "Request not to the current chain");
        _;
    }
}

{
  "optimizer": {
    "enabled": true,
    "runs": 200
  },
  "evmVersion": "paris",
  "viaIR": true,
  "metadata": {
    "bytecodeHash": "none"
  },
  "outputSelection": {
    "*": {
      "*": [
        "evm.bytecode",
        "evm.deployedBytecode",
        "abi"
      ]
    }
  }
}

• No Contract Security Audit Submitted- Submit Audit Here

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,"outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"newVault","type":"address"}],"name":"transferVault","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"delta","type":"uint256"}],"name":"updateMintQuota","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"vault","outputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"","type":"address"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"}]

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-----Decoded View---------------
Arg [0] : minter_ (address): 0xEEacA9948e38a2Bdbb5865646bC0308C9505cbFA
Arg [1] : vault_ (address): 0x000039DdCF1F63Cf3555e62a8D32a11bD1E7E1E1
Arg [2] : name (string): MERL
Arg [3] : symbol (string): MERL
Arg [4] : decimals_ (uint8): 18

-----Encoded View---------------
9 Constructor Arguments found :
Arg [0] : 000000000000000000000000eeaca9948e38a2bdbb5865646bc0308c9505cbfa
Arg [1] : 000000000000000000000000000039ddcf1f63cf3555e62a8d32a11bd1e7e1e1
Arg [2] : 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000a0
Arg [3] : 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e0
Arg [4] : 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000012
Arg [5] : 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000004
Arg [6] : 4d45524c00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
Arg [7] : 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000004
Arg [8] : 4d45524c00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

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