Contract

0x2a3DD3EB832aF982ec71669E178424b10Dca2EDe

Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge

Source Code

Overview

ETH Balance

9,918.914160011737474135 ETH

Eth Value

$32,693,432.80 (@ $3,296.07/ETH)

Token Holdings

More Info

Private Name Tags

Add

ContractCreator

0x7c280C05...1E0B91C7d at txn 0x28f93532243dd8a8cc92ce630ef1920f40de15af7db2903efbf42f21fdf8152c

Multichain Info

$217,750,813.17 (Multichain Portfolio)

Advanced Filter

Latest 25 from a total of 262,263 transactions (+11 Pending)

Transaction Hash	Method	Block		From		To
0x3ae799e33ee24508d01672f0316f64dc8232a47aa9969546fc7a4df7b6504b58	Bridge Asset	(pending)	2024-12-22 14:21:00	16 hrs ago	1734877260	0x3cA12e5D...4f1557426	IN	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	0.0001 ETH$0.33	(Pending)	(Pending)
0xb9198cb112936272c5bc00e16ed9c35bc51358e57c4d890e3a4ed2845f25a463	Bridge Asset	(pending)	2024-12-22 12:20:18	18 hrs ago	1734870018	0xC84FF195...2635a1bF2	IN	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	0.0015 ETH$4.94	(Pending)	(Pending)
0xacbc0c92df05af25f18305c4738354a195a6f9c6ad44ab3094359e5ee7ea9fe9	Bridge Asset	(pending)	2024-12-22 11:11:30	19 hrs ago	1734865890	0x7B7736b9...EFa7be7b4	IN	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	0.001 ETH$3.30	(Pending)	(Pending)
0x52c315f9873707bda67c267f5e19ca1bdf662d1cad7a86d1957fbc331d937555	Bridge Asset	(pending)	2024-12-22 4:28:27	25 hrs ago	1734841707	0x8BC66bc1...8E7Ed38CC	IN	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	0.0005195 ETH$1.71	(Pending)	(Pending)
0x0b85ff2a53ae40df1afe034abbbc3aab3699087f2326b9795bd2479118f7fa49	Bridge Asset	(pending)	2024-12-22 3:40:39	26 hrs ago	1734838839	0x1d973205...0048dcB9F	IN	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	0.04011 ETH$132.21	(Pending)	(Pending)
0x1781cb42bd7c62eb2b6d01a2b6c49359a3405ef6d63d6cbacba5b2f39eb9d11a	Bridge Asset	(pending)	2024-12-22 3:38:15	26 hrs ago	1734838695	0x5de7BacA...E3D16FB0D	IN	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	0.002 ETH$6.59	(Pending)	(Pending)
0xd10e327e63a8f5ca92f3014f6674b542a85db0c9fcec397ba90031233706b406	Bridge Asset	(pending)	2024-12-19 14:32:32	3 days ago	1734618752	0xE3A109f8...5d7853d50	IN	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	0 ETH$0.00	(Pending)	(Pending)
0xf62defdc106c02e9e2f9c22f487779e81d188a84d8a4b9f6ae8cb0d2dd7ea9bc	Claim Asset	(pending)	2024-12-15 10:52:14	7 days ago	1734259934	0x7d1dE8e8...b4e02F197	IN	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	0 ETH$0.00	(Pending)	(Pending)
0xad9e7da0ec5cc3d81753d488425447b89a7a5bf91c1b4a5bc38f53f8956e7e47	Bridge Asset	(pending)	2024-12-09 1:01:16	14 days ago	1733706076	0x8c70b0c3...24C42Ef50	IN	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	0.0008 ETH$2.64	(Pending)	(Pending)
0x39c8d53cdecc5696f927697febad059a1be0d75736a80536af310e3cebe63ad1	Bridge Asset	(pending)	2024-12-07 0:01:26	16 days ago	1733529686	0x13091617...2Aaf734ad	IN	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	0 ETH$0.00	(Pending)	(Pending)
0x3c8c77e87bfe1752f00e78e932536e49fb9df950e05403254672b27a89540fa4	Bridge Asset	(pending)	2024-11-29 8:30:44	23 days ago	1732869044	0x1b7CA5C3...c4e880B45	IN	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	0 ETH$0.00	(Pending)	(Pending)
0x0e2cff10e8079c14ff7139074ce5fc9583bac94c5c7dd6b9936181c77a33adca	Bridge Asset	21462881	2024-12-23 4:44:11	1 hr ago	1734929051	0xC8c1F5f3...DA864ee93	IN	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	0 ETH$0.00	0.00130826	5.63274125
0x07d9efbaf8afb053e4b1a90add41f0739f3a2105614b6903ef3f33cbc3d84492	Bridge Asset	21462842	2024-12-23 4:36:23	1 hr ago	1734928583	0x336F5d9C...bEC35cF5A	IN	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	0.04 ETH$131.84	0.00101991	4.76611497
0xc43e012c499452814ab064ae687a1f4b9aba8b8a9db207a9796c8cc1bdac23da	Claim Asset	21462717	2024-12-23 4:11:11	2 hrs ago	1734927071	0x03Fa87ce...7CC28F9CF	IN	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	0 ETH$0.00	0.00070136	5.74376092
0x762b62f81640bd65791d4a002b8c791930bd5824c0b1c46138af1f5fbb366286	Claim Asset	21462698	2024-12-23 4:07:23	2 hrs ago	1734926843	bruceyg.eth	IN	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	0 ETH$0.00	0.00083979	5.21074092
0x11b3b0187f3c6aaa8059171c065ec987f4f7214f4370b14ae5736484383b1ed2	Claim Asset	21462671	2024-12-23 4:01:59	2 hrs ago	1734926519	0xA28062Bd...63f2b0816	IN	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	0 ETH$0.00	0.00101633	6.82309345
0x988ad42770635951cc68da43da1863a51df32aedc002d7a47e754c0b9272c4d1	Claim Asset	21462460	2024-12-23 3:19:23	3 hrs ago	1734923963	0xB7354d21...b675464C5	IN	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	0 ETH$0.00	0.00130193	10.66222731
0xf5dad5ebcb00163142e4f5e4a193678d5fea9a646f5463205921fd2a7e5690b6	Bridge Asset	21462208	2024-12-23 2:28:23	3 hrs ago	1734920903	0x4c968f6b...a6E75F957	IN	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	0.15 ETH$494.41	0.00113454	5.55434781
0x9e1ff444b4cac17c534b99feee63d50408a176557df7a7b34387ef90a4afa4d5	Claim Asset	21461820	2024-12-23 1:10:23	5 hrs ago	1734916223	0xA28062Bd...63f2b0816	IN	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	0 ETH$0.00	0.00097332	6.51536344
0xf8f138d8f1c06b1eca8841e7a3d51fb33aecb72f0da573e1ff1e72fe6c9304ef	Bridge Asset	21461651	2024-12-23 0:36:35	5 hrs ago	1734914195	0xe6C07AbB...05907fa0e	IN	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	0.003 ETH$9.89	0.00107994	5.33513931
0x84acd8e2a65979cdf28fe24002bb627b47eed054eee4a951a7f1c844df8d4dba	Bridge Asset	21461610	2024-12-23 0:28:11	5 hrs ago	1734913691	0x6F38E6e4...2a56169CF	IN	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	0.00015724 ETH$0.52	0.00143432	6.94909267
0x60af4295faf6e781d8c71d84e75bca579144e6e53ebbf952d61926bbe75ad8c3	Bridge Asset	21461519	2024-12-23 0:09:35	6 hrs ago	1734912575	rabka.eth	IN	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	0.00289716 ETH$9.55	0.00092158	4.4
0xe8e3bb48e091890856ac5ec7207e5d92ab7535597b9ab60a87a3863b48d7e0ff	Bridge Asset	21461445	2024-12-22 23:54:47	6 hrs ago	1734911687	0xe6C07AbB...05907fa0e	IN	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	0.03005323 ETH$99.06	0.00088064	4.31134107
0xe41a29eacf389b484f430efbc92a3d12aac0e5c999858de900a138d7b7618547	Bridge Asset	21461411	2024-12-22 23:47:47	6 hrs ago	1734911267	0xe6C07AbB...05907fa0e	IN	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	0 ETH$0.00	0.00123699	5.11344607
0x2860dcfb18035ed65c3fc5e137ec5772716a1247122491b5040bef57af5d543f	Bridge Asset	21461380	2024-12-22 23:41:23	6 hrs ago	1734910883	0xBE6D88dc...A8B288037	IN	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	0.0138 ETH$45.49	0.00102506	5.06400017

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Latest 25 internal transactions (View All)

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Parent Transaction Hash	Block		From		To
0xc43e012c499452814ab064ae687a1f4b9aba8b8a9db207a9796c8cc1bdac23da	21462717	2024-12-23 4:11:11	2 hrs ago	1734927071	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	0x03Fa87ce...7CC28F9CF	0.28025821 ETH$923.75
0x11b3b0187f3c6aaa8059171c065ec987f4f7214f4370b14ae5736484383b1ed2	21462671	2024-12-23 4:01:59	2 hrs ago	1734926519	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	0xE0A7052E...5C9C1479A	0.00296859 ETH$9.78
0x988ad42770635951cc68da43da1863a51df32aedc002d7a47e754c0b9272c4d1	21462460	2024-12-23 3:19:23	3 hrs ago	1734923963	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	0xB7354d21...b675464C5	0.07281477 ETH$240.00
0x9e1ff444b4cac17c534b99feee63d50408a176557df7a7b34387ef90a4afa4d5	21461820	2024-12-23 1:10:23	5 hrs ago	1734916223	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	0x07646FDe...66893CA34	0.02503349 ETH$82.51
0x61b21ffd1fbf7cc665774b1fc87a217bf508051eae1a9a1529fea0b9c8543dea	21460712	2024-12-22 21:26:35	8 hrs ago	1734902795	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	0x5f83c203...6471127eE	11.00245094 ETH$36,264.85
0x519d398f32dc4a00df8d92458a0b73e495ca72cd888ce5f643547e55d0e85078	21460706	2024-12-22 21:25:23	8 hrs ago	1734902723	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	krokmeskouilles.eth	0.03947481 ETH$130.11
0x6638c12c02370ca910bf5e6c3481438254567300a4dc3d8ea770483625552ea2	21460395	2024-12-22 20:22:47	9 hrs ago	1734898967	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	0x7B770D0A...bd7e585D6	0.02910315 ETH$95.93
0x6a44ee51568e091e8d5c7a3c809b29e962342de9a9d3de2bfc0613294b99c5c1	21459259	2024-12-22 16:34:11	13 hrs ago	1734885251	0x000000d1...5000fC900	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	0.001 ETH$3.30
0x71078454de51f5b267ef8f3b2a71059bd7dfda6c0bea47536f684e7a00c2cdd3	21458564	2024-12-22 14:14:23	16 hrs ago	1734876863	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	0x4bF2CC9c...F0D072506	0.00697 ETH$22.97
0x46ef4c72214c2d29f399a5d95eda9640324d57109e9c16103b009f31dd853912	21457216	2024-12-22 9:43:11	20 hrs ago	1734860591	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	0x30Fa6043...C08f9cE8D	0.0246597 ETH$81.28
0x8e12022bf2850355ec61f05d2050c3efbef78ef1a041c7055d00dd5a3574758e	21457011	2024-12-22 9:01:47	21 hrs ago	1734858107	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	0x6eD76abC...C2CB25246	0.012 ETH$39.55
0x27c6e19a82497bbd8327bd22181318ff383afc65cdc5cb59661240bbe7a29468	21455755	2024-12-22 4:49:35	25 hrs ago	1734842975	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	0x383f348a...484b5C713	0.01465678 ETH$48.31
0xaf602a2516da24121304f3d44e3a1e51261c1d0ec60cf31ef82011bb0d920f52	21454627	2024-12-22 1:02:47	29 hrs ago	1734829367	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	0xcD245c5D...598587FD3	0.00317669 ETH$10.47
0xb59f8d077ffec7a8cb35d8132f4be8394a7c847a090066cc94d87a4cc90bd2a0	21453456	2024-12-21 21:06:35	33 hrs ago	1734815195	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	0x936c13dD...4905f42F5	0.28078785 ETH$925.50
0x4b3d766aa7f413a6728a36ffb1cf485c878f49796eecc6f36cd48a51ffa80554	21452310	2024-12-21 17:14:47	37 hrs ago	1734801287	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	0xD74deF7f...7D31Fb93e	0.013 ETH$42.85
0xdd926f1c93ca5ff15adcd69a124c561e4407837b6f1b71a7ffb48c40b477ca01	21451828	2024-12-21 15:37:59	38 hrs ago	1734795479	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	0x8F1aDCbB...5f95A42f1	0.00714967 ETH$23.57
0x5955dbbd49ecc853095edc1e7599659de66a000d73493474bd40450514aed1de	21451542	2024-12-21 14:40:35	39 hrs ago	1734792035	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	0x501079b0...e8c5dE47B	0.00852819 ETH$28.11
0x20fe0eb82b5a2ce3eb0830120e02694082b0cc69d8e0366a6cbd5632e9375757	21451317	2024-12-21 13:55:35	40 hrs ago	1734789335	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	0x1Ed4437a...54AeC2882	0.38199757 ETH$1,259.09
0xab4bc90686c8a635f91631cbdfd9849e5bb35c03cdcb1ddd8c115ff90401dbc0	21450884	2024-12-21 12:28:11	41 hrs ago	1734784091	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	0xD3E661A9...6332CEba0	0.00444979 ETH$14.67
0x0bff805d91c612bdfbbe3b5aea679b27d567d657ab0b8c6c5967b61d558ce6fe	21450765	2024-12-21 12:04:23	42 hrs ago	1734782663	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	wangjieshengtianxidy.eth	0.01316972 ETH$43.41
0x5dd288175dfe9eaf8844092900d3cc25a73a08cab3898fff6790c43f3ae783c3	21450285	2024-12-21 10:28:11	43 hrs ago	1734776891	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	0xe42FC69F...c22aF4dfD	0.00399773 ETH$13.18
0x4e2076101f0ef37b5d7594377a7a713d7205462ed32645486c92f05372e69f4e	21450257	2024-12-21 10:22:35	43 hrs ago	1734776555	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	0x8Eac8B01...1793fd764	0.00918522 ETH$30.28
0x2de0bae29533c016eb2788212bb884caceaf1c28bf6b6b1c874b4da0c16833fb	21450087	2024-12-21 9:48:35	44 hrs ago	1734774515	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	0x501079b0...e8c5dE47B	0.00929286 ETH$30.63
0x458579340e56c2addf63f50bd4e53313473f460f8640ca532e64c97e6fc5e9bc	21449999	2024-12-21 9:30:59	44 hrs ago	1734773459	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	0x2E1b1C69...E2E711300	0.10637 ETH$350.60
0x30280a07c3fd73cd1023f873d4c5c4bf67e26e290cb2fce1791cb2299144369d	21448764	2024-12-21 5:22:11	2 days ago	1734758531	Polygon (Matic): zkEVM Bridge	0x816b6B0E...5bA654418	0.00002391 ETH$0.08

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Similar Match Source Code
This contract matches the deployed Bytecode of the Source Code for Contract 0xdE86327f...3534c2582
The constructor portion of the code might be different and could alter the actual behaviour of the contract

Contract Name:

TransparentUpgradeableProxy

Compiler Version

v0.8.17+commit.8df45f5f

Optimization Enabled:

Yes with 999999 runs

Other Settings:

default evmVersion

Contract Source Code (Solidity)

IDE

/**
 *Submitted for verification at Etherscan.io on 2023-01-05
*/

// Sources flattened with hardhat v2.9.9 https://hardhat.org

// File interfaces/IInterchainGasPaymaster.sol

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity >=0.6.11;

/**
 * @title IInterchainGasPaymaster
 * @notice Manages payments on a source chain to cover gas costs of relaying
 * messages to destination chains.
 */
interface IInterchainGasPaymaster {
    function payForGas(
        bytes32 _messageId,
        uint32 _destinationDomain,
        uint256 _gas,
        address _refundAddress
    ) external payable;
}


// File interfaces/IInterchainSecurityModule.sol


pragma solidity >=0.6.11;

interface IInterchainSecurityModule {
    /**
     * @notice Returns an enum that represents the type of security model
     * encoded by this ISM.
     * @dev Relayers infer how to fetch and format metadata.
     */
    function moduleType() external view returns (uint8);

    /**
     * @notice Defines a security model responsible for verifying interchain
     * messages based on the provided metadata.
     * @param _metadata Off-chain metadata provided by a relayer, specific to
     * the security model encoded by the module (e.g. validator signatures)
     * @param _message Hyperlane encoded interchain message
     * @return True if the message was verified
     */
    function verify(bytes calldata _metadata, bytes calldata _message)
        external
        returns (bool);
}

interface ISpecifiesInterchainSecurityModule {
    function interchainSecurityModule()
        external
        view
        returns (IInterchainSecurityModule);
}


// File interfaces/IMailbox.sol


pragma solidity >=0.8.0;

interface IMailbox {
    function localDomain() external view returns (uint32);

    function dispatch(
        uint32 _destinationDomain,
        bytes32 _recipientAddress,
        bytes calldata _messageBody
    ) external returns (bytes32);

    function process(bytes calldata _metadata, bytes calldata _message)
        external;

    function count() external view returns (uint32);

    function root() external view returns (bytes32);

    function latestCheckpoint() external view returns (bytes32, uint32);

    function recipientIsm(address _recipient)
        external
        view
        returns (IInterchainSecurityModule);
}


// File @openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/utils/[email protected]


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.8.0) (utils/Address.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.1;

/**
 * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
 */
library AddressUpgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract.
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this function returns
     * false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a contract.
     *
     * Among others, `isContract` will return false for the following
     * types of addresses:
     *
     *  - an externally-owned account
     *  - a contract in construction
     *  - an address where a contract will be created
     *  - an address where a contract lived, but was destroyed
     * ====
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * You shouldn't rely on `isContract` to protect against flash loan attacks!
     *
     * Preventing calls from contracts is highly discouraged. It breaks composability, breaks support for smart wallets
     * like Gnosis Safe, and does not provide security since it can be circumvented by calling from a contract
     * constructor.
     * ====
     */
    function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) {
        // This method relies on extcodesize/address.code.length, which returns 0
        // for contracts in construction, since the code is only stored at the end
        // of the constructor execution.

        return account.code.length > 0;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
     * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
     *
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
     * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
     * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
     * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
     *
     * https://diligence.consensys.net/posts/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
     *
     * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
     * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
     * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
     * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.5.11/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
     */
    function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
        require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Address: insufficient balance");

        (bool success, ) = recipient.call{value: amount}("");
        require(success, "Address: unable to send value, recipient may have reverted");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A
     * plain `call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this
     * function instead.
     *
     * If `target` reverts with a revert reason, it is bubbled up by this
     * function (like regular Solidity function calls).
     *
     * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value,
     * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`].
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `target` must be a contract.
     * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, "Address: low-level call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], but with
     * `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`.
     * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        uint256 value
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, "Address: low-level call with value failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCallWithValue-address-bytes-uint256-}[`functionCallWithValue`], but
     * with `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        uint256 value,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        require(address(this).balance >= value, "Address: insufficient balance for call");
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{value: value}(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionStaticCall(target, data, "Address: low-level static call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call to smart-contract was successful, and revert (either by bubbling
     * the revert reason or using the provided one) in case of unsuccessful call or if target was not a contract.
     *
     * _Available since v4.8._
     */
    function verifyCallResultFromTarget(
        address target,
        bool success,
        bytes memory returndata,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        if (success) {
            if (returndata.length == 0) {
                // only check isContract if the call was successful and the return data is empty
                // otherwise we already know that it was a contract
                require(isContract(target), "Address: call to non-contract");
            }
            return returndata;
        } else {
            _revert(returndata, errorMessage);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call was successful, and revert if it wasn't, either by bubbling the
     * revert reason or using the provided one.
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function verifyCallResult(
        bool success,
        bytes memory returndata,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
        if (success) {
            return returndata;
        } else {
            _revert(returndata, errorMessage);
        }
    }

    function _revert(bytes memory returndata, string memory errorMessage) private pure {
        // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present
        if (returndata.length > 0) {
            // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
                revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
            }
        } else {
            revert(errorMessage);
        }
    }
}


// File @openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/proxy/utils/[email protected]


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.8.0) (proxy/utils/Initializable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.2;

/**
 * @dev This is a base contract to aid in writing upgradeable contracts, or any kind of contract that will be deployed
 * behind a proxy. Since proxied contracts do not make use of a constructor, it's common to move constructor logic to an
 * external initializer function, usually called `initialize`. It then becomes necessary to protect this initializer
 * function so it can only be called once. The {initializer} modifier provided by this contract will have this effect.
 *
 * The initialization functions use a version number. Once a version number is used, it is consumed and cannot be
 * reused. This mechanism prevents re-execution of each "step" but allows the creation of new initialization steps in
 * case an upgrade adds a module that needs to be initialized.
 *
 * For example:
 *
 * [.hljs-theme-light.nopadding]
 * ```
 * contract MyToken is ERC20Upgradeable {
 *     function initialize() initializer public {
 *         __ERC20_init("MyToken", "MTK");
 *     }
 * }
 * contract MyTokenV2 is MyToken, ERC20PermitUpgradeable {
 *     function initializeV2() reinitializer(2) public {
 *         __ERC20Permit_init("MyToken");
 *     }
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * TIP: To avoid leaving the proxy in an uninitialized state, the initializer function should be called as early as
 * possible by providing the encoded function call as the `_data` argument to {ERC1967Proxy-constructor}.
 *
 * CAUTION: When used with inheritance, manual care must be taken to not invoke a parent initializer twice, or to ensure
 * that all initializers are idempotent. This is not verified automatically as constructors are by Solidity.
 *
 * [CAUTION]
 * ====
 * Avoid leaving a contract uninitialized.
 *
 * An uninitialized contract can be taken over by an attacker. This applies to both a proxy and its implementation
 * contract, which may impact the proxy. To prevent the implementation contract from being used, you should invoke
 * the {_disableInitializers} function in the constructor to automatically lock it when it is deployed:
 *
 * [.hljs-theme-light.nopadding]
 * ```
 * /// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow constructor
 * constructor() {
 *     _disableInitializers();
 * }
 * ```
 * ====
 */
abstract contract Initializable {
    /**
     * @dev Indicates that the contract has been initialized.
     * @custom:oz-retyped-from bool
     */
    uint8 private _initialized;

    /**
     * @dev Indicates that the contract is in the process of being initialized.
     */
    bool private _initializing;

    /**
     * @dev Triggered when the contract has been initialized or reinitialized.
     */
    event Initialized(uint8 version);

    /**
     * @dev A modifier that defines a protected initializer function that can be invoked at most once. In its scope,
     * `onlyInitializing` functions can be used to initialize parent contracts.
     *
     * Similar to `reinitializer(1)`, except that functions marked with `initializer` can be nested in the context of a
     * constructor.
     *
     * Emits an {Initialized} event.
     */
    modifier initializer() {
        bool isTopLevelCall = !_initializing;
        require(
            (isTopLevelCall && _initialized < 1) || (!AddressUpgradeable.isContract(address(this)) && _initialized == 1),
            "Initializable: contract is already initialized"
        );
        _initialized = 1;
        if (isTopLevelCall) {
            _initializing = true;
        }
        _;
        if (isTopLevelCall) {
            _initializing = false;
            emit Initialized(1);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev A modifier that defines a protected reinitializer function that can be invoked at most once, and only if the
     * contract hasn't been initialized to a greater version before. In its scope, `onlyInitializing` functions can be
     * used to initialize parent contracts.
     *
     * A reinitializer may be used after the original initialization step. This is essential to configure modules that
     * are added through upgrades and that require initialization.
     *
     * When `version` is 1, this modifier is similar to `initializer`, except that functions marked with `reinitializer`
     * cannot be nested. If one is invoked in the context of another, execution will revert.
     *
     * Note that versions can jump in increments greater than 1; this implies that if multiple reinitializers coexist in
     * a contract, executing them in the right order is up to the developer or operator.
     *
     * WARNING: setting the version to 255 will prevent any future reinitialization.
     *
     * Emits an {Initialized} event.
     */
    modifier reinitializer(uint8 version) {
        require(!_initializing && _initialized < version, "Initializable: contract is already initialized");
        _initialized = version;
        _initializing = true;
        _;
        _initializing = false;
        emit Initialized(version);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Modifier to protect an initialization function so that it can only be invoked by functions with the
     * {initializer} and {reinitializer} modifiers, directly or indirectly.
     */
    modifier onlyInitializing() {
        require(_initializing, "Initializable: contract is not initializing");
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Locks the contract, preventing any future reinitialization. This cannot be part of an initializer call.
     * Calling this in the constructor of a contract will prevent that contract from being initialized or reinitialized
     * to any version. It is recommended to use this to lock implementation contracts that are designed to be called
     * through proxies.
     *
     * Emits an {Initialized} event the first time it is successfully executed.
     */
    function _disableInitializers() internal virtual {
        require(!_initializing, "Initializable: contract is initializing");
        if (_initialized < type(uint8).max) {
            _initialized = type(uint8).max;
            emit Initialized(type(uint8).max);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Internal function that returns the initialized version. Returns `_initialized`
     */
    function _getInitializedVersion() internal view returns (uint8) {
        return _initialized;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Internal function that returns the initialized version. Returns `_initializing`
     */
    function _isInitializing() internal view returns (bool) {
        return _initializing;
    }
}


// File @openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/utils/[email protected]


// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/Context.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
 * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
 * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
 * manner, since when dealing with meta-transactions the account sending and
 * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
 * is concerned).
 *
 * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
 */
abstract contract ContextUpgradeable is Initializable {
    function __Context_init() internal onlyInitializing {
    }

    function __Context_init_unchained() internal onlyInitializing {
    }
    function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address) {
        return msg.sender;
    }

    function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes calldata) {
        return msg.data;
    }

    /**
     * @dev This empty reserved space is put in place to allow future versions to add new
     * variables without shifting down storage in the inheritance chain.
     * See https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/upgradeable#storage_gaps
     */
    uint256[50] private __gap;
}


// File @openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/access/[email protected]


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (access/Ownable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;


/**
 * @dev Contract module which provides a basic access control mechanism, where
 * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
 * specific functions.
 *
 * By default, the owner account will be the one that deploys the contract. This
 * can later be changed with {transferOwnership}.
 *
 * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the modifier
 * `onlyOwner`, which can be applied to your functions to restrict their use to
 * the owner.
 */
abstract contract OwnableUpgradeable is Initializable, ContextUpgradeable {
    address private _owner;

    event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract setting the deployer as the initial owner.
     */
    function __Ownable_init() internal onlyInitializing {
        __Ownable_init_unchained();
    }

    function __Ownable_init_unchained() internal onlyInitializing {
        _transferOwnership(_msgSender());
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
     */
    modifier onlyOwner() {
        _checkOwner();
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address of the current owner.
     */
    function owner() public view virtual returns (address) {
        return _owner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if the sender is not the owner.
     */
    function _checkOwner() internal view virtual {
        require(owner() == _msgSender(), "Ownable: caller is not the owner");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Leaves the contract without owner. It will not be possible to call
     * `onlyOwner` functions anymore. Can only be called by the current owner.
     *
     * NOTE: Renouncing ownership will leave the contract without an owner,
     * thereby removing any functionality that is only available to the owner.
     */
    function renounceOwnership() public virtual onlyOwner {
        _transferOwnership(address(0));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Can only be called by the current owner.
     */
    function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual onlyOwner {
        require(newOwner != address(0), "Ownable: new owner is the zero address");
        _transferOwnership(newOwner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     */
    function _transferOwnership(address newOwner) internal virtual {
        address oldOwner = _owner;
        _owner = newOwner;
        emit OwnershipTransferred(oldOwner, newOwner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev This empty reserved space is put in place to allow future versions to add new
     * variables without shifting down storage in the inheritance chain.
     * See https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/upgradeable#storage_gaps
     */
    uint256[49] private __gap;
}


// File @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/[email protected]


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.8.0) (utils/Address.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.1;

/**
 * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
 */
library Address {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract.
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this function returns
     * false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a contract.
     *
     * Among others, `isContract` will return false for the following
     * types of addresses:
     *
     *  - an externally-owned account
     *  - a contract in construction
     *  - an address where a contract will be created
     *  - an address where a contract lived, but was destroyed
     * ====
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * You shouldn't rely on `isContract` to protect against flash loan attacks!
     *
     * Preventing calls from contracts is highly discouraged. It breaks composability, breaks support for smart wallets
     * like Gnosis Safe, and does not provide security since it can be circumvented by calling from a contract
     * constructor.
     * ====
     */
    function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) {
        // This method relies on extcodesize/address.code.length, which returns 0
        // for contracts in construction, since the code is only stored at the end
        // of the constructor execution.

        return account.code.length > 0;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
     * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
     *
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
     * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
     * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
     * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
     *
     * https://diligence.consensys.net/posts/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
     *
     * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
     * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
     * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
     * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.5.11/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
     */
    function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
        require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Address: insufficient balance");

        (bool success, ) = recipient.call{value: amount}("");
        require(success, "Address: unable to send value, recipient may have reverted");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A
     * plain `call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this
     * function instead.
     *
     * If `target` reverts with a revert reason, it is bubbled up by this
     * function (like regular Solidity function calls).
     *
     * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value,
     * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`].
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `target` must be a contract.
     * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, "Address: low-level call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], but with
     * `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`.
     * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        uint256 value
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, "Address: low-level call with value failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCallWithValue-address-bytes-uint256-}[`functionCallWithValue`], but
     * with `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        uint256 value,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        require(address(this).balance >= value, "Address: insufficient balance for call");
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{value: value}(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionStaticCall(target, data, "Address: low-level static call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionDelegateCall(target, data, "Address: low-level delegate call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.delegatecall(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call to smart-contract was successful, and revert (either by bubbling
     * the revert reason or using the provided one) in case of unsuccessful call or if target was not a contract.
     *
     * _Available since v4.8._
     */
    function verifyCallResultFromTarget(
        address target,
        bool success,
        bytes memory returndata,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        if (success) {
            if (returndata.length == 0) {
                // only check isContract if the call was successful and the return data is empty
                // otherwise we already know that it was a contract
                require(isContract(target), "Address: call to non-contract");
            }
            return returndata;
        } else {
            _revert(returndata, errorMessage);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call was successful, and revert if it wasn't, either by bubbling the
     * revert reason or using the provided one.
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function verifyCallResult(
        bool success,
        bytes memory returndata,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
        if (success) {
            return returndata;
        } else {
            _revert(returndata, errorMessage);
        }
    }

    function _revert(bytes memory returndata, string memory errorMessage) private pure {
        // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present
        if (returndata.length > 0) {
            // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
                revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
            }
        } else {
            revert(errorMessage);
        }
    }
}


// File contracts/HyperlaneConnectionClient.sol


pragma solidity >=0.6.11;

// ============ Internal Imports ============



// ============ External Imports ============


abstract contract HyperlaneConnectionClient is
    OwnableUpgradeable,
    ISpecifiesInterchainSecurityModule
{
    // ============ Mutable Storage ============

    IMailbox public mailbox;
    // Interchain Gas Paymaster contract. The relayer associated with this contract
    // must be willing to relay messages dispatched from the current Mailbox contract,
    // otherwise payments made to the paymaster will not result in relayed messages.
    IInterchainGasPaymaster public interchainGasPaymaster;

    IInterchainSecurityModule public interchainSecurityModule;

    uint256[48] private __GAP; // gap for upgrade safety

    // ============ Events ============
    /**
     * @notice Emitted when a new mailbox is set.
     * @param mailbox The address of the mailbox contract
     */
    event MailboxSet(address indexed mailbox);

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when a new Interchain Gas Paymaster is set.
     * @param interchainGasPaymaster The address of the Interchain Gas Paymaster.
     */
    event InterchainGasPaymasterSet(address indexed interchainGasPaymaster);

    event InterchainSecurityModuleSet(address indexed module);

    // ============ Modifiers ============

    /**
     * @notice Only accept messages from an Hyperlane Mailbox contract
     */
    modifier onlyMailbox() {
        require(msg.sender == address(mailbox), "!mailbox");
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Only accept addresses that at least have contract code
     */
    modifier onlyContract(address _contract) {
        require(Address.isContract(_contract), "!contract");
        _;
    }

    // ======== Initializer =========

    function __HyperlaneConnectionClient_initialize(address _mailbox)
        internal
        onlyInitializing
    {
        _setMailbox(_mailbox);
        __Ownable_init();
    }

    function __HyperlaneConnectionClient_initialize(
        address _mailbox,
        address _interchainGasPaymaster
    ) internal onlyInitializing {
        _setInterchainGasPaymaster(_interchainGasPaymaster);
        __HyperlaneConnectionClient_initialize(_mailbox);
    }

    function __HyperlaneConnectionClient_initialize(
        address _mailbox,
        address _interchainGasPaymaster,
        address _interchainSecurityModule
    ) internal onlyInitializing {
        _setInterchainSecurityModule(_interchainSecurityModule);
        __HyperlaneConnectionClient_initialize(
            _mailbox,
            _interchainGasPaymaster
        );
    }

    // ============ External functions ============

    /**
     * @notice Sets the address of the application's Mailbox.
     * @param _mailbox The address of the Mailbox contract.
     */
    function setMailbox(address _mailbox) external virtual onlyOwner {
        _setMailbox(_mailbox);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Sets the address of the application's InterchainGasPaymaster.
     * @param _interchainGasPaymaster The address of the InterchainGasPaymaster contract.
     */
    function setInterchainGasPaymaster(address _interchainGasPaymaster)
        external
        virtual
        onlyOwner
    {
        _setInterchainGasPaymaster(_interchainGasPaymaster);
    }

    function setInterchainSecurityModule(address _module)
        external
        virtual
        onlyOwner
    {
        _setInterchainSecurityModule(_module);
    }

    // ============ Internal functions ============

    /**
     * @notice Sets the address of the application's InterchainGasPaymaster.
     * @param _interchainGasPaymaster The address of the InterchainGasPaymaster contract.
     */
    function _setInterchainGasPaymaster(address _interchainGasPaymaster)
        internal
        onlyContract(_interchainGasPaymaster)
    {
        interchainGasPaymaster = IInterchainGasPaymaster(
            _interchainGasPaymaster
        );
        emit InterchainGasPaymasterSet(_interchainGasPaymaster);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Modify the contract the Application uses to validate Mailbox contracts
     * @param _mailbox The address of the mailbox contract
     */
    function _setMailbox(address _mailbox) internal onlyContract(_mailbox) {
        mailbox = IMailbox(_mailbox);
        emit MailboxSet(_mailbox);
    }

    function _setInterchainSecurityModule(address _module)
        internal
        onlyContract(_module)
    {
        interchainSecurityModule = IInterchainSecurityModule(_module);
        emit InterchainSecurityModuleSet(_module);
    }
}


// File contracts/InterchainGasPaymaster.sol


pragma solidity >=0.8.0;

// ============ Internal Imports ============

// ============ External Imports ============

/**
 * @title InterchainGasPaymaster
 * @notice Manages payments on a source chain to cover gas costs of relaying
 * messages to destination chains.
 */
contract InterchainGasPaymaster is IInterchainGasPaymaster, OwnableUpgradeable {
    // ============ Events ============

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when a payment is made for a message's gas costs.
     * @param messageId The ID of the message to pay for.
     * @param gasAmount The amount of destination gas paid for.
     * @param payment The amount of native tokens paid.
     */
    event GasPayment(
        bytes32 indexed messageId,
        uint256 gasAmount,
        uint256 payment
    );

    // ============ Constructor ============

    // solhint-disable-next-line no-empty-blocks
    constructor() {
        initialize(); // allows contract to be used without proxying
    }

    // ============ External Functions ============

    function initialize() public initializer {
        __Ownable_init();
    }

    /**
     * @notice Deposits msg.value as a payment for the relaying of a message
     * to its destination chain.
     * @param _messageId The ID of the message to pay for.
     * @param _destinationDomain The domain of the message's destination chain.
     * @param _gasAmount The amount of destination gas to pay for. Currently unused.
     * @param _refundAddress The address to refund any overpayment to. Currently unused.
     */
    function payForGas(
        bytes32 _messageId,
        uint32 _destinationDomain,
        uint256 _gasAmount,
        address _refundAddress
    ) external payable override {
        // Silence compiler warning. The NatSpec @param requires the parameter to be named.
        // While not used at the moment, future versions of the paymaster have behavior specific
        // to the destination domain and refund overpayments to the _refundAddress.
        _destinationDomain;
        _refundAddress;

        emit GasPayment(_messageId, _gasAmount, msg.value);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Transfers the entire native token balance to the owner of the contract.
     * @dev The owner must be able to receive native tokens.
     */
    function claim() external {
        // Transfer the entire balance to owner.
        (bool success, ) = owner().call{value: address(this).balance}("");
        require(success, "!transfer");
    }
}


// File @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/[email protected]


// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/Context.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
 * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
 * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
 * manner, since when dealing with meta-transactions the account sending and
 * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
 * is concerned).
 *
 * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
 */
abstract contract Context {
    function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address) {
        return msg.sender;
    }

    function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes calldata) {
        return msg.data;
    }
}


// File @openzeppelin/contracts/access/[email protected]


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (access/Ownable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Contract module which provides a basic access control mechanism, where
 * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
 * specific functions.
 *
 * By default, the owner account will be the one that deploys the contract. This
 * can later be changed with {transferOwnership}.
 *
 * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the modifier
 * `onlyOwner`, which can be applied to your functions to restrict their use to
 * the owner.
 */
abstract contract Ownable is Context {
    address private _owner;

    event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract setting the deployer as the initial owner.
     */
    constructor() {
        _transferOwnership(_msgSender());
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
     */
    modifier onlyOwner() {
        _checkOwner();
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address of the current owner.
     */
    function owner() public view virtual returns (address) {
        return _owner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if the sender is not the owner.
     */
    function _checkOwner() internal view virtual {
        require(owner() == _msgSender(), "Ownable: caller is not the owner");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Leaves the contract without owner. It will not be possible to call
     * `onlyOwner` functions anymore. Can only be called by the current owner.
     *
     * NOTE: Renouncing ownership will leave the contract without an owner,
     * thereby removing any functionality that is only available to the owner.
     */
    function renounceOwnership() public virtual onlyOwner {
        _transferOwnership(address(0));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Can only be called by the current owner.
     */
    function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual onlyOwner {
        require(newOwner != address(0), "Ownable: new owner is the zero address");
        _transferOwnership(newOwner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     */
    function _transferOwnership(address newOwner) internal virtual {
        address oldOwner = _owner;
        _owner = newOwner;
        emit OwnershipTransferred(oldOwner, newOwner);
    }
}


// File @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/math/[email protected]


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.8.0) (utils/math/Math.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Standard math utilities missing in the Solidity language.
 */
library Math {
    enum Rounding {
        Down, // Toward negative infinity
        Up, // Toward infinity
        Zero // Toward zero
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the largest of two numbers.
     */
    function max(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a > b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the smallest of two numbers.
     */
    function min(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a < b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the average of two numbers. The result is rounded towards
     * zero.
     */
    function average(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // (a + b) / 2 can overflow.
        return (a & b) + (a ^ b) / 2;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the ceiling of the division of two numbers.
     *
     * This differs from standard division with `/` in that it rounds up instead
     * of rounding down.
     */
    function ceilDiv(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // (a + b - 1) / b can overflow on addition, so we distribute.
        return a == 0 ? 0 : (a - 1) / b + 1;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates floor(x * y / denominator) with full precision. Throws if result overflows a uint256 or denominator == 0
     * @dev Original credit to Remco Bloemen under MIT license (https://xn--2-umb.com/21/muldiv)
     * with further edits by Uniswap Labs also under MIT license.
     */
    function mulDiv(
        uint256 x,
        uint256 y,
        uint256 denominator
    ) internal pure returns (uint256 result) {
        unchecked {
            // 512-bit multiply [prod1 prod0] = x * y. Compute the product mod 2^256 and mod 2^256 - 1, then use
            // use the Chinese Remainder Theorem to reconstruct the 512 bit result. The result is stored in two 256
            // variables such that product = prod1 * 2^256 + prod0.
            uint256 prod0; // Least significant 256 bits of the product
            uint256 prod1; // Most significant 256 bits of the product
            assembly {
                let mm := mulmod(x, y, not(0))
                prod0 := mul(x, y)
                prod1 := sub(sub(mm, prod0), lt(mm, prod0))
            }

            // Handle non-overflow cases, 256 by 256 division.
            if (prod1 == 0) {
                return prod0 / denominator;
            }

            // Make sure the result is less than 2^256. Also prevents denominator == 0.
            require(denominator > prod1);

            ///////////////////////////////////////////////
            // 512 by 256 division.
            ///////////////////////////////////////////////

            // Make division exact by subtracting the remainder from [prod1 prod0].
            uint256 remainder;
            assembly {
                // Compute remainder using mulmod.
                remainder := mulmod(x, y, denominator)

                // Subtract 256 bit number from 512 bit number.
                prod1 := sub(prod1, gt(remainder, prod0))
                prod0 := sub(prod0, remainder)
            }

            // Factor powers of two out of denominator and compute largest power of two divisor of denominator. Always >= 1.
            // See https://cs.stackexchange.com/q/138556/92363.

            // Does not overflow because the denominator cannot be zero at this stage in the function.
            uint256 twos = denominator & (~denominator + 1);
            assembly {
                // Divide denominator by twos.
                denominator := div(denominator, twos)

                // Divide [prod1 prod0] by twos.
                prod0 := div(prod0, twos)

                // Flip twos such that it is 2^256 / twos. If twos is zero, then it becomes one.
                twos := add(div(sub(0, twos), twos), 1)
            }

            // Shift in bits from prod1 into prod0.
            prod0 |= prod1 * twos;

            // Invert denominator mod 2^256. Now that denominator is an odd number, it has an inverse modulo 2^256 such
            // that denominator * inv = 1 mod 2^256. Compute the inverse by starting with a seed that is correct for
            // four bits. That is, denominator * inv = 1 mod 2^4.
            uint256 inverse = (3 * denominator) ^ 2;

            // Use the Newton-Raphson iteration to improve the precision. Thanks to Hensel's lifting lemma, this also works
            // in modular arithmetic, doubling the correct bits in each step.
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^8
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^16
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^32
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^64
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^128
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^256

            // Because the division is now exact we can divide by multiplying with the modular inverse of denominator.
            // This will give us the correct result modulo 2^256. Since the preconditions guarantee that the outcome is
            // less than 2^256, this is the final result. We don't need to compute the high bits of the result and prod1
            // is no longer required.
            result = prod0 * inverse;
            return result;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates x * y / denominator with full precision, following the selected rounding direction.
     */
    function mulDiv(
        uint256 x,
        uint256 y,
        uint256 denominator,
        Rounding rounding
    ) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = mulDiv(x, y, denominator);
        if (rounding == Rounding.Up && mulmod(x, y, denominator) > 0) {
            result += 1;
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the square root of a number. If the number is not a perfect square, the value is rounded down.
     *
     * Inspired by Henry S. Warren, Jr.'s "Hacker's Delight" (Chapter 11).
     */
    function sqrt(uint256 a) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        if (a == 0) {
            return 0;
        }

        // For our first guess, we get the biggest power of 2 which is smaller than the square root of the target.
        //
        // We know that the "msb" (most significant bit) of our target number `a` is a power of 2 such that we have
        // `msb(a) <= a < 2*msb(a)`. This value can be written `msb(a)=2**k` with `k=log2(a)`.
        //
        // This can be rewritten `2**log2(a) <= a < 2**(log2(a) + 1)`
        // → `sqrt(2**k) <= sqrt(a) < sqrt(2**(k+1))`
        // → `2**(k/2) <= sqrt(a) < 2**((k+1)/2) <= 2**(k/2 + 1)`
        //
        // Consequently, `2**(log2(a) / 2)` is a good first approximation of `sqrt(a)` with at least 1 correct bit.
        uint256 result = 1 << (log2(a) >> 1);

        // At this point `result` is an estimation with one bit of precision. We know the true value is a uint128,
        // since it is the square root of a uint256. Newton's method converges quadratically (precision doubles at
        // every iteration). We thus need at most 7 iteration to turn our partial result with one bit of precision
        // into the expected uint128 result.
        unchecked {
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            return min(result, a / result);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates sqrt(a), following the selected rounding direction.
     */
    function sqrt(uint256 a, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = sqrt(a);
            return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && result * result < a ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 2, rounded down, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log2(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >> 128 > 0) {
                value >>= 128;
                result += 128;
            }
            if (value >> 64 > 0) {
                value >>= 64;
                result += 64;
            }
            if (value >> 32 > 0) {
                value >>= 32;
                result += 32;
            }
            if (value >> 16 > 0) {
                value >>= 16;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >> 8 > 0) {
                value >>= 8;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >> 4 > 0) {
                value >>= 4;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >> 2 > 0) {
                value >>= 2;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >> 1 > 0) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 2, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log2(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log2(value);
            return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && 1 << result < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 10, rounded down, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log10(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >= 10**64) {
                value /= 10**64;
                result += 64;
            }
            if (value >= 10**32) {
                value /= 10**32;
                result += 32;
            }
            if (value >= 10**16) {
                value /= 10**16;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >= 10**8) {
                value /= 10**8;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >= 10**4) {
                value /= 10**4;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >= 10**2) {
                value /= 10**2;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >= 10**1) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 10, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log10(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log10(value);
            return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && 10**result < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 256, rounded down, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     *
     * Adding one to the result gives the number of pairs of hex symbols needed to represent `value` as a hex string.
     */
    function log256(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >> 128 > 0) {
                value >>= 128;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >> 64 > 0) {
                value >>= 64;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >> 32 > 0) {
                value >>= 32;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >> 16 > 0) {
                value >>= 16;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >> 8 > 0) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 10, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log256(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log256(value);
            return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && 1 << (result * 8) < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }
}


// File @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/[email protected]


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.8.0) (utils/Strings.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev String operations.
 */
library Strings {
    bytes16 private constant _SYMBOLS = "0123456789abcdef";
    uint8 private constant _ADDRESS_LENGTH = 20;

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.
     */
    function toString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 length = Math.log10(value) + 1;
            string memory buffer = new string(length);
            uint256 ptr;
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                ptr := add(buffer, add(32, length))
            }
            while (true) {
                ptr--;
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    mstore8(ptr, byte(mod(value, 10), _SYMBOLS))
                }
                value /= 10;
                if (value == 0) break;
            }
            return buffer;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        unchecked {
            return toHexString(value, Math.log256(value) + 1);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation with fixed length.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value, uint256 length) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        bytes memory buffer = new bytes(2 * length + 2);
        buffer[0] = "0";
        buffer[1] = "x";
        for (uint256 i = 2 * length + 1; i > 1; --i) {
            buffer[i] = _SYMBOLS[value & 0xf];
            value >>= 4;
        }
        require(value == 0, "Strings: hex length insufficient");
        return string(buffer);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts an `address` with fixed length of 20 bytes to its not checksummed ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.
     */
    function toHexString(address addr) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        return toHexString(uint256(uint160(addr)), _ADDRESS_LENGTH);
    }
}


// File @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/cryptography/[email protected]


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.8.0) (utils/cryptography/ECDSA.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA) operations.
 *
 * These functions can be used to verify that a message was signed by the holder
 * of the private keys of a given address.
 */
library ECDSA {
    enum RecoverError {
        NoError,
        InvalidSignature,
        InvalidSignatureLength,
        InvalidSignatureS,
        InvalidSignatureV // Deprecated in v4.8
    }

    function _throwError(RecoverError error) private pure {
        if (error == RecoverError.NoError) {
            return; // no error: do nothing
        } else if (error == RecoverError.InvalidSignature) {
            revert("ECDSA: invalid signature");
        } else if (error == RecoverError.InvalidSignatureLength) {
            revert("ECDSA: invalid signature length");
        } else if (error == RecoverError.InvalidSignatureS) {
            revert("ECDSA: invalid signature 's' value");
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address that signed a hashed message (`hash`) with
     * `signature` or error string. This address can then be used for verification purposes.
     *
     * The `ecrecover` EVM opcode allows for malleable (non-unique) signatures:
     * this function rejects them by requiring the `s` value to be in the lower
     * half order, and the `v` value to be either 27 or 28.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: `hash` _must_ be the result of a hash operation for the
     * verification to be secure: it is possible to craft signatures that
     * recover to arbitrary addresses for non-hashed data. A safe way to ensure
     * this is by receiving a hash of the original message (which may otherwise
     * be too long), and then calling {toEthSignedMessageHash} on it.
     *
     * Documentation for signature generation:
     * - with https://web3js.readthedocs.io/en/v1.3.4/web3-eth-accounts.html#sign[Web3.js]
     * - with https://docs.ethers.io/v5/api/signer/#Signer-signMessage[ethers]
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function tryRecover(bytes32 hash, bytes memory signature) internal pure returns (address, RecoverError) {
        if (signature.length == 65) {
            bytes32 r;
            bytes32 s;
            uint8 v;
            // ecrecover takes the signature parameters, and the only way to get them
            // currently is to use assembly.
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                r := mload(add(signature, 0x20))
                s := mload(add(signature, 0x40))
                v := byte(0, mload(add(signature, 0x60)))
            }
            return tryRecover(hash, v, r, s);
        } else {
            return (address(0), RecoverError.InvalidSignatureLength);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address that signed a hashed message (`hash`) with
     * `signature`. This address can then be used for verification purposes.
     *
     * The `ecrecover` EVM opcode allows for malleable (non-unique) signatures:
     * this function rejects them by requiring the `s` value to be in the lower
     * half order, and the `v` value to be either 27 or 28.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: `hash` _must_ be the result of a hash operation for the
     * verification to be secure: it is possible to craft signatures that
     * recover to arbitrary addresses for non-hashed data. A safe way to ensure
     * this is by receiving a hash of the original message (which may otherwise
     * be too long), and then calling {toEthSignedMessageHash} on it.
     */
    function recover(bytes32 hash, bytes memory signature) internal pure returns (address) {
        (address recovered, RecoverError error) = tryRecover(hash, signature);
        _throwError(error);
        return recovered;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-tryRecover} that receives the `r` and `vs` short-signature fields separately.
     *
     * See https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2098[EIP-2098 short signatures]
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function tryRecover(
        bytes32 hash,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 vs
    ) internal pure returns (address, RecoverError) {
        bytes32 s = vs & bytes32(0x7fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff);
        uint8 v = uint8((uint256(vs) >> 255) + 27);
        return tryRecover(hash, v, r, s);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-recover} that receives the `r and `vs` short-signature fields separately.
     *
     * _Available since v4.2._
     */
    function recover(
        bytes32 hash,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 vs
    ) internal pure returns (address) {
        (address recovered, RecoverError error) = tryRecover(hash, r, vs);
        _throwError(error);
        return recovered;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-tryRecover} that receives the `v`,
     * `r` and `s` signature fields separately.
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function tryRecover(
        bytes32 hash,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) internal pure returns (address, RecoverError) {
        // EIP-2 still allows signature malleability for ecrecover(). Remove this possibility and make the signature
        // unique. Appendix F in the Ethereum Yellow paper (https://ethereum.github.io/yellowpaper/paper.pdf), defines
        // the valid range for s in (301): 0 < s < secp256k1n ÷ 2 + 1, and for v in (302): v ∈ {27, 28}. Most
        // signatures from current libraries generate a unique signature with an s-value in the lower half order.
        //
        // If your library generates malleable signatures, such as s-values in the upper range, calculate a new s-value
        // with 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFEBAAEDCE6AF48A03BBFD25E8CD0364141 - s1 and flip v from 27 to 28 or
        // vice versa. If your library also generates signatures with 0/1 for v instead 27/28, add 27 to v to accept
        // these malleable signatures as well.
        if (uint256(s) > 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF5D576E7357A4501DDFE92F46681B20A0) {
            return (address(0), RecoverError.InvalidSignatureS);
        }

        // If the signature is valid (and not malleable), return the signer address
        address signer = ecrecover(hash, v, r, s);
        if (signer == address(0)) {
            return (address(0), RecoverError.InvalidSignature);
        }

        return (signer, RecoverError.NoError);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-recover} that receives the `v`,
     * `r` and `s` signature fields separately.
     */
    function recover(
        bytes32 hash,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) internal pure returns (address) {
        (address recovered, RecoverError error) = tryRecover(hash, v, r, s);
        _throwError(error);
        return recovered;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an Ethereum Signed Message, created from a `hash`. This
     * produces hash corresponding to the one signed with the
     * https://eth.wiki/json-rpc/API#eth_sign[`eth_sign`]
     * JSON-RPC method as part of EIP-191.
     *
     * See {recover}.
     */
    function toEthSignedMessageHash(bytes32 hash) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
        // 32 is the length in bytes of hash,
        // enforced by the type signature above
        return keccak256(abi.encodePacked("\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\n32", hash));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an Ethereum Signed Message, created from `s`. This
     * produces hash corresponding to the one signed with the
     * https://eth.wiki/json-rpc/API#eth_sign[`eth_sign`]
     * JSON-RPC method as part of EIP-191.
     *
     * See {recover}.
     */
    function toEthSignedMessageHash(bytes memory s) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
        return keccak256(abi.encodePacked("\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\n", Strings.toString(s.length), s));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an Ethereum Signed Typed Data, created from a
     * `domainSeparator` and a `structHash`. This produces hash corresponding
     * to the one signed with the
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712[`eth_signTypedData`]
     * JSON-RPC method as part of EIP-712.
     *
     * See {recover}.
     */
    function toTypedDataHash(bytes32 domainSeparator, bytes32 structHash) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
        return keccak256(abi.encodePacked("\x19\x01", domainSeparator, structHash));
    }
}


// File @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/structs/[email protected]


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.8.0) (utils/structs/EnumerableSet.sol)
// This file was procedurally generated from scripts/generate/templates/EnumerableSet.js.

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Library for managing
 * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Set_(abstract_data_type)[sets] of primitive
 * types.
 *
 * Sets have the following properties:
 *
 * - Elements are added, removed, and checked for existence in constant time
 * (O(1)).
 * - Elements are enumerated in O(n). No guarantees are made on the ordering.
 *
 * ```
 * contract Example {
 *     // Add the library methods
 *     using EnumerableSet for EnumerableSet.AddressSet;
 *
 *     // Declare a set state variable
 *     EnumerableSet.AddressSet private mySet;
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * As of v3.3.0, sets of type `bytes32` (`Bytes32Set`), `address` (`AddressSet`)
 * and `uint256` (`UintSet`) are supported.
 *
 * [WARNING]
 * ====
 * Trying to delete such a structure from storage will likely result in data corruption, rendering the structure
 * unusable.
 * See https://github.com/ethereum/solidity/pull/11843[ethereum/solidity#11843] for more info.
 *
 * In order to clean an EnumerableSet, you can either remove all elements one by one or create a fresh instance using an
 * array of EnumerableSet.
 * ====
 */
library EnumerableSet {
    // To implement this library for multiple types with as little code
    // repetition as possible, we write it in terms of a generic Set type with
    // bytes32 values.
    // The Set implementation uses private functions, and user-facing
    // implementations (such as AddressSet) are just wrappers around the
    // underlying Set.
    // This means that we can only create new EnumerableSets for types that fit
    // in bytes32.

    struct Set {
        // Storage of set values
        bytes32[] _values;
        // Position of the value in the `values` array, plus 1 because index 0
        // means a value is not in the set.
        mapping(bytes32 => uint256) _indexes;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Add a value to a set. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the value was added to the set, that is if it was not
     * already present.
     */
    function _add(Set storage set, bytes32 value) private returns (bool) {
        if (!_contains(set, value)) {
            set._values.push(value);
            // The value is stored at length-1, but we add 1 to all indexes
            // and use 0 as a sentinel value
            set._indexes[value] = set._values.length;
            return true;
        } else {
            return false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Removes a value from a set. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the value was removed from the set, that is if it was
     * present.
     */
    function _remove(Set storage set, bytes32 value) private returns (bool) {
        // We read and store the value's index to prevent multiple reads from the same storage slot
        uint256 valueIndex = set._indexes[value];

        if (valueIndex != 0) {
            // Equivalent to contains(set, value)
            // To delete an element from the _values array in O(1), we swap the element to delete with the last one in
            // the array, and then remove the last element (sometimes called as 'swap and pop').
            // This modifies the order of the array, as noted in {at}.

            uint256 toDeleteIndex = valueIndex - 1;
            uint256 lastIndex = set._values.length - 1;

            if (lastIndex != toDeleteIndex) {
                bytes32 lastValue = set._values[lastIndex];

                // Move the last value to the index where the value to delete is
                set._values[toDeleteIndex] = lastValue;
                // Update the index for the moved value
                set._indexes[lastValue] = valueIndex; // Replace lastValue's index to valueIndex
            }

            // Delete the slot where the moved value was stored
            set._values.pop();

            // Delete the index for the deleted slot
            delete set._indexes[value];

            return true;
        } else {
            return false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the value is in the set. O(1).
     */
    function _contains(Set storage set, bytes32 value) private view returns (bool) {
        return set._indexes[value] != 0;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of values on the set. O(1).
     */
    function _length(Set storage set) private view returns (uint256) {
        return set._values.length;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value stored at position `index` in the set. O(1).
     *
     * Note that there are no guarantees on the ordering of values inside the
     * array, and it may change when more values are added or removed.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `index` must be strictly less than {length}.
     */
    function _at(Set storage set, uint256 index) private view returns (bytes32) {
        return set._values[index];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the entire set in an array
     *
     * WARNING: This operation will copy the entire storage to memory, which can be quite expensive. This is designed
     * to mostly be used by view accessors that are queried without any gas fees. Developers should keep in mind that
     * this function has an unbounded cost, and using it as part of a state-changing function may render the function
     * uncallable if the set grows to a point where copying to memory consumes too much gas to fit in a block.
     */
    function _values(Set storage set) private view returns (bytes32[] memory) {
        return set._values;
    }

    // Bytes32Set

    struct Bytes32Set {
        Set _inner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Add a value to a set. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the value was added to the set, that is if it was not
     * already present.
     */
    function add(Bytes32Set storage set, bytes32 value) internal returns (bool) {
        return _add(set._inner, value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Removes a value from a set. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the value was removed from the set, that is if it was
     * present.
     */
    function remove(Bytes32Set storage set, bytes32 value) internal returns (bool) {
        return _remove(set._inner, value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the value is in the set. O(1).
     */
    function contains(Bytes32Set storage set, bytes32 value) internal view returns (bool) {
        return _contains(set._inner, value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of values in the set. O(1).
     */
    function length(Bytes32Set storage set) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return _length(set._inner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value stored at position `index` in the set. O(1).
     *
     * Note that there are no guarantees on the ordering of values inside the
     * array, and it may change when more values are added or removed.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `index` must be strictly less than {length}.
     */
    function at(Bytes32Set storage set, uint256 index) internal view returns (bytes32) {
        return _at(set._inner, index);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the entire set in an array
     *
     * WARNING: This operation will copy the entire storage to memory, which can be quite expensive. This is designed
     * to mostly be used by view accessors that are queried without any gas fees. Developers should keep in mind that
     * this function has an unbounded cost, and using it as part of a state-changing function may render the function
     * uncallable if the set grows to a point where copying to memory consumes too much gas to fit in a block.
     */
    function values(Bytes32Set storage set) internal view returns (bytes32[] memory) {
        bytes32[] memory store = _values(set._inner);
        bytes32[] memory result;

        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            result := store
        }

        return result;
    }

    // AddressSet

    struct AddressSet {
        Set _inner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Add a value to a set. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the value was added to the set, that is if it was not
     * already present.
     */
    function add(AddressSet storage set, address value) internal returns (bool) {
        return _add(set._inner, bytes32(uint256(uint160(value))));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Removes a value from a set. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the value was removed from the set, that is if it was
     * present.
     */
    function remove(AddressSet storage set, address value) internal returns (bool) {
        return _remove(set._inner, bytes32(uint256(uint160(value))));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the value is in the set. O(1).
     */
    function contains(AddressSet storage set, address value) internal view returns (bool) {
        return _contains(set._inner, bytes32(uint256(uint160(value))));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of values in the set. O(1).
     */
    function length(AddressSet storage set) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return _length(set._inner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value stored at position `index` in the set. O(1).
     *
     * Note that there are no guarantees on the ordering of values inside the
     * array, and it may change when more values are added or removed.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `index` must be strictly less than {length}.
     */
    function at(AddressSet storage set, uint256 index) internal view returns (address) {
        return address(uint160(uint256(_at(set._inner, index))));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the entire set in an array
     *
     * WARNING: This operation will copy the entire storage to memory, which can be quite expensive. This is designed
     * to mostly be used by view accessors that are queried without any gas fees. Developers should keep in mind that
     * this function has an unbounded cost, and using it as part of a state-changing function may render the function
     * uncallable if the set grows to a point where copying to memory consumes too much gas to fit in a block.
     */
    function values(AddressSet storage set) internal view returns (address[] memory) {
        bytes32[] memory store = _values(set._inner);
        address[] memory result;

        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            result := store
        }

        return result;
    }

    // UintSet

    struct UintSet {
        Set _inner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Add a value to a set. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the value was added to the set, that is if it was not
     * already present.
     */
    function add(UintSet storage set, uint256 value) internal returns (bool) {
        return _add(set._inner, bytes32(value));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Removes a value from a set. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the value was removed from the set, that is if it was
     * present.
     */
    function remove(UintSet storage set, uint256 value) internal returns (bool) {
        return _remove(set._inner, bytes32(value));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the value is in the set. O(1).
     */
    function contains(UintSet storage set, uint256 value) internal view returns (bool) {
        return _contains(set._inner, bytes32(value));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of values in the set. O(1).
     */
    function length(UintSet storage set) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return _length(set._inner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value stored at position `index` in the set. O(1).
     *
     * Note that there are no guarantees on the ordering of values inside the
     * array, and it may change when more values are added or removed.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `index` must be strictly less than {length}.
     */
    function at(UintSet storage set, uint256 index) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return uint256(_at(set._inner, index));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the entire set in an array
     *
     * WARNING: This operation will copy the entire storage to memory, which can be quite expensive. This is designed
     * to mostly be used by view accessors that are queried without any gas fees. Developers should keep in mind that
     * this function has an unbounded cost, and using it as part of a state-changing function may render the function
     * uncallable if the set grows to a point where copying to memory consumes too much gas to fit in a block.
     */
    function values(UintSet storage set) internal view returns (uint256[] memory) {
        bytes32[] memory store = _values(set._inner);
        uint256[] memory result;

        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            result := store
        }

        return result;
    }
}


// File interfaces/IMultisigIsm.sol


pragma solidity >=0.6.0;

interface IMultisigIsm is IInterchainSecurityModule {
    /**
     * @notice Returns the set of validators responsible for verifying _message
     * and the number of signatures required
     * @dev Can change based on the content of _message
     * @param _message Hyperlane formatted interchain message
     * @return validators The array of validator addresses
     * @return threshold The number of validator signatures needed
     */
    function validatorsAndThreshold(bytes calldata _message)
        external
        view
        returns (address[] memory validators, uint8 threshold);
}


// File contracts/libs/TypeCasts.sol


pragma solidity >=0.6.11;

library TypeCasts {
    // treat it as a null-terminated string of max 32 bytes
    function coerceString(bytes32 _buf)
        internal
        pure
        returns (string memory _newStr)
    {
        uint8 _slen = 0;
        while (_slen < 32 && _buf[_slen] != 0) {
            _slen++;
        }

        // solhint-disable-next-line no-inline-assembly
        assembly {
            _newStr := mload(0x40)
            mstore(0x40, add(_newStr, 0x40)) // may end up with extra
            mstore(_newStr, _slen)
            mstore(add(_newStr, 0x20), _buf)
        }
    }

    // alignment preserving cast
    function addressToBytes32(address _addr) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
        return bytes32(uint256(uint160(_addr)));
    }

    // alignment preserving cast
    function bytes32ToAddress(bytes32 _buf) internal pure returns (address) {
        return address(uint160(uint256(_buf)));
    }
}


// File contracts/libs/Message.sol


pragma solidity >=0.8.0;

/**
 * @title Hyperlane Message Library
 * @notice Library for formatted messages used by Mailbox
 **/
library Message {
    using TypeCasts for bytes32;

    uint256 private constant VERSION_OFFSET = 0;
    uint256 private constant NONCE_OFFSET = 1;
    uint256 private constant ORIGIN_OFFSET = 5;
    uint256 private constant SENDER_OFFSET = 9;
    uint256 private constant DESTINATION_OFFSET = 41;
    uint256 private constant RECIPIENT_OFFSET = 45;
    uint256 private constant BODY_OFFSET = 77;

    /**
     * @notice Returns formatted (packed) Hyperlane message with provided fields
     * @dev This function should only be used in memory message construction.
     * @param _version The version of the origin and destination Mailboxes
     * @param _nonce A nonce to uniquely identify the message on its origin chain
     * @param _originDomain Domain of origin chain
     * @param _sender Address of sender as bytes32
     * @param _destinationDomain Domain of destination chain
     * @param _recipient Address of recipient on destination chain as bytes32
     * @param _messageBody Raw bytes of message body
     * @return Formatted message
     */
    function formatMessage(
        uint8 _version,
        uint32 _nonce,
        uint32 _originDomain,
        bytes32 _sender,
        uint32 _destinationDomain,
        bytes32 _recipient,
        bytes calldata _messageBody
    ) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
        return
            abi.encodePacked(
                _version,
                _nonce,
                _originDomain,
                _sender,
                _destinationDomain,
                _recipient,
                _messageBody
            );
    }

    /**
     * @notice Returns the message ID.
     * @param _message ABI encoded Hyperlane message.
     * @return ID of `_message`
     */
    function id(bytes memory _message) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
        return keccak256(_message);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Returns the message version.
     * @param _message ABI encoded Hyperlane message.
     * @return Version of `_message`
     */
    function version(bytes calldata _message) internal pure returns (uint8) {
        return uint8(bytes1(_message[VERSION_OFFSET:NONCE_OFFSET]));
    }

    /**
     * @notice Returns the message nonce.
     * @param _message ABI encoded Hyperlane message.
     * @return Nonce of `_message`
     */
    function nonce(bytes calldata _message) internal pure returns (uint32) {
        return uint32(bytes4(_message[NONCE_OFFSET:ORIGIN_OFFSET]));
    }

    /**
     * @notice Returns the message origin domain.
     * @param _message ABI encoded Hyperlane message.
     * @return Origin domain of `_message`
     */
    function origin(bytes calldata _message) internal pure returns (uint32) {
        return uint32(bytes4(_message[ORIGIN_OFFSET:SENDER_OFFSET]));
    }

    /**
     * @notice Returns the message sender as bytes32.
     * @param _message ABI encoded Hyperlane message.
     * @return Sender of `_message` as bytes32
     */
    function sender(bytes calldata _message) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
        return bytes32(_message[SENDER_OFFSET:DESTINATION_OFFSET]);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Returns the message sender as address.
     * @param _message ABI encoded Hyperlane message.
     * @return Sender of `_message` as address
     */
    function senderAddress(bytes calldata _message)
        internal
        pure
        returns (address)
    {
        return sender(_message).bytes32ToAddress();
    }

    /**
     * @notice Returns the message destination domain.
     * @param _message ABI encoded Hyperlane message.
     * @return Destination domain of `_message`
     */
    function destination(bytes calldata _message)
        internal
        pure
        returns (uint32)
    {
        return uint32(bytes4(_message[DESTINATION_OFFSET:RECIPIENT_OFFSET]));
    }

    /**
     * @notice Returns the message recipient as bytes32.
     * @param _message ABI encoded Hyperlane message.
     * @return Recipient of `_message` as bytes32
     */
    function recipient(bytes calldata _message)
        internal
        pure
        returns (bytes32)
    {
        return bytes32(_message[RECIPIENT_OFFSET:BODY_OFFSET]);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Returns the message recipient as address.
     * @param _message ABI encoded Hyperlane message.
     * @return Recipient of `_message` as address
     */
    function recipientAddress(bytes calldata _message)
        internal
        pure
        returns (address)
    {
        return recipient(_message).bytes32ToAddress();
    }

    /**
     * @notice Returns the message body.
     * @param _message ABI encoded Hyperlane message.
     * @return Body of `_message`
     */
    function body(bytes calldata _message)
        internal
        pure
        returns (bytes calldata)
    {
        return bytes(_message[BODY_OFFSET:]);
    }
}


// File contracts/libs/MultisigIsmMetadata.sol


pragma solidity >=0.8.0;

/**
 * Format of metadata:
 * [   0:  32] Merkle root
 * [  32:  36] Root index
 * [  36:  68] Origin mailbox address
 * [  68:1092] Merkle proof
 * [1092:1093] Threshold
 * [1093:????] Validator signatures, 65 bytes each, length == Threshold
 * [????:????] Addresses of the entire validator set, left padded to bytes32
 */
library MultisigIsmMetadata {
    uint256 private constant MERKLE_ROOT_OFFSET = 0;
    uint256 private constant MERKLE_INDEX_OFFSET = 32;
    uint256 private constant ORIGIN_MAILBOX_OFFSET = 36;
    uint256 private constant MERKLE_PROOF_OFFSET = 68;
    uint256 private constant THRESHOLD_OFFSET = 1092;
    uint256 private constant SIGNATURES_OFFSET = 1093;
    uint256 private constant SIGNATURE_LENGTH = 65;

    /**
     * @notice Returns the merkle root of the signed checkpoint.
     * @param _metadata ABI encoded Multisig ISM metadata.
     * @return Merkle root of the signed checkpoint
     */
    function root(bytes calldata _metadata) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
        return bytes32(_metadata[MERKLE_ROOT_OFFSET:MERKLE_INDEX_OFFSET]);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Returns the index of the signed checkpoint.
     * @param _metadata ABI encoded Multisig ISM metadata.
     * @return Index of the signed checkpoint
     */
    function index(bytes calldata _metadata) internal pure returns (uint32) {
        return
            uint32(
                bytes4(_metadata[MERKLE_INDEX_OFFSET:ORIGIN_MAILBOX_OFFSET])
            );
    }

    /**
     * @notice Returns the origin mailbox of the signed checkpoint as bytes32.
     * @param _metadata ABI encoded Multisig ISM metadata.
     * @return Origin mailbox of the signed checkpoint as bytes32
     */
    function originMailbox(bytes calldata _metadata)
        internal
        pure
        returns (bytes32)
    {
        return bytes32(_metadata[ORIGIN_MAILBOX_OFFSET:MERKLE_PROOF_OFFSET]);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Returns the merkle proof branch of the message.
     * @dev This appears to be more gas efficient than returning a calldata
     * slice and using that.
     * @param _metadata ABI encoded Multisig ISM metadata.
     * @return Merkle proof branch of the message.
     */
    function proof(bytes calldata _metadata)
        internal
        pure
        returns (bytes32[32] memory)
    {
        return
            abi.decode(
                _metadata[MERKLE_PROOF_OFFSET:THRESHOLD_OFFSET],
                (bytes32[32])
            );
    }

    /**
     * @notice Returns the number of required signatures. Verified against
     * the commitment stored in the module.
     * @param _metadata ABI encoded Multisig ISM metadata.
     * @return The number of required signatures.
     */
    function threshold(bytes calldata _metadata) internal pure returns (uint8) {
        return uint8(bytes1(_metadata[THRESHOLD_OFFSET:SIGNATURES_OFFSET]));
    }

    /**
     * @notice Returns the validator ECDSA signature at `_index`.
     * @dev Assumes signatures are sorted by validator
     * @dev Assumes `_metadata` encodes `threshold` signatures.
     * @dev Assumes `_index` is less than `threshold`
     * @param _metadata ABI encoded Multisig ISM metadata.
     * @param _index The index of the signature to return.
     * @return The validator ECDSA signature at `_index`.
     */
    function signatureAt(bytes calldata _metadata, uint256 _index)
        internal
        pure
        returns (bytes calldata)
    {
        uint256 _start = SIGNATURES_OFFSET + (_index * SIGNATURE_LENGTH);
        uint256 _end = _start + SIGNATURE_LENGTH;
        return _metadata[_start:_end];
    }

    /**
     * @notice Returns the validator address at `_index`.
     * @dev Assumes `_index` is less than the number of validators
     * @param _metadata ABI encoded Multisig ISM metadata.
     * @param _index The index of the validator to return.
     * @return The validator address at `_index`.
     */
    function validatorAt(bytes calldata _metadata, uint256 _index)
        internal
        pure
        returns (address)
    {
        // Validator addresses are left padded to bytes32 in order to match
        // abi.encodePacked(address[]).
        uint256 _start = _validatorsOffset(_metadata) + (_index * 32) + 12;
        uint256 _end = _start + 20;
        return address(bytes20(_metadata[_start:_end]));
    }

    /**
     * @notice Returns the validator set encoded as bytes. Verified against the
     * commitment stored in the module.
     * @dev Validator addresses are encoded as tightly packed array of bytes32,
     * sorted to match the enumerable set stored by the module.
     * @param _metadata ABI encoded Multisig ISM metadata.
     * @return The validator set encoded as bytes.
     */
    function validators(bytes calldata _metadata)
        internal
        pure
        returns (bytes calldata)
    {
        return _metadata[_validatorsOffset(_metadata):];
    }

    /**
     * @notice Returns the size of the validator set encoded in the metadata
     * @dev Validator addresses are encoded as tightly packed array of bytes32,
     * sorted to match the enumerable set stored by the module.
     * @param _metadata ABI encoded Multisig ISM metadata.
     * @return The size of the validator set encoded in the metadata
     */
    function commitment(bytes calldata _metadata)
        internal
        pure
        returns (uint256)
    {
        return (_metadata.length - _validatorsOffset(_metadata)) / 32;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Returns the size of the validator set encoded in the metadata
     * @dev Validator addresses are encoded as tightly packed array of bytes32,
     * sorted to match the enumerable set stored by the module.
     * @param _metadata ABI encoded Multisig ISM metadata.
     * @return The size of the validator set encoded in the metadata
     */
    function validatorCount(bytes calldata _metadata)
        internal
        pure
        returns (uint256)
    {
        return (_metadata.length - _validatorsOffset(_metadata)) / 32;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Returns the offset in bytes of the list of validators within
     * `_metadata`.
     * @param _metadata ABI encoded Multisig ISM metadata.
     * @return The index at which the list of validators starts
     */
    function _validatorsOffset(bytes calldata _metadata)
        private
        pure
        returns (uint256)
    {
        return
            SIGNATURES_OFFSET +
            (uint256(threshold(_metadata)) * SIGNATURE_LENGTH);
    }
}


// File contracts/libs/Merkle.sol


pragma solidity >=0.6.11;

// work based on eth2 deposit contract, which is used under CC0-1.0

/**
 * @title MerkleLib
 * @author Celo Labs Inc.
 * @notice An incremental merkle tree modeled on the eth2 deposit contract.
 **/
library MerkleLib {
    uint256 internal constant TREE_DEPTH = 32;
    uint256 internal constant MAX_LEAVES = 2**TREE_DEPTH - 1;

    /**
     * @notice Struct representing incremental merkle tree. Contains current
     * branch and the number of inserted leaves in the tree.
     **/
    struct Tree {
        bytes32[TREE_DEPTH] branch;
        uint256 count;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Inserts `_node` into merkle tree
     * @dev Reverts if tree is full
     * @param _node Element to insert into tree
     **/
    function insert(Tree storage _tree, bytes32 _node) internal {
        require(_tree.count < MAX_LEAVES, "merkle tree full");

        _tree.count += 1;
        uint256 size = _tree.count;
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < TREE_DEPTH; i++) {
            if ((size & 1) == 1) {
                _tree.branch[i] = _node;
                return;
            }
            _node = keccak256(abi.encodePacked(_tree.branch[i], _node));
            size /= 2;
        }
        // As the loop should always end prematurely with the `return` statement,
        // this code should be unreachable. We assert `false` just to be safe.
        assert(false);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates and returns`_tree`'s current root given array of zero
     * hashes
     * @param _zeroes Array of zero hashes
     * @return _current Calculated root of `_tree`
     **/
    function rootWithCtx(Tree storage _tree, bytes32[TREE_DEPTH] memory _zeroes)
        internal
        view
        returns (bytes32 _current)
    {
        uint256 _index = _tree.count;

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < TREE_DEPTH; i++) {
            uint256 _ithBit = (_index >> i) & 0x01;
            bytes32 _next = _tree.branch[i];
            if (_ithBit == 1) {
                _current = keccak256(abi.encodePacked(_next, _current));
            } else {
                _current = keccak256(abi.encodePacked(_current, _zeroes[i]));
            }
        }
    }

    /// @notice Calculates and returns`_tree`'s current root
    function root(Tree storage _tree) internal view returns (bytes32) {
        return rootWithCtx(_tree, zeroHashes());
    }

    /// @notice Returns array of TREE_DEPTH zero hashes
    /// @return _zeroes Array of TREE_DEPTH zero hashes
    function zeroHashes()
        internal
        pure
        returns (bytes32[TREE_DEPTH] memory _zeroes)
    {
        _zeroes[0] = Z_0;
        _zeroes[1] = Z_1;
        _zeroes[2] = Z_2;
        _zeroes[3] = Z_3;
        _zeroes[4] = Z_4;
        _zeroes[5] = Z_5;
        _zeroes[6] = Z_6;
        _zeroes[7] = Z_7;
        _zeroes[8] = Z_8;
        _zeroes[9] = Z_9;
        _zeroes[10] = Z_10;
        _zeroes[11] = Z_11;
        _zeroes[12] = Z_12;
        _zeroes[13] = Z_13;
        _zeroes[14] = Z_14;
        _zeroes[15] = Z_15;
        _zeroes[16] = Z_16;
        _zeroes[17] = Z_17;
        _zeroes[18] = Z_18;
        _zeroes[19] = Z_19;
        _zeroes[20] = Z_20;
        _zeroes[21] = Z_21;
        _zeroes[22] = Z_22;
        _zeroes[23] = Z_23;
        _zeroes[24] = Z_24;
        _zeroes[25] = Z_25;
        _zeroes[26] = Z_26;
        _zeroes[27] = Z_27;
        _zeroes[28] = Z_28;
        _zeroes[29] = Z_29;
        _zeroes[30] = Z_30;
        _zeroes[31] = Z_31;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates and returns the merkle root for the given leaf
     * `_item`, a merkle branch, and the index of `_item` in the tree.
     * @param _item Merkle leaf
     * @param _branch Merkle proof
     * @param _index Index of `_item` in tree
     * @return _current Calculated merkle root
     **/
    function branchRoot(
        bytes32 _item,
        bytes32[TREE_DEPTH] memory _branch,
        uint256 _index
    ) internal pure returns (bytes32 _current) {
        _current = _item;

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < TREE_DEPTH; i++) {
            uint256 _ithBit = (_index >> i) & 0x01;
            bytes32 _next = _branch[i];
            if (_ithBit == 1) {
                _current = keccak256(abi.encodePacked(_next, _current));
            } else {
                _current = keccak256(abi.encodePacked(_current, _next));
            }
        }
    }

    // keccak256 zero hashes
    bytes32 internal constant Z_0 =
        hex"0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000";
    bytes32 internal constant Z_1 =
        hex"ad3228b676f7d3cd4284a5443f17f1962b36e491b30a40b2405849e597ba5fb5";
    bytes32 internal constant Z_2 =
        hex"b4c11951957c6f8f642c4af61cd6b24640fec6dc7fc607ee8206a99e92410d30";
    bytes32 internal constant Z_3 =
        hex"21ddb9a356815c3fac1026b6dec5df3124afbadb485c9ba5a3e3398a04b7ba85";
    bytes32 internal constant Z_4 =
        hex"e58769b32a1beaf1ea27375a44095a0d1fb664ce2dd358e7fcbfb78c26a19344";
    bytes32 internal constant Z_5 =
        hex"0eb01ebfc9ed27500cd4dfc979272d1f0913cc9f66540d7e8005811109e1cf2d";
    bytes32 internal constant Z_6 =
        hex"887c22bd8750d34016ac3c66b5ff102dacdd73f6b014e710b51e8022af9a1968";
    bytes32 internal constant Z_7 =
        hex"ffd70157e48063fc33c97a050f7f640233bf646cc98d9524c6b92bcf3ab56f83";
    bytes32 internal constant Z_8 =
        hex"9867cc5f7f196b93bae1e27e6320742445d290f2263827498b54fec539f756af";
    bytes32 internal constant Z_9 =
        hex"cefad4e508c098b9a7e1d8feb19955fb02ba9675585078710969d3440f5054e0";
    bytes32 internal constant Z_10 =
        hex"f9dc3e7fe016e050eff260334f18a5d4fe391d82092319f5964f2e2eb7c1c3a5";
    bytes32 internal constant Z_11 =
        hex"f8b13a49e282f609c317a833fb8d976d11517c571d1221a265d25af778ecf892";
    bytes32 internal constant Z_12 =
        hex"3490c6ceeb450aecdc82e28293031d10c7d73bf85e57bf041a97360aa2c5d99c";
    bytes32 internal constant Z_13 =
        hex"c1df82d9c4b87413eae2ef048f94b4d3554cea73d92b0f7af96e0271c691e2bb";
    bytes32 internal constant Z_14 =
        hex"5c67add7c6caf302256adedf7ab114da0acfe870d449a3a489f781d659e8becc";
    bytes32 internal constant Z_15 =
        hex"da7bce9f4e8618b6bd2f4132ce798cdc7a60e7e1460a7299e3c6342a579626d2";
    bytes32 internal constant Z_16 =
        hex"2733e50f526ec2fa19a22b31e8ed50f23cd1fdf94c9154ed3a7609a2f1ff981f";
    bytes32 internal constant Z_17 =
        hex"e1d3b5c807b281e4683cc6d6315cf95b9ade8641defcb32372f1c126e398ef7a";
    bytes32 internal constant Z_18 =
        hex"5a2dce0a8a7f68bb74560f8f71837c2c2ebbcbf7fffb42ae1896f13f7c7479a0";
    bytes32 internal constant Z_19 =
        hex"b46a28b6f55540f89444f63de0378e3d121be09e06cc9ded1c20e65876d36aa0";
    bytes32 internal constant Z_20 =
        hex"c65e9645644786b620e2dd2ad648ddfcbf4a7e5b1a3a4ecfe7f64667a3f0b7e2";
    bytes32 internal constant Z_21 =
        hex"f4418588ed35a2458cffeb39b93d26f18d2ab13bdce6aee58e7b99359ec2dfd9";
    bytes32 internal constant Z_22 =
        hex"5a9c16dc00d6ef18b7933a6f8dc65ccb55667138776f7dea101070dc8796e377";
    bytes32 internal constant Z_23 =
        hex"4df84f40ae0c8229d0d6069e5c8f39a7c299677a09d367fc7b05e3bc380ee652";
    bytes32 internal constant Z_24 =
        hex"cdc72595f74c7b1043d0e1ffbab734648c838dfb0527d971b602bc216c9619ef";
    bytes32 internal constant Z_25 =
        hex"0abf5ac974a1ed57f4050aa510dd9c74f508277b39d7973bb2dfccc5eeb0618d";
    bytes32 internal constant Z_26 =
        hex"b8cd74046ff337f0a7bf2c8e03e10f642c1886798d71806ab1e888d9e5ee87d0";
    bytes32 internal constant Z_27 =
        hex"838c5655cb21c6cb83313b5a631175dff4963772cce9108188b34ac87c81c41e";
    bytes32 internal constant Z_28 =
        hex"662ee4dd2dd7b2bc707961b1e646c4047669dcb6584f0d8d770daf5d7e7deb2e";
    bytes32 internal constant Z_29 =
        hex"388ab20e2573d171a88108e79d820e98f26c0b84aa8b2f4aa4968dbb818ea322";
    bytes32 internal constant Z_30 =
        hex"93237c50ba75ee485f4c22adf2f741400bdf8d6a9cc7df7ecae576221665d735";
    bytes32 internal constant Z_31 =
        hex"8448818bb4ae4562849e949e17ac16e0be16688e156b5cf15e098c627c0056a9";
}


// File contracts/isms/MultisigIsm.sol


pragma solidity >=0.8.0;

// ============ External Imports ============



// ============ Internal Imports ============




/**
 * @title MultisigIsm
 * @notice Manages an ownable set of validators that ECDSA sign checkpoints to
 * reach a quorum.
 */
contract MultisigIsm is IMultisigIsm, Ownable {
    // ============ Libraries ============

    using EnumerableSet for EnumerableSet.AddressSet;
    using Message for bytes;
    using MultisigIsmMetadata for bytes;
    using MerkleLib for MerkleLib.Tree;

    // ============ Constants ============

    uint8 public constant moduleType = 3;

    // ============ Mutable Storage ============

    /// @notice The validator threshold for each remote domain.
    mapping(uint32 => uint8) public threshold;

    /// @notice The validator set for each remote domain.
    mapping(uint32 => EnumerableSet.AddressSet) private validatorSet;

    /// @notice A succinct commitment to the validator set and threshold for each remote
    /// domain.
    mapping(uint32 => bytes32) public commitment;

    // ============ Events ============

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when a validator is enrolled in a validator set.
     * @param domain The remote domain of the validator set.
     * @param validator The address of the validator.
     * @param validatorCount The number of enrolled validators in the validator set.
     */
    event ValidatorEnrolled(
        uint32 indexed domain,
        address indexed validator,
        uint256 validatorCount
    );

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when a validator is unenrolled from a validator set.
     * @param domain The remote domain of the validator set.
     * @param validator The address of the validator.
     * @param validatorCount The number of enrolled validators in the validator set.
     */
    event ValidatorUnenrolled(
        uint32 indexed domain,
        address indexed validator,
        uint256 validatorCount
    );

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when the quorum threshold is set.
     * @param domain The remote domain of the validator set.
     * @param threshold The new quorum threshold.
     */
    event ThresholdSet(uint32 indexed domain, uint8 threshold);

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when the validator set or threshold changes.
     * @param domain The remote domain of the validator set.
     * @param commitment A commitment to the validator set and threshold.
     */
    event CommitmentUpdated(uint32 domain, bytes32 commitment);

    // ============ Constructor ============

    // solhint-disable-next-line no-empty-blocks
    constructor() Ownable() {}

    // ============ External Functions ============

    /**
     * @notice Enrolls multiple validators into a validator set.
     * @dev Reverts if `_validator` is already in the validator set.
     * @param _domains The remote domains of the validator sets.
     * @param _validators The validators to add to the validator sets.
     * @dev _validators[i] are the validators to enroll for _domains[i].
     */
    function enrollValidators(
        uint32[] calldata _domains,
        address[][] calldata _validators
    ) external onlyOwner {
        require(_domains.length == _validators.length, "!length");
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < _domains.length; i += 1) {
            address[] calldata _domainValidators = _validators[i];
            for (uint256 j = 0; j < _domainValidators.length; j += 1) {
                _enrollValidator(_domains[i], _domainValidators[j]);
            }
            _updateCommitment(_domains[i]);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Enrolls a validator into a validator set.
     * @dev Reverts if `_validator` is already in the validator set.
     * @param _domain The remote domain of the validator set.
     * @param _validator The validator to add to the validator set.
     */
    function enrollValidator(uint32 _domain, address _validator)
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        _enrollValidator(_domain, _validator);
        _updateCommitment(_domain);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Unenrolls a validator from a validator set.
     * @dev Reverts if `_validator` is not in the validator set.
     * @param _domain The remote domain of the validator set.
     * @param _validator The validator to remove from the validator set.
     */
    function unenrollValidator(uint32 _domain, address _validator)
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        require(validatorSet[_domain].remove(_validator), "!enrolled");
        uint256 _validatorCount = validatorCount(_domain);
        require(
            _validatorCount >= threshold[_domain],
            "violates quorum threshold"
        );
        _updateCommitment(_domain);
        emit ValidatorUnenrolled(_domain, _validator, _validatorCount);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Sets the quorum threshold for multiple domains.
     * @param _domains The remote domains of the validator sets.
     * @param _thresholds The new quorum thresholds.
     */
    function setThresholds(
        uint32[] calldata _domains,
        uint8[] calldata _thresholds
    ) external onlyOwner {
        require(_domains.length == _thresholds.length, "!length");
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < _domains.length; i += 1) {
            setThreshold(_domains[i], _thresholds[i]);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Returns whether an address is enrolled in a validator set.
     * @param _domain The remote domain of the validator set.
     * @param _address The address to test for set membership.
     * @return True if the address is enrolled, false otherwise.
     */
    function isEnrolled(uint32 _domain, address _address)
        external
        view
        returns (bool)
    {
        EnumerableSet.AddressSet storage _validatorSet = validatorSet[_domain];
        return _validatorSet.contains(_address);
    }

    // ============ Public Functions ============

    /**
     * @notice Sets the quorum threshold.
     * @param _domain The remote domain of the validator set.
     * @param _threshold The new quorum threshold.
     */
    function setThreshold(uint32 _domain, uint8 _threshold) public onlyOwner {
        require(
            _threshold > 0 && _threshold <= validatorCount(_domain),
            "!range"
        );
        threshold[_domain] = _threshold;
        emit ThresholdSet(_domain, _threshold);

        _updateCommitment(_domain);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Verifies that a quorum of the origin domain's validators signed
     * a checkpoint, and verifies the merkle proof of `_message` against that
     * checkpoint.
     * @param _metadata ABI encoded module metadata (see MultisigIsmMetadata.sol)
     * @param _message Formatted Hyperlane message (see Message.sol).
     */
    function verify(bytes calldata _metadata, bytes calldata _message)
        public
        view
        returns (bool)
    {
        require(_verifyMerkleProof(_metadata, _message), "!merkle");
        require(_verifyValidatorSignatures(_metadata, _message), "!sigs");
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Gets the current validator set
     * @param _domain The remote domain of the validator set.
     * @return The addresses of the validator set.
     */
    function validators(uint32 _domain) public view returns (address[] memory) {
        EnumerableSet.AddressSet storage _validatorSet = validatorSet[_domain];
        uint256 _validatorCount = _validatorSet.length();
        address[] memory _validators = new address[](_validatorCount);
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < _validatorCount; i++) {
            _validators[i] = _validatorSet.at(i);
        }
        return _validators;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Returns the set of validators responsible for verifying _message
     * and the number of signatures required
     * @dev Can change based on the content of _message
     * @param _message Hyperlane formatted interchain message
     * @return validators The array of validator addresses
     * @return threshold The number of validator signatures needed
     */
    function validatorsAndThreshold(bytes calldata _message)
        external
        view
        returns (address[] memory, uint8)
    {
        uint32 _origin = _message.origin();
        address[] memory _validators = validators(_origin);
        uint8 _threshold = threshold[_origin];
        return (_validators, _threshold);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Returns the number of validators enrolled in the validator set.
     * @param _domain The remote domain of the validator set.
     * @return The number of validators enrolled in the validator set.
     */
    function validatorCount(uint32 _domain) public view returns (uint256) {
        return validatorSet[_domain].length();
    }

    // ============ Internal Functions ============

    /**
     * @notice Enrolls a validator into a validator set.
     * @dev Reverts if `_validator` is already in the validator set.
     * @param _domain The remote domain of the validator set.
     * @param _validator The validator to add to the validator set.
     */
    function _enrollValidator(uint32 _domain, address _validator) internal {
        require(_validator != address(0), "zero address");
        require(validatorSet[_domain].add(_validator), "already enrolled");
        emit ValidatorEnrolled(_domain, _validator, validatorCount(_domain));
    }

    /**
     * @notice Updates the commitment to the validator set for `_domain`.
     * @param _domain The remote domain of the validator set.
     * @return The commitment to the validator set for `_domain`.
     */
    function _updateCommitment(uint32 _domain) internal returns (bytes32) {
        address[] memory _validators = validators(_domain);
        uint8 _threshold = threshold[_domain];
        bytes32 _commitment = keccak256(
            abi.encodePacked(_threshold, _validators)
        );
        commitment[_domain] = _commitment;
        emit CommitmentUpdated(_domain, _commitment);
        return _commitment;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Verifies the merkle proof of `_message` against the provided
     * checkpoint.
     * @param _metadata ABI encoded module metadata (see MultisigIsmMetadata.sol)
     * @param _message Formatted Hyperlane message (see Message.sol).
     */
    function _verifyMerkleProof(
        bytes calldata _metadata,
        bytes calldata _message
    ) internal pure returns (bool) {
        // calculate the expected root based on the proof
        bytes32 _calculatedRoot = MerkleLib.branchRoot(
            _message.id(),
            _metadata.proof(),
            _message.nonce()
        );
        return _calculatedRoot == _metadata.root();
    }

    /**
     * @notice Verifies that a quorum of the origin domain's validators signed
     * the provided checkpoint.
     * @param _metadata ABI encoded module metadata (see MultisigIsmMetadata.sol)
     * @param _message Formatted Hyperlane message (see Message.sol).
     */
    function _verifyValidatorSignatures(
        bytes calldata _metadata,
        bytes calldata _message
    ) internal view returns (bool) {
        uint8 _threshold = _metadata.threshold();
        bytes32 _digest;
        {
            uint32 _origin = _message.origin();

            bytes32 _commitment = keccak256(
                abi.encodePacked(_threshold, _metadata.validators())
            );
            // Ensures the validator set encoded in the metadata matches
            // what we've stored on chain.
            // NB: An empty validator set in `_metadata` will result in a
            // non-zero computed commitment, and this check will fail
            // as the commitment in storage will be zero.
            require(_commitment == commitment[_origin], "!commitment");
            _digest = _getCheckpointDigest(_metadata, _origin);
        }
        uint256 _validatorCount = _metadata.validatorCount();
        uint256 _validatorIndex = 0;
        // Assumes that signatures are ordered by validator
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < _threshold; ++i) {
            address _signer = ECDSA.recover(_digest, _metadata.signatureAt(i));
            // Loop through remaining validators until we find a match
            for (
                ;
                _validatorIndex < _validatorCount &&
                    _signer != _metadata.validatorAt(_validatorIndex);
                ++_validatorIndex
            ) {}
            // Fail if we never found a match
            require(_validatorIndex < _validatorCount, "!threshold");
            ++_validatorIndex;
        }
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Returns the domain hash that validators are expected to use
     * when signing checkpoints.
     * @param _origin The origin domain of the checkpoint.
     * @param _originMailbox The address of the origin mailbox as bytes32.
     * @return The domain hash.
     */
    function _getDomainHash(uint32 _origin, bytes32 _originMailbox)
        internal
        pure
        returns (bytes32)
    {
        // Including the origin mailbox address in the signature allows the slashing
        // protocol to enroll multiple mailboxes. Otherwise, a valid signature for
        // mailbox A would be indistinguishable from a fraudulent signature for mailbox
        // B.
        // The slashing protocol should slash if validators sign attestations for
        // anything other than a whitelisted mailbox.
        return
            keccak256(abi.encodePacked(_origin, _originMailbox, "HYPERLANE"));
    }

    /**
     * @notice Returns the digest validators are expected to sign when signing checkpoints.
     * @param _metadata ABI encoded module metadata (see MultisigIsmMetadata.sol)
     * @param _origin The origin domain of the checkpoint.
     * @return The digest of the checkpoint.
     */
    function _getCheckpointDigest(bytes calldata _metadata, uint32 _origin)
        internal
        pure
        returns (bytes32)
    {
        bytes32 _domainHash = _getDomainHash(
            _origin,
            _metadata.originMailbox()
        );
        return
            ECDSA.toEthSignedMessageHash(
                keccak256(
                    abi.encodePacked(
                        _domainHash,
                        _metadata.root(),
                        _metadata.index()
                    )
                )
            );
    }
}


// File @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/structs/[email protected]


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.8.0) (utils/structs/EnumerableMap.sol)
// This file was procedurally generated from scripts/generate/templates/EnumerableMap.js.

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Library for managing an enumerable variant of Solidity's
 * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/types.html#mapping-types[`mapping`]
 * type.
 *
 * Maps have the following properties:
 *
 * - Entries are added, removed, and checked for existence in constant time
 * (O(1)).
 * - Entries are enumerated in O(n). No guarantees are made on the ordering.
 *
 * ```
 * contract Example {
 *     // Add the library methods
 *     using EnumerableMap for EnumerableMap.UintToAddressMap;
 *
 *     // Declare a set state variable
 *     EnumerableMap.UintToAddressMap private myMap;
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * The following map types are supported:
 *
 * - `uint256 -> address` (`UintToAddressMap`) since v3.0.0
 * - `address -> uint256` (`AddressToUintMap`) since v4.6.0
 * - `bytes32 -> bytes32` (`Bytes32ToBytes32Map`) since v4.6.0
 * - `uint256 -> uint256` (`UintToUintMap`) since v4.7.0
 * - `bytes32 -> uint256` (`Bytes32ToUintMap`) since v4.7.0
 *
 * [WARNING]
 * ====
 * Trying to delete such a structure from storage will likely result in data corruption, rendering the structure
 * unusable.
 * See https://github.com/ethereum/solidity/pull/11843[ethereum/solidity#11843] for more info.
 *
 * In order to clean an EnumerableMap, you can either remove all elements one by one or create a fresh instance using an
 * array of EnumerableMap.
 * ====
 */
library EnumerableMap {
    using EnumerableSet for EnumerableSet.Bytes32Set;

    // To implement this library for multiple types with as little code
    // repetition as possible, we write it in terms of a generic Map type with
    // bytes32 keys and values.
    // The Map implementation uses private functions, and user-facing
    // implementations (such as Uint256ToAddressMap) are just wrappers around
    // the underlying Map.
    // This means that we can only create new EnumerableMaps for types that fit
    // in bytes32.

    struct Bytes32ToBytes32Map {
        // Storage of keys
        EnumerableSet.Bytes32Set _keys;
        mapping(bytes32 => bytes32) _values;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Adds a key-value pair to a map, or updates the value for an existing
     * key. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the key was added to the map, that is if it was not
     * already present.
     */
    function set(
        Bytes32ToBytes32Map storage map,
        bytes32 key,
        bytes32 value
    ) internal returns (bool) {
        map._values[key] = value;
        return map._keys.add(key);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Removes a key-value pair from a map. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the key was removed from the map, that is if it was present.
     */
    function remove(Bytes32ToBytes32Map storage map, bytes32 key) internal returns (bool) {
        delete map._values[key];
        return map._keys.remove(key);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the key is in the map. O(1).
     */
    function contains(Bytes32ToBytes32Map storage map, bytes32 key) internal view returns (bool) {
        return map._keys.contains(key);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of key-value pairs in the map. O(1).
     */
    function length(Bytes32ToBytes32Map storage map) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return map._keys.length();
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the key-value pair stored at position `index` in the map. O(1).
     *
     * Note that there are no guarantees on the ordering of entries inside the
     * array, and it may change when more entries are added or removed.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `index` must be strictly less than {length}.
     */
    function at(Bytes32ToBytes32Map storage map, uint256 index) internal view returns (bytes32, bytes32) {
        bytes32 key = map._keys.at(index);
        return (key, map._values[key]);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tries to returns the value associated with `key`. O(1).
     * Does not revert if `key` is not in the map.
     */
    function tryGet(Bytes32ToBytes32Map storage map, bytes32 key) internal view returns (bool, bytes32) {
        bytes32 value = map._values[key];
        if (value == bytes32(0)) {
            return (contains(map, key), bytes32(0));
        } else {
            return (true, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value associated with `key`. O(1).
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `key` must be in the map.
     */
    function get(Bytes32ToBytes32Map storage map, bytes32 key) internal view returns (bytes32) {
        bytes32 value = map._values[key];
        require(value != 0 || contains(map, key), "EnumerableMap: nonexistent key");
        return value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {get}, with a custom error message when `key` is not in the map.
     *
     * CAUTION: This function is deprecated because it requires allocating memory for the error
     * message unnecessarily. For custom revert reasons use {tryGet}.
     */
    function get(
        Bytes32ToBytes32Map storage map,
        bytes32 key,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal view returns (bytes32) {
        bytes32 value = map._values[key];
        require(value != 0 || contains(map, key), errorMessage);
        return value;
    }

    // UintToUintMap

    struct UintToUintMap {
        Bytes32ToBytes32Map _inner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Adds a key-value pair to a map, or updates the value for an existing
     * key. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the key was added to the map, that is if it was not
     * already present.
     */
    function set(
        UintToUintMap storage map,
        uint256 key,
        uint256 value
    ) internal returns (bool) {
        return set(map._inner, bytes32(key), bytes32(value));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Removes a value from a set. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the key was removed from the map, that is if it was present.
     */
    function remove(UintToUintMap storage map, uint256 key) internal returns (bool) {
        return remove(map._inner, bytes32(key));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the key is in the map. O(1).
     */
    function contains(UintToUintMap storage map, uint256 key) internal view returns (bool) {
        return contains(map._inner, bytes32(key));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of elements in the map. O(1).
     */
    function length(UintToUintMap storage map) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return length(map._inner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the element stored at position `index` in the set. O(1).
     * Note that there are no guarantees on the ordering of values inside the
     * array, and it may change when more values are added or removed.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `index` must be strictly less than {length}.
     */
    function at(UintToUintMap storage map, uint256 index) internal view returns (uint256, uint256) {
        (bytes32 key, bytes32 value) = at(map._inner, index);
        return (uint256(key), uint256(value));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tries to returns the value associated with `key`. O(1).
     * Does not revert if `key` is not in the map.
     */
    function tryGet(UintToUintMap storage map, uint256 key) internal view returns (bool, uint256) {
        (bool success, bytes32 value) = tryGet(map._inner, bytes32(key));
        return (success, uint256(value));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value associated with `key`. O(1).
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `key` must be in the map.
     */
    function get(UintToUintMap storage map, uint256 key) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return uint256(get(map._inner, bytes32(key)));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {get}, with a custom error message when `key` is not in the map.
     *
     * CAUTION: This function is deprecated because it requires allocating memory for the error
     * message unnecessarily. For custom revert reasons use {tryGet}.
     */
    function get(
        UintToUintMap storage map,
        uint256 key,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return uint256(get(map._inner, bytes32(key), errorMessage));
    }

    // UintToAddressMap

    struct UintToAddressMap {
        Bytes32ToBytes32Map _inner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Adds a key-value pair to a map, or updates the value for an existing
     * key. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the key was added to the map, that is if it was not
     * already present.
     */
    function set(
        UintToAddressMap storage map,
        uint256 key,
        address value
    ) internal returns (bool) {
        return set(map._inner, bytes32(key), bytes32(uint256(uint160(value))));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Removes a value from a set. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the key was removed from the map, that is if it was present.
     */
    function remove(UintToAddressMap storage map, uint256 key) internal returns (bool) {
        return remove(map._inner, bytes32(key));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the key is in the map. O(1).
     */
    function contains(UintToAddressMap storage map, uint256 key) internal view returns (bool) {
        return contains(map._inner, bytes32(key));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of elements in the map. O(1).
     */
    function length(UintToAddressMap storage map) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return length(map._inner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the element stored at position `index` in the set. O(1).
     * Note that there are no guarantees on the ordering of values inside the
     * array, and it may change when more values are added or removed.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `index` must be strictly less than {length}.
     */
    function at(UintToAddressMap storage map, uint256 index) internal view returns (uint256, address) {
        (bytes32 key, bytes32 value) = at(map._inner, index);
        return (uint256(key), address(uint160(uint256(value))));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tries to returns the value associated with `key`. O(1).
     * Does not revert if `key` is not in the map.
     */
    function tryGet(UintToAddressMap storage map, uint256 key) internal view returns (bool, address) {
        (bool success, bytes32 value) = tryGet(map._inner, bytes32(key));
        return (success, address(uint160(uint256(value))));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value associated with `key`. O(1).
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `key` must be in the map.
     */
    function get(UintToAddressMap storage map, uint256 key) internal view returns (address) {
        return address(uint160(uint256(get(map._inner, bytes32(key)))));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {get}, with a custom error message when `key` is not in the map.
     *
     * CAUTION: This function is deprecated because it requires allocating memory for the error
     * message unnecessarily. For custom revert reasons use {tryGet}.
     */
    function get(
        UintToAddressMap storage map,
        uint256 key,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal view returns (address) {
        return address(uint160(uint256(get(map._inner, bytes32(key), errorMessage))));
    }

    // AddressToUintMap

    struct AddressToUintMap {
        Bytes32ToBytes32Map _inner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Adds a key-value pair to a map, or updates the value for an existing
     * key. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the key was added to the map, that is if it was not
     * already present.
     */
    function set(
        AddressToUintMap storage map,
        address key,
        uint256 value
    ) internal returns (bool) {
        return set(map._inner, bytes32(uint256(uint160(key))), bytes32(value));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Removes a value from a set. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the key was removed from the map, that is if it was present.
     */
    function remove(AddressToUintMap storage map, address key) internal returns (bool) {
        return remove(map._inner, bytes32(uint256(uint160(key))));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the key is in the map. O(1).
     */
    function contains(AddressToUintMap storage map, address key) internal view returns (bool) {
        return contains(map._inner, bytes32(uint256(uint160(key))));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of elements in the map. O(1).
     */
    function length(AddressToUintMap storage map) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return length(map._inner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the element stored at position `index` in the set. O(1).
     * Note that there are no guarantees on the ordering of values inside the
     * array, and it may change when more values are added or removed.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `index` must be strictly less than {length}.
     */
    function at(AddressToUintMap storage map, uint256 index) internal view returns (address, uint256) {
        (bytes32 key, bytes32 value) = at(map._inner, index);
        return (address(uint160(uint256(key))), uint256(value));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tries to returns the value associated with `key`. O(1).
     * Does not revert if `key` is not in the map.
     */
    function tryGet(AddressToUintMap storage map, address key) internal view returns (bool, uint256) {
        (bool success, bytes32 value) = tryGet(map._inner, bytes32(uint256(uint160(key))));
        return (success, uint256(value));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value associated with `key`. O(1).
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `key` must be in the map.
     */
    function get(AddressToUintMap storage map, address key) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return uint256(get(map._inner, bytes32(uint256(uint160(key)))));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {get}, with a custom error message when `key` is not in the map.
     *
     * CAUTION: This function is deprecated because it requires allocating memory for the error
     * message unnecessarily. For custom revert reasons use {tryGet}.
     */
    function get(
        AddressToUintMap storage map,
        address key,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return uint256(get(map._inner, bytes32(uint256(uint160(key))), errorMessage));
    }

    // Bytes32ToUintMap

    struct Bytes32ToUintMap {
        Bytes32ToBytes32Map _inner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Adds a key-value pair to a map, or updates the value for an existing
     * key. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the key was added to the map, that is if it was not
     * already present.
     */
    function set(
        Bytes32ToUintMap storage map,
        bytes32 key,
        uint256 value
    ) internal returns (bool) {
        return set(map._inner, key, bytes32(value));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Removes a value from a set. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the key was removed from the map, that is if it was present.
     */
    function remove(Bytes32ToUintMap storage map, bytes32 key) internal returns (bool) {
        return remove(map._inner, key);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the key is in the map. O(1).
     */
    function contains(Bytes32ToUintMap storage map, bytes32 key) internal view returns (bool) {
        return contains(map._inner, key);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of elements in the map. O(1).
     */
    function length(Bytes32ToUintMap storage map) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return length(map._inner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the element stored at position `index` in the set. O(1).
     * Note that there are no guarantees on the ordering of values inside the
     * array, and it may change when more values are added or removed.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `index` must be strictly less than {length}.
     */
    function at(Bytes32ToUintMap storage map, uint256 index) internal view returns (bytes32, uint256) {
        (bytes32 key, bytes32 value) = at(map._inner, index);
        return (key, uint256(value));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tries to returns the value associated with `key`. O(1).
     * Does not revert if `key` is not in the map.
     */
    function tryGet(Bytes32ToUintMap storage map, bytes32 key) internal view returns (bool, uint256) {
        (bool success, bytes32 value) = tryGet(map._inner, key);
        return (success, uint256(value));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value associated with `key`. O(1).
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `key` must be in the map.
     */
    function get(Bytes32ToUintMap storage map, bytes32 key) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return uint256(get(map._inner, key));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {get}, with a custom error message when `key` is not in the map.
     *
     * CAUTION: This function is deprecated because it requires allocating memory for the error
     * message unnecessarily. For custom revert reasons use {tryGet}.
     */
    function get(
        Bytes32ToUintMap storage map,
        bytes32 key,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return uint256(get(map._inner, key, errorMessage));
    }
}


// File contracts/libs/EnumerableMapExtended.sol


pragma solidity >=0.6.11;

// ============ External Imports ============

// extends EnumerableMap with uint256 => bytes32 type
// modelled after https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/blob/v4.8.0/contracts/utils/structs/EnumerableMap.sol
library EnumerableMapExtended {
    using EnumerableMap for EnumerableMap.Bytes32ToBytes32Map;

    struct UintToBytes32Map {
        EnumerableMap.Bytes32ToBytes32Map _inner;
    }

    // ============ Library Functions ============
    function keys(UintToBytes32Map storage map)
        internal
        view
        returns (bytes32[] storage)
    {
        return map._inner._keys._inner._values;
    }

    function set(
        UintToBytes32Map storage map,
        uint256 key,
        bytes32 value
    ) internal {
        map._inner.set(bytes32(key), value);
    }

    function get(UintToBytes32Map storage map, uint256 key)
        internal
        view
        returns (bytes32)
    {
        return map._inner.get(bytes32(key));
    }

    function remove(UintToBytes32Map storage map, uint256 key)
        internal
        returns (bool)
    {
        return map._inner.remove(bytes32(key));
    }

    function contains(UintToBytes32Map storage map, uint256 key)
        internal
        view
        returns (bool)
    {
        return map._inner.contains(bytes32(key));
    }

    function length(UintToBytes32Map storage map)
        internal
        view
        returns (uint256)
    {
        return map._inner.length();
    }

    function at(UintToBytes32Map storage map, uint256 index)
        internal
        view
        returns (uint256, bytes32)
    {
        (bytes32 key, bytes32 value) = map._inner.at(index);
        return (uint256(key), value);
    }
}


// File contracts/upgrade/Versioned.sol


pragma solidity >=0.6.11;

/**
 * @title Versioned
 * @notice Version getter for contracts
 **/
contract Versioned {
    uint8 public constant VERSION = 0;
}


// File interfaces/IMessageRecipient.sol


pragma solidity >=0.6.11;

interface IMessageRecipient {
    function handle(
        uint32 _origin,
        bytes32 _sender,
        bytes calldata _message
    ) external;
}


// File contracts/PausableReentrancyGuard.sol


pragma solidity >=0.8.0;

// adapted from "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/security/ReentrancyGuardUpgradeable.sol";
abstract contract PausableReentrancyGuardUpgradeable is Initializable {
    uint256 private constant _NOT_ENTERED = 1;
    uint256 private constant _ENTERED = 2;
    uint256 private constant _PAUSED = 3;

    uint256 private _status;

    /**
     * @dev MUST be called for `nonReentrant` to not always revert
     */
    function __PausableReentrancyGuard_init() internal onlyInitializing {
        _status = _NOT_ENTERED;
    }

    function _isPaused() internal view returns (bool) {
        return _status == _PAUSED;
    }

    function _pause() internal notPaused {
        _status = _PAUSED;
    }

    function _unpause() internal {
        require(_isPaused(), "!paused");
        _status = _NOT_ENTERED;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Prevents a contract from being entered when paused.
     */
    modifier notPaused() {
        require(!_isPaused(), "paused");
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Prevents a contract from calling itself, directly or indirectly.
     * Calling a `nonReentrant` function from another `nonReentrant`
     * function is not supported. It is possible to prevent this from happening
     * by making the `nonReentrant` function external, and making it call a
     * `private` function that does the actual work.
     */
    modifier nonReentrantAndNotPaused() {
        // status must have been initialized
        require(_status == _NOT_ENTERED, "reentrant call (or paused)");

        // Any calls to nonReentrant after this point will fail
        _status = _ENTERED;

        _;

        // By storing the original value once again, a refund is triggered (see
        // https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2200)
        _status = _NOT_ENTERED;
    }

    /**
     * @dev This empty reserved space is put in place to allow future versions to add new
     * variables without shifting down storage in the inheritance chain.
     * See https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/upgradeable#storage_gaps
     */
    uint256[49] private __gap;
}


// File contracts/Mailbox.sol


pragma solidity >=0.8.0;

// ============ Internal Imports ============








// ============ External Imports ============


contract Mailbox is
    IMailbox,
    OwnableUpgradeable,
    PausableReentrancyGuardUpgradeable,
    Versioned
{
    // ============ Libraries ============

    using MerkleLib for MerkleLib.Tree;
    using Message for bytes;
    using TypeCasts for bytes32;
    using TypeCasts for address;

    // ============ Constants ============

    // Maximum bytes per message = 2 KiB (somewhat arbitrarily set to begin)
    uint256 public constant MAX_MESSAGE_BODY_BYTES = 2 * 2**10;
    // Domain of chain on which the contract is deployed
    uint32 public immutable localDomain;

    // ============ Public Storage ============

    // The default ISM, used if the recipient fails to specify one.
    IInterchainSecurityModule public defaultIsm;
    // An incremental merkle tree used to store outbound message IDs.
    MerkleLib.Tree public tree;
    // Mapping of message ID to whether or not that message has been delivered.
    mapping(bytes32 => bool) public delivered;

    // ============ Upgrade Gap ============

    // gap for upgrade safety
    uint256[47] private __GAP;

    // ============ Events ============

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when the default ISM is updated
     * @param module The new default ISM
     */
    event DefaultIsmSet(address indexed module);

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when a new message is dispatched via Hyperlane
     * @param sender The address that dispatched the message
     * @param destination The destination domain of the message
     * @param recipient The message recipient address on `destination`
     * @param message Raw bytes of message
     */
    event Dispatch(
        address indexed sender,
        uint32 indexed destination,
        bytes32 indexed recipient,
        bytes message
    );

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when a new message is dispatched via Hyperlane
     * @param messageId The unique message identifier
     */
    event DispatchId(bytes32 indexed messageId);

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when a Hyperlane message is processed
     * @param messageId The unique message identifier
     */
    event ProcessId(bytes32 indexed messageId);

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when a Hyperlane message is delivered
     * @param origin The origin domain of the message
     * @param sender The message sender address on `origin`
     * @param recipient The address that handled the message
     */
    event Process(
        uint32 indexed origin,
        bytes32 indexed sender,
        address indexed recipient
    );

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when Mailbox is paused
     */
    event Paused();

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when Mailbox is unpaused
     */
    event Unpaused();

    // ============ Constructor ============

    // solhint-disable-next-line no-empty-blocks
    constructor(uint32 _localDomain) {
        localDomain = _localDomain;
    }

    // ============ Initializers ============

    function initialize(address _owner, address _defaultIsm)
        external
        initializer
    {
        __PausableReentrancyGuard_init();
        __Ownable_init();
        transferOwnership(_owner);
        _setDefaultIsm(_defaultIsm);
    }

    // ============ External Functions ============

    /**
     * @notice Sets the default ISM for the Mailbox.
     * @param _module The new default ISM. Must be a contract.
     */
    function setDefaultIsm(address _module) external onlyOwner {
        _setDefaultIsm(_module);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Dispatches a message to the destination domain & recipient.
     * @param _destinationDomain Domain of destination chain
     * @param _recipientAddress Address of recipient on destination chain as bytes32
     * @param _messageBody Raw bytes content of message body
     * @return The message ID inserted into the Mailbox's merkle tree
     */
    function dispatch(
        uint32 _destinationDomain,
        bytes32 _recipientAddress,
        bytes calldata _messageBody
    ) external override notPaused returns (bytes32) {
        require(_messageBody.length <= MAX_MESSAGE_BODY_BYTES, "msg too long");
        // Format the message into packed bytes.
        bytes memory _message = Message.formatMessage(
            VERSION,
            count(),
            localDomain,
            msg.sender.addressToBytes32(),
            _destinationDomain,
            _recipientAddress,
            _messageBody
        );

        // Insert the message ID into the merkle tree.
        bytes32 _id = _message.id();
        tree.insert(_id);
        emit Dispatch(
            msg.sender,
            _destinationDomain,
            _recipientAddress,
            _message
        );
        emit DispatchId(_id);
        return _id;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Attempts to deliver `_message` to its recipient. Verifies
     * `_message` via the recipient's ISM using the provided `_metadata`.
     * @param _metadata Metadata used by the ISM to verify `_message`.
     * @param _message Formatted Hyperlane message (refer to Message.sol).
     */
    function process(bytes calldata _metadata, bytes calldata _message)
        external
        override
        nonReentrantAndNotPaused
    {
        // Check that the message was intended for this mailbox.
        require(_message.version() == VERSION, "!version");
        require(_message.destination() == localDomain, "!destination");

        // Check that the message hasn't already been delivered.
        bytes32 _id = _message.id();
        require(delivered[_id] == false, "delivered");
        delivered[_id] = true;

        // Verify the message via the ISM.
        IInterchainSecurityModule _ism = IInterchainSecurityModule(
            recipientIsm(_message.recipientAddress())
        );
        require(_ism.verify(_metadata, _message), "!module");

        // Deliver the message to the recipient.
        uint32 origin = _message.origin();
        bytes32 sender = _message.sender();
        address recipient = _message.recipientAddress();
        IMessageRecipient(recipient).handle(origin, sender, _message.body());
        emit Process(origin, sender, recipient);
        emit ProcessId(_id);
    }

    // ============ Public Functions ============

    /**
     * @notice Calculates and returns tree's current root
     */
    function root() public view returns (bytes32) {
        return tree.root();
    }

    /**
     * @notice Returns the number of inserted leaves in the tree
     */
    function count() public view returns (uint32) {
        // count cannot exceed 2**TREE_DEPTH, see MerkleLib.sol
        return uint32(tree.count);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Returns a checkpoint representing the current merkle tree.
     * @return root The root of the Mailbox's merkle tree.
     * @return index The index of the last element in the tree.
     */
    function latestCheckpoint() public view returns (bytes32, uint32) {
        return (root(), count() - 1);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Pauses mailbox and prevents further dispatch/process calls
     * @dev Only `owner` can pause the mailbox.
     */
    function pause() external onlyOwner {
        _pause();
        emit Paused();
    }

    /**
     * @notice Unpauses mailbox and allows for message processing.
     * @dev Only `owner` can unpause the mailbox.
     */
    function unpause() external onlyOwner {
        _unpause();
        emit Unpaused();
    }

    /**
     * @notice Returns whether mailbox is paused.
     */
    function isPaused() external view returns (bool) {
        return _isPaused();
    }

    /**
     * @notice Returns the ISM to use for the recipient, defaulting to the
     * default ISM if none is specified.
     * @param _recipient The message recipient whose ISM should be returned.
     * @return The ISM to use for `_recipient`.
     */
    function recipientIsm(address _recipient)
        public
        view
        returns (IInterchainSecurityModule)
    {
        // Use a default interchainSecurityModule if one is not specified by the
        // recipient.
        // This is useful for backwards compatibility and for convenience as
        // recipients are not mandated to specify an ISM.
        try
            ISpecifiesInterchainSecurityModule(_recipient)
                .interchainSecurityModule()
        returns (IInterchainSecurityModule _val) {
            // If the recipient specifies a zero address, use the default ISM.
            if (address(_val) != address(0)) {
                return _val;
            }
        } catch {}
        return defaultIsm;
    }

    // ============ Internal Functions ============

    /**
     * @notice Sets the default ISM for the Mailbox.
     * @param _module The new default ISM. Must be a contract.
     */
    function _setDefaultIsm(address _module) internal {
        require(Address.isContract(_module), "!contract");
        defaultIsm = IInterchainSecurityModule(_module);
        emit DefaultIsmSet(_module);
    }
}


// File contracts/Call.sol


pragma solidity ^0.8.13;

struct Call {
    address to;
    bytes data;
}


// File contracts/OwnableMulticall.sol


pragma solidity ^0.8.13;

// ============ External Imports ============


/*
 * @title OwnableMulticall
 * @dev Allows only only address to execute calls to other contracts
 */
contract OwnableMulticall is OwnableUpgradeable {
    constructor() {
        _transferOwnership(msg.sender);
    }

    function initialize() external initializer {
        _transferOwnership(msg.sender);
    }

    function proxyCalls(Call[] calldata calls) external onlyOwner {
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < calls.length; i += 1) {
            (bool success, bytes memory returnData) = calls[i].to.call(
                calls[i].data
            );
            if (!success) {
                assembly {
                    revert(add(returnData, 32), returnData)
                }
            }
        }
    }

    function _call(Call[] memory calls, bytes[] memory callbacks)
        internal
        returns (bytes[] memory resolveCalls)
    {
        resolveCalls = new bytes[](callbacks.length);
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < calls.length; i++) {
            (bool success, bytes memory returnData) = calls[i].to.call(
                calls[i].data
            );
            require(success, "Multicall: call failed");
            resolveCalls[i] = bytes.concat(callbacks[i], returnData);
        }
    }

    // TODO: deduplicate
    function proxyCallBatch(address to, bytes[] memory calls) internal {
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < calls.length; i += 1) {
            (bool success, bytes memory returnData) = to.call(calls[i]);
            if (!success) {
                assembly {
                    revert(add(returnData, 32), returnData)
                }
            }
        }
    }
}


// File contracts/Router.sol


pragma solidity >=0.6.11;

// ============ Internal Imports ============





abstract contract Router is HyperlaneConnectionClient, IMessageRecipient {
    using EnumerableMapExtended for EnumerableMapExtended.UintToBytes32Map;

    string constant NO_ROUTER_ENROLLED_REVERT_MESSAGE =
        "No router enrolled for domain. Did you specify the right domain ID?";

    // ============ Mutable Storage ============
    EnumerableMapExtended.UintToBytes32Map internal _routers;
    uint256[49] private __GAP; // gap for upgrade safety

    // ============ Events ============

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when a router is set.
     * @param domain The domain of the new router
     * @param router The address of the new router
     */
    event RemoteRouterEnrolled(uint32 indexed domain, bytes32 indexed router);

    // ============ Modifiers ============
    /**
     * @notice Only accept messages from a remote Router contract
     * @param _origin The domain the message is coming from
     * @param _router The address the message is coming from
     */
    modifier onlyRemoteRouter(uint32 _origin, bytes32 _router) {
        require(
            _isRemoteRouter(_origin, _router),
            NO_ROUTER_ENROLLED_REVERT_MESSAGE
        );
        _;
    }

    // ======== Initializer =========
    function __Router_initialize(address _mailbox) internal onlyInitializing {
        __HyperlaneConnectionClient_initialize(_mailbox);
    }

    function __Router_initialize(
        address _mailbox,
        address _interchainGasPaymaster
    ) internal onlyInitializing {
        __HyperlaneConnectionClient_initialize(
            _mailbox,
            _interchainGasPaymaster
        );
    }

    function __Router_initialize(
        address _mailbox,
        address _interchainGasPaymaster,
        address _interchainSecurityModule
    ) internal onlyInitializing {
        __HyperlaneConnectionClient_initialize(
            _mailbox,
            _interchainGasPaymaster,
            _interchainSecurityModule
        );
    }

    // ============ External functions ============
    function domains() external view returns (uint32[] memory) {
        bytes32[] storage rawKeys = _routers.keys();
        uint32[] memory keys = new uint32[](rawKeys.length);
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < rawKeys.length; i++) {
            keys[i] = uint32(uint256(rawKeys[i]));
        }
        return keys;
    }

    function routers(uint32 _domain) public view returns (bytes32) {
        if (_routers.contains(_domain)) {
            return _routers.get(_domain);
        } else {
            return bytes32(0); // for backwards compatibility with storage mapping
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Register the address of a Router contract for the same Application on a remote chain
     * @param _domain The domain of the remote Application Router
     * @param _router The address of the remote Application Router
     */
    function enrollRemoteRouter(uint32 _domain, bytes32 _router)
        external
        virtual
        onlyOwner
    {
        _enrollRemoteRouter(_domain, _router);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Batch version of `enrollRemoteRouter`
     * @param _domains The domaisn of the remote Application Routers
     * @param _addresses The addresses of the remote Application Routers
     */
    function enrollRemoteRouters(
        uint32[] calldata _domains,
        bytes32[] calldata _addresses
    ) external virtual onlyOwner {
        require(_domains.length == _addresses.length, "!length");
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < _domains.length; i += 1) {
            _enrollRemoteRouter(_domains[i], _addresses[i]);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Handles an incoming message
     * @param _origin The origin domain
     * @param _sender The sender address
     * @param _message The message
     */
    function handle(
        uint32 _origin,
        bytes32 _sender,
        bytes calldata _message
    ) external virtual override onlyMailbox onlyRemoteRouter(_origin, _sender) {
        // TODO: callbacks on success/failure
        _handle(_origin, _sender, _message);
    }

    // ============ Virtual functions ============
    function _handle(
        uint32 _origin,
        bytes32 _sender,
        bytes calldata _message
    ) internal virtual;

    // ============ Internal functions ============

    /**
     * @notice Set the router for a given domain
     * @param _domain The domain
     * @param _address The new router
     */
    function _enrollRemoteRouter(uint32 _domain, bytes32 _address) internal {
        _routers.set(_domain, _address);
        emit RemoteRouterEnrolled(_domain, _address);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Return true if the given domain / router is the address of a remote Application Router
     * @param _domain The domain of the potential remote Application Router
     * @param _address The address of the potential remote Application Router
     */
    function _isRemoteRouter(uint32 _domain, bytes32 _address)
        internal
        view
        returns (bool)
    {
        return routers(_domain) == _address;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Assert that the given domain has a Application Router registered and return its address
     * @param _domain The domain of the chain for which to get the Application Router
     * @return _router The address of the remote Application Router on _domain
     */
    function _mustHaveRemoteRouter(uint32 _domain)
        internal
        view
        returns (bytes32 _router)
    {
        _router = routers(_domain);
        require(_router != bytes32(0), NO_ROUTER_ENROLLED_REVERT_MESSAGE);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Dispatches a message to an enrolled router via the local router's Mailbox
     * and pays for it to be relayed to the destination.
     * @dev Reverts if there is no enrolled router for _destinationDomain.
     * @param _destinationDomain The domain of the chain to which to send the message.
     * @param _messageBody Raw bytes content of message.
     * @param _gasAmount The amount of destination gas for the message that is requested via the InterchainGasPaymaster.
     * @param _gasPayment The amount of native tokens to pay for the message to be relayed.
     * @param _gasPaymentRefundAddress The address to refund any gas overpayment to.
     */
    function _dispatchWithGas(
        uint32 _destinationDomain,
        bytes memory _messageBody,
        uint256 _gasAmount,
        uint256 _gasPayment,
        address _gasPaymentRefundAddress
    ) internal returns (bytes32 _messageId) {
        _messageId = _dispatch(_destinationDomain, _messageBody);
        // Call the IGP even if the gas payment is zero. This is to support on-chain
        // fee quoting in IGPs, which should always revert if gas payment is insufficient.
        interchainGasPaymaster.payForGas{value: _gasPayment}(
            _messageId,
            _destinationDomain,
            _gasAmount,
            _gasPaymentRefundAddress
        );
    }

    /**
     * @notice Dispatches a message to an enrolled router via the provided Mailbox.
     * @dev Does not pay interchain gas.
     * @dev Reverts if there is no enrolled router for _destinationDomain.
     * @param _destinationDomain The domain of the chain to which to send the message.
     * @param _messageBody Raw bytes content of message.
     */
    function _dispatch(uint32 _destinationDomain, bytes memory _messageBody)
        internal
        virtual
        returns (bytes32)
    {
        // Ensure that destination chain has an enrolled router.
        bytes32 _router = _mustHaveRemoteRouter(_destinationDomain);
        return mailbox.dispatch(_destinationDomain, _router, _messageBody);
    }
}


// File interfaces/IInterchainAccountRouter.sol


pragma solidity >=0.6.11;

interface IInterchainAccountRouter {
    function dispatch(uint32 _destinationDomain, Call[] calldata calls)
        external
        returns (bytes32);

    function dispatch(
        uint32 _destinationDomain,
        address target,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external returns (bytes32);

    function getInterchainAccount(uint32 _originDomain, address _sender)
        external
        view
        returns (address);
}


// File contracts/libs/MinimalProxy.sol


pragma solidity >=0.6.11;

// Library for building bytecode of minimal proxies (see https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1167)
library MinimalProxy {
    bytes20 constant PREFIX = hex"3d602d80600a3d3981f3363d3d373d3d3d363d73";
    bytes15 constant SUFFIX = hex"5af43d82803e903d91602b57fd5bf3";

    function bytecode(address implementation)
        internal
        pure
        returns (bytes memory)
    {
        return abi.encodePacked(PREFIX, bytes20(implementation), SUFFIX);
    }
}


// File @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/[email protected]


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.8.0) (utils/Create2.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Helper to make usage of the `CREATE2` EVM opcode easier and safer.
 * `CREATE2` can be used to compute in advance the address where a smart
 * contract will be deployed, which allows for interesting new mechanisms known
 * as 'counterfactual interactions'.
 *
 * See the https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1014#motivation[EIP] for more
 * information.
 */
library Create2 {
    /**
     * @dev Deploys a contract using `CREATE2`. The address where the contract
     * will be deployed can be known in advance via {computeAddress}.
     *
     * The bytecode for a contract can be obtained from Solidity with
     * `type(contractName).creationCode`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `bytecode` must not be empty.
     * - `salt` must have not been used for `bytecode` already.
     * - the factory must have a balance of at least `amount`.
     * - if `amount` is non-zero, `bytecode` must have a `payable` constructor.
     */
    function deploy(
        uint256 amount,
        bytes32 salt,
        bytes memory bytecode
    ) internal returns (address addr) {
        require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Create2: insufficient balance");
        require(bytecode.length != 0, "Create2: bytecode length is zero");
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            addr := create2(amount, add(bytecode, 0x20), mload(bytecode), salt)
        }
        require(addr != address(0), "Create2: Failed on deploy");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address where a contract will be stored if deployed via {deploy}. Any change in the
     * `bytecodeHash` or `salt` will result in a new destination address.
     */
    function computeAddress(bytes32 salt, bytes32 bytecodeHash) internal view returns (address) {
        return computeAddress(salt, bytecodeHash, address(this));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address where a contract will be stored if deployed via {deploy} from a contract located at
     * `deployer`. If `deployer` is this contract's address, returns the same value as {computeAddress}.
     */
    function computeAddress(
        bytes32 salt,
        bytes32 bytecodeHash,
        address deployer
    ) internal pure returns (address addr) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            let ptr := mload(0x40) // Get free memory pointer

            // |                   | ↓ ptr ...  ↓ ptr + 0x0B (start) ...  ↓ ptr + 0x20 ...  ↓ ptr + 0x40 ...   |
            // |-------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------|
            // | bytecodeHash      |                                                        CCCCCCCCCCCCC...CC |
            // | salt              |                                      BBBBBBBBBBBBB...BB                   |
            // | deployer          | 000000...0000AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA...AA                                     |
            // | 0xFF              |            FF                                                             |
            // |-------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------|
            // | memory            | 000000...00FFAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA...AABBBBBBBBBBBBB...BBCCCCCCCCCCCCC...CC |
            // | keccak(start, 85) |            ↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑ |

            mstore(add(ptr, 0x40), bytecodeHash)
            mstore(add(ptr, 0x20), salt)
            mstore(ptr, deployer) // Right-aligned with 12 preceding garbage bytes
            let start := add(ptr, 0x0b) // The hashed data starts at the final garbage byte which we will set to 0xff
            mstore8(start, 0xff)
            addr := keccak256(start, 85)
        }
    }
}


// File contracts/middleware/InterchainAccountRouter.sol


pragma solidity ^0.8.13;

// ============ Internal Imports ============




// ============ External Imports ============



/*
 * @title The Hello World App
 * @dev You can use this simple app as a starting point for your own application.
 */
contract InterchainAccountRouter is Router, IInterchainAccountRouter {
    address immutable implementation;
    bytes32 immutable bytecodeHash;

    event InterchainAccountCreated(
        uint32 indexed origin,
        address sender,
        address account
    );

    constructor() {
        implementation = address(new OwnableMulticall());
        // cannot be stored immutably because it is dynamically sized
        bytes memory bytecode = MinimalProxy.bytecode(implementation);
        bytecodeHash = keccak256(bytecode);
    }

    function initialize(
        address _mailbox,
        address _interchainGasPaymaster,
        address _interchainSecurityModule
    ) public initializer {
        // Transfer ownership of the contract to `msg.sender`
        __Router_initialize(
            _mailbox,
            _interchainGasPaymaster,
            _interchainSecurityModule
        );
    }

    function initialize(address _mailbox, address _interchainGasPaymaster)
        public
        initializer
    {
        // Transfer ownership of the contract to `msg.sender`
        __Router_initialize(_mailbox, _interchainGasPaymaster);
    }

    function dispatch(uint32 _destinationDomain, Call[] calldata calls)
        external
        returns (bytes32)
    {
        return _dispatch(_destinationDomain, abi.encode(msg.sender, calls));
    }

    function dispatch(
        uint32 _destinationDomain,
        address target,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external returns (bytes32) {
        Call[] memory calls = new Call[](1);
        calls[0] = Call({to: target, data: data});
        return _dispatch(_destinationDomain, abi.encode(msg.sender, calls));
    }

    function getInterchainAccount(uint32 _origin, address _sender)
        public
        view
        returns (address)
    {
        return _getInterchainAccount(_salt(_origin, _sender));
    }

    function getDeployedInterchainAccount(uint32 _origin, address _sender)
        public
        returns (OwnableMulticall)
    {
        bytes32 salt = _salt(_origin, _sender);
        address interchainAccount = _getInterchainAccount(salt);
        if (!Address.isContract(interchainAccount)) {
            bytes memory bytecode = MinimalProxy.bytecode(implementation);
            interchainAccount = Create2.deploy(0, salt, bytecode);
            OwnableMulticall(interchainAccount).initialize();
            emit InterchainAccountCreated(_origin, _sender, interchainAccount);
        }
        return OwnableMulticall(interchainAccount);
    }

    function _salt(uint32 _origin, address _sender)
        internal
        pure
        returns (bytes32)
    {
        return bytes32(abi.encodePacked(_origin, _sender));
    }

    function _getInterchainAccount(bytes32 salt)
        internal
        view
        returns (address)
    {
        return Create2.computeAddress(salt, bytecodeHash);
    }

    function _handle(
        uint32 _origin,
        bytes32, // router sender
        bytes calldata _message
    ) internal override {
        (address sender, Call[] memory calls) = abi.decode(
            _message,
            (address, Call[])
        );
        getDeployedInterchainAccount(_origin, sender).proxyCalls(calls);
    }
}


// File interfaces/IInterchainQueryRouter.sol


pragma solidity >=0.6.11;

interface IInterchainQueryRouter {
    function query(
        uint32 _destinationDomain,
        address target,
        bytes calldata queryData,
        bytes calldata callback
    ) external returns (bytes32);

    function query(
        uint32 _destinationDomain,
        Call calldata call,
        bytes calldata callback
    ) external returns (bytes32);

    function query(
        uint32 _destinationDomain,
        Call[] calldata calls,
        bytes[] calldata callbacks
    ) external returns (bytes32);
}


// File contracts/middleware/InterchainQueryRouter.sol


pragma solidity ^0.8.13;

// ============ Internal Imports ============



// ============ External Imports ============



contract InterchainQueryRouter is
    Router,
    OwnableMulticall,
    IInterchainQueryRouter
{
    enum Action {
        DISPATCH,
        RESOLVE
    }

    event QueryDispatched(
        uint32 indexed destinationDomain,
        address indexed sender
    );
    event QueryReturned(uint32 indexed originDomain, address indexed sender);
    event QueryResolved(
        uint32 indexed destinationDomain,
        address indexed sender
    );

    function initialize(
        address _mailbox,
        address _interchainGasPaymaster,
        address _interchainSecurityModule
    ) public initializer {
        // Transfer ownership of the contract to `msg.sender`
        __Router_initialize(
            _mailbox,
            _interchainGasPaymaster,
            _interchainSecurityModule
        );
    }

    function initialize(address _mailbox, address _interchainGasPaymaster)
        public
        initializer
    {
        // Transfer ownership of the contract to `msg.sender`
        __Router_initialize(_mailbox, _interchainGasPaymaster);
    }

    /**
     * @param _destinationDomain Domain of destination chain
     * @param target The address of the contract to query on destination chain.
     * @param queryData The calldata of the view call to make on the destination chain.
     * @param callback Callback function selector on `msg.sender` and optionally abi-encoded prefix arguments.
     */
    function query(
        uint32 _destinationDomain,
        address target,
        bytes calldata queryData,
        bytes calldata callback
    ) external returns (bytes32 messageId) {
        // TODO: fix this ugly arrayification
        Call[] memory calls = new Call[](1);
        calls[0] = Call({to: target, data: queryData});
        bytes[] memory callbacks = new bytes[](1);
        callbacks[0] = callback;
        messageId = query(_destinationDomain, calls, callbacks);
    }

    /**
     * @param _destinationDomain Domain of destination chain
     * @param call Call (to and data packed struct) to be made on destination chain.
     * @param callback Callback function selector on `msg.sender` and optionally abi-encoded prefix arguments.
     */
    function query(
        uint32 _destinationDomain,
        Call calldata call,
        bytes calldata callback
    ) external returns (bytes32 messageId) {
        // TODO: fix this ugly arrayification
        Call[] memory calls = new Call[](1);
        calls[0] = call;
        bytes[] memory callbacks = new bytes[](1);
        callbacks[0] = callback;
        messageId = query(_destinationDomain, calls, callbacks);
    }

    /**
     * @param _destinationDomain Domain of destination chain
     * @param calls Array of calls (to and data packed struct) to be made on destination chain in sequence.
     * @param callbacks Array of callback function selectors on `msg.sender` and optionally abi-encoded prefix arguments.
     */
    function query(
        uint32 _destinationDomain,
        Call[] memory calls,
        bytes[] memory callbacks
    ) public returns (bytes32 messageId) {
        require(
            calls.length == callbacks.length,
            "InterchainQueryRouter: calls and callbacks must be same length"
        );
        messageId = _dispatch(
            _destinationDomain,
            abi.encode(Action.DISPATCH, msg.sender, calls, callbacks)
        );
        emit QueryDispatched(_destinationDomain, msg.sender);
    }

    // TODO: add REJECT behavior ala NodeJS Promise API
    function _handle(
        uint32 _origin,
        bytes32, // router sender
        bytes calldata _message
    ) internal override {
        // TODO: fix double ABI decoding with calldata slices
        Action action = abi.decode(_message, (Action));
        if (action == Action.DISPATCH) {
            (
                ,
                address sender,
                Call[] memory calls,
                bytes[] memory callbacks
            ) = abi.decode(_message, (Action, address, Call[], bytes[]));
            bytes[] memory resolveCallbacks = _call(calls, callbacks);
            _dispatch(
                _origin,
                abi.encode(Action.RESOLVE, sender, resolveCallbacks)
            );
            emit QueryReturned(_origin, sender);
        } else if (action == Action.RESOLVE) {
            (, address sender, bytes[] memory resolveCallbacks) = abi.decode(
                _message,
                (Action, address, bytes[])
            );
            proxyCallBatch(sender, resolveCallbacks);
            emit QueryResolved(_origin, sender);
        }
    }
}


// File contracts/middleware/liquidity-layer/interfaces/circle/ICircleBridge.sol


pragma solidity ^0.8.13;

interface ICircleBridge {
    event MessageSent(bytes message);

    /**
     * @notice Deposits and burns tokens from sender to be minted on destination domain.
     * Emits a `DepositForBurn` event.
     * @dev reverts if:
     * - given burnToken is not supported
     * - given destinationDomain has no CircleBridge registered
     * - transferFrom() reverts. For example, if sender's burnToken balance or approved allowance
     * to this contract is less than `amount`.
     * - burn() reverts. For example, if `amount` is 0.
     * - MessageTransmitter returns false or reverts.
     * @param _amount amount of tokens to burn
     * @param _destinationDomain destination domain (ETH = 0, AVAX = 1)
     * @param _mintRecipient address of mint recipient on destination domain
     * @param _burnToken address of contract to burn deposited tokens, on local domain
     * @return _nonce unique nonce reserved by message
     */
    function depositForBurn(
        uint256 _amount,
        uint32 _destinationDomain,
        bytes32 _mintRecipient,
        address _burnToken
    ) external returns (uint64 _nonce);

    /**
     * @notice Deposits and burns tokens from sender to be minted on destination domain. The mint
     * on the destination domain must be called by `_destinationCaller`.
     * WARNING: if the `_destinationCaller` does not represent a valid address as bytes32, then it will not be possible
     * to broadcast the message on the destination domain. This is an advanced feature, and the standard
     * depositForBurn() should be preferred for use cases where a specific destination caller is not required.
     * Emits a `DepositForBurn` event.
     * @dev reverts if:
     * - given destinationCaller is zero address
     * - given burnToken is not supported
     * - given destinationDomain has no CircleBridge registered
     * - transferFrom() reverts. For example, if sender's burnToken balance or approved allowance
     * to this contract is less than `amount`.
     * - burn() reverts. For example, if `amount` is 0.
     * - MessageTransmitter returns false or reverts.
     * @param _amount amount of tokens to burn
     * @param _destinationDomain destination domain
     * @param _mintRecipient address of mint recipient on destination domain
     * @param _burnToken address of contract to burn deposited tokens, on local domain
     * @param _destinationCaller caller on the destination domain, as bytes32
     * @return _nonce unique nonce reserved by message
     */
    function depositForBurnWithCaller(
        uint256 _amount,
        uint32 _destinationDomain,
        bytes32 _mintRecipient,
        address _burnToken,
        bytes32 _destinationCaller
    ) external returns (uint64 _nonce);
}


// File contracts/middleware/liquidity-layer/interfaces/circle/ICircleMessageTransmitter.sol


pragma solidity ^0.8.13;

interface ICircleMessageTransmitter {
    /**
     * @notice Receive a message. Messages with a given nonce
     * can only be broadcast once for a (sourceDomain, destinationDomain)
     * pair. The message body of a valid message is passed to the
     * specified recipient for further processing.
     *
     * @dev Attestation format:
     * A valid attestation is the concatenated 65-byte signature(s) of exactly
     * `thresholdSignature` signatures, in increasing order of attester address.
     * ***If the attester addresses recovered from signatures are not in
     * increasing order, signature verification will fail.***
     * If incorrect number of signatures or duplicate signatures are supplied,
     * signature verification will fail.
     *
     * Message format:
     * Field Bytes Type Index
     * version 4 uint32 0
     * sourceDomain 4 uint32 4
     * destinationDomain 4 uint32 8
     * nonce 8 uint64 12
     * sender 32 bytes32 20
     * recipient 32 bytes32 52
     * messageBody dynamic bytes 84
     * @param _message Message bytes
     * @param _attestation Concatenated 65-byte signature(s) of `_message`, in increasing order
     * of the attester address recovered from signatures.
     * @return success bool, true if successful
     */
    function receiveMessage(bytes memory _message, bytes calldata _attestation)
        external
        returns (bool success);

    function usedNonces(bytes32 _nonceId) external view returns (bool);
}


// File contracts/middleware/liquidity-layer/interfaces/ILiquidityLayerAdapter.sol


pragma solidity ^0.8.13;

interface ILiquidityLayerAdapter {
    function sendTokens(
        uint32 _destinationDomain,
        bytes32 _recipientAddress,
        address _token,
        uint256 _amount
    ) external returns (bytes memory _adapterData);

    function receiveTokens(
        uint32 _originDomain, // Hyperlane domain
        address _recipientAddress,
        uint256 _amount,
        bytes calldata _adapterData // The adapter data from the message
    ) external returns (address, uint256);
}


// File @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/[email protected]


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.6.0) (token/ERC20/IERC20.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC20 standard as defined in the EIP.
 */
interface IERC20 {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens are moved from one account (`from`) to
     * another (`to`).
     *
     * Note that `value` may be zero.
     */
    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the allowance of a `spender` for an `owner` is set by
     * a call to {approve}. `value` is the new allowance.
     */
    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens in existence.
     */
    function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens owned by `account`.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from the caller's account to `to`.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transfer(address to, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remaining number of tokens that `spender` will be
     * allowed to spend on behalf of `owner` through {transferFrom}. This is
     * zero by default.
     *
     * This value changes when {approve} or {transferFrom} are called.
     */
    function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the caller's tokens.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk
     * that someone may use both the old and the new allowance by unfortunate
     * transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this race
     * condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the
     * desired value afterwards:
     * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     */
    function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from `from` to `to` using the
     * allowance mechanism. `amount` is then deducted from the caller's
     * allowance.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 amount
    ) external returns (bool);
}


// File contracts/middleware/liquidity-layer/adapters/CircleBridgeAdapter.sol


pragma solidity ^0.8.13;



contract CircleBridgeAdapter is ILiquidityLayerAdapter, Router {
    /// @notice The CircleBridge contract.
    ICircleBridge public circleBridge;

    /// @notice The Circle MessageTransmitter contract.
    ICircleMessageTransmitter public circleMessageTransmitter;

    /// @notice The LiquidityLayerRouter contract.
    address public liquidityLayerRouter;

    /// @notice Hyperlane domain => Circle domain.
    /// ATM, known Circle domains are Ethereum = 0 and Avalanche = 1.
    /// Note this could result in ambiguity between the Circle domain being
    /// Ethereum or unknown. TODO fix?
    mapping(uint32 => uint32) public hyperlaneDomainToCircleDomain;

    /// @notice Token symbol => address of token on local chain.
    mapping(string => IERC20) public tokenSymbolToAddress;

    /// @notice Local chain token address => token symbol.
    mapping(address => string) public tokenAddressToSymbol;

    /**
     * @notice Emits the nonce of the Circle message when a token is bridged.
     * @param nonce The nonce of the Circle message.
     */
    event BridgedToken(uint64 nonce);

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when the Hyperlane domain to Circle domain mapping is updated.
     * @param hyperlaneDomain The Hyperlane domain.
     * @param circleDomain The Circle domain.
     */
    event DomainAdded(uint32 indexed hyperlaneDomain, uint32 circleDomain);

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when a local token and its token symbol have been added.
     */
    event TokenAdded(address indexed token, string indexed symbol);

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when a local token and its token symbol have been removed.
     */
    event TokenRemoved(address indexed token, string indexed symbol);

    modifier onlyLiquidityLayerRouter() {
        require(msg.sender == liquidityLayerRouter, "!liquidityLayerRouter");
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @param _owner The new owner.
     * @param _circleBridge The CircleBridge contract.
     * @param _circleMessageTransmitter The Circle MessageTransmitter contract.
     * @param _liquidityLayerRouter The LiquidityLayerRouter contract.
     */
    function initialize(
        address _owner,
        address _circleBridge,
        address _circleMessageTransmitter,
        address _liquidityLayerRouter
    ) public initializer {
        // Transfer ownership of the contract to deployer
        _transferOwnership(_owner);

        circleBridge = ICircleBridge(_circleBridge);
        circleMessageTransmitter = ICircleMessageTransmitter(
            _circleMessageTransmitter
        );
        liquidityLayerRouter = _liquidityLayerRouter;
    }

    function sendTokens(
        uint32 _destinationDomain,
        bytes32, // _recipientAddress, unused
        address _token,
        uint256 _amount
    ) external onlyLiquidityLayerRouter returns (bytes memory) {
        string memory _tokenSymbol = tokenAddressToSymbol[_token];
        require(
            bytes(_tokenSymbol).length > 0,
            "CircleBridgeAdapter: Unknown token"
        );

        uint32 _circleDomain = hyperlaneDomainToCircleDomain[
            _destinationDomain
        ];
        bytes32 _remoteRouter = routers(_destinationDomain);
        require(
            _remoteRouter != bytes32(0),
            "CircleBridgeAdapter: No router for domain"
        );

        // Approve the token to Circle. We assume that the LiquidityLayerRouter
        // has already transferred the token to this contract.
        require(
            IERC20(_token).approve(address(circleBridge), _amount),
            "!approval"
        );

        uint64 _nonce = circleBridge.depositForBurn(
            _amount,
            _circleDomain,
            _remoteRouter, // Mint to the remote router
            _token
        );

        emit BridgedToken(_nonce);
        return abi.encode(_nonce, _tokenSymbol);
    }

    // Returns the token and amount sent
    function receiveTokens(
        uint32 _originDomain, // Hyperlane domain
        address _recipient,
        uint256 _amount,
        bytes calldata _adapterData // The adapter data from the message
    ) external onlyLiquidityLayerRouter returns (address, uint256) {
        // The origin Circle domain
        uint32 _originCircleDomain = hyperlaneDomainToCircleDomain[
            _originDomain
        ];
        // Get the token symbol and nonce of the transfer from the _adapterData
        (uint64 _nonce, string memory _tokenSymbol) = abi.decode(
            _adapterData,
            (uint64, string)
        );

        // Require the circle message to have been processed
        bytes32 _nonceId = _circleNonceId(_originCircleDomain, _nonce);
        require(
            circleMessageTransmitter.usedNonces(_nonceId),
            "Circle message not processed yet"
        );

        IERC20 _token = tokenSymbolToAddress[_tokenSymbol];
        require(
            address(_token) != address(0),
            "CircleBridgeAdapter: Unknown token"
        );

        // Transfer the token out to the recipient
        // TODO: use safeTransfer
        // Circle doesn't charge any fee, so we can safely transfer out the
        // exact amount that was bridged over.
        require(_token.transfer(_recipient, _amount), "!transfer out");

        return (address(_token), _amount);
    }

    // This contract is only a Router to be aware of remote router addresses,
    // and doesn't actually send/handle Hyperlane messages directly
    function _handle(
        uint32, // origin
        bytes32, // sender
        bytes calldata // message
    ) internal pure override {
        revert("No messages expected");
    }

    function addDomain(uint32 _hyperlaneDomain, uint32 _circleDomain)
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        hyperlaneDomainToCircleDomain[_hyperlaneDomain] = _circleDomain;

        emit DomainAdded(_hyperlaneDomain, _circleDomain);
    }

    function addToken(address _token, string calldata _tokenSymbol)
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        require(
            _token != address(0) && bytes(_tokenSymbol).length > 0,
            "Cannot add default values"
        );

        // Require the token and token symbol to be unset.
        address _existingToken = address(tokenSymbolToAddress[_tokenSymbol]);
        require(_existingToken == address(0), "token symbol already has token");

        string memory _existingSymbol = tokenAddressToSymbol[_token];
        require(
            bytes(_existingSymbol).length == 0,
            "token already has token symbol"
        );

        tokenAddressToSymbol[_token] = _tokenSymbol;
        tokenSymbolToAddress[_tokenSymbol] = IERC20(_token);

        emit TokenAdded(_token, _tokenSymbol);
    }

    function removeToken(address _token, string calldata _tokenSymbol)
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        // Require the provided token and token symbols match what's in storage.
        address _existingToken = address(tokenSymbolToAddress[_tokenSymbol]);
        require(_existingToken == _token, "Token mismatch");

        string memory _existingSymbol = tokenAddressToSymbol[_token];
        require(
            keccak256(bytes(_existingSymbol)) == keccak256(bytes(_tokenSymbol)),
            "Token symbol mismatch"
        );

        // Delete them from storage.
        delete tokenSymbolToAddress[_tokenSymbol];
        delete tokenAddressToSymbol[_token];

        emit TokenRemoved(_token, _tokenSymbol);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Gets the Circle nonce ID by hashing _originCircleDomain and _nonce.
     * @param _originCircleDomain Domain of chain where the transfer originated
     * @param _nonce The unique identifier for the message from source to
              destination
     * @return hash of source and nonce
     */
    function _circleNonceId(uint32 _originCircleDomain, uint64 _nonce)
        internal
        pure
        returns (bytes32)
    {
        // The hash is of a uint256 nonce, not a uint64 one.
        return
            keccak256(abi.encodePacked(_originCircleDomain, uint256(_nonce)));
    }
}


// File interfaces/ILiquidityLayerRouter.sol


pragma solidity >=0.6.11;

interface ILiquidityLayerRouter {
    function dispatchWithTokens(
        uint32 _destinationDomain,
        bytes32 _recipientAddress,
        bytes calldata _messageBody,
        address _token,
        uint256 _amount,
        string calldata _bridge
    ) external payable returns (bytes32);
}


// File interfaces/ILiquidityLayerMessageRecipient.sol


pragma solidity ^0.8.13;

interface ILiquidityLayerMessageRecipient {
    function handleWithTokens(
        uint32 _origin,
        bytes32 _sender,
        bytes calldata _message,
        address _token,
        uint256 _amount
    ) external;
}


// File contracts/middleware/liquidity-layer/LiquidityLayerRouter.sol


pragma solidity ^0.8.13;





contract LiquidityLayerRouter is Router, ILiquidityLayerRouter {
    // Token bridge => adapter address
    mapping(string => address) public liquidityLayerAdapters;

    event LiquidityLayerAdapterSet(string indexed bridge, address adapter);

    function initialize(
        address _mailbox,
        address _interchainGasPaymaster,
        address _interchainSecurityModule
    ) public initializer {
        // Transfer ownership of the contract to `msg.sender`
        __Router_initialize(
            _mailbox,
            _interchainGasPaymaster,
            _interchainSecurityModule
        );
    }

    function initialize(address _mailbox, address _interchainGasPaymaster)
        public
        initializer
    {
        // Transfer ownership of the contract to `msg.sender`
        __Router_initialize(_mailbox, _interchainGasPaymaster);
    }

    function dispatchWithTokens(
        uint32 _destinationDomain,
        bytes32 _recipientAddress,
        bytes calldata _messageBody,
        address _token,
        uint256 _amount,
        string calldata _bridge
    ) external payable returns (bytes32) {
        ILiquidityLayerAdapter _adapter = _getAdapter(_bridge);

        // Transfer the tokens to the adapter
        // TODO: use safeTransferFrom
        // TODO: Are there scenarios where a transferFrom fails and it doesn't revert?
        require(
            IERC20(_token).transferFrom(msg.sender, address(_adapter), _amount),
            "!transfer in"
        );

        // Reverts if the bridge was unsuccessful.
        // Gets adapter-specific data that is encoded into the message
        // ultimately sent via Hyperlane.
        bytes memory _adapterData = _adapter.sendTokens(
            _destinationDomain,
            _recipientAddress,
            _token,
            _amount
        );

        // The user's message "wrapped" with metadata required by this middleware
        bytes memory _messageWithMetadata = abi.encode(
            TypeCasts.addressToBytes32(msg.sender),
            _recipientAddress, // The "user" recipient
            _amount, // The amount of the tokens sent over the bridge
            _bridge, // The destination token bridge ID
            _adapterData, // The adapter-specific data
            _messageBody // The "user" message
        );

        // Dispatch the _messageWithMetadata to the destination's LiquidityLayerRouter.
        return
            _dispatchWithGas(
                _destinationDomain,
                _messageWithMetadata,
                0, // TODO eventually accommodate gas amounts
                msg.value,
                msg.sender
            );
    }

    // Handles a message from an enrolled remote LiquidityLayerRouter
    function _handle(
        uint32 _origin,
        bytes32, // _sender, unused
        bytes calldata _message
    ) internal override {
        // Decode the message with metadata, "unwrapping" the user's message body
        (
            bytes32 _originalSender,
            bytes32 _userRecipientAddress,
            uint256 _amount,
            string memory _bridge,
            bytes memory _adapterData,
            bytes memory _userMessageBody
        ) = abi.decode(
                _message,
                (bytes32, bytes32, uint256, string, bytes, bytes)
            );

        ILiquidityLayerMessageRecipient _userRecipient = ILiquidityLayerMessageRecipient(
                TypeCasts.bytes32ToAddress(_userRecipientAddress)
            );

        // Reverts if the adapter hasn't received the bridged tokens yet
        (address _token, uint256 _receivedAmount) = _getAdapter(_bridge)
            .receiveTokens(
                _origin,
                address(_userRecipient),
                _amount,
                _adapterData
            );

        _userRecipient.handleWithTokens(
            _origin,
            _originalSender,
            _userMessageBody,
            _token,
            _receivedAmount
        );
    }

    function setLiquidityLayerAdapter(string calldata _bridge, address _adapter)
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        liquidityLayerAdapters[_bridge] = _adapter;
        emit LiquidityLayerAdapterSet(_bridge, _adapter);
    }

    function _getAdapter(string memory _bridge)
        internal
        view
        returns (ILiquidityLayerAdapter _adapter)
    {
        _adapter = ILiquidityLayerAdapter(liquidityLayerAdapters[_bridge]);
        // Require the adapter to have been set
        require(address(_adapter) != address(0), "No adapter found for bridge");
    }
}


// File @openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/token/ERC20/[email protected]


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.6.0) (token/ERC20/IERC20.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC20 standard as defined in the EIP.
 */
interface IERC20Upgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens are moved from one account (`from`) to
     * another (`to`).
     *
     * Note that `value` may be zero.
     */
    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the allowance of a `spender` for an `owner` is set by
     * a call to {approve}. `value` is the new allowance.
     */
    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens in existence.
     */
    function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens owned by `account`.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from the caller's account to `to`.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transfer(address to, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remaining number of tokens that `spender` will be
     * allowed to spend on behalf of `owner` through {transferFrom}. This is
     * zero by default.
     *
     * This value changes when {approve} or {transferFrom} are called.
     */
    function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the caller's tokens.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk
     * that someone may use both the old and the new allowance by unfortunate
     * transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this race
     * condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the
     * desired value afterwards:
     * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     */
    function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from `from` to `to` using the
     * allowance mechanism. `amount` is then deducted from the caller's
     * allowance.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 amount
    ) external returns (bool);
}


// File @openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/token/ERC20/extensions/[email protected]


// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface for the optional metadata functions from the ERC20 standard.
 *
 * _Available since v4.1._
 */
interface IERC20MetadataUpgradeable is IERC20Upgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the name of the token.
     */
    function name() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the symbol of the token.
     */
    function symbol() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the decimals places of the token.
     */
    function decimals() external view returns (uint8);
}


// File @openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/token/ERC20/[email protected]


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.8.0) (token/ERC20/ERC20.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;




/**
 * @dev Implementation of the {IERC20} interface.
 *
 * This implementation is agnostic to the way tokens are created. This means
 * that a supply mechanism has to be added in a derived contract using {_mint}.
 * For a generic mechanism see {ERC20PresetMinterPauser}.
 *
 * TIP: For a detailed writeup see our guide
 * https://forum.openzeppelin.com/t/how-to-implement-erc20-supply-mechanisms/226[How
 * to implement supply mechanisms].
 *
 * We have followed general OpenZeppelin Contracts guidelines: functions revert
 * instead returning `false` on failure. This behavior is nonetheless
 * conventional and does not conflict with the expectations of ERC20
 * applications.
 *
 * Additionally, an {Approval} event is emitted on calls to {transferFrom}.
 * This allows applications to reconstruct the allowance for all accounts just
 * by listening to said events. Other implementations of the EIP may not emit
 * these events, as it isn't required by the specification.
 *
 * Finally, the non-standard {decreaseAllowance} and {increaseAllowance}
 * functions have been added to mitigate the well-known issues around setting
 * allowances. See {IERC20-approve}.
 */
contract ERC20Upgradeable is Initializable, ContextUpgradeable, IERC20Upgradeable, IERC20MetadataUpgradeable {
    mapping(address => uint256) private _balances;

    mapping(address => mapping(address => uint256)) private _allowances;

    uint256 private _totalSupply;

    string private _name;
    string private _symbol;

    /**
     * @dev Sets the values for {name} and {symbol}.
     *
     * The default value of {decimals} is 18. To select a different value for
     * {decimals} you should overload it.
     *
     * All two of these values are immutable: they can only be set once during
     * construction.
     */
    function __ERC20_init(string memory name_, string memory symbol_) internal onlyInitializing {
        __ERC20_init_unchained(name_, symbol_);
    }

    function __ERC20_init_unchained(string memory name_, string memory symbol_) internal onlyInitializing {
        _name = name_;
        _symbol = symbol_;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the name of the token.
     */
    function name() public view virtual override returns (string memory) {
        return _name;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the symbol of the token, usually a shorter version of the
     * name.
     */
    function symbol() public view virtual override returns (string memory) {
        return _symbol;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of decimals used to get its user representation.
     * For example, if `decimals` equals `2`, a balance of `505` tokens should
     * be displayed to a user as `5.05` (`505 / 10 ** 2`).
     *
     * Tokens usually opt for a value of 18, imitating the relationship between
     * Ether and Wei. This is the value {ERC20} uses, unless this function is
     * overridden;
     *
     * NOTE: This information is only used for _display_ purposes: it in
     * no way affects any of the arithmetic of the contract, including
     * {IERC20-balanceOf} and {IERC20-transfer}.
     */
    function decimals() public view virtual override returns (uint8) {
        return 18;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-totalSupply}.
     */
    function totalSupply() public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        return _totalSupply;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-balanceOf}.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        return _balances[account];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-transfer}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - the caller must have a balance of at least `amount`.
     */
    function transfer(address to, uint256 amount) public virtual override returns (bool) {
        address owner = _msgSender();
        _transfer(owner, to, amount);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-allowance}.
     */
    function allowance(address owner, address spender) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        return _allowances[owner][spender];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-approve}.
     *
     * NOTE: If `amount` is the maximum `uint256`, the allowance is not updated on
     * `transferFrom`. This is semantically equivalent to an infinite approval.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     */
    function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) public virtual override returns (bool) {
        address owner = _msgSender();
        _approve(owner, spender, amount);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-transferFrom}.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event indicating the updated allowance. This is not
     * required by the EIP. See the note at the beginning of {ERC20}.
     *
     * NOTE: Does not update the allowance if the current allowance
     * is the maximum `uint256`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` and `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `from` must have a balance of at least `amount`.
     * - the caller must have allowance for ``from``'s tokens of at least
     * `amount`.
     */
    function transferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 amount
    ) public virtual override returns (bool) {
        address spender = _msgSender();
        _spendAllowance(from, spender, amount);
        _transfer(from, to, amount);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Atomically increases the allowance granted to `spender` by the caller.
     *
     * This is an alternative to {approve} that can be used as a mitigation for
     * problems described in {IERC20-approve}.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event indicating the updated allowance.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     */
    function increaseAllowance(address spender, uint256 addedValue) public virtual returns (bool) {
        address owner = _msgSender();
        _approve(owner, spender, allowance(owner, spender) + addedValue);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Atomically decreases the allowance granted to `spender` by the caller.
     *
     * This is an alternative to {approve} that can be used as a mitigation for
     * problems described in {IERC20-approve}.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event indicating the updated allowance.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `spender` must have allowance for the caller of at least
     * `subtractedValue`.
     */
    function decreaseAllowance(address spender, uint256 subtractedValue) public virtual returns (bool) {
        address owner = _msgSender();
        uint256 currentAllowance = allowance(owner, spender);
        require(currentAllowance >= subtractedValue, "ERC20: decreased allowance below zero");
        unchecked {
            _approve(owner, spender, currentAllowance - subtractedValue);
        }

        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Moves `amount` of tokens from `from` to `to`.
     *
     * This internal function is equivalent to {transfer}, and can be used to
     * e.g. implement automatic token fees, slashing mechanisms, etc.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `from` must have a balance of at least `amount`.
     */
    function _transfer(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 amount
    ) internal virtual {
        require(from != address(0), "ERC20: transfer from the zero address");
        require(to != address(0), "ERC20: transfer to the zero address");

        _beforeTokenTransfer(from, to, amount);

        uint256 fromBalance = _balances[from];
        require(fromBalance >= amount, "ERC20: transfer amount exceeds balance");
        unchecked {
            _balances[from] = fromBalance - amount;
            // Overflow not possible: the sum of all balances is capped by totalSupply, and the sum is preserved by
            // decrementing then incrementing.
            _balances[to] += amount;
        }

        emit Transfer(from, to, amount);

        _afterTokenTransfer(from, to, amount);
    }

    /** @dev Creates `amount` tokens and assigns them to `account`, increasing
     * the total supply.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event with `from` set to the zero address.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `account` cannot be the zero address.
     */
    function _mint(address account, uint256 amount) internal virtual {
        require(account != address(0), "ERC20: mint to the zero address");

        _beforeTokenTransfer(address(0), account, amount);

        _totalSupply += amount;
        unchecked {
            // Overflow not possible: balance + amount is at most totalSupply + amount, which is checked above.
            _balances[account] += amount;
        }
        emit Transfer(address(0), account, amount);

        _afterTokenTransfer(address(0), account, amount);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Destroys `amount` tokens from `account`, reducing the
     * total supply.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event with `to` set to the zero address.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `account` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `account` must have at least `amount` tokens.
     */
    function _burn(address account, uint256 amount) internal virtual {
        require(account != address(0), "ERC20: burn from the zero address");

        _beforeTokenTransfer(account, address(0), amount);

        uint256 accountBalance = _balances[account];
        require(accountBalance >= amount, "ERC20: burn amount exceeds balance");
        unchecked {
            _balances[account] = accountBalance - amount;
            // Overflow not possible: amount <= accountBalance <= totalSupply.
            _totalSupply -= amount;
        }

        emit Transfer(account, address(0), amount);

        _afterTokenTransfer(account, address(0), amount);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the `owner` s tokens.
     *
     * This internal function is equivalent to `approve`, and can be used to
     * e.g. set automatic allowances for certain subsystems, etc.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `owner` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     */
    function _approve(
        address owner,
        address spender,
        uint256 amount
    ) internal virtual {
        require(owner != address(0), "ERC20: approve from the zero address");
        require(spender != address(0), "ERC20: approve to the zero address");

        _allowances[owner][spender] = amount;
        emit Approval(owner, spender, amount);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Updates `owner` s allowance for `spender` based on spent `amount`.
     *
     * Does not update the allowance amount in case of infinite allowance.
     * Revert if not enough allowance is available.
     *
     * Might emit an {Approval} event.
     */
    function _spendAllowance(
        address owner,
        address spender,
        uint256 amount
    ) internal virtual {
        uint256 currentAllowance = allowance(owner, spender);
        if (currentAllowance != type(uint256).max) {
            require(currentAllowance >= amount, "ERC20: insufficient allowance");
            unchecked {
                _approve(owner, spender, currentAllowance - amount);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Hook that is called before any transfer of tokens. This includes
     * minting and burning.
     *
     * Calling conditions:
     *
     * - when `from` and `to` are both non-zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens
     * will be transferred to `to`.
     * - when `from` is zero, `amount` tokens will be minted for `to`.
     * - when `to` is zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens will be burned.
     * - `from` and `to` are never both zero.
     *
     * To learn more about hooks, head to xref:ROOT:extending-contracts.adoc#using-hooks[Using Hooks].
     */
    function _beforeTokenTransfer(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 amount
    ) internal virtual {}

    /**
     * @dev Hook that is called after any transfer of tokens. This includes
     * minting and burning.
     *
     * Calling conditions:
     *
     * - when `from` and `to` are both non-zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens
     * has been transferred to `to`.
     * - when `from` is zero, `amount` tokens have been minted for `to`.
     * - when `to` is zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens have been burned.
     * - `from` and `to` are never both zero.
     *
     * To learn more about hooks, head to xref:ROOT:extending-contracts.adoc#using-hooks[Using Hooks].
     */
    function _afterTokenTransfer(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 amount
    ) internal virtual {}

    /**
     * @dev This empty reserved space is put in place to allow future versions to add new
     * variables without shifting down storage in the inheritance chain.
     * See https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/upgradeable#storage_gaps
     */
    uint256[45] private __gap;
}


// File contracts/mock/MockToken.sol


pragma solidity ^0.8.13;

contract MockToken is ERC20Upgradeable {
    function mint(address account, uint256 amount) external {
        _mint(account, amount);
    }

    function burn(uint256 _amount) external {
        _burn(msg.sender, _amount);
    }
}


// File contracts/mock/MockCircleBridge.sol


pragma solidity ^0.8.13;


contract MockCircleBridge is ICircleBridge {
    uint64 public nextNonce = 0;
    MockToken token;

    constructor(MockToken _token) {
        token = _token;
    }

    function depositForBurn(
        uint256 _amount,
        uint32,
        bytes32,
        address _burnToken
    ) external returns (uint64 _nonce) {
        nextNonce = nextNonce + 1;
        _nonce = nextNonce;
        require(address(token) == _burnToken);
        token.transferFrom(msg.sender, address(this), _amount);
        token.burn(_amount);
    }

    function depositForBurnWithCaller(
        uint256,
        uint32,
        bytes32,
        address,
        bytes32
    ) external returns (uint64 _nonce) {
        nextNonce = nextNonce + 1;
        _nonce = nextNonce;
    }
}


// File contracts/mock/MockCircleMessageTransmitter.sol


pragma solidity ^0.8.13;


contract MockCircleMessageTransmitter is ICircleMessageTransmitter {
    mapping(bytes32 => bool) processedNonces;
    MockToken token;

    constructor(MockToken _token) {
        token = _token;
    }

    function receiveMessage(bytes memory, bytes calldata)
        external
        pure
        returns (bool success)
    {
        success = true;
    }

    function hashSourceAndNonce(uint32 _source, uint256 _nonce)
        public
        pure
        returns (bytes32)
    {
        return keccak256(abi.encodePacked(_source, _nonce));
    }

    function process(
        bytes32 _nonceId,
        address _recipient,
        uint256 _amount
    ) public {
        processedNonces[_nonceId] = true;
        token.mint(_recipient, _amount);
    }

    function usedNonces(bytes32 _nonceId) external view returns (bool) {
        return processedNonces[_nonceId];
    }
}


// File contracts/mock/MockMailbox.sol


pragma solidity ^0.8.0;


contract MockMailbox {
    using TypeCasts for address;
    using TypeCasts for bytes32;
    // Domain of chain on which the contract is deployed
    uint32 public immutable domain;
    uint32 public immutable version = 0;

    uint256 public outboundNonce = 0;
    uint256 public inboundUnprocessedNonce = 0;
    uint256 public inboundProcessedNonce = 0;
    mapping(uint32 => MockMailbox) public remoteMailboxes;
    mapping(uint256 => Message) public inboundMessages;

    struct Message {
        uint32 origin;
        address sender;
        address recipient;
        bytes body;
    }

    constructor(uint32 _domain) {
        domain = _domain;
    }

    function addRemoteMailbox(uint32 _domain, MockMailbox _mailbox) external {
        remoteMailboxes[_domain] = _mailbox;
    }

    function dispatch(
        uint32 _destinationDomain,
        bytes32 _recipientAddress,
        bytes calldata _messageBody
    ) external returns (bytes32) {
        MockMailbox _destinationMailbox = remoteMailboxes[_destinationDomain];
        require(
            address(_destinationMailbox) != address(0),
            "Missing remote mailbox"
        );
        _destinationMailbox.addInboundMessage(
            domain,
            msg.sender,
            _recipientAddress.bytes32ToAddress(),
            _messageBody
        );
        outboundNonce++;
        return bytes32(0);
    }

    function addInboundMessage(
        uint32 _origin,
        address _sender,
        address _recipient,
        bytes calldata _body
    ) external {
        inboundMessages[inboundUnprocessedNonce] = Message(
            _origin,
            _sender,
            _recipient,
            _body
        );
        inboundUnprocessedNonce++;
    }

    function processNextInboundMessage() public {
        Message memory _message = inboundMessages[inboundProcessedNonce];
        IMessageRecipient(_message.recipient).handle(
            _message.origin,
            _message.sender.addressToBytes32(),
            _message.body
        );
        inboundProcessedNonce++;
    }
}


// File contracts/test/TestIsm.sol


pragma solidity >=0.8.0;

contract TestIsm is IInterchainSecurityModule {
    uint8 public constant moduleType = 0;
    bool public accept;

    function setAccept(bool _val) external {
        accept = _val;
    }

    function verify(bytes calldata, bytes calldata)
        external
        view
        returns (bool)
    {
        return accept;
    }
}


// File contracts/mock/MockHyperlaneEnvironment.sol


pragma solidity ^0.8.13;




contract MockHyperlaneEnvironment {
    uint32 originDomain;
    uint32 destinationDomain;

    mapping(uint32 => MockMailbox) public mailboxes;
    mapping(uint32 => InterchainGasPaymaster) public igps;
    mapping(uint32 => IInterchainSecurityModule) public isms;
    mapping(uint32 => InterchainQueryRouter) public queryRouters;

    constructor(uint32 _originDomain, uint32 _destinationDomain) {
        originDomain = _originDomain;
        destinationDomain = _destinationDomain;

        MockMailbox originMailbox = new MockMailbox(_originDomain);
        MockMailbox destinationMailbox = new MockMailbox(_destinationDomain);

        originMailbox.addRemoteMailbox(_destinationDomain, destinationMailbox);
        destinationMailbox.addRemoteMailbox(_originDomain, originMailbox);

        igps[originDomain] = new InterchainGasPaymaster();
        igps[destinationDomain] = new InterchainGasPaymaster();

        isms[originDomain] = new TestIsm();
        isms[destinationDomain] = new TestIsm();

        mailboxes[_originDomain] = originMailbox;
        mailboxes[_destinationDomain] = destinationMailbox;

        InterchainQueryRouter originQueryRouter = new InterchainQueryRouter();
        InterchainQueryRouter destinationQueryRouter = new InterchainQueryRouter();

        originQueryRouter.initialize(
            address(originMailbox),
            address(igps[originDomain]),
            address(isms[originDomain])
        );
        destinationQueryRouter.initialize(
            address(destinationMailbox),
            address(igps[destinationDomain]),
            address(isms[destinationDomain])
        );

        originQueryRouter.enrollRemoteRouter(
            _destinationDomain,
            TypeCasts.addressToBytes32(address(destinationQueryRouter))
        );
        destinationQueryRouter.enrollRemoteRouter(
            _originDomain,
            TypeCasts.addressToBytes32(address(originQueryRouter))
        );

        queryRouters[_originDomain] = originQueryRouter;
        queryRouters[_destinationDomain] = destinationQueryRouter;
    }

    function processNextPendingMessage() public {
        mailboxes[destinationDomain].processNextInboundMessage();
    }

    function processNextPendingMessageFromDestination() public {
        mailboxes[originDomain].processNextInboundMessage();
    }
}


// File contracts/mock/MockInterchainAccountRouter.sol


pragma solidity ^0.8.13;


/*
 * @title The Hello World App
 * @dev You can use this simple app as a starting point for your own application.
 */
contract MockInterchainAccountRouter is InterchainAccountRouter {
    struct PendingCall {
        uint32 originDomain;
        bytes senderAndCalls;
    }

    uint32 public originDomain;

    mapping(uint256 => PendingCall) pendingCalls;
    uint256 totalCalls = 0;
    uint256 callsProcessed = 0;

    constructor(uint32 _originDomain) InterchainAccountRouter() {
        originDomain = _originDomain;
    }

    function _dispatch(uint32, bytes memory _messageBody)
        internal
        override
        returns (bytes32)
    {
        pendingCalls[totalCalls] = PendingCall(originDomain, _messageBody);
        totalCalls += 1;
        return keccak256(abi.encodePacked(totalCalls));
    }

    function processNextPendingCall() public {
        PendingCall memory pendingCall = pendingCalls[callsProcessed];
        (address sender, Call[] memory calls) = abi.decode(
            pendingCall.senderAndCalls,
            (address, Call[])
        );

        getDeployedInterchainAccount(originDomain, sender).proxyCalls(calls);

        callsProcessed += 1;
    }
}


// File contracts/test/bad-recipient/BadRecipient1.sol


pragma solidity >=0.8.0;

contract BadRecipient1 is IMessageRecipient {
    function handle(
        uint32,
        bytes32,
        bytes calldata
    ) external pure override {
        assembly {
            revert(0, 0)
        }
    }
}


// File contracts/test/bad-recipient/BadRecipient3.sol


pragma solidity >=0.8.0;

contract BadRecipient3 is IMessageRecipient {
    function handle(
        uint32,
        bytes32,
        bytes calldata
    ) external pure override {
        assembly {
            mstore(0, 0xabcdef)
            revert(0, 32)
        }
    }
}


// File contracts/test/bad-recipient/BadRecipient5.sol


pragma solidity >=0.8.0;

contract BadRecipient5 is IMessageRecipient {
    function handle(
        uint32,
        bytes32,
        bytes calldata
    ) external pure override {
        require(false, "no can do");
    }
}


// File contracts/test/bad-recipient/BadRecipient6.sol


pragma solidity >=0.8.0;

contract BadRecipient6 is IMessageRecipient {
    function handle(
        uint32,
        bytes32,
        bytes calldata
    ) external pure override {
        require(false); // solhint-disable-line reason-string
    }
}


// File contracts/test/TestHyperlaneConnectionClient.sol


pragma solidity >=0.6.11;


contract TestHyperlaneConnectionClient is HyperlaneConnectionClient {
    function initialize(address _mailbox) external initializer {
        __HyperlaneConnectionClient_initialize(_mailbox);
    }

    function localDomain() external view returns (uint32) {
        return mailbox.localDomain();
    }
}


// File contracts/test/TestLiquidityLayerMessageRecipient.sol


pragma solidity ^0.8.13;

contract TestLiquidityLayerMessageRecipient is ILiquidityLayerMessageRecipient {
    event HandledWithTokens(
        uint32 origin,
        bytes32 sender,
        bytes message,
        address token,
        uint256 amount
    );

    function handleWithTokens(
        uint32 _origin,
        bytes32 _sender,
        bytes calldata _message,
        address _token,
        uint256 _amount
    ) external {
        emit HandledWithTokens(_origin, _sender, _message, _token, _amount);
    }
}


// File contracts/test/TestMailbox.sol


pragma solidity >=0.8.0;




contract TestMailbox is Mailbox {
    using TypeCasts for bytes32;

    constructor(uint32 _localDomain) Mailbox(_localDomain) {} // solhint-disable-line no-empty-blocks

    function proof() external view returns (bytes32[32] memory) {
        bytes32[32] memory _zeroes = MerkleLib.zeroHashes();
        uint256 _index = tree.count - 1;
        bytes32[32] memory _proof;

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
            uint256 _ithBit = (_index >> i) & 0x01;
            if (_ithBit == 1) {
                _proof[i] = tree.branch[i];
            } else {
                _proof[i] = _zeroes[i];
            }
        }
        return _proof;
    }

    function testHandle(
        uint32 _origin,
        bytes32 _sender,
        bytes32 _recipient,
        bytes calldata _body
    ) external {
        IMessageRecipient(_recipient.bytes32ToAddress()).handle(
            _origin,
            _sender,
            _body
        );
    }
}


// File contracts/test/TestMerkle.sol


pragma solidity >=0.8.0;

contract TestMerkle {
    using MerkleLib for MerkleLib.Tree;

    MerkleLib.Tree public tree;

    // solhint-disable-next-line no-empty-blocks
    constructor() {}

    function insert(bytes32 _node) external {
        tree.insert(_node);
    }

    function branchRoot(
        bytes32 _leaf,
        bytes32[32] calldata _proof,
        uint256 _index
    ) external pure returns (bytes32 _node) {
        return MerkleLib.branchRoot(_leaf, _proof, _index);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Returns the number of inserted leaves in the tree
     */
    function count() public view returns (uint256) {
        return tree.count;
    }

    function root() public view returns (bytes32) {
        return tree.root();
    }
}


// File contracts/test/TestMessage.sol


pragma solidity >=0.6.11;

contract TestMessage {
    using Message for bytes;

    function version(bytes calldata _message)
        external
        pure
        returns (uint32 _version)
    {
        return _message.version();
    }

    function nonce(bytes calldata _message)
        external
        pure
        returns (uint256 _nonce)
    {
        return _message.nonce();
    }

    function body(bytes calldata _message)
        external
        pure
        returns (bytes calldata _body)
    {
        return _message.body();
    }

    function origin(bytes calldata _message)
        external
        pure
        returns (uint32 _origin)
    {
        return _message.origin();
    }

    function sender(bytes calldata _message)
        external
        pure
        returns (bytes32 _sender)
    {
        return _message.sender();
    }

    function destination(bytes calldata _message)
        external
        pure
        returns (uint32 _destination)
    {
        return _message.destination();
    }

    function recipient(bytes calldata _message)
        external
        pure
        returns (bytes32 _recipient)
    {
        return _message.recipient();
    }

    function recipientAddress(bytes calldata _message)
        external
        pure
        returns (address _recipient)
    {
        return _message.recipientAddress();
    }

    function id(bytes calldata _message) external pure returns (bytes32) {
        return _message.id();
    }
}


// File contracts/test/TestMultisigIsm.sol


pragma solidity >=0.8.0;

// ============ Internal Imports ============

contract TestMultisigIsm is MultisigIsm {
    function getDomainHash(uint32 _origin, bytes32 _originMailbox)
        external
        pure
        returns (bytes32)
    {
        return _getDomainHash(_origin, _originMailbox);
    }

    function getCheckpointDigest(bytes calldata _metadata, uint32 _origin)
        external
        pure
        returns (bytes32)
    {
        return _getCheckpointDigest(_metadata, _origin);
    }
}


// File contracts/test/TestQuery.sol


pragma solidity ^0.8.13;



contract TestQuery {
    InterchainQueryRouter public router;

    event Owner(uint256, address);

    constructor(address _router) {
        router = InterchainQueryRouter(_router);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Fetches owner of InterchainQueryRouter on provided domain and passes along with provided secret to `this.receiveRouterOwner`
     */
    function queryRouterOwner(uint32 domain, uint256 secret) external {
        Call memory call = Call({
            to: TypeCasts.bytes32ToAddress(router.routers(domain)),
            data: abi.encodeWithSignature("owner()")
        });
        bytes memory callback = bytes.concat(
            this.receiveRouterOwer.selector,
            bytes32(secret)
        );
        router.query(domain, call, callback);
    }

    /**
     * @dev `msg.sender` must be restricted to `this.router` to prevent any local account from spoofing query data.
     */
    function receiveRouterOwer(uint256 secret, address owner) external {
        require(msg.sender == address(router), "TestQuery: not from router");
        emit Owner(secret, owner);
    }
}


// File contracts/test/TestQuerySender.sol


pragma solidity >=0.8.0;


contract TestQuerySender is Initializable {
    IInterchainQueryRouter queryRouter;

    address public lastAddressResult;
    uint256 public lastUint256Result;
    bytes32 public lastBytes32Result;

    event ReceivedAddressResult(address result);
    event ReceivedUint256Result(uint256 result);
    event ReceivedBytes32Result(bytes32 result);

    function initialize(address _queryRouterAddress) public initializer {
        queryRouter = IInterchainQueryRouter(_queryRouterAddress);
    }

    function queryAddress(
        uint32 _destinationDomain,
        address _target,
        bytes calldata _targetData
    ) public {
        queryRouter.query(
            _destinationDomain,
            Call({to: _target, data: _targetData}),
            abi.encodePacked(this.handleQueryAddressResult.selector)
        );
    }

    function handleQueryAddressResult(address _result) public {
        emit ReceivedAddressResult(_result);
        lastAddressResult = _result;
    }

    function queryUint256(
        uint32 _destinationDomain,
        address _target,
        bytes calldata _targetData
    ) public {
        queryRouter.query(
            _destinationDomain,
            Call({to: _target, data: _targetData}),
            abi.encodePacked(this.handleQueryUint256Result.selector)
        );
    }

    function handleQueryUint256Result(uint256 _result) public {
        emit ReceivedUint256Result(_result);
        lastUint256Result = _result;
    }

    function queryBytes32(
        uint32 _destinationDomain,
        address _target,
        bytes calldata _targetData
    ) public {
        queryRouter.query(
            _destinationDomain,
            Call({to: _target, data: _targetData}),
            abi.encodePacked(this.handleQueryBytes32Result.selector)
        );
    }

    function handleQueryBytes32Result(bytes32 _result) public {
        emit ReceivedBytes32Result(_result);
        lastBytes32Result = _result;
    }
}


// File contracts/test/TestRecipient.sol


pragma solidity >=0.8.0;


contract TestRecipient is
    IMessageRecipient,
    ISpecifiesInterchainSecurityModule
{
    IInterchainSecurityModule public interchainSecurityModule;
    bytes32 public lastSender;
    bytes public lastData;

    address public lastCaller;
    string public lastCallMessage;

    event ReceivedMessage(
        uint32 indexed origin,
        bytes32 indexed sender,
        string message
    );

    event ReceivedCall(address indexed caller, uint256 amount, string message);

    function setInterchainSecurityModule(address _ism) external {
        interchainSecurityModule = IInterchainSecurityModule(_ism);
    }

    function handle(
        uint32 _origin,
        bytes32 _sender,
        bytes calldata _data
    ) external override {
        emit ReceivedMessage(_origin, _sender, string(_data));
        lastSender = _sender;
        lastData = _data;
    }

    function fooBar(uint256 amount, string calldata message) external {
        emit ReceivedCall(msg.sender, amount, message);
        lastCaller = msg.sender;
        lastCallMessage = message;
    }
}


// File contracts/test/TestRouter.sol


pragma solidity >=0.6.11;

contract TestRouter is Router {
    event InitializeOverload();

    function initialize(address _mailbox) external initializer {
        __Router_initialize(_mailbox);
        emit InitializeOverload();
    }

    function _handle(
        uint32,
        bytes32,
        bytes calldata
    ) internal pure override {}

    function isRemoteRouter(uint32 _domain, bytes32 _potentialRemoteRouter)
        external
        view
        returns (bool)
    {
        return _isRemoteRouter(_domain, _potentialRemoteRouter);
    }

    function mustHaveRemoteRouter(uint32 _domain)
        external
        view
        returns (bytes32)
    {
        return _mustHaveRemoteRouter(_domain);
    }

    function dispatch(uint32 _destination, bytes memory _msg) external {
        _dispatch(_destination, _msg);
    }

    function dispatchWithGas(
        uint32 _destinationDomain,
        bytes memory _messageBody,
        uint256 _gasAmount,
        uint256 _gasPayment,
        address _gasPaymentRefundAddress
    ) external payable {
        _dispatchWithGas(
            _destinationDomain,
            _messageBody,
            _gasAmount,
            _gasPayment,
            _gasPaymentRefundAddress
        );
    }
}


// File contracts/test/TestSendReceiver.sol


pragma solidity >=0.8.0;



contract TestSendReceiver is IMessageRecipient {
    using TypeCasts for address;

    uint256 public constant HANDLE_GAS_AMOUNT = 50_000;

    event Handled(bytes32 blockHash);

    function dispatchToSelf(
        IMailbox _mailbox,
        IInterchainGasPaymaster _paymaster,
        uint32 _destinationDomain,
        bytes calldata _messageBody
    ) external payable {
        bytes32 _messageId = _mailbox.dispatch(
            _destinationDomain,
            address(this).addressToBytes32(),
            _messageBody
        );
        uint256 _blockHashNum = uint256(previousBlockHash());
        uint256 _value = msg.value;
        if (_blockHashNum % 5 == 0) {
            // Pay in two separate calls, resulting in 2 distinct events
            uint256 _halfPayment = _value / 2;
            uint256 _halfGasAmount = HANDLE_GAS_AMOUNT / 2;
            _paymaster.payForGas{value: _halfPayment}(
                _messageId,
                _destinationDomain,
                _halfGasAmount,
                msg.sender
            );
            _paymaster.payForGas{value: _value - _halfPayment}(
                _messageId,
                _destinationDomain,
                HANDLE_GAS_AMOUNT - _halfGasAmount,
                msg.sender
            );
        } else {
            // Pay the entire msg.value in one call
            _paymaster.payForGas{value: _value}(
                _messageId,
                _destinationDomain,
                HANDLE_GAS_AMOUNT,
                msg.sender
            );
        }
    }

    function handle(
        uint32,
        bytes32,
        bytes calldata
    ) external override {
        bytes32 blockHash = previousBlockHash();
        bool isBlockHashEven = uint256(blockHash) % 2 == 0;
        require(isBlockHashEven, "block hash is odd");
        emit Handled(blockHash);
    }

    function previousBlockHash() internal view returns (bytes32) {
        return blockhash(block.number - 1);
    }
}


// File contracts/test/TestTokenRecipient.sol


pragma solidity >=0.8.0;

contract TestTokenRecipient is ILiquidityLayerMessageRecipient {
    bytes32 public lastSender;
    bytes public lastData;
    address public lastToken;
    uint256 public lastAmount;

    address public lastCaller;
    string public lastCallMessage;

    event ReceivedMessage(
        uint32 indexed origin,
        bytes32 indexed sender,
        string message,
        address token,
        uint256 amount
    );

    event ReceivedCall(address indexed caller, uint256 amount, string message);

    function handleWithTokens(
        uint32 _origin,
        bytes32 _sender,
        bytes calldata _data,
        address _token,
        uint256 _amount
    ) external override {
        emit ReceivedMessage(_origin, _sender, string(_data), _token, _amount);
        lastSender = _sender;
        lastData = _data;
        lastToken = _token;
        lastAmount = _amount;
    }

    function fooBar(uint256 amount, string calldata message) external {
        emit ReceivedCall(msg.sender, amount, message);
        lastCaller = msg.sender;
        lastCallMessage = message;
    }
}


// File @openzeppelin/contracts/proxy/[email protected]


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.6.0) (proxy/Proxy.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev This abstract contract provides a fallback function that delegates all calls to another contract using the EVM
 * instruction `delegatecall`. We refer to the second contract as the _implementation_ behind the proxy, and it has to
 * be specified by overriding the virtual {_implementation} function.
 *
 * Additionally, delegation to the implementation can be triggered manually through the {_fallback} function, or to a
 * different contract through the {_delegate} function.
 *
 * The success and return data of the delegated call will be returned back to the caller of the proxy.
 */
abstract contract Proxy {
    /**
     * @dev Delegates the current call to `implementation`.
     *
     * This function does not return to its internal call site, it will return directly to the external caller.
     */
    function _delegate(address implementation) internal virtual {
        assembly {
            // Copy msg.data. We take full control of memory in this inline assembly
            // block because it will not return to Solidity code. We overwrite the
            // Solidity scratch pad at memory position 0.
            calldatacopy(0, 0, calldatasize())

            // Call the implementation.
            // out and outsize are 0 because we don't know the size yet.
            let result := delegatecall(gas(), implementation, 0, calldatasize(), 0, 0)

            // Copy the returned data.
            returndatacopy(0, 0, returndatasize())

            switch result
            // delegatecall returns 0 on error.
            case 0 {
                revert(0, returndatasize())
            }
            default {
                return(0, returndatasize())
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev This is a virtual function that should be overridden so it returns the address to which the fallback function
     * and {_fallback} should delegate.
     */
    function _implementation() internal view virtual returns (address);

    /**
     * @dev Delegates the current call to the address returned by `_implementation()`.
     *
     * This function does not return to its internal call site, it will return directly to the external caller.
     */
    function _fallback() internal virtual {
        _beforeFallback();
        _delegate(_implementation());
    }

    /**
     * @dev Fallback function that delegates calls to the address returned by `_implementation()`. Will run if no other
     * function in the contract matches the call data.
     */
    fallback() external payable virtual {
        _fallback();
    }

    /**
     * @dev Fallback function that delegates calls to the address returned by `_implementation()`. Will run if call data
     * is empty.
     */
    receive() external payable virtual {
        _fallback();
    }

    /**
     * @dev Hook that is called before falling back to the implementation. Can happen as part of a manual `_fallback`
     * call, or as part of the Solidity `fallback` or `receive` functions.
     *
     * If overridden should call `super._beforeFallback()`.
     */
    function _beforeFallback() internal virtual {}
}


// File @openzeppelin/contracts/proxy/beacon/[email protected]


// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (proxy/beacon/IBeacon.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev This is the interface that {BeaconProxy} expects of its beacon.
 */
interface IBeacon {
    /**
     * @dev Must return an address that can be used as a delegate call target.
     *
     * {BeaconProxy} will check that this address is a contract.
     */
    function implementation() external view returns (address);
}


// File @openzeppelin/contracts/interfaces/[email protected]


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.5.0) (interfaces/draft-IERC1822.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev ERC1822: Universal Upgradeable Proxy Standard (UUPS) documents a method for upgradeability through a simplified
 * proxy whose upgrades are fully controlled by the current implementation.
 */
interface IERC1822Proxiable {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the storage slot that the proxiable contract assumes is being used to store the implementation
     * address.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: A proxy pointing at a proxiable contract should not be considered proxiable itself, because this risks
     * bricking a proxy that upgrades to it, by delegating to itself until out of gas. Thus it is critical that this
     * function revert if invoked through a proxy.
     */
    function proxiableUUID() external view returns (bytes32);
}


// File @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/[email protected]


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (utils/StorageSlot.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Library for reading and writing primitive types to specific storage slots.
 *
 * Storage slots are often used to avoid storage conflict when dealing with upgradeable contracts.
 * This library helps with reading and writing to such slots without the need for inline assembly.
 *
 * The functions in this library return Slot structs that contain a `value` member that can be used to read or write.
 *
 * Example usage to set ERC1967 implementation slot:
 * ```
 * contract ERC1967 {
 *     bytes32 internal constant _IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT = 0x360894a13ba1a3210667c828492db98dca3e2076cc3735a920a3ca505d382bbc;
 *
 *     function _getImplementation() internal view returns (address) {
 *         return StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value;
 *     }
 *
 *     function _setImplementation(address newImplementation) internal {
 *         require(Address.isContract(newImplementation), "ERC1967: new implementation is not a contract");
 *         StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value = newImplementation;
 *     }
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * _Available since v4.1 for `address`, `bool`, `bytes32`, and `uint256`._
 */
library StorageSlot {
    struct AddressSlot {
        address value;
    }

    struct BooleanSlot {
        bool value;
    }

    struct Bytes32Slot {
        bytes32 value;
    }

    struct Uint256Slot {
        uint256 value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `AddressSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getAddressSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (AddressSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `BooleanSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getBooleanSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (BooleanSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `Bytes32Slot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getBytes32Slot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (Bytes32Slot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `Uint256Slot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getUint256Slot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (Uint256Slot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }
}


// File @openzeppelin/contracts/proxy/ERC1967/[email protected]


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.5.0) (proxy/ERC1967/ERC1967Upgrade.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.2;




/**
 * @dev This abstract contract provides getters and event emitting update functions for
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1967[EIP1967] slots.
 *
 * _Available since v4.1._
 *
 * @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow delegatecall
 */
abstract contract ERC1967Upgrade {
    // This is the keccak-256 hash of "eip1967.proxy.rollback" subtracted by 1
    bytes32 private constant _ROLLBACK_SLOT = 0x4910fdfa16fed3260ed0e7147f7cc6da11a60208b5b9406d12a635614ffd9143;

    /**
     * @dev Storage slot with the address of the current implementation.
     * This is the keccak-256 hash of "eip1967.proxy.implementation" subtracted by 1, and is
     * validated in the constructor.
     */
    bytes32 internal constant _IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT = 0x360894a13ba1a3210667c828492db98dca3e2076cc3735a920a3ca505d382bbc;

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the implementation is upgraded.
     */
    event Upgraded(address indexed implementation);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current implementation address.
     */
    function _getImplementation() internal view returns (address) {
        return StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Stores a new address in the EIP1967 implementation slot.
     */
    function _setImplementation(address newImplementation) private {
        require(Address.isContract(newImplementation), "ERC1967: new implementation is not a contract");
        StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value = newImplementation;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Perform implementation upgrade
     *
     * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
     */
    function _upgradeTo(address newImplementation) internal {
        _setImplementation(newImplementation);
        emit Upgraded(newImplementation);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Perform implementation upgrade with additional setup call.
     *
     * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
     */
    function _upgradeToAndCall(
        address newImplementation,
        bytes memory data,
        bool forceCall
    ) internal {
        _upgradeTo(newImplementation);
        if (data.length > 0 || forceCall) {
            Address.functionDelegateCall(newImplementation, data);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Perform implementation upgrade with security checks for UUPS proxies, and additional setup call.
     *
     * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
     */
    function _upgradeToAndCallUUPS(
        address newImplementation,
        bytes memory data,
        bool forceCall
    ) internal {
        // Upgrades from old implementations will perform a rollback test. This test requires the new
        // implementation to upgrade back to the old, non-ERC1822 compliant, implementation. Removing
        // this special case will break upgrade paths from old UUPS implementation to new ones.
        if (StorageSlot.getBooleanSlot(_ROLLBACK_SLOT).value) {
            _setImplementation(newImplementation);
        } else {
            try IERC1822Proxiable(newImplementation).proxiableUUID() returns (bytes32 slot) {
                require(slot == _IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT, "ERC1967Upgrade: unsupported proxiableUUID");
            } catch {
                revert("ERC1967Upgrade: new implementation is not UUPS");
            }
            _upgradeToAndCall(newImplementation, data, forceCall);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Storage slot with the admin of the contract.
     * This is the keccak-256 hash of "eip1967.proxy.admin" subtracted by 1, and is
     * validated in the constructor.
     */
    bytes32 internal constant _ADMIN_SLOT = 0xb53127684a568b3173ae13b9f8a6016e243e63b6e8ee1178d6a717850b5d6103;

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the admin account has changed.
     */
    event AdminChanged(address previousAdmin, address newAdmin);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current admin.
     */
    function _getAdmin() internal view returns (address) {
        return StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_ADMIN_SLOT).value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Stores a new address in the EIP1967 admin slot.
     */
    function _setAdmin(address newAdmin) private {
        require(newAdmin != address(0), "ERC1967: new admin is the zero address");
        StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_ADMIN_SLOT).value = newAdmin;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Changes the admin of the proxy.
     *
     * Emits an {AdminChanged} event.
     */
    function _changeAdmin(address newAdmin) internal {
        emit AdminChanged(_getAdmin(), newAdmin);
        _setAdmin(newAdmin);
    }

    /**
     * @dev The storage slot of the UpgradeableBeacon contract which defines the implementation for this proxy.
     * This is bytes32(uint256(keccak256('eip1967.proxy.beacon')) - 1)) and is validated in the constructor.
     */
    bytes32 internal constant _BEACON_SLOT = 0xa3f0ad74e5423aebfd80d3ef4346578335a9a72aeaee59ff6cb3582b35133d50;

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the beacon is upgraded.
     */
    event BeaconUpgraded(address indexed beacon);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current beacon.
     */
    function _getBeacon() internal view returns (address) {
        return StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_BEACON_SLOT).value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Stores a new beacon in the EIP1967 beacon slot.
     */
    function _setBeacon(address newBeacon) private {
        require(Address.isContract(newBeacon), "ERC1967: new beacon is not a contract");
        require(
            Address.isContract(IBeacon(newBeacon).implementation()),
            "ERC1967: beacon implementation is not a contract"
        );
        StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_BEACON_SLOT).value = newBeacon;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Perform beacon upgrade with additional setup call. Note: This upgrades the address of the beacon, it does
     * not upgrade the implementation contained in the beacon (see {UpgradeableBeacon-_setImplementation} for that).
     *
     * Emits a {BeaconUpgraded} event.
     */
    function _upgradeBeaconToAndCall(
        address newBeacon,
        bytes memory data,
        bool forceCall
    ) internal {
        _setBeacon(newBeacon);
        emit BeaconUpgraded(newBeacon);
        if (data.length > 0 || forceCall) {
            Address.functionDelegateCall(IBeacon(newBeacon).implementation(), data);
        }
    }
}


// File @openzeppelin/contracts/proxy/ERC1967/[email protected]


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (proxy/ERC1967/ERC1967Proxy.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;


/**
 * @dev This contract implements an upgradeable proxy. It is upgradeable because calls are delegated to an
 * implementation address that can be changed. This address is stored in storage in the location specified by
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1967[EIP1967], so that it doesn't conflict with the storage layout of the
 * implementation behind the proxy.
 */
contract ERC1967Proxy is Proxy, ERC1967Upgrade {
    /**
     * @dev Initializes the upgradeable proxy with an initial implementation specified by `_logic`.
     *
     * If `_data` is nonempty, it's used as data in a delegate call to `_logic`. This will typically be an encoded
     * function call, and allows initializing the storage of the proxy like a Solidity constructor.
     */
    constructor(address _logic, bytes memory _data) payable {
        _upgradeToAndCall(_logic, _data, false);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current implementation address.
     */
    function _implementation() internal view virtual override returns (address impl) {
        return ERC1967Upgrade._getImplementation();
    }
}


// File @openzeppelin/contracts/proxy/transparent/[email protected]


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (proxy/transparent/TransparentUpgradeableProxy.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev This contract implements a proxy that is upgradeable by an admin.
 *
 * To avoid https://medium.com/nomic-labs-blog/malicious-backdoors-in-ethereum-proxies-62629adf3357[proxy selector
 * clashing], which can potentially be used in an attack, this contract uses the
 * https://blog.openzeppelin.com/the-transparent-proxy-pattern/[transparent proxy pattern]. This pattern implies two
 * things that go hand in hand:
 *
 * 1. If any account other than the admin calls the proxy, the call will be forwarded to the implementation, even if
 * that call matches one of the admin functions exposed by the proxy itself.
 * 2. If the admin calls the proxy, it can access the admin functions, but its calls will never be forwarded to the
 * implementation. If the admin tries to call a function on the implementation it will fail with an error that says
 * "admin cannot fallback to proxy target".
 *
 * These properties mean that the admin account can only be used for admin actions like upgrading the proxy or changing
 * the admin, so it's best if it's a dedicated account that is not used for anything else. This will avoid headaches due
 * to sudden errors when trying to call a function from the proxy implementation.
 *
 * Our recommendation is for the dedicated account to be an instance of the {ProxyAdmin} contract. If set up this way,
 * you should think of the `ProxyAdmin` instance as the real administrative interface of your proxy.
 */
contract TransparentUpgradeableProxy is ERC1967Proxy {
    /**
     * @dev Initializes an upgradeable proxy managed by `_admin`, backed by the implementation at `_logic`, and
     * optionally initialized with `_data` as explained in {ERC1967Proxy-constructor}.
     */
    constructor(
        address _logic,
        address admin_,
        bytes memory _data
    ) payable ERC1967Proxy(_logic, _data) {
        _changeAdmin(admin_);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Modifier used internally that will delegate the call to the implementation unless the sender is the admin.
     */
    modifier ifAdmin() {
        if (msg.sender == _getAdmin()) {
            _;
        } else {
            _fallback();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current admin.
     *
     * NOTE: Only the admin can call this function. See {ProxyAdmin-getProxyAdmin}.
     *
     * TIP: To get this value clients can read directly from the storage slot shown below (specified by EIP1967) using the
     * https://eth.wiki/json-rpc/API#eth_getstorageat[`eth_getStorageAt`] RPC call.
     * `0xb53127684a568b3173ae13b9f8a6016e243e63b6e8ee1178d6a717850b5d6103`
     */
    function admin() external ifAdmin returns (address admin_) {
        admin_ = _getAdmin();
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current implementation.
     *
     * NOTE: Only the admin can call this function. See {ProxyAdmin-getProxyImplementation}.
     *
     * TIP: To get this value clients can read directly from the storage slot shown below (specified by EIP1967) using the
     * https://eth.wiki/json-rpc/API#eth_getstorageat[`eth_getStorageAt`] RPC call.
     * `0x360894a13ba1a3210667c828492db98dca3e2076cc3735a920a3ca505d382bbc`
     */
    function implementation() external ifAdmin returns (address implementation_) {
        implementation_ = _implementation();
    }

    /**
     * @dev Changes the admin of the proxy.
     *
     * Emits an {AdminChanged} event.
     *
     * NOTE: Only the admin can call this function. See {ProxyAdmin-changeProxyAdmin}.
     */
    function changeAdmin(address newAdmin) external virtual ifAdmin {
        _changeAdmin(newAdmin);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Upgrade the implementation of the proxy.
     *
     * NOTE: Only the admin can call this function. See {ProxyAdmin-upgrade}.
     */
    function upgradeTo(address newImplementation) external ifAdmin {
        _upgradeToAndCall(newImplementation, bytes(""), false);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Upgrade the implementation of the proxy, and then call a function from the new implementation as specified
     * by `data`, which should be an encoded function call. This is useful to initialize new storage variables in the
     * proxied contract.
     *
     * NOTE: Only the admin can call this function. See {ProxyAdmin-upgradeAndCall}.
     */
    function upgradeToAndCall(address newImplementation, bytes calldata data) external payable ifAdmin {
        _upgradeToAndCall(newImplementation, data, true);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current admin.
     */
    function _admin() internal view virtual returns (address) {
        return _getAdmin();
    }

    /**
     * @dev Makes sure the admin cannot access the fallback function. See {Proxy-_beforeFallback}.
     */
    function _beforeFallback() internal virtual override {
        require(msg.sender != _getAdmin(), "TransparentUpgradeableProxy: admin cannot fallback to proxy target");
        super._beforeFallback();
    }
}


// File @openzeppelin/contracts/proxy/transparent/[email protected]


// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (proxy/transparent/ProxyAdmin.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;


/**
 * @dev This is an auxiliary contract meant to be assigned as the admin of a {TransparentUpgradeableProxy}. For an
 * explanation of why you would want to use this see the documentation for {TransparentUpgradeableProxy}.
 */
contract ProxyAdmin is Ownable {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the current implementation of `proxy`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - This contract must be the admin of `proxy`.
     */
    function getProxyImplementation(TransparentUpgradeableProxy proxy) public view virtual returns (address) {
        // We need to manually run the static call since the getter cannot be flagged as view
        // bytes4(keccak256("implementation()")) == 0x5c60da1b
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = address(proxy).staticcall(hex"5c60da1b");
        require(success);
        return abi.decode(returndata, (address));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current admin of `proxy`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - This contract must be the admin of `proxy`.
     */
    function getProxyAdmin(TransparentUpgradeableProxy proxy) public view virtual returns (address) {
        // We need to manually run the static call since the getter cannot be flagged as view
        // bytes4(keccak256("admin()")) == 0xf851a440
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = address(proxy).staticcall(hex"f851a440");
        require(success);
        return abi.decode(returndata, (address));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Changes the admin of `proxy` to `newAdmin`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - This contract must be the current admin of `proxy`.
     */
    function changeProxyAdmin(TransparentUpgradeableProxy proxy, address newAdmin) public virtual onlyOwner {
        proxy.changeAdmin(newAdmin);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Upgrades `proxy` to `implementation`. See {TransparentUpgradeableProxy-upgradeTo}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - This contract must be the admin of `proxy`.
     */
    function upgrade(TransparentUpgradeableProxy proxy, address implementation) public virtual onlyOwner {
        proxy.upgradeTo(implementation);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Upgrades `proxy` to `implementation` and calls a function on the new implementation. See
     * {TransparentUpgradeableProxy-upgradeToAndCall}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - This contract must be the admin of `proxy`.
     */
    function upgradeAndCall(
        TransparentUpgradeableProxy proxy,
        address implementation,
        bytes memory data
    ) public payable virtual onlyOwner {
        proxy.upgradeToAndCall{value: msg.value}(implementation, data);
    }
}


// File contracts/upgrade/ProxyAdmin.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (proxy/transparent/ProxyAdmin.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;


// File contracts/upgrade/TransparentUpgradeableProxy.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (proxy/transparent/TransparentUpgradeableProxy.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;


// File contracts/Create2Factory.sol


// Copied from https://github.com/axelarnetwork/axelar-utils-solidity/commits/main/contracts/ConstAddressDeployer.sol

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

contract Create2Factory {
    error EmptyBytecode();
    error FailedDeploy();
    error FailedInit();

    event Deployed(
        bytes32 indexed bytecodeHash,
        bytes32 indexed salt,
        address indexed deployedAddress
    );

    /**
     * @dev Deploys a contract using `CREATE2`. The address where the contract
     * will be deployed can be known in advance via {deployedAddress}.
     *
     * The bytecode for a contract can be obtained from Solidity with
     * `type(contractName).creationCode`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `bytecode` must not be empty.
     * - `salt` must have not been used for `bytecode` already by the same `msg.sender`.
     */
    function deploy(bytes memory bytecode, bytes32 salt)
        external
        returns (address deployedAddress_)
    {
        deployedAddress_ = _deploy(
            bytecode,
            keccak256(abi.encode(msg.sender, salt))
        );
    }

    /**
     * @dev Deploys a contract using `CREATE2` and initialize it. The address where the contract
     * will be deployed can be known in advance via {deployedAddress}.
     *
     * The bytecode for a contract can be obtained from Solidity with
     * `type(contractName).creationCode`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `bytecode` must not be empty.
     * - `salt` must have not been used for `bytecode` already by the same `msg.sender`.
     * - `init` is used to initialize the deployed contract
     *    as an option to not have the constructor args affect the address derived by `CREATE2`.
     */
    function deployAndInit(
        bytes memory bytecode,
        bytes32 salt,
        bytes calldata init
    ) external returns (address deployedAddress_) {
        deployedAddress_ = _deploy(
            bytecode,
            keccak256(abi.encode(msg.sender, salt))
        );

        // solhint-disable-next-line avoid-low-level-calls
        (bool success, ) = deployedAddress_.call(init);
        if (!success) revert FailedInit();
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address where a contract will be stored if deployed via {deploy} or {deployAndInit} by `sender`.
     * Any change in the `bytecode`, `sender`, or `salt` will result in a new destination address.
     */
    function deployedAddress(
        bytes calldata bytecode,
        address sender,
        bytes32 salt
    ) external view returns (address deployedAddress_) {
        bytes32 newSalt = keccak256(abi.encode(sender, salt));
        deployedAddress_ = address(
            uint160(
                uint256(
                    keccak256(
                        abi.encodePacked(
                            hex"ff",
                            address(this),
                            newSalt,
                            keccak256(bytecode) // init code hash
                        )
                    )
                )
            )
        );
    }

    function _deploy(bytes memory bytecode, bytes32 salt)
        internal
        returns (address deployedAddress_)
    {
        if (bytecode.length == 0) revert EmptyBytecode();

        // solhint-disable-next-line no-inline-assembly
        assembly {
            deployedAddress_ := create2(
                0,
                add(bytecode, 32),
                mload(bytecode),
                salt
            )
        }

        if (deployedAddress_ == address(0)) revert FailedDeploy();

        emit Deployed(keccak256(bytecode), salt, deployedAddress_);
    }
}


// File contracts/test/bad-recipient/BadRecipient2.sol


pragma solidity >=0.8.0;

contract BadRecipient2 {
    function handle(uint32, bytes32) external pure {} // solhint-disable-line no-empty-blocks
}

Contract Security Audit

No Contract Security Audit Submitted- Submit Audit Here

Contract ABI

[{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"_logic","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"admin_","type":"address"},{"internalType":"bytes","name":"_data","type":"bytes"}],"stateMutability":"payable","type":"constructor"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":false,"internalType":"address","name":"previousAdmin","type":"address"},{"indexed":false,"internalType":"address","name":"newAdmin","type":"address"}],"name":"AdminChanged","type":"event"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"beacon","type":"address"}],"name":"BeaconUpgraded","type":"event"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"implementation","type":"address"}],"name":"Upgraded","type":"event"},{"stateMutability":"payable","type":"fallback"},{"inputs":[],"name":"admin","outputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"admin_","type":"address"}],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"newAdmin","type":"address"}],"name":"changeAdmin","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"implementation","outputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"implementation_","type":"address"}],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"newImplementation","type":"address"}],"name":"upgradeTo","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"newImplementation","type":"address"},{"internalType":"bytes","name":"data","type":"bytes"}],"name":"upgradeToAndCall","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"payable","type":"function"},{"stateMutability":"payable","type":"receive"}]

Deployed Bytecode

Decompile Bytecode

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

Block		Transaction	Difficulty	Gas Used	Reward

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Multichain Portfolio | 30 Chains

Display all chains •

Last updated: less than 1 sec ago

Chain	Token	Portfolio %	Price	Amount	Value
ETH	Lumia Token (LUMIA)	38.20%	$1.35	61,616,278.6332	$83,181,976.15
ETH	Polygon Ecosystem Token (POL)	23.34%	$0.48136	105,584,807.8447	$50,824,303.1
ETH	Ether (ETH)	15.01%	$3,296.07	9,918.9142	$32,693,432.8
ETH	Tether USD (USDT)	5.94%	$0.999363	12,950,452.5429	$12,942,203.1
ETH	Wrapped BTC (WBTC)	5.24%	$95,467	119.6165	$11,419,424.35
ETH	OKB (OKB)	3.98%	$45.47	190,634.0769	$8,668,131.47
ETH	USDC (USDC)	3.32%	$1	7,224,255.9609	$7,231,480.22
ETH	Matic Token (MATIC)	1.43%	$0.480656	6,466,277.2471	$3,108,057.13
ETH	Orbit Chain (ORC)	0.92%	$0.006373	313,327,620.9682	$1,996,720.2
ETH	Dai Stablecoin (DAI)	0.80%	$1	1,745,547.1595	$1,747,292.71
ETH	Rocket Pool ETH (RETH)	0.36%	$3,719.1	207.8946	$773,180.71
ETH	QuickSwap (QUICK)	0.20%	$0.042406	10,425,606.4278	$442,109.52
ETH	MoonRock (ROCK)	0.15%	$0.000638	500,101,990.1804	$319,115.08
ETH	TriumphX (TRIX)	0.14%	$0.000918	343,888,195.9658	$315,622.61
ETH	Wrapped liquid staked Ether 2.0 (WSTETH)	0.13%	$3,948.75	70.507	$278,414.57
ETH	3SPACE ART (PACE)	0.11%	$0.027991	8,723,924.5017	$244,194.95
ETH	Giveth (GIV)	0.08%	$0.007011	25,277,716.5881	$177,231.68
ETH	ELYSIA (EL)	0.07%	$0.00819	18,426,306.5789	$150,902.97
ETH	Gala (GALA)	0.05%	$0.035522	2,867,528.1766	$101,861.34
ETH	Staked MATIC (STMATIC)	0.04%	$0.549588	171,984.723	$94,520.74
ETH	Orbs (ORBS)	0.04%	$0.027413	2,817,267.0158	$77,230.02
ETH	Tokamak Network Token (TON)	0.03%	$1.77	41,785.5964	$73,960.51
ETH	Aave Token (AAVE)	0.03%	$327.11	192.4695	$62,958.7
ETH	Antfarm Token (ATF)	0.03%	$0.120633	491,832.2106	$59,331.2
ETH	BiFi (BIFI)	0.03%	$0.002532	21,534,516.261	$54,532.5
ETH	Hakka Finance (HAKKA)	0.02%	$0.002781	15,000,000	$41,722.05
ETH	ChainLink Token (LINK)	0.02%	$22.82	1,531.1969	$34,941.91
ETH	POLARIS SHARE (POLA)	0.01%	$0.022647	1,239,618.5931	$28,073.44
ETH	Curve DAO Token (CRV)	0.01%	$0.845312	31,182.6963	$26,359.1
ETH	Tether Gold (XAUT)	0.01%	$2,635.57	9.9856	$26,317.63
ETH	CargoX (CXO)	0.01%	$0.180127	138,836.7412	$25,008.25
ETH	UNIUM (UNM)	0.01%	$11.46	2,020.001	$23,149.21
ETH	dKargo (DKA)	<0.01%	$0.023697	694,723.7235	$16,462.91
ETH	Balancer (BAL)	<0.01%	$2.53	6,330.0447	$16,015.01
ETH	Tellor Tributes (TRB)	<0.01%	$60.86	243	$14,788.98
ETH	Stream Protocol (STPL)	<0.01%	$0.000669	21,997,057.4502	$14,705.23
ETH	Handy Token (HANDY)	<0.01%	$0.000419	34,699,842.6813	$14,542.38
ETH	Telcoin (TEL)	<0.01%	$0.005385	2,550,528.91	$13,733.65
ETH	rsETH (RSETH)	<0.01%	$3,394.9	3.05	$10,354.27
ETH	SAND (SAND)	<0.01%	$0.570208	17,828.9396	$10,166.2
ETH	Panther ($ZKP)	<0.01%	$0.022903	423,794.7009	$9,706.06
ETH	Aergo (AERGO)	<0.01%	$0.136564	51,678.9186	$7,057.48
ETH	Amulet (AMU)	<0.01%	$0.00655	984,659.0578	$6,449.95
ETH	Wrapped Ether (WETH)	<0.01%	$3,296.07	1.9504	$6,428.56
ETH	BioPassport Coin (BIOT)	<0.01%	$0.001374	3,923,000.3791	$5,389.3
ETH	Talken (TALK)	<0.01%	$0.026928	191,319.4433	$5,151.89
ETH	ValorToken (VALOR)	<0.01%	$0.101708	50,000	$5,085.4
ETH	Maker (MKR)	<0.01%	$1,601.84	3.1077	$4,978.06
ETH	Uniswap (UNI)	<0.01%	$14.03	305.1112	$4,280.71
ETH	300FIT Network (FIT)	<0.01%	$0.00045	9,484,383.9106	$4,271.49
ETH	Follow (FOLO)	<0.01%	$0.007338	540,000	$3,962.33
ETH	Morpheus.Network (MNW)	<0.01%	$0.361637	10,318.5733	$3,731.58
ETH	Shih Tzu (SHIH)	<0.01%	<$0.000001	5,272,974,849,607.7256	$3,120.94
ETH	Lambda (LAMBDA)	<0.01%	$0.00282	1,000,000	$2,819.91
ETH	DUCATO Protocol Token (DUCATO)	<0.01%	$0.001498	1,797,227.656	$2,693.02
ETH	SuperVerse (SUPER)	<0.01%	$1.51	1,502.22	$2,268.35
ETH	HarryPotterObamaSonic10Inu (BITCOIN)	<0.01%	$0.170638	12,926.3483	$2,205.73
ETH	Carnomaly (CARR)	<0.01%	$0.003358	572,286.7001	$1,921.73
ETH	TrueUSD (TUSD)	<0.01%	$1	1,644.8167	$1,646.46
ETH	Swarm Markets (SMT)	<0.01%	$0.245347	6,414.1164	$1,573.68
ETH	Dolz (DOLZ)	<0.01%	$0.006372	240,887.4766	$1,534.88
ETH	Agoras Token (AGRS)	<0.01%	$1.27	997.7293	$1,267.12
ETH	VAIOT Token (VAI)	<0.01%	$0.075567	16,706.4735	$1,262.46
ETH	Decentral Games (DG)	<0.01%	$0.014809	83,077.9268	$1,230.28
ETH	Graph Token (GRT)	<0.01%	$0.209051	5,880.812	$1,229.39
ETH	PYR Token (PYR)	<0.01%	$3	395.9471	$1,188.9
ETH	LUSD Stablecoin (LUSD)	<0.01%	$0.995194	1,152.8405	$1,147.3
ETH	FOOM (FOOM)	<0.01%	<$0.000001	13,744,578,071	$1,121.81
ETH	Lido DAO Token (LDO)	<0.01%	$1.73	642.3785	$1,111.31
ETH	ZigCoin (ZIG)	<0.01%	$0.110828	10,000.001	$1,108.28
ETH	POLKER (PKR)	<0.01%	$0.00215	498,427.5927	$1,071.69
ETH	OBORTECH (OBOT)	<0.01%	$0.028079	36,091.0188	$1,013.39
ETH	SportX (SX)	<0.01%	$0.096757	9,703.3686	$938.87
ETH	Yield Guild Games Token (YGG)	<0.01%	$0.49034	1,895.8813	$929.63
ETH	dHedge DAO Token (DHT)	<0.01%	$0.079692	11,556.5617	$920.97
ETH	FiNANCiE Token (FNCT)	<0.01%	$0.003795	233,723	$887.05
ETH	SpongeBob (SPONGE)	<0.01%	$0.000034	26,168,997.1285	$883.21
ETH	GALAXIS Token (GALAXIS)	<0.01%	$0.000914	949,472	$867.58
ETH	Genius Token & NFT Collections (GNUS)	<0.01%	$7.48	110	$822.8
ETH	Ultra Token (UOS)	<0.01%	$0.090661	9,021.885	$817.93
ETH	ApeCoin (APE)	<0.01%	$1.17	644.389	$753.94
ETH	Cashaa (CAS)	<0.01%	$0.003904	189,036.8709	$738.07
ETH	Decentraland (MANA)	<0.01%	$0.480539	1,453.067	$698.26
ETH	Deri (DERI)	<0.01%	$0.029124	22,002	$640.79
ETH	Render Token (RNDR)	<0.01%	$7.11	90.1253	$640.79
ETH	Verse (VERSE)	<0.01%	$0.000157	3,991,098.4875	$628.52
ETH	THE TRUTH (UFO)	<0.01%	$0.000001	968,665,812.806	$622.78
ETH	Wrapped eETH (WEETH)	<0.01%	$3,504.51	0.1634	$572.66
ETH	Dimo (DIMO)	<0.01%	$0.173257	3,134.1083	$543.01
ETH	bitsCrunch Token (BCUT)	<0.01%	$0.077917	6,766.5243	$527.23
ETH	Tamadoge (TAMA)	<0.01%	$0.001155	407,513.5152	$470.67
ETH	Liquid Staking Matic (MATICX)	<0.01%	$0.548334	830.4229	$455.35
ETH	swETH (SWETH)	<0.01%	$3,564.79	0.1076	$383.73
ETH	Moon Tropica (CAH)	<0.01%	$14.43	26.0576	$376.07
ETH	Pepe (PEPE)	<0.01%	$0.000018	18,768,642.4128	$336.9
ETH	CERE Network (CERE)	<0.01%	$0.004001	84,112.78	$336.56
ETH	PancakeSwap Token (CAKE)	<0.01%	$2.39	138.8801	$331.92
ETH	DFX Token (DFX)	<0.01%	$0.022203	14,006.7878	$310.99
ETH	PotCoin.com POT (POT)	<0.01%	$0.004621	66,030.2174	$305.09
ETH	PYR Token (PYR)	<0.01%	$3	100	$300.27
ETH	LCX (LCX)	<0.01%	$0.264342	1,000	$264.34
ETH	CoinPoker Chips (CHP)	<0.01%	$0.053403	4,931.95	$263.38
ETH	Trias Token (TRIAS)	<0.01%	$3.51	75	$263.25
ETH	Boson Token (BOSON)	<0.01%	$0.294509	866.8325	$255.29
ETH	Neighbourhoods Token (NHT)	<0.01%	$0.000508	500,000	$254
ETH	1INCH Token (1INCH)	<0.01%	$0.386158	634.4191	$244.99
ETH	OVR (OVR)	<0.01%	$0.298669	812.362	$242.63
ETH	Ankr Network (ANKR)	<0.01%	$0.035608	6,789.3666	$241.76
ETH	Rai.Finance (SOFI)	<0.01%	$0.010863	21,000	$228.12
ETH	D-Drops (DOP)	<0.01%	$0.02062	10,000	$206.2
ETH	4CHAN (4CHAN)	<0.01%	<$0.000001	9,398,757,522,026,620	$204.75
ETH	Numeraire (NMR)	<0.01%	$15.14	12.8386	$194.38
ETH	Everipedia IQ (IQ)	<0.01%	$0.007413	26,000	$192.75
ETH	Kai Ken (KAI)	<0.01%	<$0.000001	15,144,245,348.8897	$191.88
ETH	Blood Crystal (BC)	<0.01%	$0.028518	6,621.62	$188.84
ETH	Global Coin Research (GCR)	<0.01%	$0.26073	700	$182.51
ETH	GPT Protocol (GPT)	<0.01%	$0.002495	63,848.1431	$159.31
ETH	MASQ (MASQ)	<0.01%	$0.149674	1,000	$149.67
ETH	MobyToken (MOBY)	<0.01%	$0.046858	3,112.3924	$145.84
ETH	Forest Knight (KNIGHT)	<0.01%	$0.011334	12,641.0872	$143.27
ETH	Modefi (MOD)	<0.01%	$0.039563	3,316.8418	$131.22
ETH	Spring Token (SPRING)	<0.01%	$0.003481	37,614.8557	$130.92
ETH	Kyber Network Crystal v2 (KNC)	<0.01%	$0.542391	236.6957	$128.38
ETH	DeFine Art (DFA)	<0.01%	$0.000417	301,742.5343	$125.81
ETH	Route (ROUTE)	<0.01%	$1.25	100	$125
ETH	Wrapped Matic (Wormhole) (WMATIC)	<0.01%	$0.475578	252.7037	$120.18
ETH	Streamr (DATA)	<0.01%	$0.046635	2,502.4122	$116.7
ETH	MCHCoin (MCHC)	<0.01%	$0.049648	2,269.7717	$112.69
ETH	MOONEY (MOONEY)	<0.01%	$0.000547	200,000	$109.33
ETH	DefiPulse Index (DPI)	<0.01%	$147.42	0.7356	$108.44
ETH	Ixs Token (IXS)	<0.01%	$0.429511	242.1943	$104.03
ETH	Terra Virtua Kolect (TVK)	<0.01%	$0.051733	1,919.5668	$99.3
ETH	Sabai Ecoverse Token (SABAI)	<0.01%	$0.018847	5,088.0502	$95.89
ETH	Interest Compounding ETH Index (ICETH)	<0.01%	$3,823.15	0.0246	$94.07
ETH	DeRace Token (DERC)	<0.01%	$0.107466	749.7069	$80.57
ETH	SelfKey (KEY)	<0.01%	$0.000694	115,110.0488	$79.86
ETH	YfDAI.finance (YF-DAI)	<0.01%	$24.98	3.0401	$75.94
ETH	THX Network (THX)	<0.01%	$0.003644	20,000	$72.89
ETH	FrontFanz (FANX)	<0.01%	$0.000752	96,309.9777	$72.41
ETH	Impermax (IBEX)	<0.01%	$0.07418	963.3826	$71.46
ETH	Shrub (SHRUB)	<0.01%	$0.028078	2,434.5641	$68.36
ETH	Tetu Token (TETU)	<0.01%	$0.000837	80,873	$67.68
ETH	UniBright (UBT)	<0.01%	$0.042895	1,543	$66.19
ETH	POOH (POOH)	<0.01%	<$0.000001	4,421,283,497.3062	$65.07
ETH	TrustVerse (TRV)	<0.01%	$0.001087	58,562.1586	$63.65
ETH	Stader (SD)	<0.01%	$0.95356	66.6667	$63.57
ETH	UniX Gaming (UNIX)	<0.01%	$0.001957	29,436.0875	$57.6
ETH	Human Token (HMT)	<0.01%	$0.051948	1,005	$52.21
ETH	ZNDToken (ZND)	<0.01%	$0.528257	91.25	$48.2
ETH	Forta (FORT)	<0.01%	$0.118184	403.2272	$47.66
ETH	Carbify (CBY)	<0.01%	$0.68141	69.8636	$47.61
ETH	Arkham (ARKM)	<0.01%	$1.47	30	$44.04
ETH	ROND Coin (ROND)	<0.01%	$0.002451	17,408.7581	$42.67
ETH	PolkastarterToken (POLS)	<0.01%	$0.42363	100	$42.36
ETH	Coinbase Wrapped Staked ETH (CBETH)	<0.01%	$3,596.67	0.0112	$40.15
ETH	Curve.Fi USD Stablecoin (CRVUSD)	<0.01%	$0.999069	38.7755	$38.74
ETH	MANTRA DAO (OM)	<0.01%	$3.69	10	$36.9
ETH	Smart Layer Network Token (SLN)	<0.01%	$0.197586	186.0414	$36.76
ETH	SushiToken (SUSHI)	<0.01%	$1.46	24.435	$35.68
ETH	pepeCoin (PEPECOIN)	<0.01%	$2.48	13.37	$33.18
ETH	Universal ETH (UNIETH)	<0.01%	$3,521.28	0.00938948	$33.06
ETH	POPKON (POPK)	<0.01%	$0.000668	40,252.26	$26.9
ETH	Vabble (VAB)	<0.01%	$0.001506	17,336.8714	$26.11
ETH	Covalent Query Token (CQT)	<0.01%	$0.005524	4,575.096	$25.27
ETH	Hoppy (HOPPY)	<0.01%	$0.000111	224,825.2781	$25.01
ETH	Pax Dollar (USDP)	<0.01%	$1	25	$25
ETH	Unagi Token (UNA)	<0.01%	$0.018643	1,232	$22.97
ETH	Immutable X (IMX)	<0.01%	$1.35	16.6998	$22.54
ETH	Melon Token (MLN)	<0.01%	$20.63	1	$20.63
ETH	PKG Token (PKG)	<0.01%	$0.000002	10,000,000	$19.87
ETH	BMChain Token (BMT)	<0.01%	$0.000444	43,775.8876	$19.42
ETH	Frax (FRAX)	<0.01%	$0.994837	17.7837	$17.69
ETH	AXIA TOKEN (axiaprotocol.io) (AXIAV3)	<0.01%	$0.001754	10,077.7578	$17.68
ETH	Savings Dai (SDAI)	<0.01%	$1.13	14.7662	$16.69
ETH	BetSwirl v2 (BETS)	<0.01%	$0.000385	41,185.2031	$15.85
ETH	IDEAOLOGY (IDEA)	<0.01%	$0.001208	12,660	$15.29
ETH	Gelato Network Token (GEL)	<0.01%	$0.199715	76.3986	$15.26
ETH	Adventure Gold (AGLD)	<0.01%	$1.52	10	$15.21
ETH	Fantom Token (FTM)	<0.01%	$0.992994	15	$14.89
ETH	ICHI (ICHI)	<0.01%	$0.71868	20	$14.37
ETH	Synthetix Network Token (SNX)	<0.01%	$2.02	6.8402	$13.82
ETH	FOX (FOX)	<0.01%	$0.061941	216	$13.38
ETH	Hop (HOP)	<0.01%	$0.015576	845.7611	$13.17
ETH	KuCoin Token (KCS)	<0.01%	$10.98	1	$10.98
ETH	Skeb Coin (SKEB)	<0.01%	$0.000639	16,952.5	$10.83
ETH	SocialGood (SG)	<0.01%	$0.211754	50	$10.59
ETH	Polytrade (TRADE)	<0.01%	$0.575019	18	$10.35
ETH	PoolTogether (POOL)	<0.01%	$1	10	$10.01
ETH	HEX (HEX)	<0.01%	$0.004361	1,939.2096	$8.46
ETH	Sarcophagus (SARCO)	<0.01%	$0.027138	301	$8.17
ETH	Decentraweb (DWEB)	<0.01%	$0.015991	452.844	$7.24
ETH	Tidal Token (TIDAL)	<0.01%	$0.000102	70,604.6177	$7.19
ETH	Decentralized Insurance Protocol (DIP)	<0.01%	$0.013441	500	$6.72
ETH	Aavegotchi GHST Token (GHST)	<0.01%	$1.01	5.98	$6.02
ETH	pSTAKE Finance (PSTAKE)	<0.01%	$0.057646	100	$5.76
ETH	Mechanium ($MECHA)	<0.01%	$0.005655	985.58	$5.57
ETH	Wrapped TON Coin (TONCOIN)	<0.01%	$5.47	1	$5.47
ETH	Mai Stablecoin (MAI)	<0.01%	$0.994257	5.2069	$5.18
ETH	00 Token (00)	<0.01%	$0.048627	100	$4.86
ETH	Ethereum Name Service (ENS)	<0.01%	$34.39	0.1344	$4.62
ETH	BONE SHIBASWAP (BONE)	<0.01%	$0.454099	10	$4.54
ETH	StaFi (FIS)	<0.01%	$0.425108	10	$4.25
ETH	Convex Token (CVX)	<0.01%	$4.04	1	$4.04
ETH	IDEX Token (IDEX)	<0.01%	$0.061019	64.9872	$3.97
ETH	Aura (AURA)	<0.01%	$0.393337	10.05	$3.95
ETH	HNB Protocol (HNB)	<0.01%	$0.001794	2,200	$3.95
ETH	Greelance (GRL)	<0.01%	$0.003798	1,000	$3.8
ETH	ether.fi governance token (ETHFI)	<0.01%	$2	1.8666	$3.73
ETH	ETHx (ETHX)	<0.01%	$3,465.12	0.001	$3.47
ETH	SHIBA INU (SHIB)	<0.01%	$0.000022	158,000	$3.45
ETH	Rocket Pool (RPL)	<0.01%	$11.36	0.3	$3.41
ETH	Brett (BRETT)	<0.01%	$0.021079	158.0383	$3.33
ETH	Republic (REN)	<0.01%	$0.02905	110.01	$3.2
ETH	EFFORCE IEO (WOZX)	<0.01%	$0.003127	1,000	$3.13
ETH	LQTY (LQTY)	<0.01%	$1.66	1.8402	$3.05
ETH	Sipher Token (SIPHER)	<0.01%	$0.147031	20	$2.94
ETH	DUST Protocol (DUST)	<0.01%	$0.133239	22	$2.93
ETH	Wrapped Minima (WMINIMA)	<0.01%	$0.056812	50	$2.84
ETH	Rush coin (RUSH)	<0.01%	<$0.000001	27,823,693.2694	$2.78
ETH	iFARM (IFARM)	<0.01%	$75.38	0.0296	$2.23
ETH	HuobiToken (HT)	<0.01%	$0.992571	2	$1.99
ETH	ShibOriginalVision (SOV)	<0.01%	<$0.000001	599,731,919.3946	$1.93
ETH	Green Bitcoin (GBTC)	<0.01%	$0.189067	10	$1.89
ETH	CaicaCoin (CICC)	<0.01%	$0.014624	126	$1.84
ETH	GreenMetaverseToken (GMT)	<0.01%	$0.13387	10	$1.34
ETH	Dogeverse (DOGEVERSE)	<0.01%	$0.000011	120,325	$1.31
ETH	Blur (BLUR)	<0.01%	$0.259575	5	$1.3
ETH	Compound (COMP)	<0.01%	$80.68	0.0154	$1.24
ETH	VANRY (VANRY)	<0.01%	$0.111066	10	$1.11
ETH	SAIL Token (SAIL)	<0.01%	$0.003602	300	$1.08
ETH	EURA (previously agEUR) (EURA)	<0.01%	$1.04	1	$1.04
ETH	MultiVAC (MTV)	<0.01%	$0.000764	1,000	$0.7641
ETH	iXledger (IXT)	<0.01%	$0.002237	319.8655	$0.7155
ETH	Defactor (FACTR)	<0.01%	$0.046433	15	$0.6964
ETH	GAME Credits (GAME)	<0.01%	$0.006181	111.614	$0.6898
ETH	Auditchain (AUDT)	<0.01%	$0.045256	13.4297	$0.6077
ETH	Bankless Token (BANK)	<0.01%	$0.001041	462.9959	$0.4821
ETH	iMe Lab (LIME)	<0.01%	$0.04806	10	$0.4806
ETH	PayPal USD (PYUSD)	<0.01%	$1	0.4508	$0.4512
ETH	Sowaka (SWK)	<0.01%	$0.222184	2	$0.4443
ETH	Illuvium (ILV)	<0.01%	$40.92	0.01	$0.4092
ETH	APM Coin (APM)	<0.01%	$0.003406	100	$0.3406
ETH	EnjinCoin (ENJ)	<0.01%	$0.221191	1.3	$0.2875
ETH	Threshold Network Token (T)	<0.01%	$0.028051	10	$0.2805
ETH	DAppNode DAO Token (NODE)	<0.01%	$0.000057	4,796.2096	$0.2756
ETH	Offshift (XFT)	<0.01%	$0.235452	1	$0.2354
ETH	KAP Games Token (KAP)	<0.01%	$0.022788	10	$0.2278
ETH	Polkamarkets (POLK)	<0.01%	$0.02068	10	$0.2068
ETH	ERC20 (ERC20)	<0.01%	$0.001493	93	$0.1388
ETH	Rai Reflex Index (RAI)	<0.01%	$3	0.0419	$0.1255
ETH	The 4th Pillar Token (FOUR)	<0.01%	$0.001136	100	$0.1136
ETH	Calvaria: Duels of Eternity (RIA)	<0.01%	$0.001119	100	$0.1119
ETH	PAR Stablecoin (PAR)	<0.01%	$1.02	0.1	$0.1016
ZKEVM	USD Coin (USDC)	<0.01%	$1	1.5	$1.5
ZKEVM	PancakeSwap Token (CAKE)	<0.01%	$2.36	124.9884	$294.97
ZKEVM	agEUR (AGEUR)	<0.01%	$1.04	6.144	$6.37
ZKEVM	Wrapped Ether (WETH)	0.02%	$3,293.84	14.9513	$49,247.3
ZKEVM	Frax (FRAX)	<0.01%	$0.993913	37.9061	$37.68
ZKEVM	Dyson Sphere (DYSN)	0.10%	$0.259614	799,819.1608	$207,644.25
ZKEVM	Aura (AURA)	<0.01%	$0.391086	1,055.1737	$412.66
BSC	Lunar Doge (LDOGE)	<0.01%	$1.86	6,904.6581	$12,870.66
BSC	Binance-Peg Ethereum Token (ETH)	<0.01%	$3,285.57	0.00446615	$14.67
BSC	BNB Chain (BNB)	<0.01%	$659.79	0.0149	$9.86
ZKSYNC	Ether (ETH)	<0.01%	$3,296.07	0.3927	$1,294.45
ARB	Ether (ETH)	<0.01%	$3,298.2	0.0858	$283.09
POL	Polygon (POL)	<0.01%	$0.475047	156.0255	$74.12
POL	Wrapped Ether (WETH)	<0.01%	$3,285.57	0.005	$16.43
BASE	Vabble (VAB)	<0.01%	$0.000036	587,426.905	$21.24
BASE	Ether (ETH)	<0.01%	$3,296.58	0.00492621	$16.24
BASE	Sekuya (SKYA)	<0.01%	$0.030742	300	$9.22
LINEA	Ether (ETH)	<0.01%	$3,296.07	0.0015	$4.94
OP	Ether (ETH)	<0.01%	$3,297.5	0.00142285	$4.69
AVAX	Avalanche (AVAX)	<0.01%	$36.44	0.11	$4.01
SCROLL	Ether (ETH)	<0.01%	$3,296.07	0.001	$3.3
GLMR	Moonbeam (GLMR)	<0.01%	$0.234688	0.1188	$0.027883
MANTLE	Mantle (MNT)	<0.01%	$1.18	0.00541127	$0.006362

A contract address hosts a smart contract, which is a set of code stored on the blockchain that runs when predetermined conditions are met. Learn more about addresses in our Knowledge Base.

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