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// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import { IS2Admin } from "./impl/IS2Admin.sol";
import { IS2Core } from "./impl/IS2Core.sol";
import { IS2Erc20 } from "./impl/IS2Erc20.sol";
import { IS2Getters } from "./impl/IS2Getters.sol";
import { IS2Storage } from "./impl/IS2Storage.sol";
import { MinHeap } from "./lib/MinHeap.sol";

/**
 * @title IkaniV2Staking
 * @author Cyborg Labs, LLC
 *
 * @dev Implements ERC-721 in-place staking with rewards.
 *
 *  Rewards are earned at a configurable base rate per staked NFT, with four bonus multipliers:
 *
 *    - Account-level (i.e. owner-level) bonuses:
 *      - Number of unique staked fabric traits
 *      - Number of unique staked season traits
 *
 *    - Token-level bonuses:
 *      - Foil trait
 *      - Staked duration checkpoints
 */
contract IkaniV2Staking is
    IS2Admin,
    IS2Getters
{
    //---------------- Constructor ----------------//

    /// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow constructor
    constructor(
        address ikani,
        address rewardsErc20
    )
        IS2Erc20(rewardsErc20)
        IS2Storage(ikani)
    {
        _disableInitializers();
    }

    //---------------- Initializer ----------------//

    function initialize(
        address admin
    )
        external
        initializer
    {
        __AccessControl_init();
        __Pausable_init();

        _grantRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE, admin);
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.5.0) (utils/Address.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.1;

/**
 * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
 */
library AddressUpgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract.
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this function returns
     * false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a contract.
     *
     * Among others, `isContract` will return false for the following
     * types of addresses:
     *
     *  - an externally-owned account
     *  - a contract in construction
     *  - an address where a contract will be created
     *  - an address where a contract lived, but was destroyed
     * ====
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * You shouldn't rely on `isContract` to protect against flash loan attacks!
     *
     * Preventing calls from contracts is highly discouraged. It breaks composability, breaks support for smart wallets
     * like Gnosis Safe, and does not provide security since it can be circumvented by calling from a contract
     * constructor.
     * ====
     */
    function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) {
        // This method relies on extcodesize/address.code.length, which returns 0
        // for contracts in construction, since the code is only stored at the end
        // of the constructor execution.

        return account.code.length > 0;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
     * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
     *
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
     * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
     * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
     * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
     *
     * https://diligence.consensys.net/posts/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
     *
     * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
     * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
     * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
     * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.5.11/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
     */
    function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
        require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Address: insufficient balance");

        (bool success, ) = recipient.call{value: amount}("");
        require(success, "Address: unable to send value, recipient may have reverted");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A
     * plain `call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this
     * function instead.
     *
     * If `target` reverts with a revert reason, it is bubbled up by this
     * function (like regular Solidity function calls).
     *
     * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value,
     * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`].
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `target` must be a contract.
     * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCall(target, data, "Address: low-level call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], but with
     * `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`.
     * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        uint256 value
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, "Address: low-level call with value failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCallWithValue-address-bytes-uint256-}[`functionCallWithValue`], but
     * with `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        uint256 value,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        require(address(this).balance >= value, "Address: insufficient balance for call");
        require(isContract(target), "Address: call to non-contract");

        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{value: value}(data);
        return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionStaticCall(target, data, "Address: low-level static call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        require(isContract(target), "Address: static call to non-contract");

        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data);
        return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tool to verifies that a low level call was successful, and revert if it wasn't, either by bubbling the
     * revert reason using the provided one.
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function verifyCallResult(
        bool success,
        bytes memory returndata,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
        if (success) {
            return returndata;
        } else {
            // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present
            if (returndata.length > 0) {
                // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly

                assembly {
                    let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
                    revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
                }
            } else {
                revert(errorMessage);
            }
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.5.0) (token/ERC721/ERC721.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./IERC721Upgradeable.sol";
import "./IERC721ReceiverUpgradeable.sol";
import "./IERC721MetadataUpgradeable.sol";
import "./AddressUpgradeable.sol";
import "./ContextUpgradeable.sol";
import "./StringsUpgradeable.sol";
import "./ERC165Upgradeable.sol";
import "./Initializable.sol";

/**
 * @dev Implementation of https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-721[ERC721] Non-Fungible Token Standard, including
 * the Metadata extension, but not including the Enumerable extension, which is available separately as
 * {ERC721Enumerable}.
 */
contract ERC721Upgradeable is Initializable, ContextUpgradeable, ERC165Upgradeable, IERC721Upgradeable, IERC721MetadataUpgradeable {
    using AddressUpgradeable for address;
    using StringsUpgradeable for uint256;

    // Token name
    string private _name;

    // Token symbol
    string private _symbol;

    // Mapping from token ID to owner address
    mapping(uint256 => address) private _owners;

    // Mapping owner address to token count
    mapping(address => uint256) private _balances;

    // Mapping from token ID to approved address
    mapping(uint256 => address) private _tokenApprovals;

    // Mapping from owner to operator approvals
    mapping(address => mapping(address => bool)) private _operatorApprovals;

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract by setting a `name` and a `symbol` to the token collection.
     */
    function __ERC721_init(string memory name_, string memory symbol_) internal onlyInitializing {
        __ERC721_init_unchained(name_, symbol_);
    }

    function __ERC721_init_unchained(string memory name_, string memory symbol_) internal onlyInitializing {
        _name = name_;
        _symbol = symbol_;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override(ERC165Upgradeable, IERC165Upgradeable) returns (bool) {
        return
            interfaceId == type(IERC721Upgradeable).interfaceId ||
            interfaceId == type(IERC721MetadataUpgradeable).interfaceId ||
            super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721-balanceOf}.
     */
    function balanceOf(address owner) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        require(owner != address(0), "ERC721: balance query for the zero address");
        return _balances[owner];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721-ownerOf}.
     */
    function ownerOf(uint256 tokenId) public view virtual override returns (address) {
        address owner = _owners[tokenId];
        require(owner != address(0), "ERC721: owner query for nonexistent token");
        return owner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721Metadata-name}.
     */
    function name() public view virtual override returns (string memory) {
        return _name;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721Metadata-symbol}.
     */
    function symbol() public view virtual override returns (string memory) {
        return _symbol;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721Metadata-tokenURI}.
     */
    function tokenURI(uint256 tokenId) public view virtual override returns (string memory) {
        require(_exists(tokenId), "ERC721Metadata: URI query for nonexistent token");

        string memory baseURI = _baseURI();
        return bytes(baseURI).length > 0 ? string(abi.encodePacked(baseURI, tokenId.toString())) : "";
    }

    /**
     * @dev Base URI for computing {tokenURI}. If set, the resulting URI for each
     * token will be the concatenation of the `baseURI` and the `tokenId`. Empty
     * by default, can be overriden in child contracts.
     */
    function _baseURI() internal view virtual returns (string memory) {
        return "";
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721-approve}.
     */
    function approve(address to, uint256 tokenId) public virtual override {
        address owner = ERC721Upgradeable.ownerOf(tokenId);
        require(to != owner, "ERC721: approval to current owner");

        require(
            _msgSender() == owner || isApprovedForAll(owner, _msgSender()),
            "ERC721: approve caller is not owner nor approved for all"
        );

        _approve(to, tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721-getApproved}.
     */
    function getApproved(uint256 tokenId) public view virtual override returns (address) {
        require(_exists(tokenId), "ERC721: approved query for nonexistent token");

        return _tokenApprovals[tokenId];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721-setApprovalForAll}.
     */
    function setApprovalForAll(address operator, bool approved) public virtual override {
        _setApprovalForAll(_msgSender(), operator, approved);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721-isApprovedForAll}.
     */
    function isApprovedForAll(address owner, address operator) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return _operatorApprovals[owner][operator];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721-transferFrom}.
     */
    function transferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 tokenId
    ) public virtual override {
        //solhint-disable-next-line max-line-length
        require(_isApprovedOrOwner(_msgSender(), tokenId), "ERC721: transfer caller is not owner nor approved");

        _transfer(from, to, tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721-safeTransferFrom}.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 tokenId
    ) public virtual override {
        safeTransferFrom(from, to, tokenId, "");
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721-safeTransferFrom}.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 tokenId,
        bytes memory _data
    ) public virtual override {
        require(_isApprovedOrOwner(_msgSender(), tokenId), "ERC721: transfer caller is not owner nor approved");
        _safeTransfer(from, to, tokenId, _data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Safely transfers `tokenId` token from `from` to `to`, checking first that contract recipients
     * are aware of the ERC721 protocol to prevent tokens from being forever locked.
     *
     * `_data` is additional data, it has no specified format and it is sent in call to `to`.
     *
     * This internal function is equivalent to {safeTransferFrom}, and can be used to e.g.
     * implement alternative mechanisms to perform token transfer, such as signature-based.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `tokenId` token must exist and be owned by `from`.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received}, which is called upon a safe transfer.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function _safeTransfer(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 tokenId,
        bytes memory _data
    ) internal virtual {
        _transfer(from, to, tokenId);
        require(_checkOnERC721Received(from, to, tokenId, _data), "ERC721: transfer to non ERC721Receiver implementer");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns whether `tokenId` exists.
     *
     * Tokens can be managed by their owner or approved accounts via {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.
     *
     * Tokens start existing when they are minted (`_mint`),
     * and stop existing when they are burned (`_burn`).
     */
    function _exists(uint256 tokenId) internal view virtual returns (bool) {
        return _owners[tokenId] != address(0);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns whether `spender` is allowed to manage `tokenId`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `tokenId` must exist.
     */
    function _isApprovedOrOwner(address spender, uint256 tokenId) internal view virtual returns (bool) {
        require(_exists(tokenId), "ERC721: operator query for nonexistent token");
        address owner = ERC721Upgradeable.ownerOf(tokenId);
        return (spender == owner || getApproved(tokenId) == spender || isApprovedForAll(owner, spender));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Safely mints `tokenId` and transfers it to `to`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `tokenId` must not exist.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received}, which is called upon a safe transfer.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function _safeMint(address to, uint256 tokenId) internal virtual {
        _safeMint(to, tokenId, "");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-ERC721-_safeMint-address-uint256-}[`_safeMint`], with an additional `data` parameter which is
     * forwarded in {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received} to contract recipients.
     */
    function _safeMint(
        address to,
        uint256 tokenId,
        bytes memory _data
    ) internal virtual {
        _mint(to, tokenId);
        require(
            _checkOnERC721Received(address(0), to, tokenId, _data),
            "ERC721: transfer to non ERC721Receiver implementer"
        );
    }

    /**
     * @dev Mints `tokenId` and transfers it to `to`.
     *
     * WARNING: Usage of this method is discouraged, use {_safeMint} whenever possible
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `tokenId` must not exist.
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function _mint(address to, uint256 tokenId) internal virtual {
        require(to != address(0), "ERC721: mint to the zero address");
        require(!_exists(tokenId), "ERC721: token already minted");

        _beforeTokenTransfer(address(0), to, tokenId);

        _balances[to] += 1;
        _owners[tokenId] = to;

        emit Transfer(address(0), to, tokenId);

        _afterTokenTransfer(address(0), to, tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Destroys `tokenId`.
     * The approval is cleared when the token is burned.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `tokenId` must exist.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function _burn(uint256 tokenId) internal virtual {
        address owner = ERC721Upgradeable.ownerOf(tokenId);

        _beforeTokenTransfer(owner, address(0), tokenId);

        // Clear approvals
        _approve(address(0), tokenId);

        _balances[owner] -= 1;
        delete _owners[tokenId];

        emit Transfer(owner, address(0), tokenId);

        _afterTokenTransfer(owner, address(0), tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers `tokenId` from `from` to `to`.
     *  As opposed to {transferFrom}, this imposes no restrictions on msg.sender.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `tokenId` token must be owned by `from`.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function _transfer(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 tokenId
    ) internal virtual {
        require(ERC721Upgradeable.ownerOf(tokenId) == from, "ERC721: transfer from incorrect owner");
        require(to != address(0), "ERC721: transfer to the zero address");

        _beforeTokenTransfer(from, to, tokenId);

        // Clear approvals from the previous owner
        _approve(address(0), tokenId);

        _balances[from] -= 1;
        _balances[to] += 1;
        _owners[tokenId] = to;

        emit Transfer(from, to, tokenId);

        _afterTokenTransfer(from, to, tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Approve `to` to operate on `tokenId`
     *
     * Emits a {Approval} event.
     */
    function _approve(address to, uint256 tokenId) internal virtual {
        _tokenApprovals[tokenId] = to;
        emit Approval(ERC721Upgradeable.ownerOf(tokenId), to, tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Approve `operator` to operate on all of `owner` tokens
     *
     * Emits a {ApprovalForAll} event.
     */
    function _setApprovalForAll(
        address owner,
        address operator,
        bool approved
    ) internal virtual {
        require(owner != operator, "ERC721: approve to caller");
        _operatorApprovals[owner][operator] = approved;
        emit ApprovalForAll(owner, operator, approved);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Internal function to invoke {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received} on a target address.
     * The call is not executed if the target address is not a contract.
     *
     * @param from address representing the previous owner of the given token ID
     * @param to target address that will receive the tokens
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be transferred
     * @param _data bytes optional data to send along with the call
     * @return bool whether the call correctly returned the expected magic value
     */
    function _checkOnERC721Received(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 tokenId,
        bytes memory _data
    ) private returns (bool) {
        if (to.isContract()) {
            try IERC721ReceiverUpgradeable(to).onERC721Received(_msgSender(), from, tokenId, _data) returns (bytes4 retval) {
                return retval == IERC721ReceiverUpgradeable.onERC721Received.selector;
            } catch (bytes memory reason) {
                if (reason.length == 0) {
                    revert("ERC721: transfer to non ERC721Receiver implementer");
                } else {
                    assembly {
                        revert(add(32, reason), mload(reason))
                    }
                }
            }
        } else {
            return true;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Hook that is called before any token transfer. This includes minting
     * and burning.
     *
     * Calling conditions:
     *
     * - When `from` and `to` are both non-zero, ``from``'s `tokenId` will be
     * transferred to `to`.
     * - When `from` is zero, `tokenId` will be minted for `to`.
     * - When `to` is zero, ``from``'s `tokenId` will be burned.
     * - `from` and `to` are never both zero.
     *
     * To learn more about hooks, head to xref:ROOT:extending-contracts.adoc#using-hooks[Using Hooks].
     */
    function _beforeTokenTransfer(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 tokenId
    ) internal virtual {}

    /**
     * @dev Hook that is called after any transfer of tokens. This includes
     * minting and burning.
     *
     * Calling conditions:
     *
     * - when `from` and `to` are both non-zero.
     * - `from` and `to` are never both zero.
     *
     * To learn more about hooks, head to xref:ROOT:extending-contracts.adoc#using-hooks[Using Hooks].
     */
    function _afterTokenTransfer(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 tokenId
    ) internal virtual {}

    /**
     * @dev This empty reserved space is put in place to allow future versions to add new
     * variables without shifting down storage in the inheritance chain.
     * See https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/upgradeable#storage_gaps
     */
    uint256[44] private __gap;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (token/ERC721/IERC721.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./IERC165Upgradeable.sol";

/**
 * @dev Required interface of an ERC721 compliant contract.
 */
interface IERC721Upgradeable is IERC165Upgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `tokenId` token is transferred from `from` to `to`.
     */
    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 indexed tokenId);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `owner` enables `approved` to manage the `tokenId` token.
     */
    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed approved, uint256 indexed tokenId);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `owner` enables or disables (`approved`) `operator` to manage all of its assets.
     */
    event ApprovalForAll(address indexed owner, address indexed operator, bool approved);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of tokens in ``owner``'s account.
     */
    function balanceOf(address owner) external view returns (uint256 balance);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the owner of the `tokenId` token.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `tokenId` must exist.
     */
    function ownerOf(uint256 tokenId) external view returns (address owner);

    /**
     * @dev Safely transfers `tokenId` token from `from` to `to`, checking first that contract recipients
     * are aware of the ERC721 protocol to prevent tokens from being forever locked.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `tokenId` token must exist and be owned by `from`.
     * - If the caller is not `from`, it must be have been allowed to move this token by either {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received}, which is called upon a safe transfer.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 tokenId
    ) external;

    /**
     * @dev Transfers `tokenId` token from `from` to `to`.
     *
     * WARNING: Usage of this method is discouraged, use {safeTransferFrom} whenever possible.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `tokenId` token must be owned by `from`.
     * - If the caller is not `from`, it must be approved to move this token by either {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 tokenId
    ) external;

    /**
     * @dev Gives permission to `to` to transfer `tokenId` token to another account.
     * The approval is cleared when the token is transferred.
     *
     * Only a single account can be approved at a time, so approving the zero address clears previous approvals.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The caller must own the token or be an approved operator.
     * - `tokenId` must exist.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     */
    function approve(address to, uint256 tokenId) external;

    /**
     * @dev Returns the account approved for `tokenId` token.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `tokenId` must exist.
     */
    function getApproved(uint256 tokenId) external view returns (address operator);

    /**
     * @dev Approve or remove `operator` as an operator for the caller.
     * Operators can call {transferFrom} or {safeTransferFrom} for any token owned by the caller.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The `operator` cannot be the caller.
     *
     * Emits an {ApprovalForAll} event.
     */
    function setApprovalForAll(address operator, bool _approved) external;

    /**
     * @dev Returns if the `operator` is allowed to manage all of the assets of `owner`.
     *
     * See {setApprovalForAll}
     */
    function isApprovedForAll(address owner, address operator) external view returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Safely transfers `tokenId` token from `from` to `to`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `tokenId` token must exist and be owned by `from`.
     * - If the caller is not `from`, it must be approved to move this token by either {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received}, which is called upon a safe transfer.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 tokenId,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (token/ERC721/IERC721Receiver.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @title ERC721 token receiver interface
 * @dev Interface for any contract that wants to support safeTransfers
 * from ERC721 asset contracts.
 */
interface IERC721ReceiverUpgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Whenever an {IERC721} `tokenId` token is transferred to this contract via {IERC721-safeTransferFrom}
     * by `operator` from `from`, this function is called.
     *
     * It must return its Solidity selector to confirm the token transfer.
     * If any other value is returned or the interface is not implemented by the recipient, the transfer will be reverted.
     *
     * The selector can be obtained in Solidity with `IERC721.onERC721Received.selector`.
     */
    function onERC721Received(
        address operator,
        address from,
        uint256 tokenId,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external returns (bytes4);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (token/ERC721/extensions/IERC721Metadata.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./IERC721Upgradeable.sol";

/**
 * @title ERC-721 Non-Fungible Token Standard, optional metadata extension
 * @dev See https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-721
 */
interface IERC721MetadataUpgradeable is IERC721Upgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the token collection name.
     */
    function name() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the token collection symbol.
     */
    function symbol() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) for `tokenId` token.
     */
    function tokenURI(uint256 tokenId) external view returns (string memory);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/Context.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
import "./Initializable.sol";

/**
 * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
 * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
 * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
 * manner, since when dealing with meta-transactions the account sending and
 * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
 * is concerned).
 *
 * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
 */
abstract contract ContextUpgradeable is Initializable {
    function __Context_init() internal onlyInitializing {
    }

    function __Context_init_unchained() internal onlyInitializing {
    }
    function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address) {
        return msg.sender;
    }

    function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes calldata) {
        return msg.data;
    }

    /**
     * @dev This empty reserved space is put in place to allow future versions to add new
     * variables without shifting down storage in the inheritance chain.
     * See https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/upgradeable#storage_gaps
     */
    uint256[50] private __gap;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/Strings.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev String operations.
 */
library StringsUpgradeable {
    bytes16 private constant _HEX_SYMBOLS = "0123456789abcdef";

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.
     */
    function toString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        // Inspired by OraclizeAPI's implementation - MIT licence
        // https://github.com/oraclize/ethereum-api/blob/b42146b063c7d6ee1358846c198246239e9360e8/oraclizeAPI_0.4.25.sol

        if (value == 0) {
            return "0";
        }
        uint256 temp = value;
        uint256 digits;
        while (temp != 0) {
            digits++;
            temp /= 10;
        }
        bytes memory buffer = new bytes(digits);
        while (value != 0) {
            digits -= 1;
            buffer[digits] = bytes1(uint8(48 + uint256(value % 10)));
            value /= 10;
        }
        return string(buffer);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        if (value == 0) {
            return "0x00";
        }
        uint256 temp = value;
        uint256 length = 0;
        while (temp != 0) {
            length++;
            temp >>= 8;
        }
        return toHexString(value, length);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation with fixed length.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value, uint256 length) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        bytes memory buffer = new bytes(2 * length + 2);
        buffer[0] = "0";
        buffer[1] = "x";
        for (uint256 i = 2 * length + 1; i > 1; --i) {
            buffer[i] = _HEX_SYMBOLS[value & 0xf];
            value >>= 4;
        }
        require(value == 0, "Strings: hex length insufficient");
        return string(buffer);
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/introspection/ERC165.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./IERC165Upgradeable.sol";
import "./Initializable.sol";

/**
 * @dev Implementation of the {IERC165} interface.
 *
 * Contracts that want to implement ERC165 should inherit from this contract and override {supportsInterface} to check
 * for the additional interface id that will be supported. For example:
 *
 * ```solidity
 * function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
 *     return interfaceId == type(MyInterface).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * Alternatively, {ERC165Storage} provides an easier to use but more expensive implementation.
 */
abstract contract ERC165Upgradeable is Initializable, IERC165Upgradeable {
    function __ERC165_init() internal onlyInitializing {
    }

    function __ERC165_init_unchained() internal onlyInitializing {
    }
    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return interfaceId == type(IERC165Upgradeable).interfaceId;
    }

    /**
     * @dev This empty reserved space is put in place to allow future versions to add new
     * variables without shifting down storage in the inheritance chain.
     * See https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/upgradeable#storage_gaps
     */
    uint256[50] private __gap;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.5.0) (proxy/utils/Initializable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./AddressUpgradeable.sol";

/**
 * @dev This is a base contract to aid in writing upgradeable contracts, or any kind of contract that will be deployed
 * behind a proxy. Since proxied contracts do not make use of a constructor, it's common to move constructor logic to an
 * external initializer function, usually called `initialize`. It then becomes necessary to protect this initializer
 * function so it can only be called once. The {initializer} modifier provided by this contract will have this effect.
 *
 * TIP: To avoid leaving the proxy in an uninitialized state, the initializer function should be called as early as
 * possible by providing the encoded function call as the `_data` argument to {ERC1967Proxy-constructor}.
 *
 * CAUTION: When used with inheritance, manual care must be taken to not invoke a parent initializer twice, or to ensure
 * that all initializers are idempotent. This is not verified automatically as constructors are by Solidity.
 *
 * [CAUTION]
 * ====
 * Avoid leaving a contract uninitialized.
 *
 * An uninitialized contract can be taken over by an attacker. This applies to both a proxy and its implementation
 * contract, which may impact the proxy. To initialize the implementation contract, you can either invoke the
 * initializer manually, or you can include a constructor to automatically mark it as initialized when it is deployed:
 *
 * [.hljs-theme-light.nopadding]
 * ```
 * /// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow constructor
 * constructor() initializer {}
 * ```
 * ====
 */
abstract contract Initializable {
    /**
     * @dev Indicates that the contract has been initialized.
     */
    bool private _initialized;

    /**
     * @dev Indicates that the contract is in the process of being initialized.
     */
    bool private _initializing;

    /**
     * @dev Modifier to protect an initializer function from being invoked twice.
     */
    modifier initializer() {
        // If the contract is initializing we ignore whether _initialized is set in order to support multiple
        // inheritance patterns, but we only do this in the context of a constructor, because in other contexts the
        // contract may have been reentered.
        require(_initializing ? _isConstructor() : !_initialized, "Initializable: contract is already initialized");

        bool isTopLevelCall = !_initializing;
        if (isTopLevelCall) {
            _initializing = true;
            _initialized = true;
        }

        _;

        if (isTopLevelCall) {
            _initializing = false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Modifier to protect an initialization function so that it can only be invoked by functions with the
     * {initializer} modifier, directly or indirectly.
     */
    modifier onlyInitializing() {
        require(_initializing, "Initializable: contract is not initializing");
        _;
    }

    function _isConstructor() private view returns (bool) {
        return !AddressUpgradeable.isContract(address(this));
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/introspection/IERC165.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC165 standard, as defined in the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165[EIP].
 *
 * Implementers can declare support of contract interfaces, which can then be
 * queried by others ({ERC165Checker}).
 *
 * For an implementation, see {ERC165}.
 */
interface IERC165Upgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if this contract implements the interface defined by
     * `interfaceId`. See the corresponding
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165#how-interfaces-are-identified[EIP section]
     * to learn more about how these ids are created.
     *
     * This function call must use less than 30 000 gas.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) external view returns (bool);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import { ERC721Upgradeable } from "../../deps//ERC721Upgradeable.sol";
import { IERC165Upgradeable } from "../../deps/IERC165Upgradeable.sol";
import { IERC2981Upgradeable } from "../../deps/IERC2981Upgradeable.sol";
import { PausableUpgradeable } from "../../deps/PausableUpgradeable.sol";

import { IIkaniV2Staking } from "../../staking/v2/interfaces/IIkaniV2Staking.sol";
import { IIkaniV1MetadataController } from "../v1/interfaces/IIkaniV1MetadataController.sol";
import { ContractUriUpgradeable } from "../v1/lib/ContractUriUpgradeable.sol";
import { ERC721SequentialUpgradeable } from "../v1/lib/ERC721SequentialUpgradeable.sol";
import { PersonalSign } from "../v1/lib/PersonalSign.sol";
import { WithdrawableUpgradeable } from "../v1/lib/WithdrawableUpgradeable.sol";
import { IkaniV2SeriesLib } from "./lib/IkaniV2SeriesLib.sol";
import { IIkaniV2 } from "./interfaces/IIkaniV2.sol";

/**
 * @title IkaniV2
 * @author Cyborg Labs, LLC
 *
 * @notice The IKANI.AI ERC-721 NFT.
 */
contract IkaniV2 is
    ERC721SequentialUpgradeable,
    ContractUriUpgradeable,
    WithdrawableUpgradeable,
    PausableUpgradeable,
    IERC2981Upgradeable,
    IIkaniV2
{
    //---------------- Constants ----------------//

    uint256 internal constant BIPS_DENOMINATOR = 10000;

    /// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow state-variable-immutable
    uint256 public immutable MAX_SUPPLY; // e.g. 8888

    /// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow state-variable-immutable
    IIkaniV2Staking public immutable STAKING_CONTRACT;

    //---------------- Storage V1 ----------------//

    IIkaniV1MetadataController internal _METADATA_CONTROLLER_;

    address internal _MINT_SIGNER_;

    /// @dev The set of message digests signed and consumed for minting.
    mapping(bytes32 => bool) internal _USED_MINT_DIGESTS_;

    /// @dev DEPRECATED: Poem text and metadata by token ID.
    mapping(uint256 => bytes) internal __DEPRECATED_POEM_INFO_;

    /// @dev Series information by index.
    mapping(uint256 => IIkaniV2.Series) internal _SERIES_INFO_;

    /// @dev Index of the current series available for minting.
    uint256 internal _CURRENT_SERIES_INDEX_;

    //---------------- Storage V1_1 ----------------//

    /// @dev Poem text by token ID.
    mapping(uint256 => string) internal _POEM_TEXT_;

    /// @dev Metadata traits by token ID.
    mapping(uint256 => IIkaniV2.PoemTraits) internal _POEM_TRAITS_;

    //---------------- Storage V2 ----------------//

    address internal _ROYALTY_RECEIVER_;

    uint96 internal _ROYALTY_BIPS_;

    //---------------- Constructor & Initializer ----------------//

    /// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow constructor
    constructor(
        uint256 maxSupply,
        IIkaniV2Staking stakingContract
    )
        initializer
    {
        MAX_SUPPLY = maxSupply;
        STAKING_CONTRACT = stakingContract;
    }

    //---------------- Owner-Only External Functions ----------------//

    function pause()
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        _pause();
    }

    function unpause()
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        _unpause();
    }

    function setContractUri(
        string memory contractUri
    )
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        _setContractUri(contractUri);
    }

    function setMetadataController(
        IIkaniV1MetadataController metadataController
    )
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        _METADATA_CONTROLLER_ = metadataController;
    }

    function setMintSigner(
        address mintSigner
    )
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        _MINT_SIGNER_ = mintSigner;
    }

    function setRoyaltyReceiver(
        address royaltyReceiver
    )
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        _ROYALTY_RECEIVER_ = royaltyReceiver;
        emit SetRoyaltyReceiver(royaltyReceiver);
    }

    function setRoyaltyBips(
        uint96 royaltyBips
    )
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        _ROYALTY_BIPS_ = royaltyBips;
        emit SetRoyaltyBips(uint256(royaltyBips));
    }

    function setPoemText(
        uint256[] calldata tokenIds,
        string[] calldata poemText
    )
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        // Note: To save gas, we don't check that the token was minted; however,
        //       the owner should only call this function with minted token IDs.

        uint256 n = tokenIds.length;

        require(
            poemText.length == n,
            "Params length mismatch"
        );

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < n;) {
            _POEM_TEXT_[tokenIds[i]] = poemText[i];

            unchecked { ++i; }
        }
    }

    function setPoemTraits(
        uint256[] calldata tokenIds,
        IIkaniV2.PoemTraits[] calldata poemTraits
    )
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        // Note: To save gas, we don't check that the token was minted; however,
        //       the owner should only call this function with minted token IDs.

        uint256 n = tokenIds.length;

        require(
            poemTraits.length == n,
            "Params length mismatch"
        );

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < n;) {
            uint256 tokenId = tokenIds[i];
            IIkaniV2.PoemTraits memory traits = poemTraits[i];

            require(
                traits.theme != IIkaniV2.Theme.NULL,
                "Theme cannot be null"
            );
            require(
                traits.fabric != IIkaniV2.Fabric.NULL,
                "Fabric cannot be null"
            );

            _POEM_TRAITS_[tokenId] = traits;

            emit FinishedPoem(tokenId);

            unchecked { ++i; }
        }
    }

    function setSeriesInfo(
        uint256 seriesIndex,
        string calldata name,
        bytes32 provenanceHash
    )
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        IIkaniV2.Series storage _series_ = _SERIES_INFO_[seriesIndex];

        _series_.name = name;
        _series_.provenanceHash = provenanceHash;

        emit SetSeriesInfo(
            seriesIndex,
            name,
            provenanceHash
        );
    }

    function endCurrentSeries(
        uint256 poemCreationDeadline
    )
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        uint256 seriesIndex = _CURRENT_SERIES_INDEX_++;

        IkaniV2SeriesLib.endCurrentSeries(
            _SERIES_INFO_[seriesIndex],
            seriesIndex,
            poemCreationDeadline,
            getNextTokenId()
        );
    }

    function advancePoemCreationDeadline(
        uint256 seriesIndex,
        uint256 poemCreationDeadline
    )
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        IIkaniV2.Series storage _series_ = _SERIES_INFO_[seriesIndex];

        require(
            poemCreationDeadline > _series_.poemCreationDeadline,
            "Deadline can only move forward"
        );

        _series_.poemCreationDeadline = poemCreationDeadline;

        emit AdvancedPoemCreationDeadline(
            seriesIndex,
            poemCreationDeadline
        );
    }

    function mintByOwner(
        address[] calldata recipients
    )
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        uint256 n = recipients.length;

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < n;) {
            // Note: Intentionally not using _safeMint().
            _mint(recipients[i]);

            unchecked { ++i; }
        }

        require(
            getNextTokenId() <= MAX_SUPPLY,
            "Global max supply exceeded"
        );
    }

    function expire(
        uint256 tokenId
    )
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        require(
            !isPoemFinished(tokenId),
            "Cannot expire a finished poem"
        );

        uint256 seriesIndex = getPoemSeriesIndex(tokenId);

        IIkaniV2.Series storage _series_ = _SERIES_INFO_[seriesIndex];

        require(
            _series_.startingIndexBlockNumber != 0,
            "Series not ended"
        );
        require(
            block.timestamp > _series_.poemCreationDeadline,
            "Token has not expired"
        );

        _burn(tokenId);
    }

    function expireBatch(
        uint256[] calldata tokenIds,
        uint256 seriesIndex
    )
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        require(
            seriesIndex <= _CURRENT_SERIES_INDEX_,
            "Invalid series index"
        );

        IkaniV2SeriesLib.validateExpireBatch(
            _SERIES_INFO_,
            tokenIds,
            seriesIndex
        );

        uint256 n = tokenIds.length;

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < n;) {
            require(
                !isPoemFinished(tokenIds[i]),
                "Cannot expire a finished poem"
            );
            _burn(tokenIds[i]);

            unchecked { ++i; }
        }
    }

    //---------------- Other State-Changing External Functions ----------------//

    function mint(
        IIkaniV2.MintArgs calldata mintArgs,
        bytes calldata signature
    )
        external
        payable
        whenNotPaused
    {
        require(
            mintArgs.seriesIndex == _CURRENT_SERIES_INDEX_,
            "Not the current series"
        );

        require(
            msg.value == mintArgs.mintPrice,
            "Wrong msg.value"
        );

        address sender = msg.sender;
        bytes memory message = abi.encode(
            sender,
            mintArgs
        );
        bytes32 messageDigest = keccak256(message);

        // Only allow one mint per message/digest/signature.
        require(
            !_USED_MINT_DIGESTS_[messageDigest],
            "Mint digest already used"
        );
        _USED_MINT_DIGESTS_[messageDigest] = true;

        // Note: Since the only signer is our admin, we don't need EIP-712.
        require(
            PersonalSign.isValidSignature(messageDigest, signature, _MINT_SIGNER_),
            "Invalid signature"
        );

        // Note: Intentionally not using _safeMint().
        uint256 tokenId = _mint(sender);

        require(
            tokenId < mintArgs.maxTokenIdExclusive,
            "Series max supply exceeded"
        );
        require(
            tokenId < MAX_SUPPLY,
            "Global max supply exceeded"
        );
    }

    function trySetSeriesStartingIndex(
        uint256 seriesIndex
    )
        external
        whenNotPaused
    {
        IkaniV2SeriesLib.trySetSeriesStartingIndex(
            _SERIES_INFO_,
            seriesIndex
        );
    }

    //---------------- View-Only External Functions ----------------//

    function getMetadataController()
        external
        view
        returns (IIkaniV1MetadataController)
    {
        return _METADATA_CONTROLLER_;
    }

    function getMintSigner()
        external
        view
        returns (address)
    {
        return _MINT_SIGNER_;
    }

    function getSeriesSupply(
        uint256 seriesIndex
    )
        external
        view
        returns (uint256)
    {
        return IkaniV2SeriesLib.getSeriesSupply(_SERIES_INFO_, seriesIndex);
    }

    function royaltyInfo(
        uint256 /* tokenId */,
        uint256 salePrice
    )
        external
        view
        override
        returns (address, uint256)
    {
        uint256 royaltyAmount = (salePrice * uint256(_ROYALTY_BIPS_)) / BIPS_DENOMINATOR;
        return (_ROYALTY_RECEIVER_, royaltyAmount);
    }

    function isUsedMintDigest(
        bytes32 digest
    )
        external
        view
        returns (bool)
    {
        return _USED_MINT_DIGESTS_[digest];
    }

    function getSeriesInfo(
        uint256 seriesIndex
    )
        external
        view
        returns (IIkaniV2.Series memory)
    {
        return _SERIES_INFO_[seriesIndex];
    }

    function getCurrentSeriesIndex()
        external
        view
        returns (uint256)
    {
        return _CURRENT_SERIES_INDEX_;
    }

    function exists(
        uint256 tokenId
    )
        external
        view
        returns (bool)
    {
        return _exists(tokenId);
    }

    //---------------- Public Functions ----------------//

    function getPoemSeriesIndex(
        uint256 tokenId
    )
        public
        view
        returns (uint256)
    {
        uint256 currentSeriesIndex = _CURRENT_SERIES_INDEX_;
        uint256 seriesIndex;
        for (seriesIndex = 0; seriesIndex < currentSeriesIndex;) {
            IIkaniV2.Series storage _series_ = _SERIES_INFO_[seriesIndex];

            if (tokenId < _series_.maxTokenIdExclusive) {
                break;
            }

            unchecked { ++seriesIndex; }
        }
        return seriesIndex;
    }

    function getPoemText(
        uint256 tokenId
    )
        public
        view
        returns (string memory)
    {
        return _POEM_TEXT_[tokenId];
    }

    function getPoemTraits(
        uint256 tokenId
    )
        public
        view
        returns (IIkaniV2.PoemTraits memory)
    {
        return _POEM_TRAITS_[tokenId];
    }

    function isPoemFinished(
        uint256 tokenId
    )
        public
        view
        returns (bool)
    {
        return _POEM_TRAITS_[tokenId].theme != IIkaniV2.Theme.NULL;
    }

    function tokenURI(
        uint256 tokenId
    )
        public
        view
        override
        returns (string memory)
    {
        return _METADATA_CONTROLLER_.tokenURI(tokenId);
    }

    function supportsInterface(
        bytes4 interfaceId
    )
        public
        view
        override(ERC721Upgradeable, IERC165Upgradeable)
        returns (bool)
    {
        return (
            interfaceId == type(IERC2981Upgradeable).interfaceId ||
            super.supportsInterface(interfaceId)
        );
    }

    //---------------- Internal Functions ----------------//

    function _beforeTokenTransfer(
        address /* from */,
        address /* to */,
        uint256 tokenId
    )
        internal
        view
        override
    {
        // Ensure that staked tokens can only be transfered via the staking contract.
        if (msg.sender != address(STAKING_CONTRACT)) {
            require(
                !STAKING_CONTRACT.isStaked(tokenId),
                "Cannot transfer staked token"
            );
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.6.0) (interfaces/IERC2981.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./IERC165Upgradeable.sol";

/**
 * @dev Interface for the NFT Royalty Standard.
 *
 * A standardized way to retrieve royalty payment information for non-fungible tokens (NFTs) to enable universal
 * support for royalty payments across all NFT marketplaces and ecosystem participants.
 *
 * _Available since v4.5._
 */
interface IERC2981Upgradeable is IERC165Upgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Returns how much royalty is owed and to whom, based on a sale price that may be denominated in any unit of
     * exchange. The royalty amount is denominated and should be paid in that same unit of exchange.
     */
    function royaltyInfo(uint256 tokenId, uint256 salePrice)
        external
        view
        returns (address receiver, uint256 royaltyAmount);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (security/Pausable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./ContextUpgradeable.sol";
import "./Initializable.sol";

/**
 * @dev Contract module which allows children to implement an emergency stop
 * mechanism that can be triggered by an authorized account.
 *
 * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the
 * modifiers `whenNotPaused` and `whenPaused`, which can be applied to
 * the functions of your contract. Note that they will not be pausable by
 * simply including this module, only once the modifiers are put in place.
 */
abstract contract PausableUpgradeable is Initializable, ContextUpgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the pause is triggered by `account`.
     */
    event Paused(address account);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the pause is lifted by `account`.
     */
    event Unpaused(address account);

    bool private _paused;

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract in unpaused state.
     */
    function __Pausable_init() internal onlyInitializing {
        __Pausable_init_unchained();
    }

    function __Pausable_init_unchained() internal onlyInitializing {
        _paused = false;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the contract is paused, and false otherwise.
     */
    function paused() public view virtual returns (bool) {
        return _paused;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Modifier to make a function callable only when the contract is not paused.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The contract must not be paused.
     */
    modifier whenNotPaused() {
        require(!paused(), "Pausable: paused");
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Modifier to make a function callable only when the contract is paused.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The contract must be paused.
     */
    modifier whenPaused() {
        require(paused(), "Pausable: not paused");
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Triggers stopped state.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The contract must not be paused.
     */
    function _pause() internal virtual whenNotPaused {
        _paused = true;
        emit Paused(_msgSender());
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns to normal state.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The contract must be paused.
     */
    function _unpause() internal virtual whenPaused {
        _paused = false;
        emit Unpaused(_msgSender());
    }

    /**
     * @dev This empty reserved space is put in place to allow future versions to add new
     * variables without shifting down storage in the inheritance chain.
     * See https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/upgradeable#storage_gaps
     */
    uint256[49] private __gap;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @title IIkaniV2Staking
 * @author Cyborg Labs, LLC
 *
 * @notice Interface for the IIkaniV2Staking features of the IkaniV1 ERC-721 NFT contract.
 */
interface IIkaniV2Staking {

    //---------------- Structs ----------------//

    struct RateChange {
        uint32 baseRate;
        uint32 timestamp;
    }

    struct SettlementContext {
        // The timestamp of the last settlement of this account.
        uint32 timestamp;
        // The number of global rate changes taken into account as of the last settlement
        // of this account.
        uint32 numRateChanges;
        // The global base earning rate.
        uint32 baseRate;
        // The current number of points for the account's staked tokens.
        uint32 points;
        // Current multiplier derived from the account's staked traits.
        uint32 multiplier;
        // The trait counts for the account's staked tokens.
        uint8 fabricKoyamaki;
        uint8 fabricSeigaiha;
        uint8 fabricNami;
        uint8 fabricKumo;
        uint8 fabricTba5;
        uint8 fabricTba6;
        uint8 fabricTba7;
        uint8 fabricTba8;
        uint8 seasonSpring;
        uint8 seasonSummer;
        uint8 seasonAutumn;
        uint8 seasonWinter;
    }

    struct Checkpoint {
        uint128 tokenId;
        uint32 stakedNonce;
        uint32 basePoints;
        uint32 level;
        uint32 timestamp;
    }

    struct TokenStakingState {
        uint32 timestamp;
        uint32 nonce;
    }

    //---------------- Events ----------------//

    event SetBaseRate(
        uint256 baseRate
    );

    event AdminUnstaked(
        address indexed owner,
        uint256[] indexed tokenIds,
        bytes32 indexed receipt,
        bytes receiptData
    );

    event Staked(
        address indexed owner,
        uint256 indexed tokenId,
        uint256 stakingStartTimestamp
    );

    event Unstaked(
        address indexed owner,
        uint256 indexed tokenId
    );

    event ClaimedRewards(
        address indexed owner,
        uint256 amount
    );

    //---------------- Functions ----------------//

    function isStaked(
        uint256 tokenId
    )
        external
        view
        returns (bool);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @title IIkaniV1MetadataController
 * @author Cyborg Labs, LLC
 *
 * @notice Interface for a contract that provides token metadata via tokenURI().
 */
interface IIkaniV1MetadataController {

    function tokenURI(
        uint256 tokenId
    )
        external
        view
        returns (string memory);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import { Initializable } from "../../../deps/Initializable.sol";

/**
 * @title ContractUriUpgradeable
 * @author Cyborg Labs, LLC
 *
 * @dev Simple base contract supporting the contractURI() function used by OpenSea.
 */
abstract contract ContractUriUpgradeable is
    Initializable
{
    string private _CONTRACT_URI_;

    uint256[49] private __gap;

    event SetContractUri(
        string contractUri
    );

    function __ContractUri_init()
        internal
        onlyInitializing
    {}

    function __ContractUri_init_unchained()
        internal
        onlyInitializing
    {}

    function contractURI()
        external
        view
        returns (string memory)
    {
        return _CONTRACT_URI_;
    }

    function _setContractUri(
        string memory contractUri
    )
        internal
    {
        _CONTRACT_URI_ = contractUri;
        emit SetContractUri(contractUri);
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import { ERC721Upgradeable } from "../../../deps/ERC721Upgradeable.sol";

/**
 * @title ERC721SequentialUpgradeable
 * @author Cyborg Labs, LLC
 *
 * @dev Base contract for an ERC-721 that is minted sequentially. Supports totalSupply().
 */
abstract contract ERC721SequentialUpgradeable is
    ERC721Upgradeable
{
    //---------------- Storage ----------------//

    uint256 internal _NEXT_TOKEN_ID_;

    uint256 internal _BURNED_COUNT_;

    uint256[48] private __gap;

    //---------------- Initializers ----------------//

    function __ERC721Sequential_init(
        string memory name,
        string memory symbol
    )
        internal
        onlyInitializing
    {
        __ERC721_init(name, symbol);
    }

    function __ERC721Sequential_init_unchained()
        internal
        onlyInitializing
    {}

    //---------------- Public Functions ----------------//

    function getNextTokenId()
        public
        view
        returns (uint256)
    {
        return _NEXT_TOKEN_ID_;
    }

    function getBurnedCount()
        public
        view
        returns (uint256)
    {
        return _BURNED_COUNT_;
    }

    function totalSupply()
        public
        view
        returns (uint256)
    {
        return _NEXT_TOKEN_ID_ - _BURNED_COUNT_;
    }

    //---------------- Internal Functions ----------------//

    function _mint(
        address recipient
    )
        internal
        returns (uint256)
    {
        uint256 tokenId = _NEXT_TOKEN_ID_++;
        ERC721Upgradeable._mint(recipient, tokenId);
        return tokenId;
    }

    function _burn(
        uint256 tokenId
    )
        internal
        override
    {
        _BURNED_COUNT_++;
        ERC721Upgradeable._burn(tokenId);
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @title PersonalSign
 * @author Cyborg Labs, LLC
 *
 * @dev Helper function to verify messages signed with personal_sign.
 *
 *  IMPORTANT: Use cases which require users to sign some data (i.e. most signing use cases)
 *  should NOT use this. They should instead follow EIP-712, for security reasons.
 *
 *  NOTE: For our puroses, we assume that the message is hashed before being signed.
 *  The message length is therefore fixed at 32 bytes.
 *
 *  Signing example using ethers.js:
 *
 *  ```
 *    const encodedDataString = ethers.utils.defaultAbiCoder.encode(
 *      [
 *        // types
 *      ],
 *      [
 *        // values
 *      ],
 *    );
 *    const encodedData = Buffer.from(encodedDataString.slice(2), "hex");
 *    const innerDigestString = ethers.utils.keccak256(encodedData);
 *    const innerDigest = Buffer.from(innerDigestString.slice(2), "hex");
 *    const signature = await signer.signMessage(innerDigest);
 *  ```
 */
library PersonalSign {

  bytes constant private PERSONAL_SIGN_HEADER = "\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\n32";

  function isValidSignature(
    bytes32 messageDigest,
    bytes memory signature,
    address expectedSigner
  )
    internal
    pure
    returns (bool)
  {
    // Parse the signature into (v, r, s) components.
    require(
      signature.length == 65,
      "Bad signature length"
    );
    uint8 v;
    bytes32 r;
    bytes32 s;
    assembly {
      r := mload(add(signature, 0x20))
      s := mload(add(signature, 0x40))
      v := byte(0, mload(add(signature, 0x60)))
    }

    // Construct the digest hash which is signed within the `personal_sign` operation.
    bytes32 digest = keccak256(
      abi.encodePacked(
        PERSONAL_SIGN_HEADER,
        messageDigest
      )
    );

    // Check whether the recovered address is the required address.
    address recovered = ecrecover(digest, v, r, s);
    return recovered == expectedSigner;
  }

  function isValidSignature(
    bytes memory message,
    bytes memory signature,
    address expectedSigner
  )
    internal
    pure
    returns (bool)
  {
    return isValidSignature(
      keccak256(message),
      signature,
      expectedSigner
    );
  }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import { OwnableUpgradeable } from "../../../deps/OwnableUpgradeable.sol";

/**
 * @title WithdrawableUpgradeable
 * @author Cyborg Labs, LLC
 *
 * @dev Supports ETH withdrawals by the owner.
 */
abstract contract WithdrawableUpgradeable is
    OwnableUpgradeable
{
    event Withdrawal(
        address recipient,
        uint256 balance
    );

    function __Withdrawable_init()
        internal
        onlyInitializing
    {
        __Ownable_init();
    }

    function __Withdrawable_init_unchained()
        internal
        onlyInitializing
    {}

    function withdrawTo(
        address recipient
    )
        external
        onlyOwner
        returns (uint256)
    {
        uint256 balance = address(this).balance;
        payable(recipient).transfer(balance);
        emit Withdrawal(recipient, balance);
        return balance;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import { IIkaniV2 } from "../interfaces/IIkaniV2.sol";

library IkaniV2SeriesLib {

    // TODO: De-dup event definitions.

    event ResetSeriesStartingIndexBlockNumber(
        uint256 indexed seriesIndex,
        uint256 startingIndexBlockNumber
    );

    event SetSeriesStartingIndex(
        uint256 indexed seriesIndex,
        uint256 startingIndex
    );

    event EndedSeries(
        uint256 indexed seriesIndex,
        uint256 poemCreationDeadline,
        uint256 maxTokenIdExclusive,
        uint256 startingIndexBlockNumber
    );

    uint256 internal constant STARTING_INDEX_ADD_BLOCKS = 10;

    function trySetSeriesStartingIndex(
        mapping(uint256 => IIkaniV2.Series) storage _series_info_,
        uint256 seriesIndex
    )
        external
    {
        IIkaniV2.Series storage _series_ = _series_info_[seriesIndex];

        require(
            !_series_.startingIndexWasSet,
            "Starting index already set"
        );

        uint256 targetBlockNumber = _series_.startingIndexBlockNumber;
        require(
            targetBlockNumber != 0,
            "Series not ended"
        );

        require(
            block.number >= targetBlockNumber,
            "Starting index block not reached"
        );

        // If the hash for the target block is not available, set a new block number and exit.
        if (block.number - targetBlockNumber > 256) {
            uint256 newStartingIndexBlockNumber = block.number + STARTING_INDEX_ADD_BLOCKS;
            _series_.startingIndexBlockNumber = newStartingIndexBlockNumber;
            emit ResetSeriesStartingIndexBlockNumber(
                seriesIndex,
                newStartingIndexBlockNumber
            );
            return;
        }

        uint256 seriesSupply = getSeriesSupply(_series_info_, seriesIndex);
        uint256 startingIndex = uint256(blockhash(targetBlockNumber)) % seriesSupply;

        // Update storage.
        _series_.startingIndex = startingIndex;
        _series_.startingIndexWasSet = true;

        emit SetSeriesStartingIndex(
            seriesIndex,
            startingIndex
        );
    }

    function endCurrentSeries(
        IIkaniV2.Series storage _series_,
        uint256 seriesIndex,
        uint256 poemCreationDeadline,
        uint256 maxTokenIdExclusive
    )
        external
    {
        uint256 startingIndexBlockNumber = block.number + STARTING_INDEX_ADD_BLOCKS;

        _series_.poemCreationDeadline = poemCreationDeadline;
        _series_.maxTokenIdExclusive = maxTokenIdExclusive;
        _series_.startingIndexBlockNumber = startingIndexBlockNumber;

        emit EndedSeries(
            seriesIndex,
            poemCreationDeadline,
            maxTokenIdExclusive,
            startingIndexBlockNumber
        );
    }

    function validateExpireBatch(
        mapping(uint256 => IIkaniV2.Series) storage _series_info_,
        uint256[] calldata tokenIds,
        uint256 seriesIndex
    )
        external
        view
    {
        IIkaniV2.Series storage _series_ = _series_info_[seriesIndex];

        require(
            _series_.startingIndexBlockNumber != 0,
            "Series not ended"
        );
        require(
            block.timestamp > _series_.poemCreationDeadline,
            "Series has not expired"
        );

        uint256 n = tokenIds.length;

        uint256 maxTokenIdExclusive = _series_.maxTokenIdExclusive;
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < n;) {
            require(
                tokenIds[i] < maxTokenIdExclusive,
                "Token ID not part of the series"
            );
            unchecked { ++i; }
        }

        if (seriesIndex > 0) {
            uint256 startTokenId = _series_info_[seriesIndex - 1].maxTokenIdExclusive;
            for (uint256 i = 0; i < n;) {
                require(
                    tokenIds[i] >= startTokenId,
                    "Token ID not part of the series"
                );
                unchecked { ++i; }
            }
        }
    }

    function getSeriesSupply(
        mapping(uint256 => IIkaniV2.Series) storage _series_info_,
        uint256 seriesIndex
    )
        public
        view
        returns (uint256)
    {
        IIkaniV2.Series storage _series_ = _series_info_[seriesIndex];

        require(
            _series_.startingIndexBlockNumber != 0,
            "Series not ended"
        );

        uint256 maxTokenIdExclusive = _series_.maxTokenIdExclusive;

        if (seriesIndex == 0) {
            return maxTokenIdExclusive;
        }

        IIkaniV2.Series storage _previous_series_ = _series_info_[seriesIndex - 1];

        return maxTokenIdExclusive - _previous_series_.maxTokenIdExclusive;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @title IIkaniV2
 * @author Cyborg Labs, LLC
 *
 * @notice Interface for the IkaniV1 ERC-721 NFT contract.
 */
interface IIkaniV2 {

    //---------------- Enums ----------------//

    enum Theme {
        NULL,
        SKY,
        OCEAN,
        MOUNTAIN,
        FLOWERS,
        TBA_THEME_5,
        TBA_THEME_6,
        TBA_THEME_7,
        TBA_THEME_8
    }

    enum Season {
        NONE,
        SPRING,
        SUMMER,
        AUTUMN,
        WINTER
    }

    enum Fabric {
        NULL,
        KOYAMAKI,
        SEIGAIHA,
        NAMI,
        KUMO,
        TBA_FABRIC_5,
        TBA_FABRIC_6,
        TBA_FABRIC_7,
        TBA_FABRIC_8
    }

    enum Foil {
        NONE,
        GOLD,
        PLATINUM,
        SUI_GENERIS
    }

    //---------------- Structs ----------------//

    /**
     * @notice The poem metadata traits.
     */
    struct PoemTraits {
        Theme theme;
        Season season;
        Fabric fabric;
        Foil foil;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Information about a series within the collection.
     */
    struct Series {
        string name;
        bytes32 provenanceHash;
        uint256 poemCreationDeadline;
        uint256 maxTokenIdExclusive;
        uint256 startingIndexBlockNumber;
        uint256 startingIndex;
        bool startingIndexWasSet;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Arguments to be signed by the mint authority to authorize a mint.
     */
    struct MintArgs {
        uint256 seriesIndex;
        uint256 mintPrice;
        uint256 maxTokenIdExclusive;
        uint256 nonce;
    }

    //---------------- Events ----------------//

    event SetRoyaltyReceiver(
        address royaltyReceiver
    );

    event SetRoyaltyBips(
        uint256 royaltyBips
    );

    event SetSeriesInfo(
        uint256 indexed seriesIndex,
        string name,
        bytes32 provenanceHash
    );

    event AdvancedPoemCreationDeadline(
        uint256 indexed seriesIndex,
        uint256 poemCreationDeadline
    );

    event ResetSeriesStartingIndexBlockNumber(
        uint256 indexed seriesIndex,
        uint256 startingIndexBlockNumber
    );

    event SetSeriesStartingIndex(
        uint256 indexed seriesIndex,
        uint256 startingIndex
    );

    event EndedSeries(
        uint256 indexed seriesIndex,
        uint256 poemCreationDeadline,
        uint256 maxTokenIdExclusive,
        uint256 startingIndexBlockNumber
    );

    event FinishedPoem(
        uint256 indexed tokenId
    );

    //---------------- Functions ----------------//

    function getPoemTraits(
        uint256 tokenId
    )
        external
        view
        returns (IIkaniV2.PoemTraits memory);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (access/Ownable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./ContextUpgradeable.sol";
import "./Initializable.sol";

/**
 * @dev Contract module which provides a basic access control mechanism, where
 * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
 * specific functions.
 *
 * By default, the owner account will be the one that deploys the contract. This
 * can later be changed with {transferOwnership}.
 *
 * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the modifier
 * `onlyOwner`, which can be applied to your functions to restrict their use to
 * the owner.
 */
abstract contract OwnableUpgradeable is Initializable, ContextUpgradeable {
    address private _owner;

    event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract setting the deployer as the initial owner.
     */
    function __Ownable_init() internal onlyInitializing {
        __Ownable_init_unchained();
    }

    function __Ownable_init_unchained() internal onlyInitializing {
        _transferOwnership(_msgSender());
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address of the current owner.
     */
    function owner() public view virtual returns (address) {
        return _owner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
     */
    modifier onlyOwner() {
        require(owner() == _msgSender(), "Ownable: caller is not the owner");
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Leaves the contract without owner. It will not be possible to call
     * `onlyOwner` functions anymore. Can only be called by the current owner.
     *
     * NOTE: Renouncing ownership will leave the contract without an owner,
     * thereby removing any functionality that is only available to the owner.
     */
    function renounceOwnership() public virtual onlyOwner {
        _transferOwnership(address(0));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Can only be called by the current owner.
     */
    function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual onlyOwner {
        require(newOwner != address(0), "Ownable: new owner is the zero address");
        _transferOwnership(newOwner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     */
    function _transferOwnership(address newOwner) internal virtual {
        address oldOwner = _owner;
        _owner = newOwner;
        emit OwnershipTransferred(oldOwner, newOwner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev This empty reserved space is put in place to allow future versions to add new
     * variables without shifting down storage in the inheritance chain.
     * See https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/upgradeable#storage_gaps
     */
    uint256[49] private __gap;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import { IIkaniV2 } from "../../../nft/v2/interfaces/IIkaniV2.sol";
import { IS2Lib } from "../lib/IS2Lib.sol";
import { IS2Storage } from "./IS2Storage.sol";

/**
 * @title IS2Getters
 * @author Cyborg Labs, LLC
 *
 * @dev Simple getter functions that are only needed externally.
 */
abstract contract IS2Getters is
    IS2Storage
{
    //---------------- Constants ----------------//

    /// @dev Must match the value in IS2Lib.sol.
    uint256 public constant MULTIPLIER_BASE = 1e6;

    //---------------- External Functions ----------------//

    function isStaked(
        uint256 tokenId
    )
        external
        view
        override
        returns (bool)
    {
        return _TOKEN_STAKING_STATE_[tokenId].timestamp != 0;
    }

    function getStakedTimestamp(
        uint256 tokenId
    )
        external
        view
        returns (uint256)
    {
        return _TOKEN_STAKING_STATE_[tokenId].timestamp;
    }

    function getHistoricalBaseRate(
        uint256 i
    )
        external
        view
        returns (RateChange memory)
    {
        require(
            i <= _NUM_RATE_CHANGES_,
            "Invalid base rate index"
        );
        return _RATE_CHANGES_[i];
    }

    function getNumBaseRateChanges()
        external
        view
        returns (uint256)
    {
        return _NUM_RATE_CHANGES_;
    }

    function getAccountRewardsMultiplier(
        address account
    )
        external
        view
        returns (uint256)
    {
        return IS2Lib.getAccountRewardsMultiplier(_SETTLEMENT_CONTEXT_[account]);
    }

    function getFabricsRewardsMultiplier(
        address account
    )
        external
        view
        returns (uint256)
    {
        return IS2Lib.getFabricsRewardsMultiplier(_SETTLEMENT_CONTEXT_[account]);
    }

    function getSeasonsRewardsMultiplier(
        address account
    )
        external
        view
        returns (uint256)
    {
        return IS2Lib.getSeasonsRewardsMultiplier(_SETTLEMENT_CONTEXT_[account]);
    }

    function getNumFabricsStaked(
        address account
    )
        external
        view
        returns (uint256)
    {
        return IS2Lib.getNumFabricsStaked(_SETTLEMENT_CONTEXT_[account]);
    }

    function getNumSeasonsStaked(
        address account
    )
        external
        view
        returns (uint256)
    {
        return IS2Lib.getNumSeasonsStaked(_SETTLEMENT_CONTEXT_[account]);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Get the token rewards rate for a token.
     */
    function getTokenRewardsRate(
        uint256 tokenId
    )
        external
        view
        returns (uint256)
    {
        return (
            getBaseRate() *
            getDurationRewardsMultiplier(tokenId) *
            getFoilRewardsMultiplier(tokenId) /
            (MULTIPLIER_BASE * MULTIPLIER_BASE)
        );
    }

    /**
     * @notice Get the staked duration level for a token.
     */
    function getDurationLevel(
        uint256 tokenId
    )
        external
        view
        returns (uint256)
    {
        uint256 stakedTimestamp = _TOKEN_STAKING_STATE_[tokenId].timestamp;
        uint256 stakedDuration = block.timestamp - stakedTimestamp;
        return IS2Lib.getLevelForStakedDuration(stakedDuration);
    }

    //---------------- Public Functions ----------------//

    function getBaseRate()
        public
        view
        returns (uint256)
    {
        return _RATE_CHANGES_[_NUM_RATE_CHANGES_].baseRate;
    }

    function getDurationRewardsMultiplier(
        uint256 tokenId
    )
        public
        view
        returns (uint256)
    {
        uint256 stakedTimestamp = _TOKEN_STAKING_STATE_[tokenId].timestamp;

        // If the token is not staked, return multipler of 1.
        if (stakedTimestamp == 0) {
            return MULTIPLIER_BASE;
        }

        uint256 stakedDuration = block.timestamp - stakedTimestamp;
        return IS2Lib.getStakedDurationRewardsMultiplier(stakedDuration);
    }

    function getFoilRewardsMultiplier(
        uint256 tokenId
    )
        public
        view
        returns (uint256)
    {
        IIkaniV2.PoemTraits memory traits = IIkaniV2(IKANI).getPoemTraits(tokenId);
        return IS2Lib.getFoilRewardsMultiplier(traits);
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import { SafeCastUpgradeable } from "../../../deps/oz_cu_4_7_2/SafeCastUpgradeable.sol";

import { IIkaniV2 } from "../../../nft/v2/interfaces/IIkaniV2.sol";
import { IIkaniV2Staking } from "../interfaces/IIkaniV2Staking.sol";
import { MinHeap } from "../lib/MinHeap.sol";

library IS2Lib {
    using MinHeap for MinHeap.Heap;
    using SafeCastUpgradeable for uint256;

    //---------------- External Functions ----------------//

    /**
     * @dev Settle rewards to current timestamp, returning updated context and new rewards.
     *
     *  After calling this function, the returned updated context should be saved to storage.
     *  The new rewards should also be saved to storage (or spent).
     */
    function settleAccountAndGetOwedRewards(
        IIkaniV2Staking.SettlementContext memory intialContext,
        mapping(uint256 => IIkaniV2Staking.RateChange) storage _rate_changes_,
        MinHeap.Heap storage _checkpoints_,
        mapping(uint256 => IIkaniV2Staking.TokenStakingState) storage _token_staking_state_,
        uint256 globalNumRateChanges
    )
        external
        returns (
            IIkaniV2Staking.SettlementContext memory context,
            uint256 newRewards
        )
    {
        context = intialContext;
        newRewards = 0;
    }

    function stakeLogic(
        IIkaniV2Staking.SettlementContext memory intialContext,
        IIkaniV2.PoemTraits memory traits,
        uint256 stakingStartTimestamp,
        uint256 stakedNonce,
        uint256 tokenId
    )
        external
        view
        returns (
            IIkaniV2Staking.SettlementContext memory context,
            IIkaniV2Staking.Checkpoint memory checkpoint
        )
    {
        context = intialContext;
    }

    function unstakeLogic(
        IIkaniV2Staking.SettlementContext memory intialContext,
        IIkaniV2.PoemTraits memory traits,
        uint256 stakedTimestamp
    )
        external
        view
        returns (
            IIkaniV2Staking.SettlementContext memory context
        )
    {
        context = intialContext;
    }

    //---------------- Public State-Changing Functions ----------------//

    function _insertCheckpoint(
        MinHeap.Heap storage _checkpoints_,
        IIkaniV2Staking.Checkpoint memory checkpoint
    )
        public
    {
        uint256 checkpointUint = (
            (uint256(checkpoint.timestamp) << 224) +
            (uint256(checkpoint.level) << 192) +
            (uint256(checkpoint.basePoints) << 160) +
            (uint256(checkpoint.stakedNonce) << 128) +
            checkpoint.tokenId
        );
        _checkpoints_.insert(checkpointUint);
    }

    //---------------- Public Pure Functions ----------------//

    function getFoilRewardsMultiplier(
        IIkaniV2.PoemTraits memory traits
    )
        public
        pure
        returns (uint256)
    {
        return 0;
    }

    function getStakedDurationRewardsMultiplier(
        uint256 stakedDuration
    )
        public
        pure
        returns (uint256)
    {
        return 0;
    }

    function getAccountRewardsMultiplier(
        IIkaniV2Staking.SettlementContext memory context
    )
        public
        pure
        returns (uint256)
    {
        return 0;
    }

    function getFabricsRewardsMultiplier(
        IIkaniV2Staking.SettlementContext memory context
    )
        public
        pure
        returns (uint256)
    {
        return 0;
    }

    function getSeasonsRewardsMultiplier(
        IIkaniV2Staking.SettlementContext memory context
    )
        public
        pure
        returns (uint256)
    {
        return 0;
    }

    function getNumFabricsStaked(
        IIkaniV2Staking.SettlementContext memory context
    )
        public
        pure
        returns (uint256)
    {
        return 0;
    }

    function getNumSeasonsStaked(
        IIkaniV2Staking.SettlementContext memory context
    )
        public
        pure
        returns (uint256)
    {
        return 0;
    }

    function getLevelForStakedDuration(
        uint256 stakedDuration
    )
        public
        pure
        returns (uint256)
    {
        return 0;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import { AccessControlUpgradeable } from "../../../deps/oz_cu_4_7_2/AccessControlUpgradeable.sol";
import { PausableUpgradeable } from "../../../deps/oz_cu_4_7_2/PausableUpgradeable.sol";

import { IIkaniV2Staking } from "../interfaces/IIkaniV2Staking.sol";
import { MinHeap } from "../lib/MinHeap.sol";

/**
 * @title IS2Storage
 * @author Cyborg Labs, LLC
 */
abstract contract IS2Storage is
    AccessControlUpgradeable,
    PausableUpgradeable,
    IIkaniV2Staking
{
    //---------------- Constants ----------------//

    /// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow state-variable-immutable
    address public immutable IKANI;

    //---------------- Constructor ----------------//

    /// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow constructor
    constructor(
        address ikani
    ) {
        IKANI = ikani;
    }

    //---------------- Storage ----------------//

    /// @dev Storage gap to allow for flexibility in contract upgrades.
    uint256[1_000_000] private __gap;

    /// @dev Historical record of all changes to the global base rewards rate.
    ///
    ///  The base rate at index zero is always zero.
    ///  The first configured base rate is at index one.
    mapping(uint256 => RateChange) internal _RATE_CHANGES_;

    /// @dev The number of changes to the global base rewards rate.
    uint256 internal _NUM_RATE_CHANGES_;

    /// @dev The rewards state and settlement info for an account.
    mapping(address => SettlementContext) internal _SETTLEMENT_CONTEXT_;

    /// @dev The priority queue of unlockable duration-based bonus points for an account.
    ///
    ///  These are encoded as IIkaniV2Staking.Checkpoint structs and ordered by timestamp.
    mapping(address => MinHeap.Heap) internal _CHECKPOINTS_;

    /// @dev The settled rewards held by an account.
    ///
    ///  Converts to an ERC-20 amount as specified in IS2Erc20.sol.
    mapping(address => uint256) internal _REWARDS_;

    /// @dev The staking state of a token, including the timestamp and nonce.
    ///
    ///  timestamp  The timestamp when the token was staked, if currently staked, otherwise zero.
    ///  nonce      The number of times the token has been unstaked.
    mapping(uint256 => TokenStakingState) internal _TOKEN_STAKING_STATE_;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (utils/math/SafeCast.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Wrappers over Solidity's uintXX/intXX casting operators with added overflow
 * checks.
 *
 * Downcasting from uint256/int256 in Solidity does not revert on overflow. This can
 * easily result in undesired exploitation or bugs, since developers usually
 * assume that overflows raise errors. `SafeCast` restores this intuition by
 * reverting the transaction when such an operation overflows.
 *
 * Using this library instead of the unchecked operations eliminates an entire
 * class of bugs, so it's recommended to use it always.
 *
 * Can be combined with {SafeMath} and {SignedSafeMath} to extend it to smaller types, by performing
 * all math on `uint256` and `int256` and then downcasting.
 */
library SafeCastUpgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint248 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint248).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint248` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 248 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint248(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint248) {
        require(value <= type(uint248).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 248 bits");
        return uint248(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint240 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint240).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint240` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 240 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint240(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint240) {
        require(value <= type(uint240).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 240 bits");
        return uint240(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint232 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint232).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint232` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 232 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint232(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint232) {
        require(value <= type(uint232).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 232 bits");
        return uint232(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint224 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint224).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint224` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 224 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.2._
     */
    function toUint224(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint224) {
        require(value <= type(uint224).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 224 bits");
        return uint224(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint216 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint216).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint216` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 216 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint216(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint216) {
        require(value <= type(uint216).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 216 bits");
        return uint216(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint208 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint208).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint208` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 208 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint208(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint208) {
        require(value <= type(uint208).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 208 bits");
        return uint208(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint200 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint200).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint200` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 200 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint200(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint200) {
        require(value <= type(uint200).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 200 bits");
        return uint200(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint192 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint192).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint192` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 192 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint192(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint192) {
        require(value <= type(uint192).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 192 bits");
        return uint192(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint184 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint184).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint184` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 184 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint184(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint184) {
        require(value <= type(uint184).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 184 bits");
        return uint184(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint176 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint176).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint176` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 176 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint176(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint176) {
        require(value <= type(uint176).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 176 bits");
        return uint176(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint168 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint168).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint168` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 168 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint168(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint168) {
        require(value <= type(uint168).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 168 bits");
        return uint168(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint160 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint160).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint160` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 160 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint160(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint160) {
        require(value <= type(uint160).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 160 bits");
        return uint160(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint152 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint152).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint152` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 152 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint152(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint152) {
        require(value <= type(uint152).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 152 bits");
        return uint152(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint144 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint144).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint144` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 144 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint144(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint144) {
        require(value <= type(uint144).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 144 bits");
        return uint144(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint136 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint136).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint136` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 136 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint136(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint136) {
        require(value <= type(uint136).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 136 bits");
        return uint136(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint128 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint128).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint128` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 128 bits
     *
     * _Available since v2.5._
     */
    function toUint128(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint128) {
        require(value <= type(uint128).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 128 bits");
        return uint128(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint120 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint120).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint120` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 120 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint120(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint120) {
        require(value <= type(uint120).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 120 bits");
        return uint120(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint112 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint112).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint112` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 112 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint112(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint112) {
        require(value <= type(uint112).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 112 bits");
        return uint112(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint104 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint104).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint104` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 104 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint104(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint104) {
        require(value <= type(uint104).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 104 bits");
        return uint104(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint96 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint96).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint96` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 96 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.2._
     */
    function toUint96(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint96) {
        require(value <= type(uint96).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 96 bits");
        return uint96(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint88 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint88).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint88` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 88 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint88(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint88) {
        require(value <= type(uint88).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 88 bits");
        return uint88(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint80 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint80).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint80` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 80 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint80(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint80) {
        require(value <= type(uint80).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 80 bits");
        return uint80(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint72 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint72).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint72` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 72 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint72(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint72) {
        require(value <= type(uint72).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 72 bits");
        return uint72(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint64 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint64).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint64` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 64 bits
     *
     * _Available since v2.5._
     */
    function toUint64(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint64) {
        require(value <= type(uint64).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 64 bits");
        return uint64(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint56 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint56).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint56` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 56 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint56(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint56) {
        require(value <= type(uint56).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 56 bits");
        return uint56(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint48 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint48).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint48` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 48 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint48(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint48) {
        require(value <= type(uint48).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 48 bits");
        return uint48(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint40 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint40).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint40` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 40 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint40(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint40) {
        require(value <= type(uint40).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 40 bits");
        return uint40(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint32 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint32).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint32` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 32 bits
     *
     * _Available since v2.5._
     */
    function toUint32(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint32) {
        require(value <= type(uint32).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 32 bits");
        return uint32(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint24 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint24).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint24` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 24 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint24(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint24) {
        require(value <= type(uint24).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 24 bits");
        return uint24(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint16 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint16).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint16` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 16 bits
     *
     * _Available since v2.5._
     */
    function toUint16(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint16) {
        require(value <= type(uint16).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 16 bits");
        return uint16(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint8 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint8).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint8` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 8 bits
     *
     * _Available since v2.5._
     */
    function toUint8(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint8) {
        require(value <= type(uint8).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 8 bits");
        return uint8(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a signed int256 into an unsigned uint256.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must be greater than or equal to 0.
     *
     * _Available since v3.0._
     */
    function toUint256(int256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        require(value >= 0, "SafeCast: value must be positive");
        return uint256(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int248 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int248 or
     * greater than largest int248).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int248` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 248 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt248(int256 value) internal pure returns (int248) {
        require(value >= type(int248).min && value <= type(int248).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 248 bits");
        return int248(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int240 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int240 or
     * greater than largest int240).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int240` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 240 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt240(int256 value) internal pure returns (int240) {
        require(value >= type(int240).min && value <= type(int240).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 240 bits");
        return int240(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int232 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int232 or
     * greater than largest int232).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int232` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 232 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt232(int256 value) internal pure returns (int232) {
        require(value >= type(int232).min && value <= type(int232).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 232 bits");
        return int232(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int224 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int224 or
     * greater than largest int224).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int224` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 224 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt224(int256 value) internal pure returns (int224) {
        require(value >= type(int224).min && value <= type(int224).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 224 bits");
        return int224(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int216 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int216 or
     * greater than largest int216).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int216` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 216 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt216(int256 value) internal pure returns (int216) {
        require(value >= type(int216).min && value <= type(int216).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 216 bits");
        return int216(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int208 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int208 or
     * greater than largest int208).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int208` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 208 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt208(int256 value) internal pure returns (int208) {
        require(value >= type(int208).min && value <= type(int208).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 208 bits");
        return int208(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int200 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int200 or
     * greater than largest int200).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int200` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 200 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt200(int256 value) internal pure returns (int200) {
        require(value >= type(int200).min && value <= type(int200).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 200 bits");
        return int200(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int192 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int192 or
     * greater than largest int192).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int192` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 192 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt192(int256 value) internal pure returns (int192) {
        require(value >= type(int192).min && value <= type(int192).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 192 bits");
        return int192(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int184 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int184 or
     * greater than largest int184).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int184` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 184 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt184(int256 value) internal pure returns (int184) {
        require(value >= type(int184).min && value <= type(int184).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 184 bits");
        return int184(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int176 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int176 or
     * greater than largest int176).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int176` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 176 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt176(int256 value) internal pure returns (int176) {
        require(value >= type(int176).min && value <= type(int176).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 176 bits");
        return int176(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int168 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int168 or
     * greater than largest int168).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int168` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 168 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt168(int256 value) internal pure returns (int168) {
        require(value >= type(int168).min && value <= type(int168).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 168 bits");
        return int168(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int160 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int160 or
     * greater than largest int160).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int160` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 160 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt160(int256 value) internal pure returns (int160) {
        require(value >= type(int160).min && value <= type(int160).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 160 bits");
        return int160(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int152 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int152 or
     * greater than largest int152).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int152` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 152 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt152(int256 value) internal pure returns (int152) {
        require(value >= type(int152).min && value <= type(int152).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 152 bits");
        return int152(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int144 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int144 or
     * greater than largest int144).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int144` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 144 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt144(int256 value) internal pure returns (int144) {
        require(value >= type(int144).min && value <= type(int144).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 144 bits");
        return int144(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int136 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int136 or
     * greater than largest int136).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int136` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 136 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt136(int256 value) internal pure returns (int136) {
        require(value >= type(int136).min && value <= type(int136).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 136 bits");
        return int136(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int128 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int128 or
     * greater than largest int128).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int128` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 128 bits
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function toInt128(int256 value) internal pure returns (int128) {
        require(value >= type(int128).min && value <= type(int128).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 128 bits");
        return int128(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int120 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int120 or
     * greater than largest int120).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int120` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 120 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt120(int256 value) internal pure returns (int120) {
        require(value >= type(int120).min && value <= type(int120).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 120 bits");
        return int120(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int112 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int112 or
     * greater than largest int112).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int112` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 112 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt112(int256 value) internal pure returns (int112) {
        require(value >= type(int112).min && value <= type(int112).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 112 bits");
        return int112(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int104 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int104 or
     * greater than largest int104).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int104` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 104 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt104(int256 value) internal pure returns (int104) {
        require(value >= type(int104).min && value <= type(int104).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 104 bits");
        return int104(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int96 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int96 or
     * greater than largest int96).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int96` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 96 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt96(int256 value) internal pure returns (int96) {
        require(value >= type(int96).min && value <= type(int96).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 96 bits");
        return int96(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int88 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int88 or
     * greater than largest int88).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int88` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 88 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt88(int256 value) internal pure returns (int88) {
        require(value >= type(int88).min && value <= type(int88).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 88 bits");
        return int88(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int80 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int80 or
     * greater than largest int80).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int80` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 80 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt80(int256 value) internal pure returns (int80) {
        require(value >= type(int80).min && value <= type(int80).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 80 bits");
        return int80(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int72 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int72 or
     * greater than largest int72).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int72` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 72 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt72(int256 value) internal pure returns (int72) {
        require(value >= type(int72).min && value <= type(int72).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 72 bits");
        return int72(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int64 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int64 or
     * greater than largest int64).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int64` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 64 bits
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function toInt64(int256 value) internal pure returns (int64) {
        require(value >= type(int64).min && value <= type(int64).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 64 bits");
        return int64(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int56 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int56 or
     * greater than largest int56).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int56` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 56 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt56(int256 value) internal pure returns (int56) {
        require(value >= type(int56).min && value <= type(int56).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 56 bits");
        return int56(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int48 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int48 or
     * greater than largest int48).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int48` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 48 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt48(int256 value) internal pure returns (int48) {
        require(value >= type(int48).min && value <= type(int48).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 48 bits");
        return int48(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int40 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int40 or
     * greater than largest int40).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int40` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 40 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt40(int256 value) internal pure returns (int40) {
        require(value >= type(int40).min && value <= type(int40).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 40 bits");
        return int40(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int32 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int32 or
     * greater than largest int32).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int32` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 32 bits
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function toInt32(int256 value) internal pure returns (int32) {
        require(value >= type(int32).min && value <= type(int32).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 32 bits");
        return int32(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int24 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int24 or
     * greater than largest int24).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int24` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 24 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt24(int256 value) internal pure returns (int24) {
        require(value >= type(int24).min && value <= type(int24).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 24 bits");
        return int24(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int16 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int16 or
     * greater than largest int16).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int16` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 16 bits
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function toInt16(int256 value) internal pure returns (int16) {
        require(value >= type(int16).min && value <= type(int16).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 16 bits");
        return int16(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int8 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int8 or
     * greater than largest int8).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int8` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 8 bits
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function toInt8(int256 value) internal pure returns (int8) {
        require(value >= type(int8).min && value <= type(int8).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 8 bits");
        return int8(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts an unsigned uint256 into a signed int256.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must be less than or equal to maxInt256.
     *
     * _Available since v3.0._
     */
    function toInt256(uint256 value) internal pure returns (int256) {
        // Note: Unsafe cast below is okay because `type(int256).max` is guaranteed to be positive
        require(value <= uint256(type(int256).max), "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in an int256");
        return int256(value);
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @title IkaniV2Staking
 * @author Cyborg Labs, LLC
 *
 * @dev Priority queue implemented as a heap.
 */
library MinHeap {

    struct Heap {
        mapping(uint256 => uint256) data;
        uint256 length;
    }

    function insert(
        Heap storage _heap_,
        uint256 value
    )
        internal
    {
        unchecked {
            uint256 index = _heap_.length + 1;
            _heap_.length = index;

            while (index != 1) {
                uint256 parentIndex = index >> 1;
                uint256 parentValue = _heap_.data[parentIndex];
                if (parentValue <= value) {
                    break;
                }
                _heap_.data[index] = parentValue;
                index = parentIndex;
            }

            _heap_.data[index] = value;
        }
    }

    function unsafePeek(
        Heap storage _heap_
    )
        internal
        view
        returns (uint256)
    {
        return _heap_.data[1];
    }

    function safePeek(
        Heap storage _heap_
    )
        internal
        view
        returns (uint256)
    {
        require(
            _heap_.length != 0,
            "Heap is empty"
        );
        return _heap_.data[1];
    }

    function popMin(
        Heap storage _heap_
    )
        internal
    {
        unchecked {
            // We implicitly move the last value to the top of the heap, and heapify it down.
            uint256 oldLength = _heap_.length--;
            uint256 lastValue = _heap_.data[oldLength];

            if (oldLength == 1) {
                return;
            }

            uint256 index = 1;
            uint256 leftChildIndex = 2;
            uint256 rightChildIndex = 3;

            // While there is a left child...
            while (leftChildIndex < oldLength) {

                // Get the smaller of the left child and (if it exists) the right child.
                uint256 childIndex = leftChildIndex;
                uint256 childValue = _heap_.data[leftChildIndex];
                if (rightChildIndex < oldLength) {
                    uint256 rightChildValue = _heap_.data[rightChildIndex];
                    if (rightChildValue < childValue) {
                        childIndex = rightChildIndex;
                        childValue = rightChildValue;
                    }
                }

                // If the child value is smaller than our value, bring the child up.
                if (childValue < lastValue) {
                    _heap_.data[index] = childValue;
                    index = childIndex;
                } else {
                    break;
                }

                leftChildIndex = index << 1;
                rightChildIndex = leftChildIndex + 1;
            }

            _heap_.data[index] = lastValue;
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (access/AccessControl.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./IAccessControlUpgradeable.sol";
import "./ContextUpgradeable.sol";
import "./StringsUpgradeable.sol";
import "./ERC165Upgradeable.sol";
import "./Initializable.sol";

/**
 * @dev Contract module that allows children to implement role-based access
 * control mechanisms. This is a lightweight version that doesn't allow enumerating role
 * members except through off-chain means by accessing the contract event logs. Some
 * applications may benefit from on-chain enumerability, for those cases see
 * {AccessControlEnumerable}.
 *
 * Roles are referred to by their `bytes32` identifier. These should be exposed
 * in the external API and be unique. The best way to achieve this is by
 * using `public constant` hash digests:
 *
 * ```
 * bytes32 public constant MY_ROLE = keccak256("MY_ROLE");
 * ```
 *
 * Roles can be used to represent a set of permissions. To restrict access to a
 * function call, use {hasRole}:
 *
 * ```
 * function foo() public {
 *     require(hasRole(MY_ROLE, msg.sender));
 *     ...
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * Roles can be granted and revoked dynamically via the {grantRole} and
 * {revokeRole} functions. Each role has an associated admin role, and only
 * accounts that have a role's admin role can call {grantRole} and {revokeRole}.
 *
 * By default, the admin role for all roles is `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE`, which means
 * that only accounts with this role will be able to grant or revoke other
 * roles. More complex role relationships can be created by using
 * {_setRoleAdmin}.
 *
 * WARNING: The `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` is also its own admin: it has permission to
 * grant and revoke this role. Extra precautions should be taken to secure
 * accounts that have been granted it.
 */
abstract contract AccessControlUpgradeable is Initializable, ContextUpgradeable, IAccessControlUpgradeable, ERC165Upgradeable {
    function __AccessControl_init() internal onlyInitializing {
    }

    function __AccessControl_init_unchained() internal onlyInitializing {
    }
    struct RoleData {
        mapping(address => bool) members;
        bytes32 adminRole;
    }

    mapping(bytes32 => RoleData) private _roles;

    bytes32 public constant DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE = 0x00;

    /**
     * @dev Modifier that checks that an account has a specific role. Reverts
     * with a standardized message including the required role.
     *
     * The format of the revert reason is given by the following regular expression:
     *
     *  /^AccessControl: account (0x[0-9a-f]{40}) is missing role (0x[0-9a-f]{64})$/
     *
     * _Available since v4.1._
     */
    modifier onlyRole(bytes32 role) {
        _checkRole(role);
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return interfaceId == type(IAccessControlUpgradeable).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns `true` if `account` has been granted `role`.
     */
    function hasRole(bytes32 role, address account) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return _roles[role].members[account];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Revert with a standard message if `_msgSender()` is missing `role`.
     * Overriding this function changes the behavior of the {onlyRole} modifier.
     *
     * Format of the revert message is described in {_checkRole}.
     *
     * _Available since v4.6._
     */
    function _checkRole(bytes32 role) internal view virtual {
        _checkRole(role, _msgSender());
    }

    /**
     * @dev Revert with a standard message if `account` is missing `role`.
     *
     * The format of the revert reason is given by the following regular expression:
     *
     *  /^AccessControl: account (0x[0-9a-f]{40}) is missing role (0x[0-9a-f]{64})$/
     */
    function _checkRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal view virtual {
        if (!hasRole(role, account)) {
            revert(
                string(
                    abi.encodePacked(
                        "AccessControl: account ",
                        StringsUpgradeable.toHexString(account),
                        " is missing role ",
                        StringsUpgradeable.toHexString(uint256(role), 32)
                    )
                )
            );
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the admin role that controls `role`. See {grantRole} and
     * {revokeRole}.
     *
     * To change a role's admin, use {_setRoleAdmin}.
     */
    function getRoleAdmin(bytes32 role) public view virtual override returns (bytes32) {
        return _roles[role].adminRole;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Grants `role` to `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had not been already granted `role`, emits a {RoleGranted}
     * event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role.
     *
     * May emit a {RoleGranted} event.
     */
    function grantRole(bytes32 role, address account) public virtual override onlyRole(getRoleAdmin(role)) {
        _grantRole(role, account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Revokes `role` from `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had been granted `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role.
     *
     * May emit a {RoleRevoked} event.
     */
    function revokeRole(bytes32 role, address account) public virtual override onlyRole(getRoleAdmin(role)) {
        _revokeRole(role, account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Revokes `role` from the calling account.
     *
     * Roles are often managed via {grantRole} and {revokeRole}: this function's
     * purpose is to provide a mechanism for accounts to lose their privileges
     * if they are compromised (such as when a trusted device is misplaced).
     *
     * If the calling account had been revoked `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked}
     * event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must be `account`.
     *
     * May emit a {RoleRevoked} event.
     */
    function renounceRole(bytes32 role, address account) public virtual override {
        require(account == _msgSender(), "AccessControl: can only renounce roles for self");

        _revokeRole(role, account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Grants `role` to `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had not been already granted `role`, emits a {RoleGranted}
     * event. Note that unlike {grantRole}, this function doesn't perform any
     * checks on the calling account.
     *
     * May emit a {RoleGranted} event.
     *
     * [WARNING]
     * ====
     * This function should only be called from the constructor when setting
     * up the initial roles for the system.
     *
     * Using this function in any other way is effectively circumventing the admin
     * system imposed by {AccessControl}.
     * ====
     *
     * NOTE: This function is deprecated in favor of {_grantRole}.
     */
    function _setupRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal virtual {
        _grantRole(role, account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Sets `adminRole` as ``role``'s admin role.
     *
     * Emits a {RoleAdminChanged} event.
     */
    function _setRoleAdmin(bytes32 role, bytes32 adminRole) internal virtual {
        bytes32 previousAdminRole = getRoleAdmin(role);
        _roles[role].adminRole = adminRole;
        emit RoleAdminChanged(role, previousAdminRole, adminRole);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Grants `role` to `account`.
     *
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     *
     * May emit a {RoleGranted} event.
     */
    function _grantRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal virtual {
        if (!hasRole(role, account)) {
            _roles[role].members[account] = true;
            emit RoleGranted(role, account, _msgSender());
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Revokes `role` from `account`.
     *
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     *
     * May emit a {RoleRevoked} event.
     */
    function _revokeRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal virtual {
        if (hasRole(role, account)) {
            _roles[role].members[account] = false;
            emit RoleRevoked(role, account, _msgSender());
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev This empty reserved space is put in place to allow future versions to add new
     * variables without shifting down storage in the inheritance chain.
     * See https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/upgradeable#storage_gaps
     */
    uint256[49] private __gap;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (security/Pausable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./ContextUpgradeable.sol";
import "./Initializable.sol";

/**
 * @dev Contract module which allows children to implement an emergency stop
 * mechanism that can be triggered by an authorized account.
 *
 * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the
 * modifiers `whenNotPaused` and `whenPaused`, which can be applied to
 * the functions of your contract. Note that they will not be pausable by
 * simply including this module, only once the modifiers are put in place.
 */
abstract contract PausableUpgradeable is Initializable, ContextUpgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the pause is triggered by `account`.
     */
    event Paused(address account);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the pause is lifted by `account`.
     */
    event Unpaused(address account);

    bool private _paused;

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract in unpaused state.
     */
    function __Pausable_init() internal onlyInitializing {
        __Pausable_init_unchained();
    }

    function __Pausable_init_unchained() internal onlyInitializing {
        _paused = false;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Modifier to make a function callable only when the contract is not paused.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The contract must not be paused.
     */
    modifier whenNotPaused() {
        _requireNotPaused();
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Modifier to make a function callable only when the contract is paused.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The contract must be paused.
     */
    modifier whenPaused() {
        _requirePaused();
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the contract is paused, and false otherwise.
     */
    function paused() public view virtual returns (bool) {
        return _paused;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if the contract is paused.
     */
    function _requireNotPaused() internal view virtual {
        require(!paused(), "Pausable: paused");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if the contract is not paused.
     */
    function _requirePaused() internal view virtual {
        require(paused(), "Pausable: not paused");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Triggers stopped state.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The contract must not be paused.
     */
    function _pause() internal virtual whenNotPaused {
        _paused = true;
        emit Paused(_msgSender());
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns to normal state.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The contract must be paused.
     */
    function _unpause() internal virtual whenPaused {
        _paused = false;
        emit Unpaused(_msgSender());
    }

    /**
     * @dev This empty reserved space is put in place to allow future versions to add new
     * variables without shifting down storage in the inheritance chain.
     * See https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/upgradeable#storage_gaps
     */
    uint256[49] private __gap;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (access/IAccessControl.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev External interface of AccessControl declared to support ERC165 detection.
 */
interface IAccessControlUpgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `newAdminRole` is set as ``role``'s admin role, replacing `previousAdminRole`
     *
     * `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` is the starting admin for all roles, despite
     * {RoleAdminChanged} not being emitted signaling this.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    event RoleAdminChanged(bytes32 indexed role, bytes32 indexed previousAdminRole, bytes32 indexed newAdminRole);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `account` is granted `role`.
     *
     * `sender` is the account that originated the contract call, an admin role
     * bearer except when using {AccessControl-_setupRole}.
     */
    event RoleGranted(bytes32 indexed role, address indexed account, address indexed sender);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `account` is revoked `role`.
     *
     * `sender` is the account that originated the contract call:
     *   - if using `revokeRole`, it is the admin role bearer
     *   - if using `renounceRole`, it is the role bearer (i.e. `account`)
     */
    event RoleRevoked(bytes32 indexed role, address indexed account, address indexed sender);

    /**
     * @dev Returns `true` if `account` has been granted `role`.
     */
    function hasRole(bytes32 role, address account) external view returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the admin role that controls `role`. See {grantRole} and
     * {revokeRole}.
     *
     * To change a role's admin, use {AccessControl-_setRoleAdmin}.
     */
    function getRoleAdmin(bytes32 role) external view returns (bytes32);

    /**
     * @dev Grants `role` to `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had not been already granted `role`, emits a {RoleGranted}
     * event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role.
     */
    function grantRole(bytes32 role, address account) external;

    /**
     * @dev Revokes `role` from `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had been granted `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role.
     */
    function revokeRole(bytes32 role, address account) external;

    /**
     * @dev Revokes `role` from the calling account.
     *
     * Roles are often managed via {grantRole} and {revokeRole}: this function's
     * purpose is to provide a mechanism for accounts to lose their privileges
     * if they are compromised (such as when a trusted device is misplaced).
     *
     * If the calling account had been granted `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked}
     * event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must be `account`.
     */
    function renounceRole(bytes32 role, address account) external;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/Context.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./Initializable.sol";

/**
 * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
 * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
 * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
 * manner, since when dealing with meta-transactions the account sending and
 * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
 * is concerned).
 *
 * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
 */
abstract contract ContextUpgradeable is Initializable {
    function __Context_init() internal onlyInitializing {
    }

    function __Context_init_unchained() internal onlyInitializing {
    }
    function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address) {
        return msg.sender;
    }

    function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes calldata) {
        return msg.data;
    }

    /**
     * @dev This empty reserved space is put in place to allow future versions to add new
     * variables without shifting down storage in the inheritance chain.
     * See https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/upgradeable#storage_gaps
     */
    uint256[50] private __gap;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (utils/Strings.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev String operations.
 */
library StringsUpgradeable {
    bytes16 private constant _HEX_SYMBOLS = "0123456789abcdef";
    uint8 private constant _ADDRESS_LENGTH = 20;

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.
     */
    function toString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        // Inspired by OraclizeAPI's implementation - MIT licence
        // https://github.com/oraclize/ethereum-api/blob/b42146b063c7d6ee1358846c198246239e9360e8/oraclizeAPI_0.4.25.sol

        if (value == 0) {
            return "0";
        }
        uint256 temp = value;
        uint256 digits;
        while (temp != 0) {
            digits++;
            temp /= 10;
        }
        bytes memory buffer = new bytes(digits);
        while (value != 0) {
            digits -= 1;
            buffer[digits] = bytes1(uint8(48 + uint256(value % 10)));
            value /= 10;
        }
        return string(buffer);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        if (value == 0) {
            return "0x00";
        }
        uint256 temp = value;
        uint256 length = 0;
        while (temp != 0) {
            length++;
            temp >>= 8;
        }
        return toHexString(value, length);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation with fixed length.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value, uint256 length) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        bytes memory buffer = new bytes(2 * length + 2);
        buffer[0] = "0";
        buffer[1] = "x";
        for (uint256 i = 2 * length + 1; i > 1; --i) {
            buffer[i] = _HEX_SYMBOLS[value & 0xf];
            value >>= 4;
        }
        require(value == 0, "Strings: hex length insufficient");
        return string(buffer);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts an `address` with fixed length of 20 bytes to its not checksummed ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.
     */
    function toHexString(address addr) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        return toHexString(uint256(uint160(addr)), _ADDRESS_LENGTH);
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/introspection/ERC165.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./IERC165Upgradeable.sol";
import "./Initializable.sol";

/**
 * @dev Implementation of the {IERC165} interface.
 *
 * Contracts that want to implement ERC165 should inherit from this contract and override {supportsInterface} to check
 * for the additional interface id that will be supported. For example:
 *
 * ```solidity
 * function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
 *     return interfaceId == type(MyInterface).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * Alternatively, {ERC165Storage} provides an easier to use but more expensive implementation.
 */
abstract contract ERC165Upgradeable is Initializable, IERC165Upgradeable {
    function __ERC165_init() internal onlyInitializing {
    }

    function __ERC165_init_unchained() internal onlyInitializing {
    }
    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return interfaceId == type(IERC165Upgradeable).interfaceId;
    }

    /**
     * @dev This empty reserved space is put in place to allow future versions to add new
     * variables without shifting down storage in the inheritance chain.
     * See https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/upgradeable#storage_gaps
     */
    uint256[50] private __gap;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (proxy/utils/Initializable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.2;

import "./AddressUpgradeable.sol";

/**
 * @dev This is a base contract to aid in writing upgradeable contracts, or any kind of contract that will be deployed
 * behind a proxy. Since proxied contracts do not make use of a constructor, it's common to move constructor logic to an
 * external initializer function, usually called `initialize`. It then becomes necessary to protect this initializer
 * function so it can only be called once. The {initializer} modifier provided by this contract will have this effect.
 *
 * The initialization functions use a version number. Once a version number is used, it is consumed and cannot be
 * reused. This mechanism prevents re-execution of each "step" but allows the creation of new initialization steps in
 * case an upgrade adds a module that needs to be initialized.
 *
 * For example:
 *
 * [.hljs-theme-light.nopadding]
 * ```
 * contract MyToken is ERC20Upgradeable {
 *     function initialize() initializer public {
 *         __ERC20_init("MyToken", "MTK");
 *     }
 * }
 * contract MyTokenV2 is MyToken, ERC20PermitUpgradeable {
 *     function initializeV2() reinitializer(2) public {
 *         __ERC20Permit_init("MyToken");
 *     }
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * TIP: To avoid leaving the proxy in an uninitialized state, the initializer function should be called as early as
 * possible by providing the encoded function call as the `_data` argument to {ERC1967Proxy-constructor}.
 *
 * CAUTION: When used with inheritance, manual care must be taken to not invoke a parent initializer twice, or to ensure
 * that all initializers are idempotent. This is not verified automatically as constructors are by Solidity.
 *
 * [CAUTION]
 * ====
 * Avoid leaving a contract uninitialized.
 *
 * An uninitialized contract can be taken over by an attacker. This applies to both a proxy and its implementation
 * contract, which may impact the proxy. To prevent the implementation contract from being used, you should invoke
 * the {_disableInitializers} function in the constructor to automatically lock it when it is deployed:
 *
 * [.hljs-theme-light.nopadding]
 * ```
 * /// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow constructor
 * constructor() {
 *     _disableInitializers();
 * }
 * ```
 * ====
 */
abstract contract Initializable {
    /**
     * @dev Indicates that the contract has been initialized.
     * @custom:oz-retyped-from bool
     */
    uint8 private _initialized;

    /**
     * @dev Indicates that the contract is in the process of being initialized.
     */
    bool private _initializing;

    /**
     * @dev Triggered when the contract has been initialized or reinitialized.
     */
    event Initialized(uint8 version);

    /**
     * @dev A modifier that defines a protected initializer function that can be invoked at most once. In its scope,
     * `onlyInitializing` functions can be used to initialize parent contracts. Equivalent to `reinitializer(1)`.
     */
    modifier initializer() {
        bool isTopLevelCall = !_initializing;
        require(
            (isTopLevelCall && _initialized < 1) || (!AddressUpgradeable.isContract(address(this)) && _initialized == 1),
            "Initializable: contract is already initialized"
        );
        _initialized = 1;
        if (isTopLevelCall) {
            _initializing = true;
        }
        _;
        if (isTopLevelCall) {
            _initializing = false;
            emit Initialized(1);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev A modifier that defines a protected reinitializer function that can be invoked at most once, and only if the
     * contract hasn't been initialized to a greater version before. In its scope, `onlyInitializing` functions can be
     * used to initialize parent contracts.
     *
     * `initializer` is equivalent to `reinitializer(1)`, so a reinitializer may be used after the original
     * initialization step. This is essential to configure modules that are added through upgrades and that require
     * initialization.
     *
     * Note that versions can jump in increments greater than 1; this implies that if multiple reinitializers coexist in
     * a contract, executing them in the right order is up to the developer or operator.
     */
    modifier reinitializer(uint8 version) {
        require(!_initializing && _initialized < version, "Initializable: contract is already initialized");
        _initialized = version;
        _initializing = true;
        _;
        _initializing = false;
        emit Initialized(version);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Modifier to protect an initialization function so that it can only be invoked by functions with the
     * {initializer} and {reinitializer} modifiers, directly or indirectly.
     */
    modifier onlyInitializing() {
        require(_initializing, "Initializable: contract is not initializing");
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Locks the contract, preventing any future reinitialization. This cannot be part of an initializer call.
     * Calling this in the constructor of a contract will prevent that contract from being initialized or reinitialized
     * to any version. It is recommended to use this to lock implementation contracts that are designed to be called
     * through proxies.
     */
    function _disableInitializers() internal virtual {
        require(!_initializing, "Initializable: contract is initializing");
        if (_initialized < type(uint8).max) {
            _initialized = type(uint8).max;
            emit Initialized(type(uint8).max);
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (utils/Address.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.1;

/**
 * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
 */
library AddressUpgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract.
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this function returns
     * false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a contract.
     *
     * Among others, `isContract` will return false for the following
     * types of addresses:
     *
     *  - an externally-owned account
     *  - a contract in construction
     *  - an address where a contract will be created
     *  - an address where a contract lived, but was destroyed
     * ====
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * You shouldn't rely on `isContract` to protect against flash loan attacks!
     *
     * Preventing calls from contracts is highly discouraged. It breaks composability, breaks support for smart wallets
     * like Gnosis Safe, and does not provide security since it can be circumvented by calling from a contract
     * constructor.
     * ====
     */
    function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) {
        // This method relies on extcodesize/address.code.length, which returns 0
        // for contracts in construction, since the code is only stored at the end
        // of the constructor execution.

        return account.code.length > 0;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
     * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
     *
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
     * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
     * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
     * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
     *
     * https://diligence.consensys.net/posts/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
     *
     * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
     * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
     * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
     * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.5.11/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
     */
    function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
        require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Address: insufficient balance");

        (bool success, ) = recipient.call{value: amount}("");
        require(success, "Address: unable to send value, recipient may have reverted");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A
     * plain `call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this
     * function instead.
     *
     * If `target` reverts with a revert reason, it is bubbled up by this
     * function (like regular Solidity function calls).
     *
     * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value,
     * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`].
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `target` must be a contract.
     * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, "Address: low-level call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], but with
     * `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`.
     * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        uint256 value
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, "Address: low-level call with value failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCallWithValue-address-bytes-uint256-}[`functionCallWithValue`], but
     * with `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        uint256 value,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        require(address(this).balance >= value, "Address: insufficient balance for call");
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{value: value}(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionStaticCall(target, data, "Address: low-level static call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call to smart-contract was successful, and revert (either by bubbling
     * the revert reason or using the provided one) in case of unsuccessful call or if target was not a contract.
     *
     * _Available since v4.8._
     */
    function verifyCallResultFromTarget(
        address target,
        bool success,
        bytes memory returndata,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        if (success) {
            if (returndata.length == 0) {
                // only check isContract if the call was successful and the return data is empty
                // otherwise we already know that it was a contract
                require(isContract(target), "Address: call to non-contract");
            }
            return returndata;
        } else {
            _revert(returndata, errorMessage);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call was successful, and revert if it wasn't, either by bubbling the
     * revert reason or using the provided one.
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function verifyCallResult(
        bool success,
        bytes memory returndata,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
        if (success) {
            return returndata;
        } else {
            _revert(returndata, errorMessage);
        }
    }

    function _revert(bytes memory returndata, string memory errorMessage) private pure {
        // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present
        if (returndata.length > 0) {
            // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
                revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
            }
        } else {
            revert(errorMessage);
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/introspection/IERC165.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC165 standard, as defined in the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165[EIP].
 *
 * Implementers can declare support of contract interfaces, which can then be
 * queried by others ({ERC165Checker}).
 *
 * For an implementation, see {ERC165}.
 */
interface IERC165Upgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if this contract implements the interface defined by
     * `interfaceId`. See the corresponding
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165#how-interfaces-are-identified[EIP section]
     * to learn more about how these ids are created.
     *
     * This function call must use less than 30 000 gas.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) external view returns (bool);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import { IS2Storage } from "./IS2Storage.sol";

/**
 * @title IS2Storage
 * @author Cyborg Labs, LLC
 */
abstract contract IS2Roles is
    IS2Storage
{
    //---------------- Constants ----------------//

    bytes32 public constant PAUSER_ROLE = keccak256('PAUSER_ROLE');
    bytes32 public constant UNPAUSER_ROLE = keccak256('UNPAUSER_ROLE');
    bytes32 public constant BASE_RATE_CONTROLLER_ROLE = keccak256('BASE_RATE_CONTROLLER_ROLE');
    bytes32 public constant BURN_CONTROLLER_ROLE = keccak256('BURN_CONTROLLER_ROLE');
    bytes32 public constant CLAIM_CONTROLLER_ROLE = keccak256('CLAIM_CONTROLLER_ROLE');
    bytes32 public constant UNSTAKE_CONTROLLER_ROLE = keccak256('UNSTAKE_CONTROLLER_ROLE');
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import { IERC721Upgradeable } from "../../../deps/oz_cu_4_7_2/IERC721Upgradeable.sol";
import { SafeCastUpgradeable } from "../../../deps/oz_cu_4_7_2/SafeCastUpgradeable.sol";

import { IIkaniERC20 } from "../../../erc20/interfaces/IIkaniERC20.sol";
import { IS2Core } from "./IS2Core.sol";
import { IS2Roles } from "./IS2Roles.sol";

/**
 * @title IS2Admin
 * @author Cyborg Labs, LLC
 *
 *  Role-restricted functions.
 */
abstract contract IS2Admin is
    IS2Core,
    IS2Roles
{
    using SafeCastUpgradeable for uint256;

    //---------------- External Functions ----------------//

    function pause()
        external
        onlyRole(PAUSER_ROLE)
    {
        _pause();
    }

    function unpause()
        external
        onlyRole(UNPAUSER_ROLE)
    {
        _unpause();
    }

    function setBaseRate(
        uint32 baseRate
    )
        external
        onlyRole(BASE_RATE_CONTROLLER_ROLE)
    {
        _setBaseRate(baseRate);
    }

    function adminUnstake(
        address owner,
        uint256[] calldata tokenIds,
        bytes32 receipt,
        bytes calldata receiptData
    )
        external
        onlyRole(UNSTAKE_CONTROLLER_ROLE)
        whenNotPaused
    {
        // Verify owner.
        _requireSameOwnerAndAuthorized(owner, tokenIds, true);

        // Get the updated rewards context and new rewards.
        (SettlementContext memory context, uint256 rewardsDiff) = _settleAccount(owner);

        // Unstake the tokens.
        context = _unstake(context, owner, tokenIds);

        // Update storage for the account.
        _SETTLEMENT_CONTEXT_[owner] = context;
        _REWARDS_[owner] += rewardsDiff;

        emit AdminUnstaked(owner, tokenIds, receipt, receiptData);
    }

    function adminClaimRewards(
        address owner
    )
        external
        onlyRole(CLAIM_CONTROLLER_ROLE)
        whenNotPaused
    {
        _claimRewards(owner, owner);
    }

    function adminClaimRewardsAndBurnWithPermit(
        address owner,
        uint256 burnAmount,
        bytes32 burnReceipt,
        bytes calldata burnReceiptData,
        uint256 deadline,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s

    )
        external
        onlyRole(CLAIM_CONTROLLER_ROLE)
        onlyRole(BURN_CONTROLLER_ROLE)
        whenNotPaused
    {
        _claimRewards(owner, owner);
        _burnErc20(owner, burnAmount, burnReceipt, burnReceiptData, deadline, v, r, s);
    }

    //---------------- Internal Functions ----------------//

    function _setBaseRate(
        uint32 baseRate
    )
        internal
    {
        // The base rate at index zero is always zero.
        // The first configured base rate is at index one.
        unchecked {
            _RATE_CHANGES_[++_NUM_RATE_CHANGES_] = RateChange({
                baseRate: baseRate,
                timestamp: block.timestamp.toUint32()
            });
        }

        emit SetBaseRate(baseRate);
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (token/ERC721/IERC721.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./IERC165Upgradeable.sol";

/**
 * @dev Required interface of an ERC721 compliant contract.
 */
interface IERC721Upgradeable is IERC165Upgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `tokenId` token is transferred from `from` to `to`.
     */
    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 indexed tokenId);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `owner` enables `approved` to manage the `tokenId` token.
     */
    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed approved, uint256 indexed tokenId);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `owner` enables or disables (`approved`) `operator` to manage all of its assets.
     */
    event ApprovalForAll(address indexed owner, address indexed operator, bool approved);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of tokens in ``owner``'s account.
     */
    function balanceOf(address owner) external view returns (uint256 balance);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the owner of the `tokenId` token.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `tokenId` must exist.
     */
    function ownerOf(uint256 tokenId) external view returns (address owner);

    /**
     * @dev Safely transfers `tokenId` token from `from` to `to`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `tokenId` token must exist and be owned by `from`.
     * - If the caller is not `from`, it must be approved to move this token by either {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received}, which is called upon a safe transfer.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 tokenId,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external;

    /**
     * @dev Safely transfers `tokenId` token from `from` to `to`, checking first that contract recipients
     * are aware of the ERC721 protocol to prevent tokens from being forever locked.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `tokenId` token must exist and be owned by `from`.
     * - If the caller is not `from`, it must have been allowed to move this token by either {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received}, which is called upon a safe transfer.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 tokenId
    ) external;

    /**
     * @dev Transfers `tokenId` token from `from` to `to`.
     *
     * WARNING: Usage of this method is discouraged, use {safeTransferFrom} whenever possible.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `tokenId` token must be owned by `from`.
     * - If the caller is not `from`, it must be approved to move this token by either {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 tokenId
    ) external;

    /**
     * @dev Gives permission to `to` to transfer `tokenId` token to another account.
     * The approval is cleared when the token is transferred.
     *
     * Only a single account can be approved at a time, so approving the zero address clears previous approvals.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The caller must own the token or be an approved operator.
     * - `tokenId` must exist.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     */
    function approve(address to, uint256 tokenId) external;

    /**
     * @dev Approve or remove `operator` as an operator for the caller.
     * Operators can call {transferFrom} or {safeTransferFrom} for any token owned by the caller.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The `operator` cannot be the caller.
     *
     * Emits an {ApprovalForAll} event.
     */
    function setApprovalForAll(address operator, bool _approved) external;

    /**
     * @dev Returns the account approved for `tokenId` token.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `tokenId` must exist.
     */
    function getApproved(uint256 tokenId) external view returns (address operator);

    /**
     * @dev Returns if the `operator` is allowed to manage all of the assets of `owner`.
     *
     * See {setApprovalForAll}
     */
    function isApprovedForAll(address owner, address operator) external view returns (bool);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

interface IIkaniERC20 {

    //---------------- Events ----------------//

    event Minted(
        address indexed to,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes32 indexed receipt,
        bytes receiptData
    );

    event Burned(
        address indexed from,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes32 indexed receipt,
        bytes receiptData
    );

    //---------------- Functions ----------------//

    function mint(
        address to,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes32 receipt,
        bytes calldata receiptData
    )
        external;

    function burn(
        address from,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes32 receipt,
        bytes calldata receiptData
    )
        external;

    function burnWithPermit(
        address from,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes32 receipt,
        bytes calldata receiptData,
        uint256 deadline,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    )
        external;

    function burnFrom(
        address from,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes32 receipt,
        bytes calldata receiptData
    )
        external;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import { AddressUpgradeable } from "../../../deps/oz_cu_4_7_2/AddressUpgradeable.sol";
import { IERC721Upgradeable } from "../../../deps/oz_cu_4_7_2/IERC721Upgradeable.sol";
import { SafeCastUpgradeable } from "../../../deps/oz_cu_4_7_2/SafeCastUpgradeable.sol";

import { IIkaniV2 } from "../../../nft/v2/interfaces/IIkaniV2.sol";

import { IS2Lib } from "../lib/IS2Lib.sol";
import { MinHeap } from "../lib/MinHeap.sol";
import { IS2Erc20 } from "./IS2Erc20.sol";

/**
 * @title IS2Core
 * @author Cyborg Labs, LLC
 */
abstract contract IS2Core is
    IS2Erc20
{
    using SafeCastUpgradeable for uint256;

    //---------------- External Functions ----------------//

    /**
     * @notice Stake one or more tokens owned by a single owner.
     *
     *  Will revert if any of the tokens are already staked.
     *  Will revert if the same token is included more than once.
     */
    function stake(
        address owner,
        uint256[] calldata tokenIds
    )
        external
        whenNotPaused
    {
        // Verify owner and authorization.
        _requireSameOwnerAndAuthorized(owner, tokenIds, false);

        // Get the updated rewards context and new rewards.
        (SettlementContext memory context, uint256 rewardsDiff) = _settleAccount(owner);

        // Stake the tokens.
        context = _stake(context, owner, tokenIds, new uint256[](0));

        // Update storage for the account.
        _SETTLEMENT_CONTEXT_[owner] = context;
        if (rewardsDiff != 0) {
            _REWARDS_[owner] += rewardsDiff;
        }
    }

    function unstake(
        address owner,
        uint256[] calldata tokenIds
    )
        external
        whenNotPaused
    {
        // Verify owner and authorization.
        _requireSameOwnerAndAuthorized(owner, tokenIds, false);

        // Get the updated rewards context and new rewards.
        (SettlementContext memory context, uint256 rewardsDiff) = _settleAccount(owner);

        // Unstake the tokens.
        context = _unstake(context, owner, tokenIds);

        // Update storage for the account.
        _SETTLEMENT_CONTEXT_[owner] = context;
        _REWARDS_[owner] += rewardsDiff;
    }

    function batchSafeTransferFromStaked(
        address owner,
        address recipient,
        uint256[] calldata tokenIds
    )
        external
        whenNotPaused
    {
        require(
            msg.sender == owner,
            "Only owner can transfer staked"
        );

        // Verify owner.
        _requireSameOwnerAndAuthorized(owner, tokenIds, true);

        // Get the updated rewards context and new rewards.
        (
            SettlementContext memory ownerContext,
            uint256 ownerRewardsDiff
        ) = _settleAccount(owner);
        (
            SettlementContext memory recipientContext,
            uint256 recipientRewardsDiff
        ) = _settleAccount(recipient);

        // Get the staked timestamps.
        uint256 n = tokenIds.length;
        uint256[] memory stakedTimestamps = new uint256[](n);
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < n;) {
            stakedTimestamps[i] = _TOKEN_STAKING_STATE_[tokenIds[i]].timestamp;
            unchecked { ++i; }
        }

        // Unstake and restake the tokens.
        ownerContext = _unstake(ownerContext, owner, tokenIds);
        recipientContext = _stake(recipientContext, recipient, tokenIds, stakedTimestamps);

        // Update storage for the accounts.
        _SETTLEMENT_CONTEXT_[owner] = ownerContext;
        _REWARDS_[owner] += ownerRewardsDiff;
        _SETTLEMENT_CONTEXT_[recipient] = recipientContext;
        _REWARDS_[recipient] += recipientRewardsDiff;

        // Do transfers last, since a “safe” transfer can execute arbitrary smart contract code.
        // This is important to prevent reentrancy attacks.
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < n;) {
            IERC721Upgradeable(IKANI).safeTransferFrom(owner, recipient, tokenIds[i]);
            unchecked { ++i; }
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Claim all rewards for the account.
     *
     *  This function can be called with eth_call (e.g. callStatic in ethers.js) to get the
     *  current unclaimed rewards balance for an account.
     */
    function claimRewards(
        address owner,
        address recipient
    )
        external
        whenNotPaused
        returns (uint256)
    {
        require(
            msg.sender == owner,
            "Sender is not owner"
        );
        return _claimRewards(owner, recipient);
    }

    function claimAndBurnRewards(
        address owner,
        uint256 burnAmount,
        bytes32 burnReceipt,
        bytes calldata burnReceiptData,
        uint256 deadline,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    )
        external
        whenNotPaused
    {
        require(
            msg.sender == owner,
            "Sender is not owner"
        );
        _claimRewards(owner, owner);
        _burnErc20(owner, burnAmount, burnReceipt, burnReceiptData, deadline, v, r, s);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Settle rewards for an account.
     *
     *  Note: There is no access control on this function.
     */
    function settleRewards(
        address owner
    )
        external
        whenNotPaused
        returns (uint256)
    {
        return _settleRewards(owner);
    }

    //---------------- Internal Functions ----------------//

    function _settleRewards(
        address owner
    )
        internal
        returns (uint256)
    {
        uint256 rewardsOld = _REWARDS_[owner];

        // Get the updated rewards context and new rewards.
        (SettlementContext memory context, uint256 rewardsDiff) = _settleAccount(owner);

        uint256 rewardsNew = rewardsOld + rewardsDiff;

        // Update storage.
        _SETTLEMENT_CONTEXT_[owner] = context;
        _REWARDS_[owner] = rewardsNew;

        return _getErc20Amount(rewardsNew);
    }

    function _claimRewards(
        address owner,
        address recipient
    )
        internal
        returns (uint256)
    {
        uint256 rewardsOld = _REWARDS_[owner];

        // Get the updated rewards context and new rewards.
        (SettlementContext memory context, uint256 rewardsDiff) = _settleAccount(owner);

        // Update storage.
        _SETTLEMENT_CONTEXT_[owner] = context;
        _REWARDS_[owner] = 0;

        // Mint the rewards amount.
        uint256 rewardsNew = rewardsOld + rewardsDiff;
        uint256 erc20Amount = _issueRewards(recipient, rewardsNew);

        emit ClaimedRewards(owner, erc20Amount);

        return erc20Amount;
    }

    function _stake(
        SettlementContext memory initialContext,
        address owner,
        uint256[] calldata tokenIds,
        uint256[] memory maybeStakingStartTimestamps
    )
        internal
        returns (SettlementContext memory context)
    {
        context = initialContext;
        uint256 n = tokenIds.length;

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < n;) {
            uint256 tokenId = tokenIds[i];

            // Get the current staking state for the token.
            TokenStakingState memory stakingState = _TOKEN_STAKING_STATE_[tokenId];

            // Require that the token is not currently staked.
            // Note that this will revert if the same token appeared twice in the list.
            require(
                stakingState.timestamp == 0,
                "Already staked"
            );

            // The timestamp to use as the staking start timestamp for the token.
            uint256 stakingStartTimestamp = maybeStakingStartTimestamps.length > 0
                ? maybeStakingStartTimestamps[i]
                : block.timestamp;

            Checkpoint memory checkpoint;
            (context, checkpoint) = IS2Lib.stakeLogic(
                context,
                IIkaniV2(IKANI).getPoemTraits(tokenId),
                stakingStartTimestamp,
                stakingState.nonce,
                tokenId
            );

            // Update storage for the token.
            if (checkpoint.timestamp != 0) {
                IS2Lib._insertCheckpoint(_CHECKPOINTS_[owner], checkpoint);
            }
            _TOKEN_STAKING_STATE_[tokenId].timestamp = stakingStartTimestamp.toUint32();

            emit Staked(owner, tokenId, stakingStartTimestamp);

            unchecked { ++i; }
        }
    }

    function _unstake(
        SettlementContext memory initialContext,
        address owner,
        uint256[] calldata tokenIds
    )
        internal
        returns (SettlementContext memory context)
    {
        context = initialContext;
        uint256 n = tokenIds.length;

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < n;) {
            uint256 tokenId = tokenIds[i];

            // Get the current staking state for the token.
            TokenStakingState memory stakingState = _TOKEN_STAKING_STATE_[tokenId];

            // Require that the token is currently staked.
            // Note that this will revert if the same token appeared twice in the list.
            require(
                stakingState.timestamp != 0,
                "Not staked"
            );

            context = IS2Lib.unstakeLogic(
                context,
                IIkaniV2(IKANI).getPoemTraits(tokenId),
                stakingState.timestamp
            );

            // Update storage for the token.
            unchecked {
                _TOKEN_STAKING_STATE_[tokenId] = TokenStakingState({
                    timestamp: 0,
                    nonce: stakingState.nonce + 1
                });
            }

            emit Unstaked(owner, tokenId);

            unchecked { ++i; }
        }
    }

    function _requireSameOwnerAndAuthorized(
        address owner,
        uint256[] calldata tokenIds,
        bool alreadyAuthorized
    )
        internal
        view
    {
        address sender = msg.sender;
        bool senderIsOwner = sender == owner;
        uint256 n = tokenIds.length;

        // Verify owner and authorization.
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < n;) {
            uint256 tokenId = tokenIds[i];

            require(
                IERC721Upgradeable(IKANI).ownerOf(tokenId) == owner,
                "Wrong owner"
            );
            require(
                alreadyAuthorized || senderIsOwner || _isApproved(sender, owner, tokenId),
                "Not authorized to stake/unstake"
            );

            unchecked { ++i; }
        }
    }

    function _settleAccount(
        address owner
    )
        internal
        returns (
            SettlementContext memory context,
            uint256 rewardsDiff
        )
    {
        (context, rewardsDiff) = IS2Lib.settleAccountAndGetOwedRewards(
            _SETTLEMENT_CONTEXT_[owner],
            _RATE_CHANGES_,
            _CHECKPOINTS_[owner],
            _TOKEN_STAKING_STATE_,
            _NUM_RATE_CHANGES_
        );
    }

    function _isApproved(
        address spender,
        address owner,
        uint256 tokenId
    )
        internal
        view
        returns (bool)
    {
        return (
            IERC721Upgradeable(IKANI).isApprovedForAll(owner, spender) ||
            IERC721Upgradeable(IKANI).getApproved(tokenId) == spender
        );
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import { IERC20 } from "../../../deps/oz_c_4_7_2/IERC20.sol";

import { IIkaniERC20 } from "../../../erc20/interfaces/IIkaniERC20.sol";

import { IS2Storage } from "./IS2Storage.sol";

/**
 * @title IS2Erc20
 * @author Cyborg Labs, LLC
 *
 * @notice Handles interactions with the ERC20 token.
 */
abstract contract IS2Erc20 is
    IS2Storage
{
    //---------------- Constants ----------------//

    /// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow state-variable-immutable
    address private immutable REWARDS_ERC20;

    uint256 private constant REWARDS_CONVERSION_FACTOR = 1e6;

    //---------------- Constructor ----------------//

    /// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow constructor
    constructor(
        address rewardsErc20
    ) {
        REWARDS_ERC20 = rewardsErc20;
    }

    //---------------- Internal Functions ----------------//

    function _issueRewards(
        address recipient,
        uint256 rewardsAmount
    )
        internal
        returns (uint256)
    {
        uint256 erc20Amount = _getErc20Amount(rewardsAmount);
        // Note: Not using SafeERC20, to save a bit of gas, since this is our own token.
        IERC20(REWARDS_ERC20).transfer(
            recipient,
            erc20Amount
        );
        return erc20Amount;
    }

    function _burnErc20(
        address owner,
        uint256 burnAmount,
        bytes32 burnReceipt,
        bytes calldata burnReceiptData,
        uint256 deadline,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    )
        internal
    {
        IIkaniERC20(REWARDS_ERC20).burnWithPermit(
            owner,
            burnAmount,
            burnReceipt,
            burnReceiptData,
            deadline,
            v,
            r,
            s
        );
    }

    function _getErc20Amount(
        uint256 rewardsAmount
    )
        internal
        pure
        returns (uint256)
    {
        return rewardsAmount * REWARDS_CONVERSION_FACTOR;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.6.0) (token/ERC20/IERC20.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC20 standard as defined in the EIP.
 */
interface IERC20 {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens are moved from one account (`from`) to
     * another (`to`).
     *
     * Note that `value` may be zero.
     */
    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the allowance of a `spender` for an `owner` is set by
     * a call to {approve}. `value` is the new allowance.
     */
    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens in existence.
     */
    function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens owned by `account`.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from the caller's account to `to`.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transfer(address to, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remaining number of tokens that `spender` will be
     * allowed to spend on behalf of `owner` through {transferFrom}. This is
     * zero by default.
     *
     * This value changes when {approve} or {transferFrom} are called.
     */
    function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the caller's tokens.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk
     * that someone may use both the old and the new allowance by unfortunate
     * transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this race
     * condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the
     * desired value afterwards:
     * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     */
    function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from `from` to `to` using the
     * allowance mechanism. `amount` is then deducted from the caller's
     * allowance.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 amount
    ) external returns (bool);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import { AccessControl } from "../deps/oz_c_4_7_2/AccessControl.sol";
import { ERC20 } from "../deps/oz_c_4_7_2/ERC20.sol";
import { ERC20Permit } from "../deps/oz_c_4_7_2/draft-ERC20Permit.sol";
import { ERC20Votes } from "../deps/oz_c_4_7_2/ERC20Votes.sol";
import { Pausable } from "../deps/oz_c_4_7_2/Pausable.sol";

import { IIkaniERC20 } from "./interfaces/IIkaniERC20.sol";

/**
 * @title IkaniERC20
 * @author Cyborg Labs, LLC
 *
 * @notice The IKANI.AI ERC-20 utility token.
 *
 *  Has the following features:
 *    - Mintable
 *    - Burnable
 *    - Pausable
 *    - Permit
 *    - Votes
 *
 *  When paused, transfers are disabled, except for minting and burning.
 */
contract IkaniERC20 is
    ERC20,
    Pausable,
    AccessControl,
    ERC20Permit,
    ERC20Votes,
    IIkaniERC20
{
    //---------------- Constants ----------------//

    bytes32 public constant MINTER_ADMIN_ROLE = keccak256("MINTER_ADMIN_ROLE");
    bytes32 public constant MINTER_ROLE = keccak256("MINTER_ROLE");
    bytes32 public constant PAUSER_ADMIN_ROLE = keccak256("PAUSER_ADMIN_ROLE");
    bytes32 public constant PAUSER_ROLE = keccak256("PAUSER_ROLE");

    //---------------- Constructor ----------------//

    constructor(
        string memory name,
        string memory symbol,
        address admin
    )
        ERC20(name, symbol)
        ERC20Permit(name)
    {
        _grantRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE, admin);
        _grantRole(MINTER_ADMIN_ROLE, admin);
        _grantRole(PAUSER_ADMIN_ROLE, admin);

        // Define separate admins for each role. This gives us the flexibility to be able to fully
        // renounce minter or pauser capabilities independently of each other while retaining
        // the ability to separate role-granters from role-bearers.
        _setRoleAdmin(MINTER_ROLE, MINTER_ADMIN_ROLE);
        _setRoleAdmin(PAUSER_ROLE, PAUSER_ADMIN_ROLE);
    }

    //---------------- Admin-Only External Functions ----------------//

    function pause()
        external
        onlyRole(PAUSER_ROLE)
    {
        _pause();
    }

    function unpause()
        external
        onlyRole(PAUSER_ROLE)
    {
        _unpause();
    }

    function mint(
        address to,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes32 receipt,
        bytes calldata receiptData
    )
        external
        override
        onlyRole(MINTER_ROLE)
    {
        _mint(to, amount);
        emit Minted(to, amount, receipt, receiptData);
    }

    //---------------- External Functions ----------------//

    function burn(
        address from,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes32 receipt,
        bytes calldata receiptData
    )
        external
        override
    {
        require(
            msg.sender == from,
            "Not authorized to burn"
        );
        _burn(from, amount);
        emit Burned(from, amount, receipt, receiptData);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Convenience function for the specific use case of burning exactly the permit amount.
     */
    function burnWithPermit(
        address from,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes32 receipt,
        bytes calldata receiptData,
        uint256 deadline,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    )
        external
        override
    {
        permit(from, msg.sender, amount, deadline, v, r, s);
        burnFrom(from, amount, receipt, receiptData);
    }

    //---------------- Public Functions ----------------//

    function burnFrom(
        address from,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes32 receipt,
        bytes calldata receiptData
    )
        public
        override
    {
        _spendAllowance(from, msg.sender, amount);
        _burn(from, amount);
        emit Burned(from, amount, receipt, receiptData);
    }

    //---------------- Overrides ----------------//

    function _beforeTokenTransfer(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 amount
    )
        internal
        override
    {
        require(
            (
                !paused() ||
                to == address(0) ||
                from == address(0)
            ),
            "Transfers are disabled"
        );
        super._beforeTokenTransfer(from, to, amount);
    }

    //---------------- Trivial Overrides ----------------//

    function _afterTokenTransfer(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 amount
    )
        internal
        override(ERC20, ERC20Votes)
    {
        super._afterTokenTransfer(from, to, amount);
    }

    function _mint(
        address to,
        uint256 amount
    )
        internal
        override(ERC20, ERC20Votes)
    {
        super._mint(to, amount);
    }

    function _burn(
        address account,
        uint256 amount
    )
        internal
        override(ERC20, ERC20Votes)
    {
        super._burn(account, amount);
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (access/AccessControl.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./IAccessControl.sol";
import "./Context.sol";
import "./Strings.sol";
import "./ERC165.sol";

/**
 * @dev Contract module that allows children to implement role-based access
 * control mechanisms. This is a lightweight version that doesn't allow enumerating role
 * members except through off-chain means by accessing the contract event logs. Some
 * applications may benefit from on-chain enumerability, for those cases see
 * {AccessControlEnumerable}.
 *
 * Roles are referred to by their `bytes32` identifier. These should be exposed
 * in the external API and be unique. The best way to achieve this is by
 * using `public constant` hash digests:
 *
 * ```
 * bytes32 public constant MY_ROLE = keccak256("MY_ROLE");
 * ```
 *
 * Roles can be used to represent a set of permissions. To restrict access to a
 * function call, use {hasRole}:
 *
 * ```
 * function foo() public {
 *     require(hasRole(MY_ROLE, msg.sender));
 *     ...
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * Roles can be granted and revoked dynamically via the {grantRole} and
 * {revokeRole} functions. Each role has an associated admin role, and only
 * accounts that have a role's admin role can call {grantRole} and {revokeRole}.
 *
 * By default, the admin role for all roles is `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE`, which means
 * that only accounts with this role will be able to grant or revoke other
 * roles. More complex role relationships can be created by using
 * {_setRoleAdmin}.
 *
 * WARNING: The `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` is also its own admin: it has permission to
 * grant and revoke this role. Extra precautions should be taken to secure
 * accounts that have been granted it.
 */
abstract contract AccessControl is Context, IAccessControl, ERC165 {
    struct RoleData {
        mapping(address => bool) members;
        bytes32 adminRole;
    }

    mapping(bytes32 => RoleData) private _roles;

    bytes32 public constant DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE = 0x00;

    /**
     * @dev Modifier that checks that an account has a specific role. Reverts
     * with a standardized message including the required role.
     *
     * The format of the revert reason is given by the following regular expression:
     *
     *  /^AccessControl: account (0x[0-9a-f]{40}) is missing role (0x[0-9a-f]{64})$/
     *
     * _Available since v4.1._
     */
    modifier onlyRole(bytes32 role) {
        _checkRole(role);
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return interfaceId == type(IAccessControl).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns `true` if `account` has been granted `role`.
     */
    function hasRole(bytes32 role, address account) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return _roles[role].members[account];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Revert with a standard message if `_msgSender()` is missing `role`.
     * Overriding this function changes the behavior of the {onlyRole} modifier.
     *
     * Format of the revert message is described in {_checkRole}.
     *
     * _Available since v4.6._
     */
    function _checkRole(bytes32 role) internal view virtual {
        _checkRole(role, _msgSender());
    }

    /**
     * @dev Revert with a standard message if `account` is missing `role`.
     *
     * The format of the revert reason is given by the following regular expression:
     *
     *  /^AccessControl: account (0x[0-9a-f]{40}) is missing role (0x[0-9a-f]{64})$/
     */
    function _checkRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal view virtual {
        if (!hasRole(role, account)) {
            revert(
                string(
                    abi.encodePacked(
                        "AccessControl: account ",
                        Strings.toHexString(uint160(account), 20),
                        " is missing role ",
                        Strings.toHexString(uint256(role), 32)
                    )
                )
            );
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the admin role that controls `role`. See {grantRole} and
     * {revokeRole}.
     *
     * To change a role's admin, use {_setRoleAdmin}.
     */
    function getRoleAdmin(bytes32 role) public view virtual override returns (bytes32) {
        return _roles[role].adminRole;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Grants `role` to `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had not been already granted `role`, emits a {RoleGranted}
     * event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role.
     *
     * May emit a {RoleGranted} event.
     */
    function grantRole(bytes32 role, address account) public virtual override onlyRole(getRoleAdmin(role)) {
        _grantRole(role, account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Revokes `role` from `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had been granted `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role.
     *
     * May emit a {RoleRevoked} event.
     */
    function revokeRole(bytes32 role, address account) public virtual override onlyRole(getRoleAdmin(role)) {
        _revokeRole(role, account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Revokes `role` from the calling account.
     *
     * Roles are often managed via {grantRole} and {revokeRole}: this function's
     * purpose is to provide a mechanism for accounts to lose their privileges
     * if they are compromised (such as when a trusted device is misplaced).
     *
     * If the calling account had been revoked `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked}
     * event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must be `account`.
     *
     * May emit a {RoleRevoked} event.
     */
    function renounceRole(bytes32 role, address account) public virtual override {
        require(account == _msgSender(), "AccessControl: can only renounce roles for self");

        _revokeRole(role, account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Grants `role` to `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had not been already granted `role`, emits a {RoleGranted}
     * event. Note that unlike {grantRole}, this function doesn't perform any
     * checks on the calling account.
     *
     * May emit a {RoleGranted} event.
     *
     * [WARNING]
     * ====
     * This function should only be called from the constructor when setting
     * up the initial roles for the system.
     *
     * Using this function in any other way is effectively circumventing the admin
     * system imposed by {AccessControl}.
     * ====
     *
     * NOTE: This function is deprecated in favor of {_grantRole}.
     */
    function _setupRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal virtual {
        _grantRole(role, account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Sets `adminRole` as ``role``'s admin role.
     *
     * Emits a {RoleAdminChanged} event.
     */
    function _setRoleAdmin(bytes32 role, bytes32 adminRole) internal virtual {
        bytes32 previousAdminRole = getRoleAdmin(role);
        _roles[role].adminRole = adminRole;
        emit RoleAdminChanged(role, previousAdminRole, adminRole);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Grants `role` to `account`.
     *
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     *
     * May emit a {RoleGranted} event.
     */
    function _grantRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal virtual {
        if (!hasRole(role, account)) {
            _roles[role].members[account] = true;
            emit RoleGranted(role, account, _msgSender());
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Revokes `role` from `account`.
     *
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     *
     * May emit a {RoleRevoked} event.
     */
    function _revokeRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal virtual {
        if (hasRole(role, account)) {
            _roles[role].members[account] = false;
            emit RoleRevoked(role, account, _msgSender());
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (token/ERC20/ERC20.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./IERC20.sol";
import "./IERC20Metadata.sol";
import "./Context.sol";

/**
 * @dev Implementation of the {IERC20} interface.
 *
 * This implementation is agnostic to the way tokens are created. This means
 * that a supply mechanism has to be added in a derived contract using {_mint}.
 * For a generic mechanism see {ERC20PresetMinterPauser}.
 *
 * TIP: For a detailed writeup see our guide
 * https://forum.zeppelin.solutions/t/how-to-implement-erc20-supply-mechanisms/226[How
 * to implement supply mechanisms].
 *
 * We have followed general OpenZeppelin Contracts guidelines: functions revert
 * instead returning `false` on failure. This behavior is nonetheless
 * conventional and does not conflict with the expectations of ERC20
 * applications.
 *
 * Additionally, an {Approval} event is emitted on calls to {transferFrom}.
 * This allows applications to reconstruct the allowance for all accounts just
 * by listening to said events. Other implementations of the EIP may not emit
 * these events, as it isn't required by the specification.
 *
 * Finally, the non-standard {decreaseAllowance} and {increaseAllowance}
 * functions have been added to mitigate the well-known issues around setting
 * allowances. See {IERC20-approve}.
 */
contract ERC20 is Context, IERC20, IERC20Metadata {
    mapping(address => uint256) private _balances;

    mapping(address => mapping(address => uint256)) private _allowances;

    uint256 private _totalSupply;

    string private _name;
    string private _symbol;

    /**
     * @dev Sets the values for {name} and {symbol}.
     *
     * The default value of {decimals} is 18. To select a different value for
     * {decimals} you should overload it.
     *
     * All two of these values are immutable: they can only be set once during
     * construction.
     */
    constructor(string memory name_, string memory symbol_) {
        _name = name_;
        _symbol = symbol_;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the name of the token.
     */
    function name() public view virtual override returns (string memory) {
        return _name;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the symbol of the token, usually a shorter version of the
     * name.
     */
    function symbol() public view virtual override returns (string memory) {
        return _symbol;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of decimals used to get its user representation.
     * For example, if `decimals` equals `2`, a balance of `505` tokens should
     * be displayed to a user as `5.05` (`505 / 10 ** 2`).
     *
     * Tokens usually opt for a value of 18, imitating the relationship between
     * Ether and Wei. This is the value {ERC20} uses, unless this function is
     * overridden;
     *
     * NOTE: This information is only used for _display_ purposes: it in
     * no way affects any of the arithmetic of the contract, including
     * {IERC20-balanceOf} and {IERC20-transfer}.
     */
    function decimals() public view virtual override returns (uint8) {
        return 18;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-totalSupply}.
     */
    function totalSupply() public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        return _totalSupply;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-balanceOf}.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        return _balances[account];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-transfer}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - the caller must have a balance of at least `amount`.
     */
    function transfer(address to, uint256 amount) public virtual override returns (bool) {
        address owner = _msgSender();
        _transfer(owner, to, amount);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-allowance}.
     */
    function allowance(address owner, address spender) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        return _allowances[owner][spender];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-approve}.
     *
     * NOTE: If `amount` is the maximum `uint256`, the allowance is not updated on
     * `transferFrom`. This is semantically equivalent to an infinite approval.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     */
    function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) public virtual override returns (bool) {
        address owner = _msgSender();
        _approve(owner, spender, amount);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-transferFrom}.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event indicating the updated allowance. This is not
     * required by the EIP. See the note at the beginning of {ERC20}.
     *
     * NOTE: Does not update the allowance if the current allowance
     * is the maximum `uint256`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` and `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `from` must have a balance of at least `amount`.
     * - the caller must have allowance for ``from``'s tokens of at least
     * `amount`.
     */
    function transferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 amount
    ) public virtual override returns (bool) {
        address spender = _msgSender();
        _spendAllowance(from, spender, amount);
        _transfer(from, to, amount);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Atomically increases the allowance granted to `spender` by the caller.
     *
     * This is an alternative to {approve} that can be used as a mitigation for
     * problems described in {IERC20-approve}.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event indicating the updated allowance.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     */
    function increaseAllowance(address spender, uint256 addedValue) public virtual returns (bool) {
        address owner = _msgSender();
        _approve(owner, spender, allowance(owner, spender) + addedValue);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Atomically decreases the allowance granted to `spender` by the caller.
     *
     * This is an alternative to {approve} that can be used as a mitigation for
     * problems described in {IERC20-approve}.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event indicating the updated allowance.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `spender` must have allowance for the caller of at least
     * `subtractedValue`.
     */
    function decreaseAllowance(address spender, uint256 subtractedValue) public virtual returns (bool) {
        address owner = _msgSender();
        uint256 currentAllowance = allowance(owner, spender);
        require(currentAllowance >= subtractedValue, "ERC20: decreased allowance below zero");
        unchecked {
            _approve(owner, spender, currentAllowance - subtractedValue);
        }

        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Moves `amount` of tokens from `from` to `to`.
     *
     * This internal function is equivalent to {transfer}, and can be used to
     * e.g. implement automatic token fees, slashing mechanisms, etc.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `from` must have a balance of at least `amount`.
     */
    function _transfer(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 amount
    ) internal virtual {
        require(from != address(0), "ERC20: transfer from the zero address");
        require(to != address(0), "ERC20: transfer to the zero address");

        _beforeTokenTransfer(from, to, amount);

        uint256 fromBalance = _balances[from];
        require(fromBalance >= amount, "ERC20: transfer amount exceeds balance");
        unchecked {
            _balances[from] = fromBalance - amount;
        }
        _balances[to] += amount;

        emit Transfer(from, to, amount);

        _afterTokenTransfer(from, to, amount);
    }

    /** @dev Creates `amount` tokens and assigns them to `account`, increasing
     * the total supply.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event with `from` set to the zero address.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `account` cannot be the zero address.
     */
    function _mint(address account, uint256 amount) internal virtual {
        require(account != address(0), "ERC20: mint to the zero address");

        _beforeTokenTransfer(address(0), account, amount);

        _totalSupply += amount;
        _balances[account] += amount;
        emit Transfer(address(0), account, amount);

        _afterTokenTransfer(address(0), account, amount);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Destroys `amount` tokens from `account`, reducing the
     * total supply.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event with `to` set to the zero address.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `account` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `account` must have at least `amount` tokens.
     */
    function _burn(address account, uint256 amount) internal virtual {
        require(account != address(0), "ERC20: burn from the zero address");

        _beforeTokenTransfer(account, address(0), amount);

        uint256 accountBalance = _balances[account];
        require(accountBalance >= amount, "ERC20: burn amount exceeds balance");
        unchecked {
            _balances[account] = accountBalance - amount;
        }
        _totalSupply -= amount;

        emit Transfer(account, address(0), amount);

        _afterTokenTransfer(account, address(0), amount);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the `owner` s tokens.
     *
     * This internal function is equivalent to `approve`, and can be used to
     * e.g. set automatic allowances for certain subsystems, etc.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `owner` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     */
    function _approve(
        address owner,
        address spender,
        uint256 amount
    ) internal virtual {
        require(owner != address(0), "ERC20: approve from the zero address");
        require(spender != address(0), "ERC20: approve to the zero address");

        _allowances[owner][spender] = amount;
        emit Approval(owner, spender, amount);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Updates `owner` s allowance for `spender` based on spent `amount`.
     *
     * Does not update the allowance amount in case of infinite allowance.
     * Revert if not enough allowance is available.
     *
     * Might emit an {Approval} event.
     */
    function _spendAllowance(
        address owner,
        address spender,
        uint256 amount
    ) internal virtual {
        uint256 currentAllowance = allowance(owner, spender);
        if (currentAllowance != type(uint256).max) {
            require(currentAllowance >= amount, "ERC20: insufficient allowance");
            unchecked {
                _approve(owner, spender, currentAllowance - amount);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Hook that is called before any transfer of tokens. This includes
     * minting and burning.
     *
     * Calling conditions:
     *
     * - when `from` and `to` are both non-zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens
     * will be transferred to `to`.
     * - when `from` is zero, `amount` tokens will be minted for `to`.
     * - when `to` is zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens will be burned.
     * - `from` and `to` are never both zero.
     *
     * To learn more about hooks, head to xref:ROOT:extending-contracts.adoc#using-hooks[Using Hooks].
     */
    function _beforeTokenTransfer(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 amount
    ) internal virtual {}

    /**
     * @dev Hook that is called after any transfer of tokens. This includes
     * minting and burning.
     *
     * Calling conditions:
     *
     * - when `from` and `to` are both non-zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens
     * has been transferred to `to`.
     * - when `from` is zero, `amount` tokens have been minted for `to`.
     * - when `to` is zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens have been burned.
     * - `from` and `to` are never both zero.
     *
     * To learn more about hooks, head to xref:ROOT:extending-contracts.adoc#using-hooks[Using Hooks].
     */
    function _afterTokenTransfer(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 amount
    ) internal virtual {}
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.6.0) (token/ERC20/extensions/draft-ERC20Permit.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./draft-IERC20Permit.sol";
import "./ERC20.sol";
import "./draft-EIP712.sol";
import "./ECDSA.sol";
import "./Counters.sol";

/**
 * @dev Implementation of the ERC20 Permit extension allowing approvals to be made via signatures, as defined in
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612[EIP-2612].
 *
 * Adds the {permit} method, which can be used to change an account's ERC20 allowance (see {IERC20-allowance}) by
 * presenting a message signed by the account. By not relying on `{IERC20-approve}`, the token holder account doesn't
 * need to send a transaction, and thus is not required to hold Ether at all.
 *
 * _Available since v3.4._
 */
abstract contract ERC20Permit is ERC20, IERC20Permit, EIP712 {
    using Counters for Counters.Counter;

    mapping(address => Counters.Counter) private _nonces;

    // solhint-disable-next-line var-name-mixedcase
    bytes32 private constant _PERMIT_TYPEHASH =
        keccak256("Permit(address owner,address spender,uint256 value,uint256 nonce,uint256 deadline)");
    /**
     * @dev In previous versions `_PERMIT_TYPEHASH` was declared as `immutable`.
     * However, to ensure consistency with the upgradeable transpiler, we will continue
     * to reserve a slot.
     * @custom:oz-renamed-from _PERMIT_TYPEHASH
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line var-name-mixedcase
    bytes32 private _PERMIT_TYPEHASH_DEPRECATED_SLOT;

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the {EIP712} domain separator using the `name` parameter, and setting `version` to `"1"`.
     *
     * It's a good idea to use the same `name` that is defined as the ERC20 token name.
     */
    constructor(string memory name) EIP712(name, "1") {}

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20Permit-permit}.
     */
    function permit(
        address owner,
        address spender,
        uint256 value,
        uint256 deadline,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) public virtual override {
        require(block.timestamp <= deadline, "ERC20Permit: expired deadline");

        bytes32 structHash = keccak256(abi.encode(_PERMIT_TYPEHASH, owner, spender, value, _useNonce(owner), deadline));

        bytes32 hash = _hashTypedDataV4(structHash);

        address signer = ECDSA.recover(hash, v, r, s);
        require(signer == owner, "ERC20Permit: invalid signature");

        _approve(owner, spender, value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20Permit-nonces}.
     */
    function nonces(address owner) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        return _nonces[owner].current();
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20Permit-DOMAIN_SEPARATOR}.
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function DOMAIN_SEPARATOR() external view override returns (bytes32) {
        return _domainSeparatorV4();
    }

    /**
     * @dev "Consume a nonce": return the current value and increment.
     *
     * _Available since v4.1._
     */
    function _useNonce(address owner) internal virtual returns (uint256 current) {
        Counters.Counter storage nonce = _nonces[owner];
        current = nonce.current();
        nonce.increment();
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.5.0) (token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20Votes.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./draft-ERC20Permit.sol";
import "./Math.sol";
import "./IVotes.sol";
import "./SafeCast.sol";
import "./ECDSA.sol";

/**
 * @dev Extension of ERC20 to support Compound-like voting and delegation. This version is more generic than Compound's,
 * and supports token supply up to 2^224^ - 1, while COMP is limited to 2^96^ - 1.
 *
 * NOTE: If exact COMP compatibility is required, use the {ERC20VotesComp} variant of this module.
 *
 * This extension keeps a history (checkpoints) of each account's vote power. Vote power can be delegated either
 * by calling the {delegate} function directly, or by providing a signature to be used with {delegateBySig}. Voting
 * power can be queried through the public accessors {getVotes} and {getPastVotes}.
 *
 * By default, token balance does not account for voting power. This makes transfers cheaper. The downside is that it
 * requires users to delegate to themselves in order to activate checkpoints and have their voting power tracked.
 *
 * _Available since v4.2._
 */
abstract contract ERC20Votes is IVotes, ERC20Permit {
    struct Checkpoint {
        uint32 fromBlock;
        uint224 votes;
    }

    bytes32 private constant _DELEGATION_TYPEHASH =
        keccak256("Delegation(address delegatee,uint256 nonce,uint256 expiry)");

    mapping(address => address) private _delegates;
    mapping(address => Checkpoint[]) private _checkpoints;
    Checkpoint[] private _totalSupplyCheckpoints;

    /**
     * @dev Get the `pos`-th checkpoint for `account`.
     */
    function checkpoints(address account, uint32 pos) public view virtual returns (Checkpoint memory) {
        return _checkpoints[account][pos];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Get number of checkpoints for `account`.
     */
    function numCheckpoints(address account) public view virtual returns (uint32) {
        return SafeCast.toUint32(_checkpoints[account].length);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Get the address `account` is currently delegating to.
     */
    function delegates(address account) public view virtual override returns (address) {
        return _delegates[account];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Gets the current votes balance for `account`
     */
    function getVotes(address account) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        uint256 pos = _checkpoints[account].length;
        return pos == 0 ? 0 : _checkpoints[account][pos - 1].votes;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Retrieve the number of votes for `account` at the end of `blockNumber`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `blockNumber` must have been already mined
     */
    function getPastVotes(address account, uint256 blockNumber) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        require(blockNumber < block.number, "ERC20Votes: block not yet mined");
        return _checkpointsLookup(_checkpoints[account], blockNumber);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Retrieve the `totalSupply` at the end of `blockNumber`. Note, this value is the sum of all balances.
     * It is but NOT the sum of all the delegated votes!
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `blockNumber` must have been already mined
     */
    function getPastTotalSupply(uint256 blockNumber) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        require(blockNumber < block.number, "ERC20Votes: block not yet mined");
        return _checkpointsLookup(_totalSupplyCheckpoints, blockNumber);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Lookup a value in a list of (sorted) checkpoints.
     */
    function _checkpointsLookup(Checkpoint[] storage ckpts, uint256 blockNumber) private view returns (uint256) {
        // We run a binary search to look for the earliest checkpoint taken after `blockNumber`.
        //
        // During the loop, the index of the wanted checkpoint remains in the range [low-1, high).
        // With each iteration, either `low` or `high` is moved towards the middle of the range to maintain the invariant.
        // - If the middle checkpoint is after `blockNumber`, we look in [low, mid)
        // - If the middle checkpoint is before or equal to `blockNumber`, we look in [mid+1, high)
        // Once we reach a single value (when low == high), we've found the right checkpoint at the index high-1, if not
        // out of bounds (in which case we're looking too far in the past and the result is 0).
        // Note that if the latest checkpoint available is exactly for `blockNumber`, we end up with an index that is
        // past the end of the array, so we technically don't find a checkpoint after `blockNumber`, but it works out
        // the same.
        uint256 high = ckpts.length;
        uint256 low = 0;
        while (low < high) {
            uint256 mid = Math.average(low, high);
            if (ckpts[mid].fromBlock > blockNumber) {
                high = mid;
            } else {
                low = mid + 1;
            }
        }

        return high == 0 ? 0 : ckpts[high - 1].votes;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Delegate votes from the sender to `delegatee`.
     */
    function delegate(address delegatee) public virtual override {
        _delegate(_msgSender(), delegatee);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Delegates votes from signer to `delegatee`
     */
    function delegateBySig(
        address delegatee,
        uint256 nonce,
        uint256 expiry,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) public virtual override {
        require(block.timestamp <= expiry, "ERC20Votes: signature expired");
        address signer = ECDSA.recover(
            _hashTypedDataV4(keccak256(abi.encode(_DELEGATION_TYPEHASH, delegatee, nonce, expiry))),
            v,
            r,
            s
        );
        require(nonce == _useNonce(signer), "ERC20Votes: invalid nonce");
        _delegate(signer, delegatee);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Maximum token supply. Defaults to `type(uint224).max` (2^224^ - 1).
     */
    function _maxSupply() internal view virtual returns (uint224) {
        return type(uint224).max;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Snapshots the totalSupply after it has been increased.
     */
    function _mint(address account, uint256 amount) internal virtual override {
        super._mint(account, amount);
        require(totalSupply() <= _maxSupply(), "ERC20Votes: total supply risks overflowing votes");

        _writeCheckpoint(_totalSupplyCheckpoints, _add, amount);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Snapshots the totalSupply after it has been decreased.
     */
    function _burn(address account, uint256 amount) internal virtual override {
        super._burn(account, amount);

        _writeCheckpoint(_totalSupplyCheckpoints, _subtract, amount);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Move voting power when tokens are transferred.
     *
     * Emits a {DelegateVotesChanged} event.
     */
    function _afterTokenTransfer(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 amount
    ) internal virtual override {
        super._afterTokenTransfer(from, to, amount);

        _moveVotingPower(delegates(from), delegates(to), amount);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Change delegation for `delegator` to `delegatee`.
     *
     * Emits events {DelegateChanged} and {DelegateVotesChanged}.
     */
    function _delegate(address delegator, address delegatee) internal virtual {
        address currentDelegate = delegates(delegator);
        uint256 delegatorBalance = balanceOf(delegator);
        _delegates[delegator] = delegatee;

        emit DelegateChanged(delegator, currentDelegate, delegatee);

        _moveVotingPower(currentDelegate, delegatee, delegatorBalance);
    }

    function _moveVotingPower(
        address src,
        address dst,
        uint256 amount
    ) private {
        if (src != dst && amount > 0) {
            if (src != address(0)) {
                (uint256 oldWeight, uint256 newWeight) = _writeCheckpoint(_checkpoints[src], _subtract, amount);
                emit DelegateVotesChanged(src, oldWeight, newWeight);
            }

            if (dst != address(0)) {
                (uint256 oldWeight, uint256 newWeight) = _writeCheckpoint(_checkpoints[dst], _add, amount);
                emit DelegateVotesChanged(dst, oldWeight, newWeight);
            }
        }
    }

    function _writeCheckpoint(
        Checkpoint[] storage ckpts,
        function(uint256, uint256) view returns (uint256) op,
        uint256 delta
    ) private returns (uint256 oldWeight, uint256 newWeight) {
        uint256 pos = ckpts.length;
        oldWeight = pos == 0 ? 0 : ckpts[pos - 1].votes;
        newWeight = op(oldWeight, delta);

        if (pos > 0 && ckpts[pos - 1].fromBlock == block.number) {
            ckpts[pos - 1].votes = SafeCast.toUint224(newWeight);
        } else {
            ckpts.push(Checkpoint({fromBlock: SafeCast.toUint32(block.number), votes: SafeCast.toUint224(newWeight)}));
        }
    }

    function _add(uint256 a, uint256 b) private pure returns (uint256) {
        return a + b;
    }

    function _subtract(uint256 a, uint256 b) private pure returns (uint256) {
        return a - b;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (security/Pausable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./Context.sol";

/**
 * @dev Contract module which allows children to implement an emergency stop
 * mechanism that can be triggered by an authorized account.
 *
 * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the
 * modifiers `whenNotPaused` and `whenPaused`, which can be applied to
 * the functions of your contract. Note that they will not be pausable by
 * simply including this module, only once the modifiers are put in place.
 */
abstract contract Pausable is Context {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the pause is triggered by `account`.
     */
    event Paused(address account);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the pause is lifted by `account`.
     */
    event Unpaused(address account);

    bool private _paused;

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract in unpaused state.
     */
    constructor() {
        _paused = false;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Modifier to make a function callable only when the contract is not paused.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The contract must not be paused.
     */
    modifier whenNotPaused() {
        _requireNotPaused();
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Modifier to make a function callable only when the contract is paused.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The contract must be paused.
     */
    modifier whenPaused() {
        _requirePaused();
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the contract is paused, and false otherwise.
     */
    function paused() public view virtual returns (bool) {
        return _paused;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if the contract is paused.
     */
    function _requireNotPaused() internal view virtual {
        require(!paused(), "Pausable: paused");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if the contract is not paused.
     */
    function _requirePaused() internal view virtual {
        require(paused(), "Pausable: not paused");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Triggers stopped state.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The contract must not be paused.
     */
    function _pause() internal virtual whenNotPaused {
        _paused = true;
        emit Paused(_msgSender());
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns to normal state.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The contract must be paused.
     */
    function _unpause() internal virtual whenPaused {
        _paused = false;
        emit Unpaused(_msgSender());
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (access/IAccessControl.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev External interface of AccessControl declared to support ERC165 detection.
 */
interface IAccessControl {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `newAdminRole` is set as ``role``'s admin role, replacing `previousAdminRole`
     *
     * `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` is the starting admin for all roles, despite
     * {RoleAdminChanged} not being emitted signaling this.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    event RoleAdminChanged(bytes32 indexed role, bytes32 indexed previousAdminRole, bytes32 indexed newAdminRole);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `account` is granted `role`.
     *
     * `sender` is the account that originated the contract call, an admin role
     * bearer except when using {AccessControl-_setupRole}.
     */
    event RoleGranted(bytes32 indexed role, address indexed account, address indexed sender);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `account` is revoked `role`.
     *
     * `sender` is the account that originated the contract call:
     *   - if using `revokeRole`, it is the admin role bearer
     *   - if using `renounceRole`, it is the role bearer (i.e. `account`)
     */
    event RoleRevoked(bytes32 indexed role, address indexed account, address indexed sender);

    /**
     * @dev Returns `true` if `account` has been granted `role`.
     */
    function hasRole(bytes32 role, address account) external view returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the admin role that controls `role`. See {grantRole} and
     * {revokeRole}.
     *
     * To change a role's admin, use {AccessControl-_setRoleAdmin}.
     */
    function getRoleAdmin(bytes32 role) external view returns (bytes32);

    /**
     * @dev Grants `role` to `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had not been already granted `role`, emits a {RoleGranted}
     * event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role.
     */
    function grantRole(bytes32 role, address account) external;

    /**
     * @dev Revokes `role` from `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had been granted `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role.
     */
    function revokeRole(bytes32 role, address account) external;

    /**
     * @dev Revokes `role` from the calling account.
     *
     * Roles are often managed via {grantRole} and {revokeRole}: this function's
     * purpose is to provide a mechanism for accounts to lose their privileges
     * if they are compromised (such as when a trusted device is misplaced).
     *
     * If the calling account had been granted `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked}
     * event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must be `account`.
     */
    function renounceRole(bytes32 role, address account) external;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/Context.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
 * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
 * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
 * manner, since when dealing with meta-transactions the account sending and
 * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
 * is concerned).
 *
 * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
 */
abstract contract Context {
    function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address) {
        return msg.sender;
    }

    function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes calldata) {
        return msg.data;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (utils/Strings.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev String operations.
 */
library Strings {
    bytes16 private constant _HEX_SYMBOLS = "0123456789abcdef";
    uint8 private constant _ADDRESS_LENGTH = 20;

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.
     */
    function toString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        // Inspired by OraclizeAPI's implementation - MIT licence
        // https://github.com/oraclize/ethereum-api/blob/b42146b063c7d6ee1358846c198246239e9360e8/oraclizeAPI_0.4.25.sol

        if (value == 0) {
            return "0";
        }
        uint256 temp = value;
        uint256 digits;
        while (temp != 0) {
            digits++;
            temp /= 10;
        }
        bytes memory buffer = new bytes(digits);
        while (value != 0) {
            digits -= 1;
            buffer[digits] = bytes1(uint8(48 + uint256(value % 10)));
            value /= 10;
        }
        return string(buffer);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        if (value == 0) {
            return "0x00";
        }
        uint256 temp = value;
        uint256 length = 0;
        while (temp != 0) {
            length++;
            temp >>= 8;
        }
        return toHexString(value, length);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation with fixed length.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value, uint256 length) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        bytes memory buffer = new bytes(2 * length + 2);
        buffer[0] = "0";
        buffer[1] = "x";
        for (uint256 i = 2 * length + 1; i > 1; --i) {
            buffer[i] = _HEX_SYMBOLS[value & 0xf];
            value >>= 4;
        }
        require(value == 0, "Strings: hex length insufficient");
        return string(buffer);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts an `address` with fixed length of 20 bytes to its not checksummed ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.
     */
    function toHexString(address addr) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        return toHexString(uint256(uint160(addr)), _ADDRESS_LENGTH);
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/introspection/ERC165.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./IERC165.sol";

/**
 * @dev Implementation of the {IERC165} interface.
 *
 * Contracts that want to implement ERC165 should inherit from this contract and override {supportsInterface} to check
 * for the additional interface id that will be supported. For example:
 *
 * ```solidity
 * function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
 *     return interfaceId == type(MyInterface).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * Alternatively, {ERC165Storage} provides an easier to use but more expensive implementation.
 */
abstract contract ERC165 is IERC165 {
    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return interfaceId == type(IERC165).interfaceId;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/introspection/IERC165.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC165 standard, as defined in the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165[EIP].
 *
 * Implementers can declare support of contract interfaces, which can then be
 * queried by others ({ERC165Checker}).
 *
 * For an implementation, see {ERC165}.
 */
interface IERC165 {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if this contract implements the interface defined by
     * `interfaceId`. See the corresponding
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165#how-interfaces-are-identified[EIP section]
     * to learn more about how these ids are created.
     *
     * This function call must use less than 30 000 gas.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) external view returns (bool);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./IERC20.sol";

/**
 * @dev Interface for the optional metadata functions from the ERC20 standard.
 *
 * _Available since v4.1._
 */
interface IERC20Metadata is IERC20 {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the name of the token.
     */
    function name() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the symbol of the token.
     */
    function symbol() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the decimals places of the token.
     */
    function decimals() external view returns (uint8);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (token/ERC20/extensions/draft-IERC20Permit.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC20 Permit extension allowing approvals to be made via signatures, as defined in
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612[EIP-2612].
 *
 * Adds the {permit} method, which can be used to change an account's ERC20 allowance (see {IERC20-allowance}) by
 * presenting a message signed by the account. By not relying on {IERC20-approve}, the token holder account doesn't
 * need to send a transaction, and thus is not required to hold Ether at all.
 */
interface IERC20Permit {
    /**
     * @dev Sets `value` as the allowance of `spender` over ``owner``'s tokens,
     * given ``owner``'s signed approval.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: The same issues {IERC20-approve} has related to transaction
     * ordering also apply here.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `deadline` must be a timestamp in the future.
     * - `v`, `r` and `s` must be a valid `secp256k1` signature from `owner`
     * over the EIP712-formatted function arguments.
     * - the signature must use ``owner``'s current nonce (see {nonces}).
     *
     * For more information on the signature format, see the
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612#specification[relevant EIP
     * section].
     */
    function permit(
        address owner,
        address spender,
        uint256 value,
        uint256 deadline,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) external;

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current nonce for `owner`. This value must be
     * included whenever a signature is generated for {permit}.
     *
     * Every successful call to {permit} increases ``owner``'s nonce by one. This
     * prevents a signature from being used multiple times.
     */
    function nonces(address owner) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the domain separator used in the encoding of the signature for {permit}, as defined by {EIP712}.
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function DOMAIN_SEPARATOR() external view returns (bytes32);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/cryptography/draft-EIP712.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./ECDSA.sol";

/**
 * @dev https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712[EIP 712] is a standard for hashing and signing of typed structured data.
 *
 * The encoding specified in the EIP is very generic, and such a generic implementation in Solidity is not feasible,
 * thus this contract does not implement the encoding itself. Protocols need to implement the type-specific encoding
 * they need in their contracts using a combination of `abi.encode` and `keccak256`.
 *
 * This contract implements the EIP 712 domain separator ({_domainSeparatorV4}) that is used as part of the encoding
 * scheme, and the final step of the encoding to obtain the message digest that is then signed via ECDSA
 * ({_hashTypedDataV4}).
 *
 * The implementation of the domain separator was designed to be as efficient as possible while still properly updating
 * the chain id to protect against replay attacks on an eventual fork of the chain.
 *
 * NOTE: This contract implements the version of the encoding known as "v4", as implemented by the JSON RPC method
 * https://docs.metamask.io/guide/signing-data.html[`eth_signTypedDataV4` in MetaMask].
 *
 * _Available since v3.4._
 */
abstract contract EIP712 {
    /* solhint-disable var-name-mixedcase */
    // Cache the domain separator as an immutable value, but also store the chain id that it corresponds to, in order to
    // invalidate the cached domain separator if the chain id changes.
    bytes32 private immutable _CACHED_DOMAIN_SEPARATOR;
    uint256 private immutable _CACHED_CHAIN_ID;
    address private immutable _CACHED_THIS;

    bytes32 private immutable _HASHED_NAME;
    bytes32 private immutable _HASHED_VERSION;
    bytes32 private immutable _TYPE_HASH;

    /* solhint-enable var-name-mixedcase */

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the domain separator and parameter caches.
     *
     * The meaning of `name` and `version` is specified in
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712#definition-of-domainseparator[EIP 712]:
     *
     * - `name`: the user readable name of the signing domain, i.e. the name of the DApp or the protocol.
     * - `version`: the current major version of the signing domain.
     *
     * NOTE: These parameters cannot be changed except through a xref:learn::upgrading-smart-contracts.adoc[smart
     * contract upgrade].
     */
    constructor(string memory name, string memory version) {
        bytes32 hashedName = keccak256(bytes(name));
        bytes32 hashedVersion = keccak256(bytes(version));
        bytes32 typeHash = keccak256(
            "EIP712Domain(string name,string version,uint256 chainId,address verifyingContract)"
        );
        _HASHED_NAME = hashedName;
        _HASHED_VERSION = hashedVersion;
        _CACHED_CHAIN_ID = block.chainid;
        _CACHED_DOMAIN_SEPARATOR = _buildDomainSeparator(typeHash, hashedName, hashedVersion);
        _CACHED_THIS = address(this);
        _TYPE_HASH = typeHash;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the domain separator for the current chain.
     */
    function _domainSeparatorV4() internal view returns (bytes32) {
        if (address(this) == _CACHED_THIS && block.chainid == _CACHED_CHAIN_ID) {
            return _CACHED_DOMAIN_SEPARATOR;
        } else {
            return _buildDomainSeparator(_TYPE_HASH, _HASHED_NAME, _HASHED_VERSION);
        }
    }

    function _buildDomainSeparator(
        bytes32 typeHash,
        bytes32 nameHash,
        bytes32 versionHash
    ) private view returns (bytes32) {
        return keccak256(abi.encode(typeHash, nameHash, versionHash, block.chainid, address(this)));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Given an already https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712#definition-of-hashstruct[hashed struct], this
     * function returns the hash of the fully encoded EIP712 message for this domain.
     *
     * This hash can be used together with {ECDSA-recover} to obtain the signer of a message. For example:
     *
     * ```solidity
     * bytes32 digest = _hashTypedDataV4(keccak256(abi.encode(
     *     keccak256("Mail(address to,string contents)"),
     *     mailTo,
     *     keccak256(bytes(mailContents))
     * )));
     * address signer = ECDSA.recover(digest, signature);
     * ```
     */
    function _hashTypedDataV4(bytes32 structHash) internal view virtual returns (bytes32) {
        return ECDSA.toTypedDataHash(_domainSeparatorV4(), structHash);
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (utils/cryptography/ECDSA.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./Strings.sol";

/**
 * @dev Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA) operations.
 *
 * These functions can be used to verify that a message was signed by the holder
 * of the private keys of a given address.
 */
library ECDSA {
    enum RecoverError {
        NoError,
        InvalidSignature,
        InvalidSignatureLength,
        InvalidSignatureS,
        InvalidSignatureV
    }

    function _throwError(RecoverError error) private pure {
        if (error == RecoverError.NoError) {
            return; // no error: do nothing
        } else if (error == RecoverError.InvalidSignature) {
            revert("ECDSA: invalid signature");
        } else if (error == RecoverError.InvalidSignatureLength) {
            revert("ECDSA: invalid signature length");
        } else if (error == RecoverError.InvalidSignatureS) {
            revert("ECDSA: invalid signature 's' value");
        } else if (error == RecoverError.InvalidSignatureV) {
            revert("ECDSA: invalid signature 'v' value");
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address that signed a hashed message (`hash`) with
     * `signature` or error string. This address can then be used for verification purposes.
     *
     * The `ecrecover` EVM opcode allows for malleable (non-unique) signatures:
     * this function rejects them by requiring the `s` value to be in the lower
     * half order, and the `v` value to be either 27 or 28.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: `hash` _must_ be the result of a hash operation for the
     * verification to be secure: it is possible to craft signatures that
     * recover to arbitrary addresses for non-hashed data. A safe way to ensure
     * this is by receiving a hash of the original message (which may otherwise
     * be too long), and then calling {toEthSignedMessageHash} on it.
     *
     * Documentation for signature generation:
     * - with https://web3js.readthedocs.io/en/v1.3.4/web3-eth-accounts.html#sign[Web3.js]
     * - with https://docs.ethers.io/v5/api/signer/#Signer-signMessage[ethers]
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function tryRecover(bytes32 hash, bytes memory signature) internal pure returns (address, RecoverError) {
        // Check the signature length
        // - case 65: r,s,v signature (standard)
        // - case 64: r,vs signature (cf https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2098) _Available since v4.1._
        if (signature.length == 65) {
            bytes32 r;
            bytes32 s;
            uint8 v;
            // ecrecover takes the signature parameters, and the only way to get them
            // currently is to use assembly.
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                r := mload(add(signature, 0x20))
                s := mload(add(signature, 0x40))
                v := byte(0, mload(add(signature, 0x60)))
            }
            return tryRecover(hash, v, r, s);
        } else if (signature.length == 64) {
            bytes32 r;
            bytes32 vs;
            // ecrecover takes the signature parameters, and the only way to get them
            // currently is to use assembly.
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                r := mload(add(signature, 0x20))
                vs := mload(add(signature, 0x40))
            }
            return tryRecover(hash, r, vs);
        } else {
            return (address(0), RecoverError.InvalidSignatureLength);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address that signed a hashed message (`hash`) with
     * `signature`. This address can then be used for verification purposes.
     *
     * The `ecrecover` EVM opcode allows for malleable (non-unique) signatures:
     * this function rejects them by requiring the `s` value to be in the lower
     * half order, and the `v` value to be either 27 or 28.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: `hash` _must_ be the result of a hash operation for the
     * verification to be secure: it is possible to craft signatures that
     * recover to arbitrary addresses for non-hashed data. A safe way to ensure
     * this is by receiving a hash of the original message (which may otherwise
     * be too long), and then calling {toEthSignedMessageHash} on it.
     */
    function recover(bytes32 hash, bytes memory signature) internal pure returns (address) {
        (address recovered, RecoverError error) = tryRecover(hash, signature);
        _throwError(error);
        return recovered;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-tryRecover} that receives the `r` and `vs` short-signature fields separately.
     *
     * See https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2098[EIP-2098 short signatures]
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function tryRecover(
        bytes32 hash,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 vs
    ) internal pure returns (address, RecoverError) {
        bytes32 s = vs & bytes32(0x7fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff);
        uint8 v = uint8((uint256(vs) >> 255) + 27);
        return tryRecover(hash, v, r, s);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-recover} that receives the `r and `vs` short-signature fields separately.
     *
     * _Available since v4.2._
     */
    function recover(
        bytes32 hash,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 vs
    ) internal pure returns (address) {
        (address recovered, RecoverError error) = tryRecover(hash, r, vs);
        _throwError(error);
        return recovered;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-tryRecover} that receives the `v`,
     * `r` and `s` signature fields separately.
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function tryRecover(
        bytes32 hash,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) internal pure returns (address, RecoverError) {
        // EIP-2 still allows signature malleability for ecrecover(). Remove this possibility and make the signature
        // unique. Appendix F in the Ethereum Yellow paper (https://ethereum.github.io/yellowpaper/paper.pdf), defines
        // the valid range for s in (301): 0 < s < secp256k1n ÷ 2 + 1, and for v in (302): v ∈ {27, 28}. Most
        // signatures from current libraries generate a unique signature with an s-value in the lower half order.
        //
        // If your library generates malleable signatures, such as s-values in the upper range, calculate a new s-value
        // with 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFEBAAEDCE6AF48A03BBFD25E8CD0364141 - s1 and flip v from 27 to 28 or
        // vice versa. If your library also generates signatures with 0/1 for v instead 27/28, add 27 to v to accept
        // these malleable signatures as well.
        if (uint256(s) > 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF5D576E7357A4501DDFE92F46681B20A0) {
            return (address(0), RecoverError.InvalidSignatureS);
        }
        if (v != 27 && v != 28) {
            return (address(0), RecoverError.InvalidSignatureV);
        }

        // If the signature is valid (and not malleable), return the signer address
        address signer = ecrecover(hash, v, r, s);
        if (signer == address(0)) {
            return (address(0), RecoverError.InvalidSignature);
        }

        return (signer, RecoverError.NoError);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-recover} that receives the `v`,
     * `r` and `s` signature fields separately.
     */
    function recover(
        bytes32 hash,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) internal pure returns (address) {
        (address recovered, RecoverError error) = tryRecover(hash, v, r, s);
        _throwError(error);
        return recovered;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an Ethereum Signed Message, created from a `hash`. This
     * produces hash corresponding to the one signed with the
     * https://eth.wiki/json-rpc/API#eth_sign[`eth_sign`]
     * JSON-RPC method as part of EIP-191.
     *
     * See {recover}.
     */
    function toEthSignedMessageHash(bytes32 hash) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
        // 32 is the length in bytes of hash,
        // enforced by the type signature above
        return keccak256(abi.encodePacked("\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\n32", hash));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an Ethereum Signed Message, created from `s`. This
     * produces hash corresponding to the one signed with the
     * https://eth.wiki/json-rpc/API#eth_sign[`eth_sign`]
     * JSON-RPC method as part of EIP-191.
     *
     * See {recover}.
     */
    function toEthSignedMessageHash(bytes memory s) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
        return keccak256(abi.encodePacked("\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\n", Strings.toString(s.length), s));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an Ethereum Signed Typed Data, created from a
     * `domainSeparator` and a `structHash`. This produces hash corresponding
     * to the one signed with the
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712[`eth_signTypedData`]
     * JSON-RPC method as part of EIP-712.
     *
     * See {recover}.
     */
    function toTypedDataHash(bytes32 domainSeparator, bytes32 structHash) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
        return keccak256(abi.encodePacked("\x19\x01", domainSeparator, structHash));
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/Counters.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @title Counters
 * @author Matt Condon (@shrugs)
 * @dev Provides counters that can only be incremented, decremented or reset. This can be used e.g. to track the number
 * of elements in a mapping, issuing ERC721 ids, or counting request ids.
 *
 * Include with `using Counters for Counters.Counter;`
 */
library Counters {
    struct Counter {
        // This variable should never be directly accessed by users of the library: interactions must be restricted to
        // the library's function. As of Solidity v0.5.2, this cannot be enforced, though there is a proposal to add
        // this feature: see https://github.com/ethereum/solidity/issues/4637
        uint256 _value; // default: 0
    }

    function current(Counter storage counter) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return counter._value;
    }

    function increment(Counter storage counter) internal {
        unchecked {
            counter._value += 1;
        }
    }

    function decrement(Counter storage counter) internal {
        uint256 value = counter._value;
        require(value > 0, "Counter: decrement overflow");
        unchecked {
            counter._value = value - 1;
        }
    }

    function reset(Counter storage counter) internal {
        counter._value = 0;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (utils/math/Math.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Standard math utilities missing in the Solidity language.
 */
library Math {
    enum Rounding {
        Down, // Toward negative infinity
        Up, // Toward infinity
        Zero // Toward zero
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the largest of two numbers.
     */
    function max(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a >= b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the smallest of two numbers.
     */
    function min(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a < b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the average of two numbers. The result is rounded towards
     * zero.
     */
    function average(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // (a + b) / 2 can overflow.
        return (a & b) + (a ^ b) / 2;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the ceiling of the division of two numbers.
     *
     * This differs from standard division with `/` in that it rounds up instead
     * of rounding down.
     */
    function ceilDiv(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // (a + b - 1) / b can overflow on addition, so we distribute.
        return a == 0 ? 0 : (a - 1) / b + 1;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates floor(x * y / denominator) with full precision. Throws if result overflows a uint256 or denominator == 0
     * @dev Original credit to Remco Bloemen under MIT license (https://xn--2-umb.com/21/muldiv)
     * with further edits by Uniswap Labs also under MIT license.
     */
    function mulDiv(
        uint256 x,
        uint256 y,
        uint256 denominator
    ) internal pure returns (uint256 result) {
        unchecked {
            // 512-bit multiply [prod1 prod0] = x * y. Compute the product mod 2^256 and mod 2^256 - 1, then use
            // use the Chinese Remainder Theorem to reconstruct the 512 bit result. The result is stored in two 256
            // variables such that product = prod1 * 2^256 + prod0.
            uint256 prod0; // Least significant 256 bits of the product
            uint256 prod1; // Most significant 256 bits of the product
            assembly {
                let mm := mulmod(x, y, not(0))
                prod0 := mul(x, y)
                prod1 := sub(sub(mm, prod0), lt(mm, prod0))
            }

            // Handle non-overflow cases, 256 by 256 division.
            if (prod1 == 0) {
                return prod0 / denominator;
            }

            // Make sure the result is less than 2^256. Also prevents denominator == 0.
            require(denominator > prod1);

            ///////////////////////////////////////////////
            // 512 by 256 division.
            ///////////////////////////////////////////////

            // Make division exact by subtracting the remainder from [prod1 prod0].
            uint256 remainder;
            assembly {
                // Compute remainder using mulmod.
                remainder := mulmod(x, y, denominator)

                // Subtract 256 bit number from 512 bit number.
                prod1 := sub(prod1, gt(remainder, prod0))
                prod0 := sub(prod0, remainder)
            }

            // Factor powers of two out of denominator and compute largest power of two divisor of denominator. Always >= 1.
            // See https://cs.stackexchange.com/q/138556/92363.

            // Does not overflow because the denominator cannot be zero at this stage in the function.
            uint256 twos = denominator & (~denominator + 1);
            assembly {
                // Divide denominator by twos.
                denominator := div(denominator, twos)

                // Divide [prod1 prod0] by twos.
                prod0 := div(prod0, twos)

                // Flip twos such that it is 2^256 / twos. If twos is zero, then it becomes one.
                twos := add(div(sub(0, twos), twos), 1)
            }

            // Shift in bits from prod1 into prod0.
            prod0 |= prod1 * twos;

            // Invert denominator mod 2^256. Now that denominator is an odd number, it has an inverse modulo 2^256 such
            // that denominator * inv = 1 mod 2^256. Compute the inverse by starting with a seed that is correct for
            // four bits. That is, denominator * inv = 1 mod 2^4.
            uint256 inverse = (3 * denominator) ^ 2;

            // Use the Newton-Raphson iteration to improve the precision. Thanks to Hensel's lifting lemma, this also works
            // in modular arithmetic, doubling the correct bits in each step.
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^8
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^16
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^32
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^64
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^128
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^256

            // Because the division is now exact we can divide by multiplying with the modular inverse of denominator.
            // This will give us the correct result modulo 2^256. Since the preconditions guarantee that the outcome is
            // less than 2^256, this is the final result. We don't need to compute the high bits of the result and prod1
            // is no longer required.
            result = prod0 * inverse;
            return result;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates x * y / denominator with full precision, following the selected rounding direction.
     */
    function mulDiv(
        uint256 x,
        uint256 y,
        uint256 denominator,
        Rounding rounding
    ) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = mulDiv(x, y, denominator);
        if (rounding == Rounding.Up && mulmod(x, y, denominator) > 0) {
            result += 1;
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the square root of a number. It the number is not a perfect square, the value is rounded down.
     *
     * Inspired by Henry S. Warren, Jr.'s "Hacker's Delight" (Chapter 11).
     */
    function sqrt(uint256 a) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        if (a == 0) {
            return 0;
        }

        // For our first guess, we get the biggest power of 2 which is smaller than the square root of the target.
        // We know that the "msb" (most significant bit) of our target number `a` is a power of 2 such that we have
        // `msb(a) <= a < 2*msb(a)`.
        // We also know that `k`, the position of the most significant bit, is such that `msb(a) = 2**k`.
        // This gives `2**k < a <= 2**(k+1)` → `2**(k/2) <= sqrt(a) < 2 ** (k/2+1)`.
        // Using an algorithm similar to the msb conmputation, we are able to compute `result = 2**(k/2)` which is a
        // good first aproximation of `sqrt(a)` with at least 1 correct bit.
        uint256 result = 1;
        uint256 x = a;
        if (x >> 128 > 0) {
            x >>= 128;
            result <<= 64;
        }
        if (x >> 64 > 0) {
            x >>= 64;
            result <<= 32;
        }
        if (x >> 32 > 0) {
            x >>= 32;
            result <<= 16;
        }
        if (x >> 16 > 0) {
            x >>= 16;
            result <<= 8;
        }
        if (x >> 8 > 0) {
            x >>= 8;
            result <<= 4;
        }
        if (x >> 4 > 0) {
            x >>= 4;
            result <<= 2;
        }
        if (x >> 2 > 0) {
            result <<= 1;
        }

        // At this point `result` is an estimation with one bit of precision. We know the true value is a uint128,
        // since it is the square root of a uint256. Newton's method converges quadratically (precision doubles at
        // every iteration). We thus need at most 7 iteration to turn our partial result with one bit of precision
        // into the expected uint128 result.
        unchecked {
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            return min(result, a / result);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates sqrt(a), following the selected rounding direction.
     */
    function sqrt(uint256 a, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = sqrt(a);
        if (rounding == Rounding.Up && result * result < a) {
            result += 1;
        }
        return result;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.5.0) (governance/utils/IVotes.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Common interface for {ERC20Votes}, {ERC721Votes}, and other {Votes}-enabled contracts.
 *
 * _Available since v4.5._
 */
interface IVotes {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when an account changes their delegate.
     */
    event DelegateChanged(address indexed delegator, address indexed fromDelegate, address indexed toDelegate);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when a token transfer or delegate change results in changes to a delegate's number of votes.
     */
    event DelegateVotesChanged(address indexed delegate, uint256 previousBalance, uint256 newBalance);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current amount of votes that `account` has.
     */
    function getVotes(address account) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of votes that `account` had at the end of a past block (`blockNumber`).
     */
    function getPastVotes(address account, uint256 blockNumber) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the total supply of votes available at the end of a past block (`blockNumber`).
     *
     * NOTE: This value is the sum of all available votes, which is not necessarily the sum of all delegated votes.
     * Votes that have not been delegated are still part of total supply, even though they would not participate in a
     * vote.
     */
    function getPastTotalSupply(uint256 blockNumber) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the delegate that `account` has chosen.
     */
    function delegates(address account) external view returns (address);

    /**
     * @dev Delegates votes from the sender to `delegatee`.
     */
    function delegate(address delegatee) external;

    /**
     * @dev Delegates votes from signer to `delegatee`.
     */
    function delegateBySig(
        address delegatee,
        uint256 nonce,
        uint256 expiry,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) external;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (utils/math/SafeCast.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Wrappers over Solidity's uintXX/intXX casting operators with added overflow
 * checks.
 *
 * Downcasting from uint256/int256 in Solidity does not revert on overflow. This can
 * easily result in undesired exploitation or bugs, since developers usually
 * assume that overflows raise errors. `SafeCast` restores this intuition by
 * reverting the transaction when such an operation overflows.
 *
 * Using this library instead of the unchecked operations eliminates an entire
 * class of bugs, so it's recommended to use it always.
 *
 * Can be combined with {SafeMath} and {SignedSafeMath} to extend it to smaller types, by performing
 * all math on `uint256` and `int256` and then downcasting.
 */
library SafeCast {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint248 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint248).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint248` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 248 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint248(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint248) {
        require(value <= type(uint248).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 248 bits");
        return uint248(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint240 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint240).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint240` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 240 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint240(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint240) {
        require(value <= type(uint240).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 240 bits");
        return uint240(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint232 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint232).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint232` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 232 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint232(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint232) {
        require(value <= type(uint232).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 232 bits");
        return uint232(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint224 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint224).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint224` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 224 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.2._
     */
    function toUint224(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint224) {
        require(value <= type(uint224).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 224 bits");
        return uint224(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint216 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint216).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint216` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 216 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint216(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint216) {
        require(value <= type(uint216).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 216 bits");
        return uint216(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint208 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint208).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint208` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 208 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint208(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint208) {
        require(value <= type(uint208).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 208 bits");
        return uint208(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint200 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint200).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint200` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 200 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint200(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint200) {
        require(value <= type(uint200).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 200 bits");
        return uint200(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint192 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint192).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint192` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 192 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint192(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint192) {
        require(value <= type(uint192).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 192 bits");
        return uint192(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint184 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint184).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint184` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 184 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint184(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint184) {
        require(value <= type(uint184).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 184 bits");
        return uint184(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint176 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint176).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint176` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 176 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint176(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint176) {
        require(value <= type(uint176).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 176 bits");
        return uint176(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint168 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint168).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint168` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 168 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint168(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint168) {
        require(value <= type(uint168).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 168 bits");
        return uint168(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint160 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint160).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint160` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 160 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint160(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint160) {
        require(value <= type(uint160).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 160 bits");
        return uint160(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint152 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint152).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint152` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 152 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint152(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint152) {
        require(value <= type(uint152).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 152 bits");
        return uint152(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint144 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint144).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint144` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 144 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint144(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint144) {
        require(value <= type(uint144).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 144 bits");
        return uint144(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint136 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint136).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint136` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 136 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint136(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint136) {
        require(value <= type(uint136).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 136 bits");
        return uint136(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint128 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint128).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint128` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 128 bits
     *
     * _Available since v2.5._
     */
    function toUint128(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint128) {
        require(value <= type(uint128).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 128 bits");
        return uint128(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint120 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint120).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint120` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 120 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint120(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint120) {
        require(value <= type(uint120).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 120 bits");
        return uint120(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint112 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint112).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint112` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 112 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint112(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint112) {
        require(value <= type(uint112).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 112 bits");
        return uint112(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint104 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint104).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint104` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 104 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint104(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint104) {
        require(value <= type(uint104).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 104 bits");
        return uint104(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint96 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint96).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint96` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 96 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.2._
     */
    function toUint96(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint96) {
        require(value <= type(uint96).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 96 bits");
        return uint96(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint88 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint88).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint88` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 88 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint88(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint88) {
        require(value <= type(uint88).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 88 bits");
        return uint88(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint80 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint80).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint80` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 80 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint80(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint80) {
        require(value <= type(uint80).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 80 bits");
        return uint80(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint72 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint72).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint72` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 72 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint72(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint72) {
        require(value <= type(uint72).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 72 bits");
        return uint72(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint64 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint64).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint64` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 64 bits
     *
     * _Available since v2.5._
     */
    function toUint64(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint64) {
        require(value <= type(uint64).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 64 bits");
        return uint64(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint56 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint56).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint56` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 56 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint56(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint56) {
        require(value <= type(uint56).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 56 bits");
        return uint56(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint48 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint48).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint48` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 48 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint48(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint48) {
        require(value <= type(uint48).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 48 bits");
        return uint48(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint40 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint40).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint40` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 40 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint40(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint40) {
        require(value <= type(uint40).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 40 bits");
        return uint40(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint32 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint32).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint32` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 32 bits
     *
     * _Available since v2.5._
     */
    function toUint32(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint32) {
        require(value <= type(uint32).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 32 bits");
        return uint32(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint24 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint24).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint24` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 24 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint24(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint24) {
        require(value <= type(uint24).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 24 bits");
        return uint24(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint16 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint16).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint16` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 16 bits
     *
     * _Available since v2.5._
     */
    function toUint16(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint16) {
        require(value <= type(uint16).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 16 bits");
        return uint16(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint8 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint8).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint8` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 8 bits
     *
     * _Available since v2.5._
     */
    function toUint8(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint8) {
        require(value <= type(uint8).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 8 bits");
        return uint8(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a signed int256 into an unsigned uint256.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must be greater than or equal to 0.
     *
     * _Available since v3.0._
     */
    function toUint256(int256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        require(value >= 0, "SafeCast: value must be positive");
        return uint256(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int248 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int248 or
     * greater than largest int248).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int248` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 248 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt248(int256 value) internal pure returns (int248) {
        require(value >= type(int248).min && value <= type(int248).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 248 bits");
        return int248(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int240 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int240 or
     * greater than largest int240).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int240` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 240 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt240(int256 value) internal pure returns (int240) {
        require(value >= type(int240).min && value <= type(int240).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 240 bits");
        return int240(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int232 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int232 or
     * greater than largest int232).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int232` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 232 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt232(int256 value) internal pure returns (int232) {
        require(value >= type(int232).min && value <= type(int232).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 232 bits");
        return int232(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int224 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int224 or
     * greater than largest int224).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int224` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 224 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt224(int256 value) internal pure returns (int224) {
        require(value >= type(int224).min && value <= type(int224).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 224 bits");
        return int224(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int216 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int216 or
     * greater than largest int216).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int216` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 216 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt216(int256 value) internal pure returns (int216) {
        require(value >= type(int216).min && value <= type(int216).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 216 bits");
        return int216(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int208 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int208 or
     * greater than largest int208).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int208` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 208 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt208(int256 value) internal pure returns (int208) {
        require(value >= type(int208).min && value <= type(int208).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 208 bits");
        return int208(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int200 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int200 or
     * greater than largest int200).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int200` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 200 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt200(int256 value) internal pure returns (int200) {
        require(value >= type(int200).min && value <= type(int200).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 200 bits");
        return int200(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int192 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int192 or
     * greater than largest int192).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int192` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 192 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt192(int256 value) internal pure returns (int192) {
        require(value >= type(int192).min && value <= type(int192).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 192 bits");
        return int192(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int184 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int184 or
     * greater than largest int184).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int184` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 184 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt184(int256 value) internal pure returns (int184) {
        require(value >= type(int184).min && value <= type(int184).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 184 bits");
        return int184(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int176 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int176 or
     * greater than largest int176).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int176` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 176 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt176(int256 value) internal pure returns (int176) {
        require(value >= type(int176).min && value <= type(int176).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 176 bits");
        return int176(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int168 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int168 or
     * greater than largest int168).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int168` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 168 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt168(int256 value) internal pure returns (int168) {
        require(value >= type(int168).min && value <= type(int168).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 168 bits");
        return int168(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int160 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int160 or
     * greater than largest int160).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int160` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 160 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt160(int256 value) internal pure returns (int160) {
        require(value >= type(int160).min && value <= type(int160).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 160 bits");
        return int160(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int152 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int152 or
     * greater than largest int152).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int152` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 152 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt152(int256 value) internal pure returns (int152) {
        require(value >= type(int152).min && value <= type(int152).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 152 bits");
        return int152(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int144 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int144 or
     * greater than largest int144).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int144` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 144 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt144(int256 value) internal pure returns (int144) {
        require(value >= type(int144).min && value <= type(int144).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 144 bits");
        return int144(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int136 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int136 or
     * greater than largest int136).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int136` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 136 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt136(int256 value) internal pure returns (int136) {
        require(value >= type(int136).min && value <= type(int136).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 136 bits");
        return int136(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int128 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int128 or
     * greater than largest int128).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int128` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 128 bits
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function toInt128(int256 value) internal pure returns (int128) {
        require(value >= type(int128).min && value <= type(int128).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 128 bits");
        return int128(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int120 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int120 or
     * greater than largest int120).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int120` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 120 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt120(int256 value) internal pure returns (int120) {
        require(value >= type(int120).min && value <= type(int120).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 120 bits");
        return int120(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int112 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int112 or
     * greater than largest int112).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int112` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 112 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt112(int256 value) internal pure returns (int112) {
        require(value >= type(int112).min && value <= type(int112).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 112 bits");
        return int112(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int104 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int104 or
     * greater than largest int104).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int104` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 104 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt104(int256 value) internal pure returns (int104) {
        require(value >= type(int104).min && value <= type(int104).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 104 bits");
        return int104(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int96 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int96 or
     * greater than largest int96).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int96` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 96 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt96(int256 value) internal pure returns (int96) {
        require(value >= type(int96).min && value <= type(int96).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 96 bits");
        return int96(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int88 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int88 or
     * greater than largest int88).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int88` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 88 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt88(int256 value) internal pure returns (int88) {
        require(value >= type(int88).min && value <= type(int88).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 88 bits");
        return int88(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int80 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int80 or
     * greater than largest int80).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int80` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 80 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt80(int256 value) internal pure returns (int80) {
        require(value >= type(int80).min && value <= type(int80).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 80 bits");
        return int80(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int72 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int72 or
     * greater than largest int72).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int72` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 72 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt72(int256 value) internal pure returns (int72) {
        require(value >= type(int72).min && value <= type(int72).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 72 bits");
        return int72(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int64 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int64 or
     * greater than largest int64).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int64` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 64 bits
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function toInt64(int256 value) internal pure returns (int64) {
        require(value >= type(int64).min && value <= type(int64).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 64 bits");
        return int64(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int56 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int56 or
     * greater than largest int56).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int56` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 56 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt56(int256 value) internal pure returns (int56) {
        require(value >= type(int56).min && value <= type(int56).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 56 bits");
        return int56(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int48 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int48 or
     * greater than largest int48).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int48` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 48 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt48(int256 value) internal pure returns (int48) {
        require(value >= type(int48).min && value <= type(int48).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 48 bits");
        return int48(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int40 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int40 or
     * greater than largest int40).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int40` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 40 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt40(int256 value) internal pure returns (int40) {
        require(value >= type(int40).min && value <= type(int40).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 40 bits");
        return int40(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int32 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int32 or
     * greater than largest int32).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int32` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 32 bits
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function toInt32(int256 value) internal pure returns (int32) {
        require(value >= type(int32).min && value <= type(int32).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 32 bits");
        return int32(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int24 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int24 or
     * greater than largest int24).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int24` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 24 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt24(int256 value) internal pure returns (int24) {
        require(value >= type(int24).min && value <= type(int24).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 24 bits");
        return int24(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int16 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int16 or
     * greater than largest int16).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int16` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 16 bits
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function toInt16(int256 value) internal pure returns (int16) {
        require(value >= type(int16).min && value <= type(int16).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 16 bits");
        return int16(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int8 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int8 or
     * greater than largest int8).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int8` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 8 bits
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function toInt8(int256 value) internal pure returns (int8) {
        require(value >= type(int8).min && value <= type(int8).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 8 bits");
        return int8(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts an unsigned uint256 into a signed int256.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must be less than or equal to maxInt256.
     *
     * _Available since v3.0._
     */
    function toInt256(uint256 value) internal pure returns (int256) {
        // Note: Unsafe cast below is okay because `type(int256).max` is guaranteed to be positive
        require(value <= uint256(type(int256).max), "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in an int256");
        return int256(value);
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import { MinHeap } from "../lib/MinHeap.sol";

contract HeapTest {
    using MinHeap for MinHeap.Heap;

    MinHeap.Heap internal _heap;

    function size()
        external
        view
        returns (uint256)
    {
        return _heap.length;
    }

    function insert(
        uint256 value
    )
        external
    {
        _heap.insert(value);
    }

    function insertMany(
        uint256[] calldata values
    )
        external
    {
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < values.length; i++) {
            _heap.insert(values[i]);
        }
    }

    function peek()
        external
        view
        returns (uint256)
    {
        return _heap.safePeek();
    }

    function pop()
        external
    {
        _heap.popMin();
    }

    function popMany(
        uint256 count
    )
        external
        returns (uint256[] memory)
    {
        uint256[] memory result = new uint256[](count);
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < count; i++) {
            result[i] = _heap.safePeek();
            _heap.popMin();
        }
        return result;
    }

    function heap(
        uint256 index
    )
        external
        view
        returns (uint256)
    {
        return _heap.data[index];
    }

    function read(
        uint256 start,
        uint256 end
    )
        public
        view
        returns (uint256[] memory)
    {
        uint256 length = end - start;
        uint256[] memory result = new uint256[](length);
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < length; i++) {
            result[i] = _heap.data[start + i];
        }
        return result;
    }

    function readAll()
        external
        view
        returns (uint256[] memory)
    {
        return read(0, _heap.length);
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import { PausableUpgradeable } from "../../deps/PausableUpgradeable.sol";

import { IIkaniV1 } from "./interfaces/IIkaniV1.sol";
import { IIkaniV1MetadataController } from "./interfaces/IIkaniV1MetadataController.sol";
import { ContractUriUpgradeable } from "./lib/ContractUriUpgradeable.sol";
import { ERC721SequentialUpgradeable } from "./lib/ERC721SequentialUpgradeable.sol";
import { PersonalSign } from "./lib/PersonalSign.sol";
import { WithdrawableUpgradeable } from "./lib/WithdrawableUpgradeable.sol";

/**
 * @title IkaniV1
 * @author Cyborg Labs, LLC
 *
 * @notice The IKANI.AI ERC-721 NFT.
 */
contract IkaniV1 is
    ERC721SequentialUpgradeable,
    ContractUriUpgradeable,
    WithdrawableUpgradeable,
    PausableUpgradeable,
    IIkaniV1
{
    //---------------- Constants ----------------//

    uint256 public constant STARTING_INDEX_ADD_BLOCKS = 10;

    /// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow state-variable-immutable
    uint256 public immutable MAX_SUPPLY; // e.g. 8888

    //---------------- Storage ----------------//

    IIkaniV1MetadataController internal _METADATA_CONTROLLER_;

    address internal _MINT_SIGNER_;

    /// @dev The set of message digests signed and consumed for minting.
    mapping(bytes32 => bool) internal _USED_MINT_DIGESTS_;

    /// @dev Poem text and metadata by token ID.
    mapping(uint256 => IIkaniV1.Poem) internal _POEM_INFO_;

    /// @dev Series information by index.
    mapping(uint256 => IIkaniV1.Series) internal _SERIES_INFO_;

    /// @dev Index of the current series available for minting.
    uint256 internal _CURRENT_SERIES_INDEX_;

    //---------------- Constructor & Initializer ----------------//

    /// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow constructor
    constructor(
        uint256 maxSupply
    )
        initializer
    {
        MAX_SUPPLY = maxSupply;
    }

    function initialize(
        IIkaniV1MetadataController metadataController,
        address mintSigner
    )
        external
        initializer
    {
        __ERC721Sequential_init("IKANI.AI", "IKANI");
        __ContractUri_init();
        __Withdrawable_init();
        __Pausable_init();

        _METADATA_CONTROLLER_ = metadataController;
        _MINT_SIGNER_ = mintSigner;
    }

    //---------------- Owner-Only External Functions ----------------//

    function pause()
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        _pause();
    }

    function unpause()
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        _unpause();
    }

    function setContractUri(
        string memory contractUri
    )
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        _setContractUri(contractUri);
    }

    function setMetadataController(
        IIkaniV1MetadataController metadataController
    )
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        _METADATA_CONTROLLER_ = metadataController;
    }

    function setMintSigner(
        address mintSigner
    )
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        _MINT_SIGNER_ = mintSigner;
    }

    function setPoemInfo(
        uint256[] calldata tokenIds,
        IIkaniV1.Poem[] calldata poemInfo
    )
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        // Note: To save gas, we don't check that the token was minted; however,
        //       the owner should only call this function with minted token IDs.

        uint256 n = tokenIds.length;

        require(
            poemInfo.length == n,
            "Params length mismatch"
        );

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            require(
                bytes(poemInfo[i].poemText).length != 0,
                "Poem text cannot be empty"
            );
            _POEM_INFO_[i] = poemInfo[i];
        }
    }

    function setSeriesInfo(
        uint256 seriesIndex,
        string calldata name,
        bytes32 provenanceHash
    )
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        IIkaniV1.Series storage series = _SERIES_INFO_[seriesIndex];

        series.name = name;
        series.provenanceHash = provenanceHash;

        emit SetSeriesInfo(
            seriesIndex,
            name,
            provenanceHash
        );
    }

    function endCurrentSeries(
        uint256 poemCreationDeadline
    )
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        uint256 seriesIndex = _CURRENT_SERIES_INDEX_++;

        IIkaniV1.Series storage series = _SERIES_INFO_[seriesIndex];

        uint256 maxTokenIdExclusive = getNextTokenId();
        uint256 startingIndexBlockNumber = block.number + STARTING_INDEX_ADD_BLOCKS;

        series.poemCreationDeadline = poemCreationDeadline;
        series.maxTokenIdExclusive = maxTokenIdExclusive;
        series.startingIndexBlockNumber = startingIndexBlockNumber;

        emit EndedSeries(
            seriesIndex,
            poemCreationDeadline,
            maxTokenIdExclusive,
            startingIndexBlockNumber
        );
    }

    function advancePoemCreationDeadline(
        uint256 seriesIndex,
        uint256 poemCreationDeadline
    )
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        IIkaniV1.Series storage series = _SERIES_INFO_[seriesIndex];

        require(
            poemCreationDeadline > series.poemCreationDeadline,
            "Can only move the deadline forward"
        );

        series.poemCreationDeadline = poemCreationDeadline;

        emit AdvancedPoemCreationDeadline(
            seriesIndex,
            poemCreationDeadline
        );
    }

    function mintByOwner(
        address[] calldata recipients
    )
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        uint256 n = recipients.length;

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            // Note: Intentionally not using _safeMint().
            _mint(recipients[i]);
        }

        require(
            getNextTokenId() <= MAX_SUPPLY,
            "Global max supply exceeded"
        );
    }

    function expire(
        uint256 tokenId
    )
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        require(
            bytes(_POEM_INFO_[tokenId].poemText).length == 0,
            "Cannot expire a finished poem"
        );

        uint256 seriesIndex = getPoemSeriesIndex(tokenId);

        IIkaniV1.Series storage series = _SERIES_INFO_[seriesIndex];

        require(
            series.startingIndexBlockNumber != 0,
            "Series not ended"
        );
        require(
            block.timestamp > series.poemCreationDeadline,
            "Token has not expired"
        );

        _burn(tokenId);
    }

    function expireBatch(
        uint256[] calldata tokenIds,
        uint256 seriesIndex
    )
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        require(
            seriesIndex <= _CURRENT_SERIES_INDEX_,
            "Invalid series index"
        );

        IIkaniV1.Series storage series = _SERIES_INFO_[seriesIndex];

        require(
            series.startingIndexBlockNumber != 0,
            "Series not ended"
        );
        require(
            block.timestamp > series.poemCreationDeadline,
            "Series has not expired"
        );

        uint256 n = tokenIds.length;

        uint256 maxTokenIdExclusive = series.maxTokenIdExclusive;
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            require(
                tokenIds[i] < maxTokenIdExclusive,
                "Token ID not part of the series"
            );
        }

        if (seriesIndex > 0) {
            uint256 startTokenId = _SERIES_INFO_[seriesIndex - 1].maxTokenIdExclusive;
            for (uint256 i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                require(
                    tokenIds[i] >= startTokenId,
                    "Token ID not part of the series"
                );
            }
        }

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            require(
                bytes(_POEM_INFO_[tokenIds[i]].poemText).length == 0,
                "Cannot expire a finished poem"
            );
            _burn(tokenIds[i]);
        }
    }

    //---------------- Other State-Changing External Functions ----------------//

    function mint(
        IIkaniV1.MintArgs calldata mintArgs,
        bytes calldata signature
    )
        external
        payable
        whenNotPaused
    {
        require(
            mintArgs.seriesIndex == _CURRENT_SERIES_INDEX_,
            "Not the current series"
        );

        require(
            msg.value == mintArgs.mintPrice,
            "Wrong msg.value"
        );

        address sender = msg.sender;
        bytes memory message = abi.encode(
            sender,
            mintArgs
        );
        bytes32 messageDigest = keccak256(message);

        // Only allow one mint per message/digest/signature.
        require(
            !_USED_MINT_DIGESTS_[messageDigest],
            "Mint digest already used"
        );
        _USED_MINT_DIGESTS_[messageDigest] = true;

        // Note: Since the only signer is our admin, we don't need EIP-712.
        require(
            PersonalSign.isValidSignature(messageDigest, signature, _MINT_SIGNER_),
            "Invalid signature"
        );

        // Note: Intentionally not using _safeMint().
        uint256 tokenId = _mint(sender);

        require(
            tokenId < mintArgs.maxTokenIdExclusive,
            "Series max supply exceeded"
        );
        require(
            tokenId < MAX_SUPPLY,
            "Global max supply exceeded"
        );
    }

    function trySetSeriesStartingIndex(
        uint256 seriesIndex
    )
        external
        whenNotPaused
    {
        IIkaniV1.Series storage series = _SERIES_INFO_[seriesIndex];

        require(
            !series.startingIndexWasSet,
            "Starting index already set"
        );

        uint256 targetBlockNumber = series.startingIndexBlockNumber;
        require(
            targetBlockNumber != 0,
            "Series not ended"
        );

        require(
            block.number >= targetBlockNumber,
            "Starting index block not reached"
        );

        // If the hash for the target block is not available, set a new block number and exit.
        if (block.number - targetBlockNumber > 256) {
            uint256 newStartingIndexBlockNumber = block.number + STARTING_INDEX_ADD_BLOCKS;
            series.startingIndexBlockNumber = newStartingIndexBlockNumber;
            emit ResetSeriesStartingIndexBlockNumber(
                seriesIndex,
                newStartingIndexBlockNumber
            );
            return;
        }

        uint256 seriesSupply = getSeriesSupply(seriesIndex);
        uint256 startingIndex = uint256(blockhash(targetBlockNumber)) % seriesSupply;

        series.startingIndex = startingIndex;
        series.startingIndexWasSet = true;

        emit SetSeriesStartingIndex(
            seriesIndex,
            startingIndex
        );
    }

    //---------------- View-Only External Functions ----------------//

    function getMetadataController()
        external
        view
        returns (IIkaniV1MetadataController)
    {
        return _METADATA_CONTROLLER_;
    }

    function getMintSigner()
        external
        view
        returns (address)
    {
        return _MINT_SIGNER_;
    }

    function isUsedMintDigest(
        bytes32 digest
    )
        external
        view
        returns (bool)
    {
        return _USED_MINT_DIGESTS_[digest];
    }

    function getPoemInfo(
        uint256 tokenId
    )
        external
        view
        returns (IIkaniV1.Poem memory)
    {
        require(
            _exists(tokenId),
            "Token does not exist"
        );
        return _POEM_INFO_[tokenId];
    }

    function getSeriesInfo(
        uint256 seriesIndex
    )
        external
        view
        returns (IIkaniV1.Series memory)
    {
        return _SERIES_INFO_[seriesIndex];
    }

    function getCurrentSeriesIndex()
        external
        view
        returns (uint256)
    {
        return _CURRENT_SERIES_INDEX_;
    }

    function exists(
        uint256 tokenId
    )
        external
        view
        returns (bool)
    {
        return _exists(tokenId);
    }

    //---------------- Public Functions ----------------//

    function getPoemSeriesIndex(
        uint256 tokenId
    )
        public
        view
        returns (uint256)
    {
        require(
            _exists(tokenId),
            "Token does not exist"
        );

        uint256 currentSeriesIndex = _CURRENT_SERIES_INDEX_;
        uint256 seriesIndex;
        for (seriesIndex = 0; seriesIndex < currentSeriesIndex; seriesIndex++) {
            IIkaniV1.Series storage series = _SERIES_INFO_[seriesIndex];

            if (tokenId < series.maxTokenIdExclusive) {
                break;
            }
        }
        return seriesIndex;
    }

    function getSeriesSupply(
        uint256 seriesIndex
    )
        public
        view
        returns (uint256)
    {
        IIkaniV1.Series storage series = _SERIES_INFO_[seriesIndex];

        require(
            series.startingIndexBlockNumber != 0,
            "Series not ended"
        );

        uint256 maxTokenIdExclusive = series.maxTokenIdExclusive;

        if (seriesIndex == 0) {
            return maxTokenIdExclusive;
        }

        IIkaniV1.Series storage previousSeries = _SERIES_INFO_[seriesIndex - 1];

        return maxTokenIdExclusive - previousSeries.maxTokenIdExclusive;
    }

    function tokenURI(
        uint256 tokenId
    )
        public
        view
        override
        returns (string memory)
    {
        return _METADATA_CONTROLLER_.tokenURI(tokenId);
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @title IIkaniV1
 * @author Cyborg Labs, LLC
 *
 * @notice Interface for the IkaniV1 ERC-721 NFT contract.
 */
interface IIkaniV1 {

    //---------------- Enums ----------------//

    enum Theme {
        NULL,
        SKY,
        OCEAN,
        MOUNTAIN,
        FLOWERS,
        TBA_THEME_5,
        TBA_THEME_6,
        TBA_THEME_7,
        TBA_THEME_8
    }

    enum Season {
        NONE,
        SPRING,
        SUMMER,
        AUTUMN,
        WINTER
    }

    enum Fabric {
        NULL,
        KOYAMAKI,
        SEIGAIHA,
        NAMI,
        KUMO,
        TBA_FABRIC_5,
        TBA_FABRIC_6,
        TBA_FABRIC_7,
        TBA_FABRIC_8
    }

    enum Foil {
        NONE,
        GOLD,
        PLATINUM,
        SUI_GENERIS
    }

    //---------------- Structs ----------------//

    /**
     * @notice The poem text and metadata traits.
     */
    // TODO: Make sure these fields are packed efficiently.
    struct Poem {
        string poemText;
        Theme theme;
        Season season;
        Fabric fabric;
        Foil foil;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Information about a series within the collection.
     */
    struct Series {
        string name;
        bytes32 provenanceHash;
        uint256 poemCreationDeadline;
        uint256 maxTokenIdExclusive;
        uint256 startingIndexBlockNumber;
        uint256 startingIndex;
        bool startingIndexWasSet;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Arguments to be signed by the mint authority to authorize a mint.
     */
    struct MintArgs {
        uint256 seriesIndex;
        uint256 mintPrice;
        uint256 maxTokenIdExclusive;
        uint256 nonce;
    }

    //---------------- Events ----------------//

    event SetSeriesInfo(
        uint256 indexed seriesIndex,
        string name,
        bytes32 provenanceHash
    );

    event EndedSeries(
        uint256 indexed seriesIndex,
        uint256 poemCreationDeadline,
        uint256 maxTokenIdExclusive,
        uint256 startingIndexBlockNumber
    );

    event AdvancedPoemCreationDeadline(
        uint256 indexed seriesIndex,
        uint256 poemCreationDeadline
    );

    event ResetSeriesStartingIndexBlockNumber(
        uint256 indexed seriesIndex,
        uint256 startingIndexBlockNumber
    );

    event SetSeriesStartingIndex(
        uint256 indexed seriesIndex,
        uint256 startingIndex
    );
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import { PausableUpgradeable } from "../../deps/PausableUpgradeable.sol";

import { IIkaniV1_1 } from "./interfaces/IIkaniV1_1.sol";
import { IIkaniV1MetadataController } from "./interfaces/IIkaniV1MetadataController.sol";
import { ContractUriUpgradeable } from "./lib/ContractUriUpgradeable.sol";
import { ERC721SequentialUpgradeable } from "./lib/ERC721SequentialUpgradeable.sol";
import { PersonalSign } from "./lib/PersonalSign.sol";
import { WithdrawableUpgradeable } from "./lib/WithdrawableUpgradeable.sol";

/**
 * @title IkaniV1_1
 * @author Cyborg Labs, LLC
 *
 * @notice The IKANI.AI ERC-721 NFT.
 */
contract IkaniV1_1 is
    ERC721SequentialUpgradeable,
    ContractUriUpgradeable,
    WithdrawableUpgradeable,
    PausableUpgradeable,
    IIkaniV1_1
{
    //---------------- Constants ----------------//

    uint256 public constant STARTING_INDEX_ADD_BLOCKS = 10;

    /// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow state-variable-immutable
    uint256 public immutable MAX_SUPPLY; // e.g. 8888

    //---------------- Storage V1 ----------------//

    IIkaniV1MetadataController internal _METADATA_CONTROLLER_;

    address internal _MINT_SIGNER_;

    /// @dev The set of message digests signed and consumed for minting.
    mapping(bytes32 => bool) internal _USED_MINT_DIGESTS_;

    /// @dev DEPRECATED: Poem text and metadata by token ID.
    mapping(uint256 => bytes) internal __DEPRECATED_POEM_INFO_;

    /// @dev Series information by index.
    mapping(uint256 => IIkaniV1_1.Series) internal _SERIES_INFO_;

    /// @dev Index of the current series available for minting.
    uint256 internal _CURRENT_SERIES_INDEX_;

    //---------------- Storage V1_1 ----------------//

    /// @dev Poem text by token ID.
    mapping(uint256 => string) internal _POEM_TEXT_;

    /// @dev Metadata traits by token ID.
    mapping(uint256 => IIkaniV1_1.PoemTraits) internal _POEM_TRAITS_;

    //---------------- Constructor & Initializer ----------------//

    /// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow constructor
    constructor(
        uint256 maxSupply
    )
        initializer
    {
        MAX_SUPPLY = maxSupply;
    }

    //---------------- Owner-Only External Functions ----------------//

    function pause()
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        _pause();
    }

    function unpause()
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        _unpause();
    }

    function setContractUri(
        string memory contractUri
    )
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        _setContractUri(contractUri);
    }

    function setMetadataController(
        IIkaniV1MetadataController metadataController
    )
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        _METADATA_CONTROLLER_ = metadataController;
    }

    function setMintSigner(
        address mintSigner
    )
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        _MINT_SIGNER_ = mintSigner;
    }

    function setPoemText(
        uint256[] calldata tokenIds,
        string[] calldata poemText
    )
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        // Note: To save gas, we don't check that the token was minted; however,
        //       the owner should only call this function with minted token IDs.

        uint256 n = tokenIds.length;

        require(
            poemText.length == n,
            "Params length mismatch"
        );

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < n;) {
            _POEM_TEXT_[tokenIds[i]] = poemText[i];
            unchecked { ++i; }
        }
    }

    function setPoemTraits(
        uint256[] calldata tokenIds,
        IIkaniV1_1.PoemTraits[] calldata poemTraits
    )
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        // Note: To save gas, we don't check that the token was minted; however,
        //       the owner should only call this function with minted token IDs.

        uint256 n = tokenIds.length;

        require(
            poemTraits.length == n,
            "Params length mismatch"
        );

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < n;) {
            uint256 tokenId = tokenIds[i];
            IIkaniV1_1.PoemTraits memory traits = poemTraits[i];
            require(
                traits.theme != IIkaniV1_1.Theme.NULL,
                "Theme cannot be null"
            );
            require(
                traits.fabric != IIkaniV1_1.Fabric.NULL,
                "Fabric cannot be null"
            );
            _POEM_TRAITS_[tokenId] = traits;
            emit FinishedPoem(tokenId);
            unchecked { ++i; }
        }
    }

    function setSeriesInfo(
        uint256 seriesIndex,
        string calldata name,
        bytes32 provenanceHash
    )
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        IIkaniV1_1.Series storage series = _SERIES_INFO_[seriesIndex];

        series.name = name;
        series.provenanceHash = provenanceHash;

        emit SetSeriesInfo(
            seriesIndex,
            name,
            provenanceHash
        );
    }

    function endCurrentSeries(
        uint256 poemCreationDeadline
    )
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        uint256 seriesIndex = _CURRENT_SERIES_INDEX_++;

        IIkaniV1_1.Series storage series = _SERIES_INFO_[seriesIndex];

        uint256 maxTokenIdExclusive = getNextTokenId();
        uint256 startingIndexBlockNumber = block.number + STARTING_INDEX_ADD_BLOCKS;

        series.poemCreationDeadline = poemCreationDeadline;
        series.maxTokenIdExclusive = maxTokenIdExclusive;
        series.startingIndexBlockNumber = startingIndexBlockNumber;

        emit EndedSeries(
            seriesIndex,
            poemCreationDeadline,
            maxTokenIdExclusive,
            startingIndexBlockNumber
        );
    }

    function advancePoemCreationDeadline(
        uint256 seriesIndex,
        uint256 poemCreationDeadline
    )
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        IIkaniV1_1.Series storage series = _SERIES_INFO_[seriesIndex];

        require(
            poemCreationDeadline > series.poemCreationDeadline,
            "Can only move the deadline forward"
        );

        series.poemCreationDeadline = poemCreationDeadline;

        emit AdvancedPoemCreationDeadline(
            seriesIndex,
            poemCreationDeadline
        );
    }

    function mintByOwner(
        address[] calldata recipients
    )
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        uint256 n = recipients.length;

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            // Note: Intentionally not using _safeMint().
            _mint(recipients[i]);
        }

        require(
            getNextTokenId() <= MAX_SUPPLY,
            "Global max supply exceeded"
        );
    }

    function expire(
        uint256 tokenId
    )
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        require(
            !isPoemFinished(tokenId),
            "Cannot expire a finished poem"
        );

        uint256 seriesIndex = getPoemSeriesIndex(tokenId);

        IIkaniV1_1.Series storage series = _SERIES_INFO_[seriesIndex];

        require(
            series.startingIndexBlockNumber != 0,
            "Series not ended"
        );
        require(
            block.timestamp > series.poemCreationDeadline,
            "Token has not expired"
        );

        _burn(tokenId);
    }

    function expireBatch(
        uint256[] calldata tokenIds,
        uint256 seriesIndex
    )
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        require(
            seriesIndex <= _CURRENT_SERIES_INDEX_,
            "Invalid series index"
        );

        IIkaniV1_1.Series storage series = _SERIES_INFO_[seriesIndex];

        require(
            series.startingIndexBlockNumber != 0,
            "Series not ended"
        );
        require(
            block.timestamp > series.poemCreationDeadline,
            "Series has not expired"
        );

        uint256 n = tokenIds.length;

        uint256 maxTokenIdExclusive = series.maxTokenIdExclusive;
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            require(
                tokenIds[i] < maxTokenIdExclusive,
                "Token ID not part of the series"
            );
        }

        if (seriesIndex > 0) {
            uint256 startTokenId = _SERIES_INFO_[seriesIndex - 1].maxTokenIdExclusive;
            for (uint256 i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                require(
                    tokenIds[i] >= startTokenId,
                    "Token ID not part of the series"
                );
            }
        }

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            require(
                !isPoemFinished(tokenIds[i]),
                "Cannot expire a finished poem"
            );
            _burn(tokenIds[i]);
        }
    }

    //---------------- Other State-Changing External Functions ----------------//

    function mint(
        IIkaniV1_1.MintArgs calldata mintArgs,
        bytes calldata signature
    )
        external
        payable
        whenNotPaused
    {
        require(
            mintArgs.seriesIndex == _CURRENT_SERIES_INDEX_,
            "Not the current series"
        );

        require(
            msg.value == mintArgs.mintPrice,
            "Wrong msg.value"
        );

        address sender = msg.sender;
        bytes memory message = abi.encode(
            sender,
            mintArgs
        );
        bytes32 messageDigest = keccak256(message);

        // Only allow one mint per message/digest/signature.
        require(
            !_USED_MINT_DIGESTS_[messageDigest],
            "Mint digest already used"
        );
        _USED_MINT_DIGESTS_[messageDigest] = true;

        // Note: Since the only signer is our admin, we don't need EIP-712.
        require(
            PersonalSign.isValidSignature(messageDigest, signature, _MINT_SIGNER_),
            "Invalid signature"
        );

        // Note: Intentionally not using _safeMint().
        uint256 tokenId = _mint(sender);

        require(
            tokenId < mintArgs.maxTokenIdExclusive,
            "Series max supply exceeded"
        );
        require(
            tokenId < MAX_SUPPLY,
            "Global max supply exceeded"
        );
    }

    function trySetSeriesStartingIndex(
        uint256 seriesIndex
    )
        external
        whenNotPaused
    {
        IIkaniV1_1.Series storage series = _SERIES_INFO_[seriesIndex];

        require(
            !series.startingIndexWasSet,
            "Starting index already set"
        );

        uint256 targetBlockNumber = series.startingIndexBlockNumber;
        require(
            targetBlockNumber != 0,
            "Series not ended"
        );

        require(
            block.number >= targetBlockNumber,
            "Starting index block not reached"
        );

        // If the hash for the target block is not available, set a new block number and exit.
        if (block.number - targetBlockNumber > 256) {
            uint256 newStartingIndexBlockNumber = block.number + STARTING_INDEX_ADD_BLOCKS;
            series.startingIndexBlockNumber = newStartingIndexBlockNumber;
            emit ResetSeriesStartingIndexBlockNumber(
                seriesIndex,
                newStartingIndexBlockNumber
            );
            return;
        }

        uint256 seriesSupply = getSeriesSupply(seriesIndex);
        uint256 startingIndex = uint256(blockhash(targetBlockNumber)) % seriesSupply;

        series.startingIndex = startingIndex;
        series.startingIndexWasSet = true;

        emit SetSeriesStartingIndex(
            seriesIndex,
            startingIndex
        );
    }

    //---------------- View-Only External Functions ----------------//

    function getMetadataController()
        external
        view
        returns (IIkaniV1MetadataController)
    {
        return _METADATA_CONTROLLER_;
    }

    function getMintSigner()
        external
        view
        returns (address)
    {
        return _MINT_SIGNER_;
    }

    function isUsedMintDigest(
        bytes32 digest
    )
        external
        view
        returns (bool)
    {
        return _USED_MINT_DIGESTS_[digest];
    }

    function getSeriesInfo(
        uint256 seriesIndex
    )
        external
        view
        returns (IIkaniV1_1.Series memory)
    {
        return _SERIES_INFO_[seriesIndex];
    }

    function getCurrentSeriesIndex()
        external
        view
        returns (uint256)
    {
        return _CURRENT_SERIES_INDEX_;
    }

    function exists(
        uint256 tokenId
    )
        external
        view
        returns (bool)
    {
        return _exists(tokenId);
    }

    //---------------- Public Functions ----------------//

    function getPoemSeriesIndex(
        uint256 tokenId
    )
        public
        view
        returns (uint256)
    {
        uint256 currentSeriesIndex = _CURRENT_SERIES_INDEX_;
        uint256 seriesIndex;
        for (seriesIndex = 0; seriesIndex < currentSeriesIndex; seriesIndex++) {
            IIkaniV1_1.Series storage series = _SERIES_INFO_[seriesIndex];

            if (tokenId < series.maxTokenIdExclusive) {
                break;
            }
        }
        return seriesIndex;
    }

    function getSeriesSupply(
        uint256 seriesIndex
    )
        public
        view
        returns (uint256)
    {
        IIkaniV1_1.Series storage series = _SERIES_INFO_[seriesIndex];

        require(
            series.startingIndexBlockNumber != 0,
            "Series not ended"
        );

        uint256 maxTokenIdExclusive = series.maxTokenIdExclusive;

        if (seriesIndex == 0) {
            return maxTokenIdExclusive;
        }

        IIkaniV1_1.Series storage previousSeries = _SERIES_INFO_[seriesIndex - 1];

        return maxTokenIdExclusive - previousSeries.maxTokenIdExclusive;
    }

    function getPoemText(
        uint256 tokenId
    )
        public
        view
        returns (string memory)
    {
        return _POEM_TEXT_[tokenId];
    }

    function getPoemTraits(
        uint256 tokenId
    )
        public
        view
        returns (IIkaniV1_1.PoemTraits memory)
    {
        return _POEM_TRAITS_[tokenId];
    }

    function isPoemFinished(
        uint256 tokenId
    )
        public
        view
        returns (bool)
    {
        return _POEM_TRAITS_[tokenId].theme != IIkaniV1_1.Theme.NULL;
    }

    function tokenURI(
        uint256 tokenId
    )
        public
        view
        override
        returns (string memory)
    {
        return _METADATA_CONTROLLER_.tokenURI(tokenId);
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @title IIkaniV1_1
 * @author Cyborg Labs, LLC
 *
 * @notice Interface for the IkaniV1 ERC-721 NFT contract.
 */
interface IIkaniV1_1 {

    //---------------- Enums ----------------//

    enum Theme {
        NULL,
        SKY,
        OCEAN,
        MOUNTAIN,
        FLOWERS,
        TBA_THEME_5,
        TBA_THEME_6,
        TBA_THEME_7,
        TBA_THEME_8
    }

    enum Season {
        NONE,
        SPRING,
        SUMMER,
        AUTUMN,
        WINTER
    }

    enum Fabric {
        NULL,
        KOYAMAKI,
        SEIGAIHA,
        NAMI,
        KUMO,
        TBA_FABRIC_5,
        TBA_FABRIC_6,
        TBA_FABRIC_7,
        TBA_FABRIC_8
    }

    enum Foil {
        NONE,
        GOLD,
        PLATINUM,
        SUI_GENERIS
    }

    //---------------- Structs ----------------//

    /**
     * @notice The poem metadata traits.
     */
    struct PoemTraits {
        Theme theme;
        Season season;
        Fabric fabric;
        Foil foil;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Information about a series within the collection.
     */
    struct Series {
        string name;
        bytes32 provenanceHash;
        uint256 poemCreationDeadline;
        uint256 maxTokenIdExclusive;
        uint256 startingIndexBlockNumber;
        uint256 startingIndex;
        bool startingIndexWasSet;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Arguments to be signed by the mint authority to authorize a mint.
     */
    struct MintArgs {
        uint256 seriesIndex;
        uint256 mintPrice;
        uint256 maxTokenIdExclusive;
        uint256 nonce;
    }

    //---------------- Events ----------------//

    event SetSeriesInfo(
        uint256 indexed seriesIndex,
        string name,
        bytes32 provenanceHash
    );

    event EndedSeries(
        uint256 indexed seriesIndex,
        uint256 poemCreationDeadline,
        uint256 maxTokenIdExclusive,
        uint256 startingIndexBlockNumber
    );

    event AdvancedPoemCreationDeadline(
        uint256 indexed seriesIndex,
        uint256 poemCreationDeadline
    );

    event ResetSeriesStartingIndexBlockNumber(
        uint256 indexed seriesIndex,
        uint256 startingIndexBlockNumber
    );

    event SetSeriesStartingIndex(
        uint256 indexed seriesIndex,
        uint256 startingIndex
    );

    event FinishedPoem(
        uint256 indexed tokenId
    );
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import { Ownable } from "@openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable.sol";

import { IIkaniV1MetadataController } from "../interfaces/IIkaniV1MetadataController.sol";

/**
 * @title StaticUriMetadataController
 * @author Cyborg Labs, LLC
 *
 * @notice Implementation of the tokenURI function using a static URI.
 */
contract StaticUriMetadataController is
    Ownable,
    IIkaniV1MetadataController
{
    string internal _STATIC_URI_;

    constructor(
        string memory staticUri
    ) {
        _STATIC_URI_ = staticUri;
    }

    function setStaticUri(
        string calldata staticUri
    )
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        _STATIC_URI_ = staticUri;
    }

    function tokenURI(
        uint256 /* tokenId */
    )
        external
        view
        override
        returns (string memory)
    {
        return _STATIC_URI_;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (access/Ownable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../utils/Context.sol";

/**
 * @dev Contract module which provides a basic access control mechanism, where
 * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
 * specific functions.
 *
 * By default, the owner account will be the one that deploys the contract. This
 * can later be changed with {transferOwnership}.
 *
 * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the modifier
 * `onlyOwner`, which can be applied to your functions to restrict their use to
 * the owner.
 */
abstract contract Ownable is Context {
    address private _owner;

    event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract setting the deployer as the initial owner.
     */
    constructor() {
        _transferOwnership(_msgSender());
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address of the current owner.
     */
    function owner() public view virtual returns (address) {
        return _owner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
     */
    modifier onlyOwner() {
        require(owner() == _msgSender(), "Ownable: caller is not the owner");
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Leaves the contract without owner. It will not be possible to call
     * `onlyOwner` functions anymore. Can only be called by the current owner.
     *
     * NOTE: Renouncing ownership will leave the contract without an owner,
     * thereby removing any functionality that is only available to the owner.
     */
    function renounceOwnership() public virtual onlyOwner {
        _transferOwnership(address(0));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Can only be called by the current owner.
     */
    function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual onlyOwner {
        require(newOwner != address(0), "Ownable: new owner is the zero address");
        _transferOwnership(newOwner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     */
    function _transferOwnership(address newOwner) internal virtual {
        address oldOwner = _owner;
        _owner = newOwner;
        emit OwnershipTransferred(oldOwner, newOwner);
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/Context.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
 * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
 * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
 * manner, since when dealing with meta-transactions the account sending and
 * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
 * is concerned).
 *
 * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
 */
abstract contract Context {
    function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address) {
        return msg.sender;
    }

    function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes calldata) {
        return msg.data;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import { Strings } from "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Strings.sol";
import { Ownable } from "@openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable.sol";

import { IIkaniV1MetadataController } from "../interfaces/IIkaniV1MetadataController.sol";

/**
 * @title BaseUriMetadataController
 * @author Cyborg Labs, LLC
 *
 * @notice Implementation of the tokenURI function using a base URI.
 */
contract BaseUriMetadataController is
    Ownable,
    IIkaniV1MetadataController
{
    using Strings for uint256;

    string internal _BASE_URI_;

    constructor(
        string memory baseUri
    ) {
        _BASE_URI_ = baseUri;
    }

    function setBaseUri(
        string calldata baseUri
    )
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        _BASE_URI_ = baseUri;
    }

    function baseURI()
        external
        view
        returns (string memory)
    {
        return _BASE_URI_;
    }

    function tokenURI(
        uint256 tokenId
    )
        external
        view
        override
        returns (string memory)
    {
        string memory baseUri = _BASE_URI_;
        return bytes(baseUri).length > 0
            ? string(abi.encodePacked(baseUri, tokenId.toString()))
            : "";
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/Strings.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev String operations.
 */
library Strings {
    bytes16 private constant _HEX_SYMBOLS = "0123456789abcdef";

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.
     */
    function toString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        // Inspired by OraclizeAPI's implementation - MIT licence
        // https://github.com/oraclize/ethereum-api/blob/b42146b063c7d6ee1358846c198246239e9360e8/oraclizeAPI_0.4.25.sol

        if (value == 0) {
            return "0";
        }
        uint256 temp = value;
        uint256 digits;
        while (temp != 0) {
            digits++;
            temp /= 10;
        }
        bytes memory buffer = new bytes(digits);
        while (value != 0) {
            digits -= 1;
            buffer[digits] = bytes1(uint8(48 + uint256(value % 10)));
            value /= 10;
        }
        return string(buffer);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        if (value == 0) {
            return "0x00";
        }
        uint256 temp = value;
        uint256 length = 0;
        while (temp != 0) {
            length++;
            temp >>= 8;
        }
        return toHexString(value, length);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation with fixed length.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value, uint256 length) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        bytes memory buffer = new bytes(2 * length + 2);
        buffer[0] = "0";
        buffer[1] = "x";
        for (uint256 i = 2 * length + 1; i > 1; --i) {
            buffer[i] = _HEX_SYMBOLS[value & 0xf];
            value >>= 4;
        }
        require(value == 0, "Strings: hex length insufficient");
        return string(buffer);
    }
}

{
  "optimizer": {
    "enabled": true,
    "runs": 200
  },
  "evmVersion": "berlin",
  "outputSelection": {
    "*": {
      "*": [
        "evm.bytecode",
        "evm.deployedBytecode",
        "devdoc",
        "userdoc",
        "metadata",
        "abi"
      ]
    }
  },
  "libraries": {
    "contracts/staking/v2/lib/IS2Lib.sol": {
      "IS2Lib": "0xac25c2fb42b08ebab4d185efe4f9c8a430d97b1e"
    }
  }
}

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000000000000000000000000c232599b4359beb071b435134ab7aef3ec78c036000000000000000000000000a203b4af1e1fdda5f76bed36a63c7a6ef3e308ff

-----Decoded View---------------
Arg [0] : ikani (address): 0xC232599b4359bEb071b435134AB7AEf3EC78C036
Arg [1] : rewardsErc20 (address): 0xA203b4Af1e1fDDA5F76bEd36a63C7a6ef3E308Ff

-----Encoded View---------------
2 Constructor Arguments found :
Arg [0] : 000000000000000000000000c232599b4359beb071b435134ab7aef3ec78c036
Arg [1] : 000000000000000000000000a203b4af1e1fdda5f76bed36a63c7a6ef3e308ff