// SPDX-License-Identifier: BlueOak-1.0.0
pragma solidity 0.8.17;

import "../../p1/mixins/RecollateralizationLib.sol";
import "../../interfaces/IMain.sol";
import "../../interfaces/IRToken.sol";
import "./Asset.sol";

/// Once an RToken gets large enough to get a price feed, replacing this asset with
/// a simpler one will do wonders for gas usage
contract RTokenAsset is IAsset {
    using FixLib for uint192;
    using OracleLib for AggregatorV3Interface;

    // Component addresses are not mutable in protocol, so it's safe to cache these
    IBasketHandler public immutable basketHandler;
    IAssetRegistry public immutable assetRegistry;
    IBackingManager public immutable backingManager;

    IERC20Metadata public immutable erc20;

    uint8 public immutable erc20Decimals;

    uint192 public immutable override maxTradeVolume; // {UoA}

    /// @param maxTradeVolume_ {UoA} The max trade volume, in UoA
    constructor(IRToken erc20_, uint192 maxTradeVolume_) {
        require(address(erc20_) != address(0), "missing erc20");
        require(maxTradeVolume_ > 0, "invalid max trade volume");

        IMain main = erc20_.main();
        basketHandler = main.basketHandler();
        assetRegistry = main.assetRegistry();
        backingManager = main.backingManager();

        erc20 = IERC20Metadata(address(erc20_));
        erc20Decimals = erc20_.decimals();
        maxTradeVolume = maxTradeVolume_;
    }

    /// Can revert, used by other contract functions in order to catch errors
    /// @param low {UoA/tok} The low price estimate
    /// @param high {UoA/tok} The high price estimate
    function tryPrice() external view virtual returns (uint192 low, uint192 high) {
        (uint192 lowBUPrice, uint192 highBUPrice) = basketHandler.price(); // {UoA/BU}

        // Here we take advantage of the fact that we know RToken has 18 decimals
        // to convert between uint256 an uint192. Fits due to assumed max totalSupply.
        uint192 supply = _safeWrap(IRToken(address(erc20)).totalSupply());

        if (supply == 0) return (lowBUPrice, highBUPrice);

        // The RToken's price is not symmetric like other assets!
        // range.bottom is lower because of the slippage from the shortfall
        BasketRange memory range = basketRange(); // {BU}

        // {UoA/tok} = {BU} * {UoA/BU} / {tok}
        low = range.bottom.mulDiv(lowBUPrice, supply);
        high = range.top.mulDiv(highBUPrice, supply);
    }

    // solhint-disable no-empty-blocks
    function refresh() public virtual override {
        // No need to save lastPrice; can piggyback off the backing collateral's lotPrice()
    }

    // solhint-enable no-empty-blocks

    /// Should not revert
    /// @return {UoA/tok} The lower end of the price estimate
    /// @return {UoA/tok} The upper end of the price estimate
    function price() public view virtual returns (uint192, uint192) {
        try this.tryPrice() returns (uint192 low, uint192 high) {
            assert(low <= high);
            return (low, high);
        } catch (bytes memory errData) {
            // see: docs/solidity-style.md#Catching-Empty-Data
            if (errData.length == 0) revert(); // solhint-disable-line reason-string
            return (0, FIX_MAX);
        }
    }

    /// Should not revert
    /// lotLow should be nonzero when the asset might be worth selling
    /// @return lotLow {UoA/tok} The lower end of the lot price estimate
    /// @return lotHigh {UoA/tok} The upper end of the lot price estimate
    function lotPrice() external view returns (uint192 lotLow, uint192 lotHigh) {
        (uint192 buLow, uint192 buHigh) = basketHandler.lotPrice(); // {UoA/BU}

        // Here we take advantage of the fact that we know RToken has 18 decimals
        // to convert between uint256 an uint192. Fits due to assumed max totalSupply.
        uint192 supply = _safeWrap(IRToken(address(erc20)).totalSupply());

        if (supply == 0) return (buLow, buHigh);

        BasketRange memory range = basketRange(); // {BU}

        // {UoA/tok} = {BU} * {UoA/BU} / {tok}
        lotLow = range.bottom.mulDiv(buLow, supply);
        lotHigh = range.top.mulDiv(buHigh, supply);
    }

    /// @return {tok} The balance of the ERC20 in whole tokens
    function bal(address account) external view returns (uint192) {
        // The RToken has 18 decimals, so there's no reason to waste gas here doing a shiftl_toFix
        // return shiftl_toFix(erc20.balanceOf(account), -int8(erc20Decimals));
        return _safeWrap(erc20.balanceOf(account));
    }

    /// @return If the asset is an instance of ICollateral or not
    function isCollateral() external pure virtual returns (bool) {
        return false;
    }

    // solhint-disable no-empty-blocks

    /// Claim rewards earned by holding a balance of the ERC20 token
    /// @dev Use delegatecall
    function claimRewards() external virtual {}

    // solhint-enable no-empty-blocks

    // ==== Private ====

    function basketRange() private view returns (BasketRange memory range) {
        BasketRange memory basketsHeld = basketHandler.basketsHeldBy(address(backingManager));
        uint192 basketsNeeded = IRToken(address(erc20)).basketsNeeded(); // {BU}

        // if (basketHandler.fullyCollateralized())
        if (basketsHeld.bottom >= basketsNeeded) {
            range.bottom = basketsNeeded;
            range.top = basketsNeeded;
        } else {
            // Note: Extremely this is extremely wasteful in terms of gas. This only exists so
            // there is _some_ asset to represent the RToken itself when it is deployed, in
            // the absence of an external price feed. Any RToken that gets reasonably big
            // should switch over to an asset with a price feed.

            IMain main = backingManager.main();
            TradingContext memory ctx = TradingContext({
                basketsHeld: basketsHeld,
                bm: backingManager,
                bh: main.basketHandler(),
                reg: main.assetRegistry(),
                stRSR: main.stRSR(),
                rsr: main.rsr(),
                rToken: main.rToken(),
                minTradeVolume: backingManager.minTradeVolume(),
                maxTradeSlippage: backingManager.maxTradeSlippage()
            });

            Registry memory reg = assetRegistry.getRegistry();

            // will exclude UoA value from RToken balances at BackingManager
            range = RecollateralizationLibP1.basketRange(ctx, reg);
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

interface AggregatorV3Interface {
  function decimals() external view returns (uint8);

  function description() external view returns (string memory);

  function version() external view returns (uint256);

  // getRoundData and latestRoundData should both raise "No data present"
  // if they do not have data to report, instead of returning unset values
  // which could be misinterpreted as actual reported values.
  function getRoundData(uint80 _roundId)
    external
    view
    returns (
      uint80 roundId,
      int256 answer,
      uint256 startedAt,
      uint256 updatedAt,
      uint80 answeredInRound
    );

  function latestRoundData()
    external
    view
    returns (
      uint80 roundId,
      int256 answer,
      uint256 startedAt,
      uint256 updatedAt,
      uint80 answeredInRound
    );
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (access/IAccessControl.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev External interface of AccessControl declared to support ERC165 detection.
 */
interface IAccessControlUpgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `newAdminRole` is set as ``role``'s admin role, replacing `previousAdminRole`
     *
     * `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` is the starting admin for all roles, despite
     * {RoleAdminChanged} not being emitted signaling this.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    event RoleAdminChanged(bytes32 indexed role, bytes32 indexed previousAdminRole, bytes32 indexed newAdminRole);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `account` is granted `role`.
     *
     * `sender` is the account that originated the contract call, an admin role
     * bearer except when using {AccessControl-_setupRole}.
     */
    event RoleGranted(bytes32 indexed role, address indexed account, address indexed sender);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `account` is revoked `role`.
     *
     * `sender` is the account that originated the contract call:
     *   - if using `revokeRole`, it is the admin role bearer
     *   - if using `renounceRole`, it is the role bearer (i.e. `account`)
     */
    event RoleRevoked(bytes32 indexed role, address indexed account, address indexed sender);

    /**
     * @dev Returns `true` if `account` has been granted `role`.
     */
    function hasRole(bytes32 role, address account) external view returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the admin role that controls `role`. See {grantRole} and
     * {revokeRole}.
     *
     * To change a role's admin, use {AccessControl-_setRoleAdmin}.
     */
    function getRoleAdmin(bytes32 role) external view returns (bytes32);

    /**
     * @dev Grants `role` to `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had not been already granted `role`, emits a {RoleGranted}
     * event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role.
     */
    function grantRole(bytes32 role, address account) external;

    /**
     * @dev Revokes `role` from `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had been granted `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role.
     */
    function revokeRole(bytes32 role, address account) external;

    /**
     * @dev Revokes `role` from the calling account.
     *
     * Roles are often managed via {grantRole} and {revokeRole}: this function's
     * purpose is to provide a mechanism for accounts to lose their privileges
     * if they are compromised (such as when a trusted device is misplaced).
     *
     * If the calling account had been granted `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked}
     * event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must be `account`.
     */
    function renounceRole(bytes32 role, address account) external;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (token/ERC20/extensions/draft-IERC20Permit.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC20 Permit extension allowing approvals to be made via signatures, as defined in
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612[EIP-2612].
 *
 * Adds the {permit} method, which can be used to change an account's ERC20 allowance (see {IERC20-allowance}) by
 * presenting a message signed by the account. By not relying on {IERC20-approve}, the token holder account doesn't
 * need to send a transaction, and thus is not required to hold Ether at all.
 */
interface IERC20PermitUpgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Sets `value` as the allowance of `spender` over ``owner``'s tokens,
     * given ``owner``'s signed approval.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: The same issues {IERC20-approve} has related to transaction
     * ordering also apply here.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `deadline` must be a timestamp in the future.
     * - `v`, `r` and `s` must be a valid `secp256k1` signature from `owner`
     * over the EIP712-formatted function arguments.
     * - the signature must use ``owner``'s current nonce (see {nonces}).
     *
     * For more information on the signature format, see the
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612#specification[relevant EIP
     * section].
     */
    function permit(
        address owner,
        address spender,
        uint256 value,
        uint256 deadline,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) external;

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current nonce for `owner`. This value must be
     * included whenever a signature is generated for {permit}.
     *
     * Every successful call to {permit} increases ``owner``'s nonce by one. This
     * prevents a signature from being used multiple times.
     */
    function nonces(address owner) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the domain separator used in the encoding of the signature for {permit}, as defined by {EIP712}.
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function DOMAIN_SEPARATOR() external view returns (bytes32);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../IERC20Upgradeable.sol";

/**
 * @dev Interface for the optional metadata functions from the ERC20 standard.
 *
 * _Available since v4.1._
 */
interface IERC20MetadataUpgradeable is IERC20Upgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the name of the token.
     */
    function name() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the symbol of the token.
     */
    function symbol() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the decimals places of the token.
     */
    function decimals() external view returns (uint8);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.6.0) (token/ERC20/IERC20.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC20 standard as defined in the EIP.
 */
interface IERC20Upgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens are moved from one account (`from`) to
     * another (`to`).
     *
     * Note that `value` may be zero.
     */
    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the allowance of a `spender` for an `owner` is set by
     * a call to {approve}. `value` is the new allowance.
     */
    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens in existence.
     */
    function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens owned by `account`.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from the caller's account to `to`.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transfer(address to, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remaining number of tokens that `spender` will be
     * allowed to spend on behalf of `owner` through {transferFrom}. This is
     * zero by default.
     *
     * This value changes when {approve} or {transferFrom} are called.
     */
    function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the caller's tokens.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk
     * that someone may use both the old and the new allowance by unfortunate
     * transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this race
     * condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the
     * desired value afterwards:
     * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     */
    function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from `from` to `to` using the
     * allowance mechanism. `amount` is then deducted from the caller's
     * allowance.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 amount
    ) external returns (bool);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../IERC20.sol";

/**
 * @dev Interface for the optional metadata functions from the ERC20 standard.
 *
 * _Available since v4.1._
 */
interface IERC20Metadata is IERC20 {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the name of the token.
     */
    function name() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the symbol of the token.
     */
    function symbol() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the decimals places of the token.
     */
    function decimals() external view returns (uint8);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.6.0) (token/ERC20/IERC20.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC20 standard as defined in the EIP.
 */
interface IERC20 {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens are moved from one account (`from`) to
     * another (`to`).
     *
     * Note that `value` may be zero.
     */
    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the allowance of a `spender` for an `owner` is set by
     * a call to {approve}. `value` is the new allowance.
     */
    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens in existence.
     */
    function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens owned by `account`.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from the caller's account to `to`.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transfer(address to, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remaining number of tokens that `spender` will be
     * allowed to spend on behalf of `owner` through {transferFrom}. This is
     * zero by default.
     *
     * This value changes when {approve} or {transferFrom} are called.
     */
    function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the caller's tokens.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk
     * that someone may use both the old and the new allowance by unfortunate
     * transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this race
     * condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the
     * desired value afterwards:
     * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     */
    function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from `from` to `to` using the
     * allowance mechanism. `amount` is then deducted from the caller's
     * allowance.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 amount
    ) external returns (bool);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: BlueOak-1.0.0
pragma solidity 0.8.17;

import "@chainlink/contracts/src/v0.8/interfaces/AggregatorV3Interface.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol";
import "../libraries/Fixed.sol";
import "./IMain.sol";
import "./IRewardable.sol";

/**
 * @title IAsset
 * @notice Supertype. Any token that interacts with our system must be wrapped in an asset,
 * whether it is used as RToken backing or not. Any token that can report a price in the UoA
 * is eligible to be an asset.
 */
interface IAsset is IRewardable {
    /// Refresh saved price
    /// The Reserve protocol calls this at least once per transaction, before relying on
    /// the Asset's other functions.
    /// @dev Called immediately after deployment, before use
    function refresh() external;

    /// Should not revert
    /// @return low {UoA/tok} The lower end of the price estimate
    /// @return high {UoA/tok} The upper end of the price estimate
    function price() external view returns (uint192 low, uint192 high);

    /// Should not revert
    /// lotLow should be nonzero when the asset might be worth selling
    /// @return lotLow {UoA/tok} The lower end of the lot price estimate
    /// @return lotHigh {UoA/tok} The upper end of the lot price estimate
    function lotPrice() external view returns (uint192 lotLow, uint192 lotHigh);

    /// @return {tok} The balance of the ERC20 in whole tokens
    function bal(address account) external view returns (uint192);

    /// @return The ERC20 contract of the token with decimals() available
    function erc20() external view returns (IERC20Metadata);

    /// @return The number of decimals in the ERC20; just for gas optimization
    function erc20Decimals() external view returns (uint8);

    /// @return If the asset is an instance of ICollateral or not
    function isCollateral() external view returns (bool);

    /// @param {UoA} The max trade volume, in UoA
    function maxTradeVolume() external view returns (uint192);
}

interface TestIAsset is IAsset {
    function chainlinkFeed() external view returns (AggregatorV3Interface);
}

/// CollateralStatus must obey a linear ordering. That is:
/// - being DISABLED is worse than being IFFY, or SOUND
/// - being IFFY is worse than being SOUND.
enum CollateralStatus {
    SOUND,
    IFFY, // When a peg is not holding or a chainlink feed is stale
    DISABLED // When the collateral has completely defaulted
}

/// Upgrade-safe maximum operator for CollateralStatus
library CollateralStatusComparator {
    /// @return Whether a is worse than b
    function worseThan(CollateralStatus a, CollateralStatus b) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return uint256(a) > uint256(b);
    }
}

/**
 * @title ICollateral
 * @notice A subtype of Asset that consists of the tokens eligible to back the RToken.
 */
interface ICollateral is IAsset {
    /// Emitted whenever the collateral status is changed
    /// @param newStatus The old CollateralStatus
    /// @param newStatus The updated CollateralStatus
    event CollateralStatusChanged(
        CollateralStatus indexed oldStatus,
        CollateralStatus indexed newStatus
    );

    /// @dev refresh()
    /// Refresh exchange rates and update default status.
    /// VERY IMPORTANT: In any valid implemntation, status() MUST become DISABLED in refresh() if
    /// refPerTok() has ever decreased since last call.

    /// @return The canonical name of this collateral's target unit.
    function targetName() external view returns (bytes32);

    /// @return The status of this collateral asset. (Is it defaulting? Might it soon?)
    function status() external view returns (CollateralStatus);

    // ==== Exchange Rates ====

    /// @return {ref/tok} Quantity of whole reference units per whole collateral tokens
    function refPerTok() external view returns (uint192);

    /// @return {target/ref} Quantity of whole target units per whole reference unit in the peg
    function targetPerRef() external view returns (uint192);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: BlueOak-1.0.0
pragma solidity 0.8.17;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";
import "./IAsset.sol";
import "./IComponent.sol";

/// A serialization of the AssetRegistry to be passed around in the P1 impl for gas optimization
struct Registry {
    IERC20[] erc20s;
    IAsset[] assets;
}

/**
 * @title IAssetRegistry
 * @notice The AssetRegistry is in charge of maintaining the ERC20 tokens eligible
 *   to be handled by the rest of the system. If an asset is in the registry, this means:
 *      1. Its ERC20 contract has been vetted
 *      2. The asset is the only asset for that ERC20
 *      3. The asset can be priced in the UoA, usually via an oracle
 */
interface IAssetRegistry is IComponent {
    /// Emitted when an asset is added to the registry
    /// @param erc20 The ERC20 contract for the asset
    /// @param asset The asset contract added to the registry
    event AssetRegistered(IERC20 indexed erc20, IAsset indexed asset);

    /// Emitted when an asset is removed from the registry
    /// @param erc20 The ERC20 contract for the asset
    /// @param asset The asset contract removed from the registry
    event AssetUnregistered(IERC20 indexed erc20, IAsset indexed asset);

    // Initialization
    function init(IMain main_, IAsset[] memory assets_) external;

    /// Fully refresh all asset state
    /// @custom:interaction
    function refresh() external;

    /// @return The corresponding asset for ERC20, or reverts if not registered
    function toAsset(IERC20 erc20) external view returns (IAsset);

    /// @return The corresponding collateral, or reverts if unregistered or not collateral
    function toColl(IERC20 erc20) external view returns (ICollateral);

    /// @return If the ERC20 is registered
    function isRegistered(IERC20 erc20) external view returns (bool);

    /// @return A list of all registered ERC20s
    function erc20s() external view returns (IERC20[] memory);

    /// @return reg The list of registered ERC20s and Assets, in the same order
    function getRegistry() external view returns (Registry memory reg);

    function register(IAsset asset) external returns (bool);

    function swapRegistered(IAsset asset) external returns (bool swapped);

    function unregister(IAsset asset) external;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: BlueOak-1.0.0
pragma solidity 0.8.17;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";
import "./IComponent.sol";
import "./ITrading.sol";

/**
 * @title IBackingManager
 * @notice The BackingManager handles changes in the ERC20 balances that back an RToken.
 *   - It computes which trades to perform, if any, and initiates these trades with the Broker.
 *   - If already collateralized, excess assets are transferred to RevenueTraders.
 *
 * `manageTokens(erc20s)` and `manageTokensSortedOrder(erc20s)` are handles for getting at the
 *   same underlying functionality. The former allows an ERC20 list in any order, while the
 *   latter requires a sorted array, and executes in O(n) rather than O(n^2) time. In the
 *   vast majority of cases we expect the the O(n^2) function to be acceptable.
 */
interface IBackingManager is IComponent, ITrading {
    event TradingDelaySet(uint48 indexed oldVal, uint48 indexed newVal);
    event BackingBufferSet(uint192 indexed oldVal, uint192 indexed newVal);

    // Initialization
    function init(
        IMain main_,
        uint48 tradingDelay_,
        uint192 backingBuffer_,
        uint192 maxTradeSlippage_,
        uint192 minTradeVolume_
    ) external;

    // Give RToken max allowance over a registered token
    /// @custom:refresher
    /// @custom:interaction
    function grantRTokenAllowance(IERC20) external;

    /// Maintain the overall backing policy; handout assets otherwise
    /// @dev Performs a uniqueness check on the erc20s list in O(n^2)
    /// @custom:interaction
    function manageTokens(IERC20[] memory erc20s) external;

    /// Maintain the overall backing policy; handout assets otherwise
    /// @dev Tokens must be in sorted order!
    /// @dev Performs a uniqueness check on the erc20s list in O(n)
    /// @custom:interaction
    function manageTokensSortedOrder(IERC20[] memory erc20s) external;
}

interface TestIBackingManager is IBackingManager, TestITrading {
    function tradingDelay() external view returns (uint48);

    function backingBuffer() external view returns (uint192);

    function setTradingDelay(uint48 val) external;

    function setBackingBuffer(uint192 val) external;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: BlueOak-1.0.0
pragma solidity 0.8.17;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";
import "../libraries/Fixed.sol";
import "./IAsset.sol";
import "./IComponent.sol";

struct BasketRange {
    uint192 bottom; // {BU}
    uint192 top; // {BU}
}

/**
 * @title IBasketHandler
 * @notice The BasketHandler aims to maintain a reference basket of constant target unit amounts.
 * When a collateral token defaults, a new reference basket of equal target units is set.
 * When _all_ collateral tokens default for a target unit, only then is the basket allowed to fall
 *   in terms of target unit amounts. The basket is considered defaulted in this case.
 */
interface IBasketHandler is IComponent {
    /// Emitted when the prime basket is set
    /// @param erc20s The collateral tokens for the prime basket
    /// @param targetAmts {target/BU} A list of quantities of target unit per basket unit
    /// @param targetNames Each collateral token's targetName
    event PrimeBasketSet(IERC20[] erc20s, uint192[] targetAmts, bytes32[] targetNames);

    /// Emitted when the reference basket is set
    /// @param nonce The basket nonce
    /// @param erc20s The list of collateral tokens in the reference basket
    /// @param refAmts {ref/BU} The reference amounts of the basket collateral tokens
    /// @param disabled True when the list of erc20s + refAmts may not be correct
    event BasketSet(uint256 indexed nonce, IERC20[] erc20s, uint192[] refAmts, bool disabled);

    /// Emitted when a backup config is set for a target unit
    /// @param targetName The name of the target unit as a bytes32
    /// @param max The max number to use from `erc20s`
    /// @param erc20s The set of backup collateral tokens
    event BackupConfigSet(bytes32 indexed targetName, uint256 indexed max, IERC20[] erc20s);

    // Initialization
    function init(IMain main_) external;

    /// Set the prime basket
    /// @param erc20s The collateral tokens for the new prime basket
    /// @param targetAmts The target amounts (in) {target/BU} for the new prime basket
    ///                   required range: 1e9 values; absolute range irrelevant.
    /// @custom:governance
    function setPrimeBasket(IERC20[] memory erc20s, uint192[] memory targetAmts) external;

    /// Set the backup configuration for a given target
    /// @param targetName The name of the target as a bytes32
    /// @param max The maximum number of collateral tokens to use from this target
    ///            Required range: 1-255
    /// @param erc20s A list of ordered backup collateral tokens
    /// @custom:governance
    function setBackupConfig(
        bytes32 targetName,
        uint256 max,
        IERC20[] calldata erc20s
    ) external;

    /// Default the basket in order to schedule a basket refresh
    /// @custom:protected
    function disableBasket() external;

    /// Governance-controlled setter to cause a basket switch explicitly
    /// @custom:governance
    /// @custom:interaction
    function refreshBasket() external;

    /// @return If the BackingManager has sufficient collateral to redeem the entire RToken supply
    function fullyCollateralized() external view returns (bool);

    /// @return status The worst CollateralStatus of all collateral in the basket
    function status() external view returns (CollateralStatus status);

    /// @param erc20 The ERC20 token contract for the asset
    /// @return {tok/BU} The whole token quantity of token in the reference basket
    /// Returns 0 if erc20 is not registered or not in the basket
    /// Returns FIX_MAX (in lieu of +infinity) if Collateral.refPerTok() is 0.
    /// Otherwise, returns (token's basket.refAmts / token's Collateral.refPerTok())
    function quantity(IERC20 erc20) external view returns (uint192);

    /// Like quantity(), but unsafe because it DOES NOT CONFIRM THAT THE ASSET IS CORRECT
    /// @param erc20 The ERC20 token contract for the asset
    /// @param asset The registered asset plugin contract for the erc20
    /// @return {tok/BU} The whole token quantity of token in the reference basket
    /// Returns 0 if erc20 is not registered or not in the basket
    /// Returns FIX_MAX (in lieu of +infinity) if Collateral.refPerTok() is 0.
    /// Otherwise, returns (token's basket.refAmts / token's Collateral.refPerTok())
    function quantityUnsafe(IERC20 erc20, IAsset asset) external view returns (uint192);

    /// @param amount {BU}
    /// @return erc20s The addresses of the ERC20 tokens in the reference basket
    /// @return quantities {qTok} The quantity of each ERC20 token to issue `amount` baskets
    function quote(uint192 amount, RoundingMode rounding)
        external
        view
        returns (address[] memory erc20s, uint256[] memory quantities);

    /// @return top {BU} The number of partial basket units: e.g max(coll.map((c) => c.balAsBUs())
    ///         bottom {BU} The number of whole basket units held by the account
    function basketsHeldBy(address account) external view returns (BasketRange memory);

    /// Should not revert
    /// @return low {UoA/BU} The lower end of the price estimate
    /// @return high {UoA/BU} The upper end of the price estimate
    function price() external view returns (uint192 low, uint192 high);

    /// Should not revert
    /// lotLow should be nonzero if a BU could be worth selling
    /// @return lotLow {UoA/tok} The lower end of the lot price estimate
    /// @return lotHigh {UoA/tok} The upper end of the lot price estimate
    function lotPrice() external view returns (uint192 lotLow, uint192 lotHigh);

    /// @return timestamp The timestamp at which the basket was last set
    function timestamp() external view returns (uint48);

    /// @return The current basket nonce, regardless of status
    function nonce() external view returns (uint48);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: BlueOak-1.0.0
pragma solidity 0.8.17;

import "./IAsset.sol";
import "./IComponent.sol";
import "./IGnosis.sol";
import "./ITrade.sol";

/// The data format that describes a request for trade with the Broker
struct TradeRequest {
    IAsset sell;
    IAsset buy;
    uint256 sellAmount; // {qSellTok}
    uint256 minBuyAmount; // {qBuyTok}
}

/**
 * @title IBroker
 * @notice The Broker deploys oneshot Trade contracts for Traders and monitors
 *   the continued proper functioning of trading platforms.
 */
interface IBroker is IComponent {
    event AuctionLengthSet(uint48 indexed oldVal, uint48 indexed newVal);
    event DisabledSet(bool indexed prevVal, bool indexed newVal);

    // Initialization
    function init(
        IMain main_,
        IGnosis gnosis_,
        ITrade tradeImplementation_,
        uint48 auctionLength_
    ) external;

    /// Request a trade from the broker
    /// @dev Requires setting an allowance in advance
    /// @custom:interaction
    function openTrade(TradeRequest memory req) external returns (ITrade);

    /// Only callable by one of the trading contracts the broker deploys
    function reportViolation() external;

    function disabled() external view returns (bool);
}

interface TestIBroker is IBroker {
    function gnosis() external view returns (IGnosis);

    function auctionLength() external view returns (uint48);

    function setAuctionLength(uint48 newAuctionLength) external;

    function setDisabled(bool disabled_) external;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: BlueOak-1.0.0
pragma solidity 0.8.17;

import "./IMain.sol";
import "./IVersioned.sol";

/**
 * @title IComponent
 * @notice A Component is the central building block of all our system contracts. Components
 *   contain important state that must be migrated during upgrades, and they delegate
 *   their ownership to Main's owner.
 */
interface IComponent is IVersioned {
    function main() external view returns (IMain);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: BlueOak-1.0.0
pragma solidity 0.8.17;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";
import "./IComponent.sol";

struct RevenueShare {
    uint16 rTokenDist; // {revShare} A value between [0, 10,000]
    uint16 rsrDist; // {revShare} A value between [0, 10,000]
}

/// Assumes no more than 1024 independent distributions.
struct RevenueTotals {
    uint24 rTokenTotal; // {revShare}
    uint24 rsrTotal; // {revShare}
}

/**
 * @title IDistributor
 * @notice The Distributor Component maintains a revenue distribution table that dictates
 *   how to divide revenue across the Furnace, StRSR, and any other destinations.
 */
interface IDistributor is IComponent {
    /// Emitted when a distribution is set
    /// @param dest The address set to receive the distribution
    /// @param rTokenDist The distribution of RToken that should go to `dest`
    /// @param rsrDist The distribution of RSR that should go to `dest`
    event DistributionSet(address dest, uint16 rTokenDist, uint16 rsrDist);

    /// Emitted when revenue is distributed
    /// @param erc20 The token being distributed, either RSR or the RToken itself
    /// @param source The address providing the revenue
    /// @param amount The amount of the revenue
    event RevenueDistributed(IERC20 indexed erc20, address indexed source, uint256 indexed amount);

    // Initialization
    function init(IMain main_, RevenueShare memory dist) external;

    /// @custom:governance
    function setDistribution(address dest, RevenueShare memory share) external;

    /// Distribute the `erc20` token across all revenue destinations
    /// @custom:interaction
    function distribute(IERC20 erc20, uint256 amount) external;

    /// @return revTotals The total of all  destinations
    function totals() external view returns (RevenueTotals memory revTotals);
}

interface TestIDistributor is IDistributor {
    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function FURNACE() external view returns (address);

    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function ST_RSR() external view returns (address);

    /// @return rTokenDist The RToken distribution for the address
    /// @return rsrDist The RSR distribution for the address
    function distribution(address) external view returns (uint16 rTokenDist, uint16 rsrDist);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: BlueOak-1.0.0
pragma solidity 0.8.17;

import "../libraries/Fixed.sol";
import "./IComponent.sol";

/**
 * @title IFurnace
 * @notice A helper contract to burn RTokens slowly and permisionlessly.
 */
interface IFurnace is IComponent {
    // Initialization
    function init(IMain main_, uint192 ratio_) external;

    /// Emitted when the melting ratio is changed
    /// @param oldRatio The old ratio
    /// @param newRatio The new ratio
    event RatioSet(uint192 indexed oldRatio, uint192 indexed newRatio);

    function ratio() external view returns (uint192);

    ///    Needed value range: [0, 1], granularity 1e-9
    /// @custom:governance
    function setRatio(uint192) external;

    /// Performs any RToken melting that has vested since the last payout.
    /// @custom:refresher
    function melt() external;
}

interface TestIFurnace is IFurnace {
    function lastPayout() external view returns (uint256);

    function lastPayoutBal() external view returns (uint256);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: BlueOak-1.0.0
pragma solidity 0.8.17;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";

struct GnosisAuctionData {
    IERC20 auctioningToken;
    IERC20 biddingToken;
    uint256 orderCancellationEndDate;
    uint256 auctionEndDate;
    bytes32 initialAuctionOrder;
    uint256 minimumBiddingAmountPerOrder;
    uint256 interimSumBidAmount;
    bytes32 interimOrder;
    bytes32 clearingPriceOrder;
    uint96 volumeClearingPriceOrder;
    bool minFundingThresholdNotReached;
    bool isAtomicClosureAllowed;
    uint256 feeNumerator;
    uint256 minFundingThreshold;
}

/// The relevant portion of the interface of the live Gnosis EasyAuction contract
/// https://github.com/gnosis/ido-contracts/blob/main/contracts/EasyAuction.sol
interface IGnosis {
    function initiateAuction(
        IERC20 auctioningToken,
        IERC20 biddingToken,
        uint256 orderCancellationEndDate,
        uint256 auctionEndDate,
        uint96 auctionedSellAmount,
        uint96 minBuyAmount,
        uint256 minimumBiddingAmountPerOrder,
        uint256 minFundingThreshold,
        bool isAtomicClosureAllowed,
        address accessManagerContract,
        bytes memory accessManagerContractData
    ) external returns (uint256 auctionId);

    function auctionData(uint256 auctionId) external view returns (GnosisAuctionData memory);

    /// @param auctionId The external auction id
    /// @dev See here for decoding: https://git.io/JMang
    /// @return encodedOrder The order, encoded in a bytes 32
    function settleAuction(uint256 auctionId) external returns (bytes32 encodedOrder);

    /// @return The numerator over a 1000-valued denominator
    function feeNumerator() external returns (uint256);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: BlueOak-1.0.0
pragma solidity 0.8.17;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/access/IAccessControlUpgradeable.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";
import "./IAssetRegistry.sol";
import "./IBasketHandler.sol";
import "./IBackingManager.sol";
import "./IBroker.sol";
import "./IGnosis.sol";
import "./IFurnace.sol";
import "./IDistributor.sol";
import "./IRToken.sol";
import "./IRevenueTrader.sol";
import "./IStRSR.sol";
import "./ITrading.sol";
import "./IVersioned.sol";

// === Auth roles ===

bytes32 constant OWNER = bytes32(bytes("OWNER"));
bytes32 constant SHORT_FREEZER = bytes32(bytes("SHORT_FREEZER"));
bytes32 constant LONG_FREEZER = bytes32(bytes("LONG_FREEZER"));
bytes32 constant PAUSER = bytes32(bytes("PAUSER"));

/**
 * Main is a central hub that maintains a list of Component contracts.
 *
 * Components:
 *   - perform a specific function
 *   - defer auth to Main
 *   - usually (but not always) contain sizeable state that require a proxy
 */
struct Components {
    // Definitely need proxy
    IRToken rToken;
    IStRSR stRSR;
    IAssetRegistry assetRegistry;
    IBasketHandler basketHandler;
    IBackingManager backingManager;
    IDistributor distributor;
    IFurnace furnace;
    IBroker broker;
    IRevenueTrader rsrTrader;
    IRevenueTrader rTokenTrader;
}

interface IAuth is IAccessControlUpgradeable {
    /// Emitted when `unfreezeAt` is changed
    /// @param oldVal The old value of `unfreezeAt`
    /// @param newVal The new value of `unfreezeAt`
    event UnfreezeAtSet(uint48 indexed oldVal, uint48 indexed newVal);

    /// Emitted when the short freeze duration governance param is changed
    /// @param oldDuration The old short freeze duration
    /// @param newDuration The new short freeze duration
    event ShortFreezeDurationSet(uint48 indexed oldDuration, uint48 indexed newDuration);

    /// Emitted when the long freeze duration governance param is changed
    /// @param oldDuration The old long freeze duration
    /// @param newDuration The new long freeze duration
    event LongFreezeDurationSet(uint48 indexed oldDuration, uint48 indexed newDuration);

    /// Emitted when the system is paused or unpaused
    /// @param oldVal The old value of `paused`
    /// @param newVal The new value of `paused`
    event PausedSet(bool indexed oldVal, bool indexed newVal);

    /**
     * Paused: Disable everything except for OWNER actions, RToken.redeem, StRSR.stake,
     * and StRSR.payoutRewards
     * Frozen: Disable everything except for OWNER actions + StRSR.stake (for governance)
     */

    function pausedOrFrozen() external view returns (bool);

    function frozen() external view returns (bool);

    function shortFreeze() external view returns (uint48);

    function longFreeze() external view returns (uint48);

    // ====

    // onlyRole(OWNER)
    function freezeForever() external;

    // onlyRole(SHORT_FREEZER)
    function freezeShort() external;

    // onlyRole(LONG_FREEZER)
    function freezeLong() external;

    // onlyRole(OWNER)
    function unfreeze() external;

    function pause() external;

    function unpause() external;
}

interface IComponentRegistry {
    // === Component setters/getters ===

    event RTokenSet(IRToken indexed oldVal, IRToken indexed newVal);

    function rToken() external view returns (IRToken);

    event StRSRSet(IStRSR indexed oldVal, IStRSR indexed newVal);

    function stRSR() external view returns (IStRSR);

    event AssetRegistrySet(IAssetRegistry indexed oldVal, IAssetRegistry indexed newVal);

    function assetRegistry() external view returns (IAssetRegistry);

    event BasketHandlerSet(IBasketHandler indexed oldVal, IBasketHandler indexed newVal);

    function basketHandler() external view returns (IBasketHandler);

    event BackingManagerSet(IBackingManager indexed oldVal, IBackingManager indexed newVal);

    function backingManager() external view returns (IBackingManager);

    event DistributorSet(IDistributor indexed oldVal, IDistributor indexed newVal);

    function distributor() external view returns (IDistributor);

    event RSRTraderSet(IRevenueTrader indexed oldVal, IRevenueTrader indexed newVal);

    function rsrTrader() external view returns (IRevenueTrader);

    event RTokenTraderSet(IRevenueTrader indexed oldVal, IRevenueTrader indexed newVal);

    function rTokenTrader() external view returns (IRevenueTrader);

    event FurnaceSet(IFurnace indexed oldVal, IFurnace indexed newVal);

    function furnace() external view returns (IFurnace);

    event BrokerSet(IBroker indexed oldVal, IBroker indexed newVal);

    function broker() external view returns (IBroker);
}

/**
 * @title IMain
 * @notice The central hub for the entire system. Maintains components and an owner singleton role
 */
interface IMain is IVersioned, IAuth, IComponentRegistry {
    function poke() external; // not used in p1

    // === Initialization ===

    event MainInitialized();

    function init(
        Components memory components,
        IERC20 rsr_,
        uint48 shortFreeze_,
        uint48 longFreeze_
    ) external;

    function rsr() external view returns (IERC20);
}

interface TestIMain is IMain {
    /// @custom:governance
    function setShortFreeze(uint48) external;

    /// @custom:governance
    function setLongFreeze(uint48) external;

    function shortFreeze() external view returns (uint48);

    function longFreeze() external view returns (uint48);

    function longFreezes(address account) external view returns (uint256);

    function paused() external view returns (bool);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: BlueOak-1.0.0
pragma solidity 0.8.17;

import "./IComponent.sol";
import "./ITrading.sol";

/**
 * @title IRevenueTrader
 * @notice The RevenueTrader is an extension of the trading mixin that trades all
 *   assets at its address for a single target asset. There are two runtime instances
 *   of the RevenueTrader, 1 for RToken and 1 for RSR.
 */
interface IRevenueTrader is IComponent, ITrading {
    // Initialization
    function init(
        IMain main_,
        IERC20 tokenToBuy_,
        uint192 maxTradeSlippage_,
        uint192 minTradeVolume_
    ) external;

    /// Processes a single token; unpermissioned
    /// @dev Intended to be used with multicall
    /// @custom:interaction
    function manageToken(IERC20 sell) external;
}

// solhint-disable-next-line no-empty-blocks
interface TestIRevenueTrader is IRevenueTrader, TestITrading {
    function tokenToBuy() external view returns (IERC20);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: BlueOak-1.0.0
pragma solidity 0.8.17;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";
import "./IComponent.sol";
import "./IMain.sol";

/**
 * @title IRewardable
 * @notice A simple interface mixin to support claiming of rewards.
 */
interface IRewardable {
    /// Emitted whenever a reward token balance is claimed
    event RewardsClaimed(IERC20 indexed erc20, uint256 indexed amount);

    /// Claim rewards earned by holding a balance of the ERC20 token
    /// Must emit `RewardsClaimed` for each token rewards are claimed for
    /// @dev delegatecall: there be dragons here!
    /// @custom:interaction
    function claimRewards() external;
}

/**
 * @title IRewardableComponent
 * @notice A simple interface mixin to support claiming of rewards.
 */
interface IRewardableComponent is IRewardable {
    /// Claim rewards for a single ERC20
    /// Must emit `RewardsClaimed` for each token rewards are claimed for
    /// @dev delegatecall: there be dragons here!
    /// @custom:interaction
    function claimRewardsSingle(IERC20 erc20) external;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: BlueOak-1.0.0
pragma solidity 0.8.17;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20MetadataUpgradeable.sol";
// solhint-disable-next-line max-line-length
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/token/ERC20/extensions/draft-IERC20PermitUpgradeable.sol";
import "../libraries/Fixed.sol";
import "../libraries/Throttle.sol";
import "./IAsset.sol";
import "./IComponent.sol";
import "./IMain.sol";
import "./IRewardable.sol";

/**
 * @title IRToken
 * @notice An RToken is an ERC20 that is permissionlessly issuable/redeemable and tracks an
 *   exchange rate against a single unit: baskets, or {BU} in our type notation.
 */
interface IRToken is IComponent, IERC20MetadataUpgradeable, IERC20PermitUpgradeable {
    /// Emitted when an issuance of RToken occurs, whether it occurs via slow minting or not
    /// @param issuer The address holding collateral tokens
    /// @param recipient The address of the recipient of the RTokens
    /// @param amount The quantity of RToken being issued
    /// @param baskets The corresponding number of baskets
    event Issuance(
        address indexed issuer,
        address indexed recipient,
        uint256 indexed amount,
        uint192 baskets
    );

    /// Emitted when a redemption of RToken occurs
    /// @param redeemer The address holding RToken
    /// @param recipient The address of the account receiving the backing collateral tokens
    /// @param amount The quantity of RToken being redeemed
    /// @param baskets The corresponding number of baskets
    /// @param amount {qRTok} The amount of RTokens canceled
    event Redemption(
        address indexed redeemer,
        address indexed recipient,
        uint256 indexed amount,
        uint192 baskets
    );

    /// Emitted when the number of baskets needed changes
    /// @param oldBasketsNeeded Previous number of baskets units needed
    /// @param newBasketsNeeded New number of basket units needed
    event BasketsNeededChanged(uint192 oldBasketsNeeded, uint192 newBasketsNeeded);

    /// Emitted when RToken is melted, i.e the RToken supply is decreased but basketsNeeded is not
    /// @param amount {qRTok}
    event Melted(uint256 amount);

    /// Emitted when issuance SupplyThrottle params are set
    event IssuanceThrottleSet(ThrottleLib.Params oldVal, ThrottleLib.Params newVal);

    /// Emitted when redemption SupplyThrottle params are set
    event RedemptionThrottleSet(ThrottleLib.Params oldVal, ThrottleLib.Params newVal);

    // Initialization
    function init(
        IMain main_,
        string memory name_,
        string memory symbol_,
        string memory mandate_,
        ThrottleLib.Params calldata issuanceThrottleParams,
        ThrottleLib.Params calldata redemptionThrottleParams
    ) external;

    /// Issue an RToken with basket collateral
    /// @param amount {qRTok} The quantity of RToken to issue
    /// @custom:interaction
    function issue(uint256 amount) external;

    /// Issue an RToken with basket collateral, to a particular recipient
    /// @param recipient The address to receive the issued RTokens
    /// @param amount {qRTok} The quantity of RToken to issue
    /// @custom:interaction
    function issueTo(address recipient, uint256 amount) external;

    /// Redeem RToken for basket collateral
    /// @param amount {qRTok} The quantity {qRToken} of RToken to redeem
    /// @param basketNonce The nonce of the basket the redemption should be from; else reverts
    /// @custom:interaction
    function redeem(uint256 amount, uint48 basketNonce) external;

    /// Redeem RToken for basket collateral to a particular recipient
    /// @param recipient The address to receive the backing collateral tokens
    /// @param amount {qRTok} The quantity {qRToken} of RToken to redeem
    /// @param basketNonce The nonce of the basket the redemption should be from; else reverts
    /// @custom:interaction
    function redeemTo(
        address recipient,
        uint256 amount,
        uint48 basketNonce
    ) external;

    /// Mints a quantity of RToken to the `recipient`, callable only by the BackingManager
    /// @param recipient The recipient of the newly minted RToken
    /// @param amount {qRTok} The amount to be minted
    /// @custom:protected
    function mint(address recipient, uint256 amount) external;

    /// Melt a quantity of RToken from the caller's account
    /// @param amount {qRTok} The amount to be melted
    function melt(uint256 amount) external;

    /// Set the number of baskets needed directly, callable only by the BackingManager
    /// @param basketsNeeded {BU} The number of baskets to target
    ///                      needed range: pretty interesting
    /// @custom:protected
    function setBasketsNeeded(uint192 basketsNeeded) external;

    /// @return {BU} How many baskets are being targeted
    function basketsNeeded() external view returns (uint192);

    /// @return {qRTok} The maximum issuance that can be performed in the current block
    function issuanceAvailable() external view returns (uint256);

    /// @return {qRTok} The maximum redemption that can be performed in the current block
    function redemptionAvailable() external view returns (uint256);
}

interface TestIRToken is IRToken {
    function setIssuanceThrottleParams(ThrottleLib.Params calldata) external;

    function setRedemptionThrottleParams(ThrottleLib.Params calldata) external;

    function issuanceThrottleParams() external view returns (ThrottleLib.Params memory);

    function redemptionThrottleParams() external view returns (ThrottleLib.Params memory);

    function increaseAllowance(address, uint256) external returns (bool);

    function decreaseAllowance(address, uint256) external returns (bool);

    function monetizeDonations(IERC20) external;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: BlueOak-1.0.0
pragma solidity 0.8.17;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20MetadataUpgradeable.sol";
// solhint-disable-next-line max-line-length
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/token/ERC20/extensions/draft-IERC20PermitUpgradeable.sol";
import "../libraries/Fixed.sol";
import "./IComponent.sol";
import "./IMain.sol";

/**
 * @title IStRSR
 * @notice An ERC20 token representing shares of the RSR over-collateralization pool.
 *
 * StRSR permits the BackingManager to take RSR in times of need. In return, the BackingManager
 * benefits the StRSR pool with RSR rewards purchased with a portion of its revenue.
 *
 * In the absence of collateral default or losses due to slippage, StRSR should have a
 * monotonically increasing exchange rate with respect to RSR, meaning that over time
 * StRSR is redeemable for more RSR. It is non-rebasing.
 */
interface IStRSR is IERC20MetadataUpgradeable, IERC20PermitUpgradeable, IComponent {
    /// Emitted when RSR is staked
    /// @param era The era at time of staking
    /// @param staker The address of the staker
    /// @param rsrAmount {qRSR} How much RSR was staked
    /// @param stRSRAmount {qStRSR} How much stRSR was minted by this staking
    event Staked(
        uint256 indexed era,
        address indexed staker,
        uint256 rsrAmount,
        uint256 indexed stRSRAmount
    );

    /// Emitted when an unstaking is started
    /// @param draftId The id of the draft.
    /// @param draftEra The era of the draft.
    /// @param staker The address of the unstaker
    ///   The triple (staker, draftEra, draftId) is a unique ID
    /// @param rsrAmount {qRSR} How much RSR this unstaking will be worth, absent seizures
    /// @param stRSRAmount {qStRSR} How much stRSR was burned by this unstaking
    event UnstakingStarted(
        uint256 indexed draftId,
        uint256 indexed draftEra,
        address indexed staker,
        uint256 rsrAmount,
        uint256 stRSRAmount,
        uint256 availableAt
    );

    /// Emitted when RSR is unstaked
    /// @param firstId The beginning of the range of draft IDs withdrawn in this transaction
    /// @param endId The end of range of draft IDs withdrawn in this transaction
    ///   (ID i was withdrawn if firstId <= i < endId)
    /// @param draftEra The era of the draft.
    ///   The triple (staker, draftEra, id) is a unique ID among drafts
    /// @param staker The address of the unstaker

    /// @param rsrAmount {qRSR} How much RSR this unstaking was worth
    event UnstakingCompleted(
        uint256 indexed firstId,
        uint256 indexed endId,
        uint256 draftEra,
        address indexed staker,
        uint256 rsrAmount
    );

    /// Emitted whenever the exchange rate changes
    event ExchangeRateSet(uint192 indexed oldVal, uint192 indexed newVal);

    /// Emitted whenever RSR are paids out
    event RewardsPaid(uint256 indexed rsrAmt);

    /// Emitted if all the RSR in the staking pool is seized and all balances are reset to zero.
    event AllBalancesReset(uint256 indexed newEra);
    /// Emitted if all the RSR in the unstakin pool is seized, and all ongoing unstaking is voided.
    event AllUnstakingReset(uint256 indexed newEra);

    event UnstakingDelaySet(uint48 indexed oldVal, uint48 indexed newVal);
    event RewardRatioSet(uint192 indexed oldVal, uint192 indexed newVal);

    // Initialization
    function init(
        IMain main_,
        string memory name_,
        string memory symbol_,
        uint48 unstakingDelay_,
        uint192 rewardRatio_
    ) external;

    /// Gather and payout rewards from rsrTrader
    /// @custom:interaction
    function payoutRewards() external;

    /// Stakes an RSR `amount` on the corresponding RToken to earn yield and over-collateralized
    /// the system
    /// @param amount {qRSR}
    /// @custom:interaction
    function stake(uint256 amount) external;

    /// Begins a delayed unstaking for `amount` stRSR
    /// @param amount {qStRSR}
    /// @custom:interaction
    function unstake(uint256 amount) external;

    /// Complete delayed unstaking for the account, up to (but not including!) `endId`
    /// @custom:interaction
    function withdraw(address account, uint256 endId) external;

    /// Seize RSR, only callable by main.backingManager()
    /// @custom:protected
    function seizeRSR(uint256 amount) external;

    /// Return the maximum valid value of endId such that withdraw(endId) should immediately work
    function endIdForWithdraw(address account) external view returns (uint256 endId);

    /// @return {qRSR/qStRSR} The exchange rate between RSR and StRSR
    function exchangeRate() external view returns (uint192);
}

interface TestIStRSR is IStRSR {
    function rewardRatio() external view returns (uint192);

    function setRewardRatio(uint192) external;

    function unstakingDelay() external view returns (uint48);

    function setUnstakingDelay(uint48) external;

    function increaseAllowance(address, uint256) external returns (bool);

    function decreaseAllowance(address, uint256) external returns (bool);

    /// @return {qStRSR/qRSR} The exchange rate between StRSR and RSR
    function exchangeRate() external view returns (uint192);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: BlueOak-1.0.0
pragma solidity 0.8.17;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol";

/**
 * Simple generalized trading interface for all Trade contracts to obey
 *
 * Usage: if (canSettle()) settle()
 */
interface ITrade {
    function sell() external view returns (IERC20Metadata);

    function buy() external view returns (IERC20Metadata);

    /// @return The timestamp at which the trade is projected to become settle-able
    function endTime() external view returns (uint48);

    /// @return True if the trade can be settled
    /// @dev Should be guaranteed to be true eventually as an invariant
    function canSettle() external view returns (bool);

    /// Complete the trade and transfer tokens back to the origin trader
    /// @return soldAmt {qSellTok} The quantity of tokens sold
    /// @return boughtAmt {qBuyTok} The quantity of tokens bought
    function settle() external returns (uint256 soldAmt, uint256 boughtAmt);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: BlueOak-1.0.0
pragma solidity 0.8.17;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";
import "../libraries/Fixed.sol";
import "./IAsset.sol";
import "./IComponent.sol";
import "./ITrade.sol";
import "./IRewardable.sol";

/**
 * @title ITrading
 * @notice Common events and refresher function for all Trading contracts
 */
interface ITrading is IComponent, IRewardableComponent {
    event MaxTradeSlippageSet(uint192 indexed oldVal, uint192 indexed newVal);
    event MinTradeVolumeSet(uint192 indexed oldVal, uint192 indexed newVal);

    /// Emitted when a trade is started
    /// @param trade The one-time-use trade contract that was just deployed
    /// @param sell The token to sell
    /// @param buy The token to buy
    /// @param sellAmount {qSellTok} The quantity of the selling token
    /// @param minBuyAmount {qBuyTok} The minimum quantity of the buying token to accept
    event TradeStarted(
        ITrade indexed trade,
        IERC20 indexed sell,
        IERC20 indexed buy,
        uint256 sellAmount,
        uint256 minBuyAmount
    );

    /// Emitted after a trade ends
    /// @param trade The one-time-use trade contract
    /// @param sell The token to sell
    /// @param buy The token to buy
    /// @param sellAmount {qSellTok} The quantity of the token sold
    /// @param buyAmount {qBuyTok} The quantity of the token bought
    event TradeSettled(
        ITrade indexed trade,
        IERC20 indexed sell,
        IERC20 indexed buy,
        uint256 sellAmount,
        uint256 buyAmount
    );

    /// Settle a single trade, expected to be used with multicall for efficient mass settlement
    /// @custom:refresher
    function settleTrade(IERC20 sell) external;

    /// @return {%} The maximum trade slippage acceptable
    function maxTradeSlippage() external view returns (uint192);

    /// @return {UoA} The minimum trade volume in UoA, applies to all assets
    function minTradeVolume() external view returns (uint192);

    /// @return The ongoing trade for a sell token, or the zero address
    function trades(IERC20 sell) external view returns (ITrade);

    /// Light wrapper around FixLib.mulDiv to support try-catch
    function mulDivCeil(
        uint192 x,
        uint192 y,
        uint192 z
    ) external pure returns (uint192);
}

interface TestITrading is ITrading {
    /// @custom:governance
    function setMaxTradeSlippage(uint192 val) external;

    /// @custom:governance
    function setMinTradeVolume(uint192 val) external;

    /// @return The number of ongoing trades open
    function tradesOpen() external view returns (uint48);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: BlueOak-1.0.0
pragma solidity 0.8.17;

interface IVersioned {
    function version() external view returns (string memory);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: BlueOak-1.0.0
// solhint-disable func-name-mixedcase func-visibility
pragma solidity ^0.8.17;

/// @title FixedPoint, a fixed-point arithmetic library defining the custom type uint192
/// @author Matt Elder <[email protected]> and the Reserve Team <https://reserve.org>

/** The logical type `uint192 ` is a 192 bit value, representing an 18-decimal Fixed-point
    fractional value.  This is what's described in the Solidity documentation as
    "fixed192x18" -- a value represented by 192 bits, that makes 18 digits available to
    the right of the decimal point.

    The range of values that uint192 can represent is about [-1.7e20, 1.7e20].
    Unless a function explicitly says otherwise, it will fail on overflow.
    To be clear, the following should hold:
    toFix(0) == 0
    toFix(1) == 1e18
*/

// Analysis notes:
//   Every function should revert iff its result is out of bounds.
//   Unless otherwise noted, when a rounding mode is given, that mode is applied to
//     a single division that may happen as the last step in the computation.
//   Unless otherwise noted, when a rounding mode is *not* given but is needed, it's FLOOR.
//   For each, we comment:
//   - @return is the value expressed  in "value space", where uint192(1e18) "is" 1.0
//   - as-ints: is the value expressed in "implementation space", where uint192(1e18) "is" 1e18
//   The "@return" expression is suitable for actually using the library
//   The "as-ints" expression is suitable for testing

// A uint value passed to this library was out of bounds for uint192 operations
error UIntOutOfBounds();
bytes32 constant UIntOutofBoundsHash = keccak256(abi.encodeWithSignature("UIntOutOfBounds()"));

// Used by P1 implementation for easier casting
uint256 constant FIX_ONE_256 = 1e18;
uint8 constant FIX_DECIMALS = 18;

// If a particular uint192 is represented by the uint192 n, then the uint192 represents the
// value n/FIX_SCALE.
uint64 constant FIX_SCALE = 1e18;

// FIX_SCALE Squared:
uint128 constant FIX_SCALE_SQ = 1e36;

// The largest integer that can be converted to uint192 .
// This is a bit bigger than 3.1e39
uint192 constant FIX_MAX_INT = type(uint192).max / FIX_SCALE;

uint192 constant FIX_ZERO = 0; // The uint192 representation of zero.
uint192 constant FIX_ONE = FIX_SCALE; // The uint192 representation of one.
uint192 constant FIX_MAX = type(uint192).max; // The largest uint192. (Not an integer!)
uint192 constant FIX_MIN = 0; // The smallest uint192.

/// An enum that describes a rounding approach for converting to ints
enum RoundingMode {
    FLOOR, // Round towards zero
    ROUND, // Round to the nearest int
    CEIL // Round away from zero
}

RoundingMode constant FLOOR = RoundingMode.FLOOR;
RoundingMode constant ROUND = RoundingMode.ROUND;
RoundingMode constant CEIL = RoundingMode.CEIL;

/* @dev Solidity 0.8.x only allows you to change one of type or size per type conversion.
   Thus, all the tedious-looking double conversions like uint256(uint256 (foo))
   See: https://docs.soliditylang.org/en/v0.8.17/080-breaking-changes.html#new-restrictions
 */

/// Explicitly convert a uint256 to a uint192. Revert if the input is out of bounds.
function _safeWrap(uint256 x) pure returns (uint192) {
    if (FIX_MAX < x) revert UIntOutOfBounds();
    return uint192(x);
}

/// Convert a uint to its Fix representation.
/// @return x
// as-ints: x * 1e18
function toFix(uint256 x) pure returns (uint192) {
    return _safeWrap(x * FIX_SCALE);
}

/// Convert a uint to its fixed-point representation, and left-shift its value `shiftLeft`
/// decimal digits.
/// @return x * 10**shiftLeft
// as-ints: x * 10**(shiftLeft + 18)
function shiftl_toFix(uint256 x, int8 shiftLeft) pure returns (uint192) {
    return shiftl_toFix(x, shiftLeft, FLOOR);
}

/// @return x * 10**shiftLeft
// as-ints: x * 10**(shiftLeft + 18)
function shiftl_toFix(
    uint256 x,
    int8 shiftLeft,
    RoundingMode rounding
) pure returns (uint192) {
    // conditions for avoiding overflow
    if (x == 0) return 0;
    if (shiftLeft <= -96) return (rounding == CEIL ? 1 : 0); // 0 < uint.max / 10**77 < 0.5
    if (40 <= shiftLeft) revert UIntOutOfBounds(); // 10**56 < FIX_MAX < 10**57

    shiftLeft += 18;

    uint256 coeff = 10**abs(shiftLeft);
    uint256 shifted = (shiftLeft >= 0) ? x * coeff : _divrnd(x, coeff, rounding);

    return _safeWrap(shifted);
}

/// Divide a uint by a uint192, yielding a uint192
/// This may also fail if the result is MIN_uint192! not fixing this for optimization's sake.
/// @return x / y
// as-ints: x * 1e36 / y
function divFix(uint256 x, uint192 y) pure returns (uint192) {
    // If we didn't have to worry about overflow, we'd just do `return x * 1e36 / _y`
    // If it's safe to do this operation the easy way, do it:
    if (x < uint256(type(uint256).max / FIX_SCALE_SQ)) {
        return _safeWrap(uint256(x * FIX_SCALE_SQ) / y);
    } else {
        return _safeWrap(mulDiv256(x, FIX_SCALE_SQ, y));
    }
}

/// Divide a uint by a uint, yielding a  uint192
/// @return x / y
// as-ints: x * 1e18 / y
function divuu(uint256 x, uint256 y) pure returns (uint192) {
    return _safeWrap(mulDiv256(FIX_SCALE, x, y));
}

/// @return min(x,y)
// as-ints: min(x,y)
function fixMin(uint192 x, uint192 y) pure returns (uint192) {
    return x < y ? x : y;
}

/// @return max(x,y)
// as-ints: max(x,y)
function fixMax(uint192 x, uint192 y) pure returns (uint192) {
    return x > y ? x : y;
}

/// @return absoluteValue(x,y)
// as-ints: absoluteValue(x,y)
function abs(int256 x) pure returns (uint256) {
    return x < 0 ? uint256(-x) : uint256(x);
}

/// Divide two uints, returning a uint, using rounding mode `rounding`.
/// @return numerator / divisor
// as-ints: numerator / divisor
function _divrnd(
    uint256 numerator,
    uint256 divisor,
    RoundingMode rounding
) pure returns (uint256) {
    uint256 result = numerator / divisor;

    if (rounding == FLOOR) return result;

    if (rounding == ROUND) {
        if (numerator % divisor > (divisor - 1) / 2) {
            result++;
        }
    } else {
        if (numerator % divisor > 0) {
            result++;
        }
    }

    return result;
}

library FixLib {
    /// Again, all arithmetic functions fail if and only if the result is out of bounds.

    /// Convert this fixed-point value to a uint. Round towards zero if needed.
    /// @return x
    // as-ints: x / 1e18
    function toUint(uint192 x) internal pure returns (uint136) {
        return toUint(x, FLOOR);
    }

    /// Convert this uint192 to a uint
    /// @return x
    // as-ints: x / 1e18 with rounding
    function toUint(uint192 x, RoundingMode rounding) internal pure returns (uint136) {
        return uint136(_divrnd(uint256(x), FIX_SCALE, rounding));
    }

    /// Return the uint192 shifted to the left by `decimal` digits
    /// (Similar to a bitshift but in base 10)
    /// @return x * 10**decimals
    // as-ints: x * 10**decimals
    function shiftl(uint192 x, int8 decimals) internal pure returns (uint192) {
        return shiftl(x, decimals, FLOOR);
    }

    /// Return the uint192 shifted to the left by `decimal` digits
    /// (Similar to a bitshift but in base 10)
    /// @return x * 10**decimals
    // as-ints: x * 10**decimals
    function shiftl(
        uint192 x,
        int8 decimals,
        RoundingMode rounding
    ) internal pure returns (uint192) {
        // Handle overflow cases
        if (x == 0) return 0;
        if (decimals <= -59) return (rounding == CEIL ? 1 : 0); // 59, because 1e58 > 2**192
        if (58 <= decimals) revert UIntOutOfBounds(); // 58, because x * 1e58 > 2 ** 192 if x != 0

        uint256 coeff = uint256(10**abs(decimals));
        return _safeWrap(decimals >= 0 ? x * coeff : _divrnd(x, coeff, rounding));
    }

    /// Add a uint192 to this uint192
    /// @return x + y
    // as-ints: x + y
    function plus(uint192 x, uint192 y) internal pure returns (uint192) {
        return x + y;
    }

    /// Add a uint to this uint192
    /// @return x + y
    // as-ints: x + y*1e18
    function plusu(uint192 x, uint256 y) internal pure returns (uint192) {
        return _safeWrap(x + y * FIX_SCALE);
    }

    /// Subtract a uint192 from this uint192
    /// @return x - y
    // as-ints: x - y
    function minus(uint192 x, uint192 y) internal pure returns (uint192) {
        return x - y;
    }

    /// Subtract a uint from this uint192
    /// @return x - y
    // as-ints: x - y*1e18
    function minusu(uint192 x, uint256 y) internal pure returns (uint192) {
        return _safeWrap(uint256(x) - uint256(y * FIX_SCALE));
    }

    /// Multiply this uint192 by a uint192
    /// Round truncated values to the nearest available value. 5e-19 rounds away from zero.
    /// @return x * y
    // as-ints: x * y/1e18  [division using ROUND, not FLOOR]
    function mul(uint192 x, uint192 y) internal pure returns (uint192) {
        return mul(x, y, ROUND);
    }

    /// Multiply this uint192 by a uint192
    /// @return x * y
    // as-ints: x * y/1e18
    function mul(
        uint192 x,
        uint192 y,
        RoundingMode rounding
    ) internal pure returns (uint192) {
        return _safeWrap(_divrnd(uint256(x) * uint256(y), FIX_SCALE, rounding));
    }

    /// Multiply this uint192 by a uint
    /// @return x * y
    // as-ints: x * y
    function mulu(uint192 x, uint256 y) internal pure returns (uint192) {
        return _safeWrap(x * y);
    }

    /// Divide this uint192 by a uint192
    /// @return x / y
    // as-ints: x * 1e18 / y
    function div(uint192 x, uint192 y) internal pure returns (uint192) {
        return div(x, y, FLOOR);
    }

    /// Divide this uint192 by a uint192
    /// @return x / y
    // as-ints: x * 1e18 / y
    function div(
        uint192 x,
        uint192 y,
        RoundingMode rounding
    ) internal pure returns (uint192) {
        // Multiply-in FIX_SCALE before dividing by y to preserve precision.
        return _safeWrap(_divrnd(uint256(x) * FIX_SCALE, y, rounding));
    }

    /// Divide this uint192 by a uint
    /// @return x / y
    // as-ints: x / y
    function divu(uint192 x, uint256 y) internal pure returns (uint192) {
        return divu(x, y, FLOOR);
    }

    /// Divide this uint192 by a uint
    /// @return x / y
    // as-ints: x / y
    function divu(
        uint192 x,
        uint256 y,
        RoundingMode rounding
    ) internal pure returns (uint192) {
        return _safeWrap(_divrnd(x, y, rounding));
    }

    uint64 constant FIX_HALF = uint64(FIX_SCALE) / 2;

    /// Raise this uint192 to a nonnegative integer power. Requires that x_ <= FIX_ONE
    /// Gas cost is O(lg(y)), precision is +- 1e-18.
    /// @return x_ ** y
    // as-ints: x_ ** y / 1e18**(y-1)    <- technically correct for y = 0. :D
    function powu(uint192 x_, uint48 y) internal pure returns (uint192) {
        require(x_ <= FIX_ONE);
        if (y == 1) return x_;
        if (x_ == FIX_ONE || y == 0) return FIX_ONE;
        uint256 x = uint256(x_) * FIX_SCALE; // x is D36
        uint256 result = FIX_SCALE_SQ; // result is D36
        while (true) {
            if (y & 1 == 1) result = (result * x + FIX_SCALE_SQ / 2) / FIX_SCALE_SQ;
            if (y <= 1) break;
            y = (y >> 1);
            x = (x * x + FIX_SCALE_SQ / 2) / FIX_SCALE_SQ;
        }
        return _safeWrap(result / FIX_SCALE);
    }

    /// Comparison operators...
    function lt(uint192 x, uint192 y) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return x < y;
    }

    function lte(uint192 x, uint192 y) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return x <= y;
    }

    function gt(uint192 x, uint192 y) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return x > y;
    }

    function gte(uint192 x, uint192 y) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return x >= y;
    }

    function eq(uint192 x, uint192 y) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return x == y;
    }

    function neq(uint192 x, uint192 y) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return x != y;
    }

    /// Return whether or not this uint192 is less than epsilon away from y.
    /// @return |x - y| < epsilon
    // as-ints: |x - y| < epsilon
    function near(
        uint192 x,
        uint192 y,
        uint192 epsilon
    ) internal pure returns (bool) {
        uint192 diff = x <= y ? y - x : x - y;
        return diff < epsilon;
    }

    // ================ Chained Operations ================
    // The operation foo_bar() always means:
    //   Do foo() followed by bar(), and overflow only if the _end_ result doesn't fit in an uint192

    /// Shift this uint192 left by `decimals` digits, and convert to a uint
    /// @return x * 10**decimals
    // as-ints: x * 10**(decimals - 18)
    function shiftl_toUint(uint192 x, int8 decimals) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return shiftl_toUint(x, decimals, FLOOR);
    }

    /// Shift this uint192 left by `decimals` digits, and convert to a uint.
    /// @return x * 10**decimals
    // as-ints: x * 10**(decimals - 18)
    function shiftl_toUint(
        uint192 x,
        int8 decimals,
        RoundingMode rounding
    ) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // Handle overflow cases
        if (x == 0) return 0; // always computable, no matter what decimals is
        if (decimals <= -42) return (rounding == CEIL ? 1 : 0);
        if (96 <= decimals) revert UIntOutOfBounds();

        decimals -= 18; // shift so that toUint happens at the same time.

        uint256 coeff = uint256(10**abs(decimals));
        return decimals >= 0 ? uint256(x * coeff) : uint256(_divrnd(x, coeff, rounding));
    }

    /// Multiply this uint192 by a uint, and output the result as a uint
    /// @return x * y
    // as-ints: x * y / 1e18
    function mulu_toUint(uint192 x, uint256 y) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return mulDiv256(uint256(x), y, FIX_SCALE);
    }

    /// Multiply this uint192 by a uint, and output the result as a uint
    /// @return x * y
    // as-ints: x * y / 1e18
    function mulu_toUint(
        uint192 x,
        uint256 y,
        RoundingMode rounding
    ) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return mulDiv256(uint256(x), y, FIX_SCALE, rounding);
    }

    /// Multiply this uint192 by a uint192 and output the result as a uint
    /// @return x * y
    // as-ints: x * y / 1e36
    function mul_toUint(uint192 x, uint192 y) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return mulDiv256(uint256(x), uint256(y), FIX_SCALE_SQ);
    }

    /// Multiply this uint192 by a uint192 and output the result as a uint
    /// @return x * y
    // as-ints: x * y / 1e36
    function mul_toUint(
        uint192 x,
        uint192 y,
        RoundingMode rounding
    ) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return mulDiv256(uint256(x), uint256(y), FIX_SCALE_SQ, rounding);
    }

    /// Compute x * y / z avoiding intermediate overflow
    /// @dev Only use if you need to avoid overflow; costlier than x * y / z
    /// @return x * y / z
    // as-ints: x * y / z
    function muluDivu(
        uint192 x,
        uint256 y,
        uint256 z
    ) internal pure returns (uint192) {
        return muluDivu(x, y, z, FLOOR);
    }

    /// Compute x * y / z, avoiding intermediate overflow
    /// @dev Only use if you need to avoid overflow; costlier than x * y / z
    /// @return x * y / z
    // as-ints: x * y / z
    function muluDivu(
        uint192 x,
        uint256 y,
        uint256 z,
        RoundingMode rounding
    ) internal pure returns (uint192) {
        return _safeWrap(mulDiv256(x, y, z, rounding));
    }

    /// Compute x * y / z on Fixes, avoiding intermediate overflow
    /// @dev Only use if you need to avoid overflow; costlier than x * y / z
    /// @return x * y / z
    // as-ints: x * y / z
    function mulDiv(
        uint192 x,
        uint192 y,
        uint192 z
    ) internal pure returns (uint192) {
        return mulDiv(x, y, z, FLOOR);
    }

    /// Compute x * y / z on Fixes, avoiding intermediate overflow
    /// @dev Only use if you need to avoid overflow; costlier than x * y / z
    /// @return x * y / z
    // as-ints: x * y / z
    function mulDiv(
        uint192 x,
        uint192 y,
        uint192 z,
        RoundingMode rounding
    ) internal pure returns (uint192) {
        return _safeWrap(mulDiv256(x, y, z, rounding));
    }
}

// ================ a couple pure-uint helpers================
// as-ints comments are omitted here, because they're the same as @return statements, because
// these are all pure uint functions

/// Return (x*y/z), avoiding intermediate overflow.
//  Adapted from sources:
//    https://medium.com/coinmonks/4db014e080b1, https://medium.com/wicketh/afa55870a65
//    and quite a few of the other excellent "Mathemagic" posts from https://medium.com/wicketh
/// @dev Only use if you need to avoid overflow; costlier than x * y / z
/// @return result x * y / z
function mulDiv256(
    uint256 x,
    uint256 y,
    uint256 z
) pure returns (uint256 result) {
    unchecked {
        (uint256 hi, uint256 lo) = fullMul(x, y);
        if (hi >= z) revert UIntOutOfBounds();
        uint256 mm = mulmod(x, y, z);
        if (mm > lo) hi -= 1;
        lo -= mm;
        uint256 pow2 = z & (0 - z);
        z /= pow2;
        lo /= pow2;
        lo += hi * ((0 - pow2) / pow2 + 1);
        uint256 r = 1;
        r *= 2 - z * r;
        r *= 2 - z * r;
        r *= 2 - z * r;
        r *= 2 - z * r;
        r *= 2 - z * r;
        r *= 2 - z * r;
        r *= 2 - z * r;
        r *= 2 - z * r;
        result = lo * r;
    }
}

/// Return (x*y/z), avoiding intermediate overflow.
/// @dev Only use if you need to avoid overflow; costlier than x * y / z
/// @return x * y / z
function mulDiv256(
    uint256 x,
    uint256 y,
    uint256 z,
    RoundingMode rounding
) pure returns (uint256) {
    uint256 result = mulDiv256(x, y, z);
    if (rounding == FLOOR) return result;

    uint256 mm = mulmod(x, y, z);
    if (rounding == CEIL) {
        if (mm > 0) result += 1;
    } else {
        if (mm > ((z - 1) / 2)) result += 1; // z should be z-1
    }
    return result;
}

/// Return (x*y) as a "virtual uint512" (lo, hi), representing (hi*2**256 + lo)
///   Adapted from sources:
///   https://medium.com/wicketh/27650fec525d, https://medium.com/coinmonks/4db014e080b1
/// @dev Intended to be internal to this library
/// @return hi (hi, lo) satisfies  hi*(2**256) + lo == x * y
/// @return lo (paired with `hi`)
function fullMul(uint256 x, uint256 y) pure returns (uint256 hi, uint256 lo) {
    unchecked {
        uint256 mm = mulmod(x, y, uint256(0) - uint256(1));
        lo = x * y;
        hi = mm - lo;
        if (mm < lo) hi -= 1;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: BlueOak-1.0.0
pragma solidity 0.8.17;

import "./Fixed.sol";

uint48 constant ONE_HOUR = 3600; // {seconds/hour}

/**
 * @title ThrottleLib
 * A library that implements a usage throttle that can be used to ensure net issuance
 * or net redemption for an RToken never exceeds some bounds per unit time (hour).
 *
 * It is expected for the RToken to use this library with two instances, one for issuance
 * and one for redemption. Issuance causes the available redemption amount to increase, and
 * visa versa.
 */
library ThrottleLib {
    using FixLib for uint192;

    struct Params {
        uint256 amtRate; // {qRTok/hour} a quantity of RToken hourly; cannot be 0
        uint192 pctRate; // {1/hour} a fraction of RToken hourly; can be 0
    }

    struct Throttle {
        // === Gov params ===
        Params params;
        // === Cache ===
        uint48 lastTimestamp; // {seconds}
        uint256 lastAvailable; // {qRTok}
    }

    /// Reverts if usage amount exceeds available amount
    /// @param supply {qRTok} Total RToken supply beforehand
    /// @param amount {qRTok} Amount of RToken to use. Should be negative for the issuance
    ///   throttle during redemption and for the redemption throttle during issuance.
    function useAvailable(
        Throttle storage throttle,
        uint256 supply,
        int256 amount
    ) internal {
        // untestable: amtRate will always be greater > 0 due to previous validations
        if (throttle.params.amtRate == 0 && throttle.params.pctRate == 0) return;

        // Calculate hourly limit
        uint256 limit = hourlyLimit(throttle, supply); // {qRTok}

        // Calculate available amount before supply change
        uint256 available = currentlyAvailable(throttle, limit);

        // Calculate available amount after supply change
        if (amount > 0) {
            require(uint256(amount) <= available, "supply change throttled");
            available -= uint256(amount);
            // untestable: the final else statement, amount will never be 0
        } else if (amount < 0) {
            available += uint256(-amount);
        }

        // Update cached values
        throttle.lastAvailable = available;
        throttle.lastTimestamp = uint48(block.timestamp);
    }

    /// @param limit {qRTok/hour} The hourly limit
    /// @return available {qRTok} Amount currently available for consumption
    function currentlyAvailable(Throttle storage throttle, uint256 limit)
        internal
        view
        returns (uint256 available)
    {
        uint48 delta = uint48(block.timestamp) - throttle.lastTimestamp; // {seconds}
        available = throttle.lastAvailable + (limit * delta) / ONE_HOUR;
        if (available > limit) available = limit;
    }

    /// @return limit {qRTok} The hourly limit
    function hourlyLimit(Throttle storage throttle, uint256 supply)
        internal
        view
        returns (uint256 limit)
    {
        Params storage params = throttle.params;

        // Calculate hourly limit as: max(params.amtRate, supply.mul(params.pctRate))
        limit = (supply * params.pctRate) / FIX_ONE_256; // {qRTok}
        if (params.amtRate > limit) limit = params.amtRate;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: BlueOak-1.0.0
pragma solidity 0.8.17;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";
import "../../interfaces/IAsset.sol";
import "../../interfaces/IAssetRegistry.sol";
import "../../interfaces/IBackingManager.sol";
import "../../libraries/Fixed.sol";
import "./TradeLib.sol";

/// Struct purposes:
///   1. Configure trading
///   2. Stay under stack limit with fewer vars
///   3. Cache information such as component addresses to save on gas
struct TradingContext {
    BasketRange basketsHeld; // {BU}
    // basketsHeld.top is the number of partial baskets units held
    // basketsHeld.bottom is the number of full basket units held

    // Components
    IBackingManager bm;
    IBasketHandler bh;
    IAssetRegistry reg;
    IStRSR stRSR;
    IERC20 rsr;
    IRToken rToken;
    // Gov Vars
    uint192 minTradeVolume; // {UoA}
    uint192 maxTradeSlippage; // {1}
}

/**
 * @title RecollateralizationLibP1
 * @notice An informal extension of the Trading mixin that provides trade preparation views
 *   Users:
 *     - BackingManager
 *     - RTokenAsset
 *
 * Interface:
 *  1. prepareRecollateralizationTrade (external)
 *  2. basketRange (internal)
 */
library RecollateralizationLibP1 {
    using FixLib for uint192;
    using TradeLib for TradeInfo;
    using TradeLib for IBackingManager;

    /// Select and prepare a trade that moves us closer to capitalization, using the
    /// basket range to avoid overeager/duplicate trading.
    // This is the "main loop" for recollateralization trading:
    // actions:
    //   let range = basketRange(all erc20s)
    //   let trade = nextTradePair(...)
    //   if trade.sell is not a defaulted collateral, prepareTradeToCoverDeficit(...)
    //   otherwise, prepareTradeSell(...) with a 0 minBuyAmount
    function prepareRecollateralizationTrade(IBackingManager bm, BasketRange memory basketsHeld)
        external
        view
        returns (bool doTrade, TradeRequest memory req)
    {
        // === Prepare cached values ===

        IMain main = bm.main();
        TradingContext memory ctx = TradingContext({
            basketsHeld: basketsHeld,
            bm: bm,
            bh: main.basketHandler(),
            reg: main.assetRegistry(),
            stRSR: main.stRSR(),
            rsr: main.rsr(),
            rToken: main.rToken(),
            minTradeVolume: bm.minTradeVolume(),
            maxTradeSlippage: bm.maxTradeSlippage()
        });
        Registry memory reg = ctx.reg.getRegistry();

        // ============================

        // Compute a target basket range for trading -  {BU}
        BasketRange memory range = basketRange(ctx, reg);

        // Select a pair to trade next, if one exists
        TradeInfo memory trade = nextTradePair(ctx, reg, range);

        // Don't trade if no pair is selected
        if (address(trade.sell) == address(0) || address(trade.buy) == address(0)) {
            return (false, req);
        }

        // If we are selling an unpriced asset or UNSOUND collateral, do not try to cover deficit
        if (
            trade.sellPrice == 0 ||
            (trade.sell.isCollateral() &&
                ICollateral(address(trade.sell)).status() != CollateralStatus.SOUND)
        ) {
            (doTrade, req) = trade.prepareTradeSell(ctx.minTradeVolume, ctx.maxTradeSlippage);
        } else {
            (doTrade, req) = trade.prepareTradeToCoverDeficit(
                ctx.minTradeVolume,
                ctx.maxTradeSlippage
            );
        }

        // At this point doTrade _must_ be true, otherwise nextTradePair assumptions are broken
        assert(doTrade);

        return (doTrade, req);
    }

    // Compute the target basket range
    // Algorithm intuition: Trade conservatively. Quantify uncertainty based on the proportion of
    // token balances requiring trading vs not requiring trading. Decrease uncertainty the largest
    // amount possible with each trade.
    //
    // How do we know this algorithm converges?
    // Assumption: constant prices
    // Any volume traded narrows the BU band. Why:
    //   - We might increase `basketsHeld.bottom` from run-to-run, but will never decrease it
    //   - We might decrease the UoA amount of excess balances beyond `basketsHeld.bottom` from
    //       run-to-run, but will never increase it
    //   - We might decrease the UoA amount of missing balances up-to `basketsHeld.top` from
    //       run-to-run, but will never increase it
    //
    // Preconditions:
    // - ctx is correctly populated with current basketsHeld.bottom + basketsHeld.top
    // - reg contains erc20 + asset arrays in same order and without duplicates
    // Trading Strategy:
    // - We will not aim to hold more than rToken.basketsNeeded() BUs
    // - No double trades: if we buy B in one trade, we won't sell B in another trade
    //       Caveat: Unless the asset we're selling is IFFY/DISABLED
    // - The best price we might get for a trade is at the high sell price and low buy price
    // - The worst price we might get for a trade is at the low sell price and
    //     the high buy price, multiplied by ( 1 - maxTradeSlippage )
    // - In the worst-case an additional dust balance can be lost, up to minTradeVolume
    // - Given all that, we're aiming to hold as many BUs as possible using the assets we own.
    //
    // More concretely:
    // - range.top = min(rToken.basketsNeeded, basketsHeld.top - least baskets missing
    //                                                                   + most baskets surplus)
    // - range.bottom = min(rToken.basketsNeeded, basketsHeld.bottom + least baskets purchaseable)
    //   where "least baskets purchaseable" involves trading at unfavorable prices,
    //   incurring maxTradeSlippage, and taking up to a minTradeVolume loss due to dust.
    function basketRange(TradingContext memory ctx, Registry memory reg)
        internal
        view
        returns (BasketRange memory range)
    {
        (uint192 basketPriceLow, uint192 basketPriceHigh) = ctx.bh.price(); // {UoA/BU}

        // Cap ctx.basketsHeld.top
        if (ctx.basketsHeld.top > ctx.rToken.basketsNeeded()) {
            ctx.basketsHeld.top = ctx.rToken.basketsNeeded();
        }

        // === (1/3) Calculate contributions from surplus/deficits ===

        // for range.top, anchor to min(ctx.basketsHeld.top, basketsNeeded)
        // for range.bottom, anchor to min(ctx.basketsHeld.bottom, basketsNeeded)

        // a signed delta to be applied to range.top
        int256 deltaTop; // D18{BU} even though this is int256, it is D18
        // not required for range.bottom

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < reg.erc20s.length; ++i) {
            // Exclude RToken balances to avoid double counting value
            if (reg.erc20s[i] == IERC20(address(ctx.rToken))) continue;

            uint192 bal = reg.assets[i].bal(address(ctx.bm)); // {tok}

            // For RSR, include the staking balance
            if (reg.erc20s[i] == ctx.rsr) {
                bal = bal.plus(reg.assets[i].bal(address(ctx.stRSR)));
            }

            uint192 q = ctx.bh.quantityUnsafe(reg.erc20s[i], reg.assets[i]); // {tok/BU}
            {
                // Skip over dust-balance assets not in the basket
                (uint192 lotLow, ) = reg.assets[i].lotPrice(); // {UoA/tok}

                // Intentionally include value of IFFY/DISABLED collateral
                if (
                    q == 0 &&
                    !TradeLib.isEnoughToSell(reg.assets[i], bal, lotLow, ctx.minTradeVolume)
                ) continue;
            }
            (uint192 low, uint192 high) = reg.assets[i].price(); // {UoA/tok}

            // throughout these sections +/- is same as Fix.plus/Fix.minus and </> is Fix.gt/.lt

            // deltaTop: optimistic case
            // if in deficit relative to ctx.basketsHeld.top: deduct missing baskets
            // if in surplus relative to ctx.basketsHeld.top: add-in surplus baskets
            {
                // {tok} = {tok/BU} * {BU}
                uint192 anchor = q.mul(ctx.basketsHeld.top, CEIL);

                if (anchor > bal) {
                    // deficit: deduct optimistic estimate of baskets missing

                    // {BU} = {UoA/tok} * {tok} / {UoA/BU}
                    deltaTop -= int256(uint256(low.mulDiv(anchor - bal, basketPriceHigh, FLOOR)));
                    // does not need underflow protection: using low price of asset
                } else {
                    // surplus: add-in optimistic estimate of baskets purchaseable

                    // {BU} = {UoA/tok} * {tok} / {UoA/BU}
                    deltaTop += int256(
                        uint256(ctx.bm.safeMulDivCeil(high, bal - anchor, basketPriceLow))
                    );
                    // needs overflow protection: using high price of asset which can be FIX_MAX
                }
            }

            // range.bottom: pessimistic case
            // add-in surplus baskets relative to ctx.basketsHeld.bottom
            {
                // {tok} = {tok/BU} * {BU}
                uint192 anchor = q.mul(ctx.basketsHeld.bottom, FLOOR);

                // (1) Sell tokens at low price
                // {UoA} = {UoA/tok} * {tok}
                uint192 val = low.mul(bal - anchor, FLOOR);

                // (2) Lose minTradeVolume to dust (why: auctions can return tokens)
                // Q: Why is this precisely where we should take out minTradeVolume?
                // A: Our use of isEnoughToSell always uses the low price (lotLow, technically),
                //   so min trade volumes are always assesed based on low prices. At this point
                //   in the calculation we have already calculated the UoA amount corresponding to
                //   the excess token balance based on its low price, so we are already set up
                //   to straightforwardly deduct the minTradeVolume before trying to buy BUs.
                val = (val < ctx.minTradeVolume) ? 0 : val - ctx.minTradeVolume;

                // (3) Buy BUs at their high price with the remaining value
                // (4) Assume maximum slippage in trade
                // {BU} = {UoA} * {1} / {UoA/BU}
                range.bottom += val.mulDiv(
                    FIX_ONE.minus(ctx.maxTradeSlippage),
                    basketPriceHigh,
                    FLOOR
                );
            }
        }

        // ==== (2/3) Add-in ctx.*BasketsHeld safely ====

        // range.top
        if (deltaTop < 0) {
            range.top = ctx.basketsHeld.top - _safeWrap(uint256(-deltaTop));
            // reverting on underflow is appropriate here
        } else {
            // guard against overflow; > is same as Fix.gt
            if (uint256(deltaTop) + ctx.basketsHeld.top > FIX_MAX) range.top = FIX_MAX;
            else range.top = ctx.basketsHeld.top + _safeWrap(uint256(deltaTop));
        }

        // range.bottom
        range.bottom += ctx.basketsHeld.bottom;
        // reverting on overflow is appropriate here

        // ==== (3/3) Enforce (range.bottom <= range.top <= basketsNeeded) ====

        if (range.top > ctx.rToken.basketsNeeded()) range.top = ctx.rToken.basketsNeeded();
        if (range.bottom > range.top) range.bottom = range.top;
    }

    // ===========================================================================================

    // === Private ===

    // Used in memory in `nextTradePair` to duck the stack limit
    struct MaxSurplusDeficit {
        CollateralStatus surplusStatus; // starts SOUND
        uint192 surplus; // {UoA}
        uint192 deficit; // {UoA}
    }

    // Choose next sell/buy pair to trade, with reference to the basket range
    // Skip over trading surplus dust amounts
    /// @return trade
    ///   sell: Surplus collateral OR address(0)
    ///   deficit Deficit collateral OR address(0)
    ///   sellAmount {sellTok} Surplus amount (whole tokens)
    ///   buyAmount {buyTok} Deficit amount (whole tokens)
    ///   sellPrice {UoA/sellTok} The worst-case price of the sell token on secondary markets
    ///   buyPrice {UoA/sellTok} The worst-case price of the buy token on secondary markets
    ///
    // Defining "sell" and "buy":
    // If bal(e) > (quantity(e) * range.top), then e is in surplus by the difference
    // If bal(e) < (quantity(e) * range.bottom), then e is in deficit by the difference
    //
    // First, ignoring RSR:
    //   `trade.sell` is the token from erc20s with the greatest surplus value (in UoA),
    //   and sellAmount is the quantity of that token that it's in surplus (in qTok).
    //   if `trade.sell` == 0, then no token is in surplus by at least minTradeSize,
    //        and `trade.sellAmount` and `trade.sellPrice` are unset.
    //
    //   `trade.buy` is the token from erc20s with the greatest deficit value (in UoA),
    //   and buyAmount is the quantity of that token that it's in deficit (in qTok).
    //   if `trade.buy` == 0, then no token is in deficit at all,
    //        and `trade.buyAmount` and `trade.buyPrice` are unset.
    //
    // Then, just if we have a buy asset and no sell asset, consider selling available RSR.
    //
    // Prefer selling assets in this order: DISABLED -> SOUND -> IFFY.
    // All collateral in the basket have already been guaranteed to be SOUND by upstream checks.
    function nextTradePair(
        TradingContext memory ctx,
        Registry memory reg,
        BasketRange memory range
    ) private view returns (TradeInfo memory trade) {
        MaxSurplusDeficit memory maxes;
        maxes.surplusStatus = CollateralStatus.IFFY; // least-desirable sell status

        // No space on the stack to cache erc20s.length
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < reg.erc20s.length; ++i) {
            if (reg.erc20s[i] == ctx.rsr) continue;

            uint192 bal = reg.assets[i].bal(address(ctx.bm)); // {tok}

            // {tok} = {BU} * {tok/BU}
            // needed(Top): token balance needed for range.top baskets: quantity(e) * range.top
            uint192 needed = range.top.mul(
                ctx.bh.quantityUnsafe(reg.erc20s[i], reg.assets[i]),
                CEIL
            ); // {tok}

            if (bal.gt(needed)) {
                uint192 low; // {UoA/sellTok}

                // this wonky block is just for getting around the stack limit
                {
                    uint192 high; // {UoA/sellTok}
                    (low, high) = reg.assets[i].price(); // {UoA/sellTok}

                    // Skip worthless assets
                    if (high == 0) continue;
                }

                (uint192 lotLow, ) = reg.assets[i].lotPrice(); // {UoA/sellTok}

                // {UoA} = {sellTok} * {UoA/sellTok}
                uint192 delta = bal.minus(needed).mul(lotLow, FLOOR);

                // status = asset.status() if asset.isCollateral() else SOUND
                CollateralStatus status; // starts SOUND
                if (reg.assets[i].isCollateral()) {
                    status = ICollateral(address(reg.assets[i])).status();
                }

                // Select the most-in-surplus "best" asset still enough to sell,
                // as defined by a (status, surplusAmt) ordering
                if (
                    isBetterSurplus(maxes, status, delta) &&
                    TradeLib.isEnoughToSell(
                        reg.assets[i],
                        bal.minus(needed),
                        lotLow,
                        ctx.minTradeVolume
                    )
                ) {
                    trade.sell = reg.assets[i];
                    trade.sellAmount = bal.minus(needed);
                    trade.sellPrice = low;

                    maxes.surplusStatus = status;
                    maxes.surplus = delta;
                }
            } else {
                // needed(Bottom): token balance needed at bottom of the basket range
                needed = range.bottom.mul(
                    ctx.bh.quantityUnsafe(reg.erc20s[i], reg.assets[i]),
                    CEIL
                ); // {buyTok};

                if (bal.lt(needed)) {
                    uint192 amtShort = needed.minus(bal); // {buyTok}
                    (, uint192 high) = reg.assets[i].price(); // {UoA/buyTok}

                    // {UoA} = {buyTok} * {UoA/buyTok}
                    uint192 delta = amtShort.mul(high, CEIL);

                    // The best asset to buy is whichever asset has the largest deficit
                    if (delta.gt(maxes.deficit)) {
                        trade.buy = ICollateral(address(reg.assets[i]));
                        trade.buyAmount = amtShort;
                        trade.buyPrice = high;

                        maxes.deficit = delta;
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        // Use RSR if needed
        if (address(trade.sell) == address(0) && address(trade.buy) != address(0)) {
            IAsset rsrAsset = ctx.reg.toAsset(ctx.rsr);

            uint192 rsrAvailable = rsrAsset.bal(address(ctx.bm)).plus(
                rsrAsset.bal(address(ctx.stRSR))
            );
            (uint192 low, uint192 high) = rsrAsset.price(); // {UoA/tok}
            (uint192 lotLow, ) = rsrAsset.lotPrice(); // {UoA/tok}

            if (
                high > 0 &&
                TradeLib.isEnoughToSell(rsrAsset, rsrAvailable, lotLow, ctx.minTradeVolume)
            ) {
                trade.sell = rsrAsset;
                trade.sellAmount = rsrAvailable;
                trade.sellPrice = low;
            }
        }
    }

    /// @param curr The current MaxSurplusDeficit containing the best surplus so far
    /// @param other The collateral status of the asset in consideration
    /// @param surplusAmt {UoA} The amount by which the asset in consideration is in surplus
    function isBetterSurplus(
        MaxSurplusDeficit memory curr,
        CollateralStatus other,
        uint192 surplusAmt
    ) private pure returns (bool) {
        // NOTE: If the CollateralStatus enum changes then this has to change!
        if (curr.surplusStatus == CollateralStatus.DISABLED) {
            return other == CollateralStatus.DISABLED && surplusAmt.gt(curr.surplus);
        } else if (curr.surplusStatus == CollateralStatus.SOUND) {
            return
                other == CollateralStatus.DISABLED ||
                (other == CollateralStatus.SOUND && surplusAmt.gt(curr.surplus));
        } else {
            // curr is IFFY
            return other != CollateralStatus.IFFY || surplusAmt.gt(curr.surplus);
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: BlueOak-1.0.0
pragma solidity 0.8.17;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";
import "../../interfaces/IAsset.sol";
import "../../interfaces/IAssetRegistry.sol";
import "../../interfaces/ITrading.sol";
import "../../libraries/Fixed.sol";
import "./RecollateralizationLib.sol";

struct TradeInfo {
    IAsset sell;
    IAsset buy;
    uint192 sellAmount; // {sellTok}
    uint192 buyAmount; // {buyTok}
    uint192 sellPrice; // {UoA/sellTok} can be 0
    uint192 buyPrice; // {UoA/buyTok}
}

/**
 * @title TradeLib
 * @notice An internal lib for preparing individual trades on particular asset pairs
 *   Users:
 *     - BackingManagerLib
 *     - RevenueTrader
 */
library TradeLib {
    using FixLib for uint192;

    /// Prepare a trade to sell `trade.sellAmount` that guarantees a reasonable closing price,
    /// without explicitly aiming at a particular quantity to purchase.
    /// @param trade:
    ///   sell != 0, sellAmount >= 0 {sellTok}, sellPrice >= 0 {UoA/sellTok}
    ///   buy != 0, buyAmount (unused) {buyTok}, buyPrice > 0 {UoA/buyTok}
    /// @return notDust True when the trade is larger than the dust amount
    /// @return req The prepared trade request to send to the Broker
    //
    // If notDust is true, then the returned trade request satisfies:
    //   req.sell == trade.sell and req.buy == trade.buy,
    //   req.minBuyAmount * trade.buyPrice ~=
    //        trade.sellAmount * trade.sellPrice * (1-maxTradeSlippage),
    //   req.sellAmount == min(trade.sell.maxTradeSize().toQTok(), trade.sellAmount.toQTok(sell)
    //   1 < req.sellAmount
    //
    // If notDust is false, no trade exists that satisfies those constraints.
    function prepareTradeSell(
        TradeInfo memory trade,
        uint192 minTradeVolume,
        uint192 maxTradeSlippage
    ) internal view returns (bool notDust, TradeRequest memory req) {
        // checked for in RevenueTrader / CollateralizatlionLib
        assert(trade.buyPrice > 0 && trade.buyPrice < FIX_MAX && trade.sellPrice < FIX_MAX);

        (uint192 lotLow, uint192 lotHigh) = trade.sell.lotPrice();

        // Don't sell dust
        if (!isEnoughToSell(trade.sell, trade.sellAmount, lotLow, minTradeVolume)) {
            return (false, req);
        }

        // Cap sell amount
        uint192 maxSell = maxTradeSize(trade.sell, lotHigh); // {sellTok}
        uint192 s = trade.sellAmount > maxSell ? maxSell : trade.sellAmount; // {sellTok}

        // Calculate equivalent buyAmount within [0, FIX_MAX]
        // {buyTok} = {sellTok} * {1} * {UoA/sellTok} / {UoA/buyTok}
        uint192 b = safeMulDivCeil(
            ITrading(address(this)),
            s.mul(FIX_ONE.minus(maxTradeSlippage)),
            trade.sellPrice, // {UoA/sellTok}
            trade.buyPrice // {UoA/buyTok}
        );

        // {*tok} => {q*Tok}
        req.sellAmount = s.shiftl_toUint(int8(trade.sell.erc20Decimals()), FLOOR);
        req.minBuyAmount = b.shiftl_toUint(int8(trade.buy.erc20Decimals()), CEIL);
        req.sell = trade.sell;
        req.buy = trade.buy;

        return (true, req);
    }

    /// Assuming we have `trade.sellAmount` sell tokens available, prepare a trade to cover as
    /// much of our deficit of `trade.buyAmount` buy tokens as possible, given expected trade
    /// slippage and the sell asset's maxTradeVolume().
    /// @param trade:
    ///   sell != 0
    ///   buy != 0
    ///   sellAmount (unused) {sellTok}
    ///   buyAmount >= 0 {buyTok}
    ///   sellPrice > 0 {UoA/sellTok}
    ///   buyPrice > 0 {UoA/buyTok}
    /// @return notDust Whether the prepared trade is large enough to be worth trading
    /// @return req The prepared trade request to send to the Broker
    //
    // Returns prepareTradeSell(trade, rules), where
    //   req.sellAmount = min(trade.sellAmount,
    //                trade.buyAmount * (trade.buyPrice / trade.sellPrice) / (1-maxTradeSlippage))
    //   i.e, the minimum of trade.sellAmount and (a sale amount that, at current prices and
    //   maximum slippage, will yield at least the requested trade.buyAmount)
    //
    // Which means we should get that, if notDust is true, then:
    //   req.sell = sell and req.buy = buy
    //
    //   1 <= req.minBuyAmount <= max(trade.buyAmount, buy.minTradeSize()).toQTok(trade.buy)
    //   1 < req.sellAmount <= min(trade.sellAmount.toQTok(trade.sell),
    //                               sell.maxTradeSize().toQTok(trade.sell))
    //   req.minBuyAmount ~= trade.sellAmount * sellPrice / buyPrice * (1-maxTradeSlippage)
    //
    //   req.sellAmount (and req.minBuyAmount) are maximal satisfying all these conditions
    function prepareTradeToCoverDeficit(
        TradeInfo memory trade,
        uint192 minTradeVolume,
        uint192 maxTradeSlippage
    ) internal view returns (bool notDust, TradeRequest memory req) {
        assert(
            trade.sellPrice > 0 &&
                trade.sellPrice < FIX_MAX &&
                trade.buyPrice > 0 &&
                trade.buyPrice < FIX_MAX
        );

        // Don't buy dust.
        trade.buyAmount = fixMax(trade.buyAmount, minTradeSize(minTradeVolume, trade.buyPrice));

        // {sellTok} = {buyTok} * {UoA/buyTok} / {UoA/sellTok}
        uint192 exactSellAmount = trade.buyAmount.mulDiv(trade.buyPrice, trade.sellPrice, CEIL);
        // exactSellAmount: Amount to sell to buy `deficitAmount` if there's no slippage

        // slippedSellAmount: Amount needed to sell to buy `deficitAmount`, counting slippage
        uint192 slippedSellAmount = exactSellAmount.div(FIX_ONE.minus(maxTradeSlippage), CEIL);

        trade.sellAmount = fixMin(slippedSellAmount, trade.sellAmount); // {sellTok}
        return prepareTradeSell(trade, minTradeVolume, maxTradeSlippage);
    }

    /// @param asset The asset in consideration
    /// @param amt {tok} The number of whole tokens we plan to sell
    /// @param price {UoA/tok} The price to use for sizing
    /// @param minTradeVolume {UoA} The min trade volume, passed in for gas optimization
    /// @return If amt is sufficiently large to be worth selling into our trading platforms
    function isEnoughToSell(
        IAsset asset,
        uint192 amt,
        uint192 price,
        uint192 minTradeVolume
    ) internal view returns (bool) {
        return
            amt.gte(minTradeSize(minTradeVolume, price)) &&
            // Trading platforms often don't allow token quanta trades for rounding reasons
            // {qTok} = {tok} / {tok/qTok}
            amt.shiftl_toUint(int8(asset.erc20Decimals())) > 1;
    }

    /// @return The result of FixLib.mulDiv bounded from above by FIX_MAX in the case of overflow
    function safeMulDivCeil(
        ITrading trader,
        uint192 x,
        uint192 y,
        uint192 z
    ) internal pure returns (uint192) {
        try trader.mulDivCeil(x, y, z) returns (uint192 result) {
            return result;
        } catch Panic(uint256 errorCode) {
            // 0x11: overflow
            // 0x12: div-by-zero
            // untestable:
            //      Overflow is protected against and checked for in FixLib.mulDiv()
            //      Div-by-zero is NOT protected against, but no caller will ever use 0 for z
            assert(errorCode == 0x11 || errorCode == 0x12);
        } catch (bytes memory reason) {
            assert(keccak256(reason) == UIntOutofBoundsHash);
        }
        return FIX_MAX;
    }

    // === Private ===

    /// Calculates the minTradeSize for an asset based on the given minTradeVolume and price
    /// @param minTradeVolume {UoA} The min trade volume, passed in for gas optimization
    /// @return {tok} The min trade size for the asset in whole tokens
    function minTradeSize(uint192 minTradeVolume, uint192 price) private pure returns (uint192) {
        // {tok} = {UoA} / {UoA/tok}
        uint192 size = price == 0 ? FIX_MAX : minTradeVolume.div(price, CEIL);
        return size > 0 ? size : 1;
    }

    /// Calculates the maxTradeSize for an asset based on the asset's maxTradeVolume and price
    /// @return {tok} The max trade size for the asset in whole tokens
    function maxTradeSize(IAsset asset, uint192 price) private view returns (uint192) {
        // untestable:
        //       Price cannot be 0, it would've been filtered before in `prepareTradeSell`
        uint192 size = price == 0 ? FIX_MAX : asset.maxTradeVolume().div(price, FLOOR);
        return size > 0 ? size : 1;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: BlueOak-1.0.0
pragma solidity 0.8.17;

import "@chainlink/contracts/src/v0.8/interfaces/AggregatorV3Interface.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol";
import "../../interfaces/IAsset.sol";
import "./OracleLib.sol";

contract Asset is IAsset {
    using FixLib for uint192;
    using OracleLib for AggregatorV3Interface;

    AggregatorV3Interface public immutable chainlinkFeed; // {UoA/tok}

    IERC20Metadata public immutable erc20;

    uint8 public immutable erc20Decimals;

    uint192 public immutable override maxTradeVolume; // {UoA}

    uint48 public immutable oracleTimeout; // {s} Seconds that an oracle value is considered valid

    uint192 public immutable oracleError; // {1} The max % deviation allowed by the oracle

    // === Lot price ===

    uint48 public immutable priceTimeout; // {s} The period over which `savedHighPrice` decays to 0

    uint192 public savedLowPrice; // {UoA/tok} The low price of the token during the last update

    uint192 public savedHighPrice; // {UoA/tok} The high price of the token during the last update

    uint48 public lastSave; // {s} The timestamp when prices were last saved

    /// @param priceTimeout_ {s} The number of seconds over which savedHighPrice decays to 0
    /// @param chainlinkFeed_ Feed units: {UoA/tok}
    /// @param oracleError_ {1} The % the oracle feed can be off by
    /// @param maxTradeVolume_ {UoA} The max trade volume, in UoA
    /// @param oracleTimeout_ {s} The number of seconds until a oracle value becomes invalid
    constructor(
        uint48 priceTimeout_,
        AggregatorV3Interface chainlinkFeed_,
        uint192 oracleError_,
        IERC20Metadata erc20_,
        uint192 maxTradeVolume_,
        uint48 oracleTimeout_
    ) {
        require(priceTimeout_ > 0, "price timeout zero");
        require(address(chainlinkFeed_) != address(0), "missing chainlink feed");
        require(oracleError_ > 0 && oracleError_ < FIX_ONE, "oracle error out of range");
        require(address(erc20_) != address(0), "missing erc20");
        require(maxTradeVolume_ > 0, "invalid max trade volume");
        require(oracleTimeout_ > 0, "oracleTimeout zero");
        priceTimeout = priceTimeout_;
        chainlinkFeed = chainlinkFeed_;
        oracleError = oracleError_;
        erc20 = erc20_;
        erc20Decimals = erc20.decimals();
        maxTradeVolume = maxTradeVolume_;
        oracleTimeout = oracleTimeout_;
    }

    /// Can revert, used by other contract functions in order to catch errors
    /// Should not return FIX_MAX for low
    /// Should only return FIX_MAX for high if low is 0
    /// @dev The third (unused) variable is only here for compatibility with Collateral
    /// @param low {UoA/tok} The low price estimate
    /// @param high {UoA/tok} The high price estimate
    function tryPrice()
        external
        view
        virtual
        returns (
            uint192 low,
            uint192 high,
            uint192
        )
    {
        uint192 p = chainlinkFeed.price(oracleTimeout); // {UoA/tok}
        uint192 delta = p.mul(oracleError);
        return (p - delta, p + delta, 0);
    }

    /// Should not revert
    /// Refresh saved prices
    function refresh() public virtual override {
        try this.tryPrice() returns (uint192 low, uint192 high, uint192) {
            // {UoA/tok}, {UoA/tok}
            // (0, 0) is a valid price; (0, FIX_MAX) is unpriced

            // Save prices if priced
            if (high < FIX_MAX) {
                savedLowPrice = low;
                savedHighPrice = high;
                lastSave = uint48(block.timestamp);
            } else {
                // must be unpriced
                assert(low == 0);
            }
        } catch (bytes memory errData) {
            // see: docs/solidity-style.md#Catching-Empty-Data
            if (errData.length == 0) revert(); // solhint-disable-line reason-string
        }
    }

    /// Should not revert
    /// @dev Should be general enough to not need to be overridden
    /// @return {UoA/tok} The lower end of the price estimate
    /// @return {UoA/tok} The upper end of the price estimate
    function price() public view virtual returns (uint192, uint192) {
        try this.tryPrice() returns (uint192 low, uint192 high, uint192) {
            assert(low <= high);
            return (low, high);
        } catch (bytes memory errData) {
            // see: docs/solidity-style.md#Catching-Empty-Data
            if (errData.length == 0) revert(); // solhint-disable-line reason-string
            return (0, FIX_MAX);
        }
    }

    /// Should not revert
    /// lotLow should be nonzero when the asset might be worth selling
    /// @dev Should be general enough to not need to be overridden
    /// @return lotLow {UoA/tok} The lower end of the lot price estimate
    /// @return lotHigh {UoA/tok} The upper end of the lot price estimate
    function lotPrice() external view virtual returns (uint192 lotLow, uint192 lotHigh) {
        try this.tryPrice() returns (uint192 low, uint192 high, uint192) {
            // if the price feed is still functioning, use that
            lotLow = low;
            lotHigh = high;
        } catch (bytes memory errData) {
            // see: docs/solidity-style.md#Catching-Empty-Data
            if (errData.length == 0) revert(); // solhint-disable-line reason-string

            // if the price feed is broken, use a decayed historical value

            uint48 delta = uint48(block.timestamp) - lastSave; // {s}
            if (delta >= priceTimeout) return (0, 0); // no price after timeout elapses

            // {1} = {s} / {s}
            uint192 lotMultiplier = divuu(priceTimeout - delta, priceTimeout);

            // {UoA/tok} = {UoA/tok} * {1}
            lotLow = savedLowPrice.mul(lotMultiplier);
            lotHigh = savedHighPrice.mul(lotMultiplier);
        }
        assert(lotLow <= lotHigh);
    }

    /// @return {tok} The balance of the ERC20 in whole tokens
    function bal(address account) external view returns (uint192) {
        return shiftl_toFix(erc20.balanceOf(account), -int8(erc20Decimals));
    }

    /// @return If the asset is an instance of ICollateral or not
    function isCollateral() external pure virtual returns (bool) {
        return false;
    }

    // solhint-disable no-empty-blocks

    /// Claim rewards earned by holding a balance of the ERC20 token
    /// @dev Use delegatecall
    function claimRewards() external virtual {}

    // solhint-enable no-empty-blocks
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: BlueOak-1.0.0
pragma solidity 0.8.17;

import "@chainlink/contracts/src/v0.8/interfaces/AggregatorV3Interface.sol";
import "../../libraries/Fixed.sol";

error StalePrice();

/// Used by asset plugins to price their collateral
library OracleLib {
    /// @dev Use for on-the-fly calculations that should revert
    /// @param timeout The number of seconds after which oracle values should be considered stale
    /// @return {UoA/tok}
    function price(AggregatorV3Interface chainlinkFeed, uint48 timeout)
        internal
        view
        returns (uint192)
    {
        (uint80 roundId, int256 p, , uint256 updateTime, uint80 answeredInRound) = chainlinkFeed
            .latestRoundData();

        if (updateTime == 0 || answeredInRound < roundId) {
            revert StalePrice();
        }
        // Downcast is safe: uint256(-) reverts on underflow; block.timestamp assumed < 2^48
        uint48 secondsSince = uint48(block.timestamp - updateTime);
        if (secondsSince > timeout) revert StalePrice();

        // {UoA/tok}
        return shiftl_toFix(uint256(p), -int8(chainlinkFeed.decimals()));
    }
}

{
  "optimizer": {
    "enabled": true,
    "runs": 200
  },
  "outputSelection": {
    "*": {
      "*": [
        "evm.bytecode",
        "evm.deployedBytecode",
        "devdoc",
        "userdoc",
        "metadata",
        "abi"
      ]
    }
  },
  "libraries": {}
}

• No Contract Security Audit Submitted- Submit Audit Here

[{"inputs":[{"internalType":"contract IRToken","name":"erc20_","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint192","name":"maxTradeVolume_","type":"uint192"}],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"constructor"},{"inputs":[],"name":"UIntOutOfBounds","type":"error"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":true,"internalType":"contract IERC20","name":"erc20","type":"address"},{"indexed":true,"internalType":"uint256","name":"amount","type":"uint256"}],"name":"RewardsClaimed","type":"event"},{"inputs":[],"name":"assetRegistry","outputs":[{"internalType":"contract IAssetRegistry","name":"","type":"address"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"backingManager","outputs":[{"internalType":"contract IBackingManager","name":"","type":"address"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"account","type":"address"}],"name":"bal","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint192","name":"","type":"uint192"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"basketHandler","outputs":[{"internalType":"contract IBasketHandler","name":"","type":"address"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"claimRewards","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"erc20","outputs":[{"internalType":"contract IERC20Metadata","name":"","type":"address"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"erc20Decimals","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint8","name":"","type":"uint8"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"isCollateral","outputs":[{"internalType":"bool","name":"","type":"bool"}],"stateMutability":"pure","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"lotPrice","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint192","name":"lotLow","type":"uint192"},{"internalType":"uint192","name":"lotHigh","type":"uint192"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"maxTradeVolume","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint192","name":"","type":"uint192"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"price","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint192","name":"","type":"uint192"},{"internalType":"uint192","name":"","type":"uint192"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"refresh","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"tryPrice","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint192","name":"low","type":"uint192"},{"internalType":"uint192","name":"high","type":"uint192"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"}]

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