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Latest 10 from a total of 10 transactions
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Release | 19334112 | 117 days ago | IN | 0 ETH | 0.00799191 | ||||
Renounce Role | 19328303 | 118 days ago | IN | 0 ETH | 0.00250256 | ||||
Renounce Role | 19328303 | 118 days ago | IN | 0 ETH | 0.00251984 | ||||
Grant Role | 19328299 | 118 days ago | IN | 0 ETH | 0.00629001 | ||||
Grant Role | 19328299 | 118 days ago | IN | 0 ETH | 0.00629076 | ||||
Grant Role | 19328299 | 118 days ago | IN | 0 ETH | 0.0062669 | ||||
Add Schedule | 19328096 | 118 days ago | IN | 0 ETH | 0.01037316 | ||||
Add Schedule | 19328096 | 118 days ago | IN | 0 ETH | 0.01187954 | ||||
Set Token | 19328089 | 118 days ago | IN | 0 ETH | 0.00326799 | ||||
0x60806040 | 19328081 | 118 days ago | IN | Create: TokenVestingSigmoid | 0 ETH | 0.16313252 |
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Contract Name:
TokenVestingSigmoid
Compiler Version
v0.8.20+commit.a1b79de6
Optimization Enabled:
Yes with 200 runs
Other Settings:
paris EvmVersion
Contract Source Code (Solidity Standard Json-Input format)
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT // Copyright 2024 Divergence Tech Ltd pragma solidity ^0.8.20; import {Sigmoid} from "./Sigmoid.sol"; import {SafeERC20, IERC20} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol"; import {AccessControlEnumerable} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/access/AccessControlEnumerable.sol"; import {UD60x18, UNIT, ZERO, convert} from "@prb/math/src/UD60x18.sol"; /// @notice Events for TokenVestingSigmoid contract, abstracted to allow testing. interface TokenVestingSigmoidEvents { /** * @notice Emitted when a new vesting schedule is added. * @dev tHalf is the absolute time at which 50% will be released, not relative to the event (unlike the argument * passed when adding a schedule). */ event SigmoidScheduleAdded(address indexed to, uint256 value, UD60x18 p0, uint256 tHalf); /** * @notice Emitted when tokens are released according to the schedule. * @dev The `current` value is the amount transferred whereas the `total` is a sum of all such amounts. */ event Released(address indexed to, uint256 current, uint256 total); /** * @notice Emitted when the recipient has a valid schedule but there are no tokens to release currently. * @dev Equivalent to Released(to, 0, …) */ event NoValueToRelease(address indexed to); } /** * @notice Vesting contract for releasing tokens according to the Portal Whitepaper's "Reward Emissions" sigmoid curve. * https://portalcoin.xyz/whitepaper * @author Arran Schlosberg (@divergencearran) * @dev Although the primary use of this contract is in a system with a trusted token contract, we still follow CEI to * protect against reentrancy in case someone else inadvertently uses it otherwise. * @dev This contract and the associated curve have only been tested within a range of parameters considered sensible * for the Portal coin. Caveat importor. */ contract TokenVestingSigmoid is TokenVestingSigmoidEvents, AccessControlEnumerable { using SafeERC20 for IERC20; using Sigmoid for Sigmoid.PortalCurve; /// @notice Thrown if a zero address is passed as the admin. error ZeroAdminAddress(); /// @notice Thrown if setToken() is called twice. error TokenAlreadySet(); /// @notice Thrown if argument(s) passed into setSchedule() are invalid. error InvalidScheduleArgs(address recipient, uint256 value); /// @notice Thrown when addSchedule() is called with the same recipient as previously called. error ScheduleAlreadyExists(address); /// @notice Thrown when release() is called for a recipient that hasn't had a schedule previously added. error ScheduleNotFound(address); /// @dev Storage struct for a vesting schedule. struct Schedule { // Although we only use less than half of the bits in the UD60x18 fields, packing more tightly would add // (marginal) complexity and hence risk of error; the intent of this contract is to store 33% of all Portal // coins with only two addresses vesting, so the severity of the risk far outweighs gas benefits. UD60x18 value; UD60x18 released; // Although startTime can use a smaller value, it would be the only field not using an entire word so there // would be no storage savings. uint256 startTime; Sigmoid.PortalCurve curve; } /// @notice Role allowed to add vesting schedules. bytes32 public constant SCHEDULE_ADDER_ROLE = keccak256("SCHEDULE_ADDER_ROLE"); /// @notice Role allowed to release tokens on behalf of other users. bytes32 public constant TOKEN_RELEASER_ROLE = keccak256("TOKEN_RELEASER_ROLE"); /// @notice The ERC20 token being locked and released according to a vesting curve. IERC20 public token; /// @notice Vesting schedules. mapping(address => Schedule) public schedules; constructor(address admin) { if (admin == address(0)) { revert ZeroAdminAddress(); } _grantRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE, admin); _grantRole(SCHEDULE_ADDER_ROLE, admin); _grantRole(TOKEN_RELEASER_ROLE, admin); } /** * @notice Single-use setter of the IERC20 token to vest through this contract. * @dev This is abstracted out of the constructor for compatibility with other parts of the ecosystem. */ function setToken(IERC20 token_) external onlyRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE) { if (address(token) != address(0)) { revert TokenAlreadySet(); } token = token_; } /** * @notice Adds a vesting schedule for the recipient, pulling the tokens from msg.sender, which must have already * approved this contract for at least `value`. * @dev See Sigmoid.PortalCurve for details. * @dev This is gated by role because only one schedule can be added per address and some jerk might add a 0-value * schedule just to grief the contract. * @param recipient Receiver of the tokens. * @param value Total amount of tokens once fully vested. Limited to uint128 for compatibility with fixed-point * library. * @param p0 Proportion of tokens [0,0.5) available immediately. * @param tHalfFromNow Time, in seconds from now, at which half of value will be available. */ function addSchedule(address recipient, uint128 value, UD60x18 p0, uint64 tHalfFromNow) external onlyRole(SCHEDULE_ADDER_ROLE) { // CHECKS if (value == 0 || recipient == address(0)) { revert InvalidScheduleArgs(recipient, value); } if (schedules[recipient].value != ZERO) { revert ScheduleAlreadyExists(recipient); } // EFFECTS schedules[recipient] = Schedule({ value: convert(value), released: UD60x18.wrap(0), curve: Sigmoid.init(p0, convert(tHalfFromNow)), startTime: block.timestamp }); // INTERACTIONS token.safeTransferFrom(msg.sender, address(this), value); emit SigmoidScheduleAdded(recipient, value, p0, block.timestamp + tHalfFromNow); } /// @notice Equivalent to release(msg.sender) without role restrictions. function release() external { _release(msg.sender); } /** * @notice Release all tokens vested to date that have not already been release()d. * @dev Results in an amount equivalent to available(recipient) being sent to `recipient`. */ function release(address recipient) external onlyRole(TOKEN_RELEASER_ROLE) { _release(recipient); } function _release(address recipient) internal { // CHECKS (uint256 toRelease, UD60x18 total) = _available(recipient); if (toRelease == 0) { emit NoValueToRelease(recipient); return; } // EFFECTS schedules[recipient].released = total; // INTERACTIONS token.safeTransfer(recipient, toRelease); emit Released(recipient, toRelease, convert(total)); } /** * @notice Returns the amount of tokens that would be sent to `recipient` if release(recipient) were to be called * at the same timestamp. */ function available(address recipient) external view returns (uint256 amount) { (amount,) = _available(recipient); } /** * @dev Implementation of available() for internal use, returning additional values. * @return toReleaseNowInWei The amount to release now, in wei. This is compatible with IERC20 amounts/values. * @return totalReleasableToDate The total amount releasable up to this point in time, as a fixed-point value. * This is _NOT_ compatible with IERC20 amounts unless passed through convert(). Will be the sum of all release-now * values returned when this function is/was called by release(), and is returned to be stored the recipient's * Schedule to prevent double-releasing. */ function _available(address recipient) internal view returns (uint256 toReleaseNowInWei, UD60x18 totalReleasableToDate) { Schedule memory sched = schedules[recipient]; if (sched.value == ZERO) { revert ScheduleNotFound(recipient); } UD60x18 t = convert(block.timestamp - sched.startTime); UD60x18 total = sched.curve.at(t).mul(sched.value); if (total <= sched.released) { return (0, total); } UD60x18 toRelease = total.sub(sched.released); // convert() will divide by UNIT, which we have to account for in the total. return (convert(toRelease), total.sub(toRelease.mod(UNIT))); } }
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT // Copyright 2024 Divergence Tech Ltd pragma solidity ^0.8.20; import {SD59x18, intoUD60x18, UNIT as sONE, ZERO as sZERO} from "@prb/math/src/SD59x18.sol"; import {UD60x18, intoSD59x18, UNIT as uONE, ZERO as uZERO} from "@prb/math/src/UD60x18.sol"; UD60x18 constant HALF = UD60x18.wrap(0.5e18); /** * @notice Library for computing proportion of tokens released according to the Portal Whitepaper's "Reward Emissions" * sigmoid curve. https://portalcoin.xyz/whitepaper * @dev All calculations are performed in fixed-point arithmetic to 18 decimal places. * @author Arran Schlosberg (@divergencearran) */ library Sigmoid { error ProportionNotLessThanHalf(UD60x18); error TimeForHalfIsZero(); /** * @notice Carries the k and c coefficients defined in the whitepaper, allowing for computation of 1/(1+ke^{-ct}). * @dev Use init() to construct a PortalCurve. * @dev The c coefficient is always negated so we store it as such. */ struct PortalCurve { SD59x18 k; SD59x18 negC; } /** * @notice Constructs a new PortalCurve. * @param p0 The proportion [0,0.5) at t = 0. * @param tHalf The time, t > 0, at which PortalCurve.at(t) returns 0.5. Time units are arbitrary. * @return A PortalCurve. */ function init(UD60x18 p0, UD60x18 tHalf) internal pure returns (PortalCurve memory) { if (p0 >= HALF) { // Since tHalf is positive, p0 must be <0.5. revert ProportionNotLessThanHalf(p0); } if (tHalf == uZERO) { // tHalf is the denominator of `c` so it can't be zero. This would also imply that p0 MUST be 0.5, in which // case the curve is underspecified. revert TimeForHalfIsZero(); } // k = 1/p0 - 1 SD59x18 k = intoSD59x18(p0).inv().sub(sONE); assert(k != sZERO); // see isSet() for rationale behind this invariant // c = ln(k) / tHalf return PortalCurve({k: k, negC: -(k.ln().div(intoSD59x18(tHalf)))}); } /** * @notice Computes the value of the curve at an arbitrary point in time. * @param curve A PortalCurve constructed with init(). * @param t The time t >= 0 in the same units as those passed to init(). * @return A value [0,1]. By definition, if t = 0 then the returned value is the first argument passed to init(), * and if t is the second value passed to init() then at() returns 0.5. */ function at(PortalCurve memory curve, UD60x18 t) internal pure returns (UD60x18) { // 1 / (1 + ke^{-ct}) UD60x18 val = intoUD60x18(intoSD59x18(t).mul(curve.negC).exp().mul(curve.k).add(sONE).inv()); // All tests are performed as approximate equality within some tolerance, but strict equality is required as t // tends to infinity. return val > uONE ? uONE : val; } /** * @notice Efficiently tests whether a *stored* PortalCurve has been set by only reading one word, k. * @dev The only way k can be zero is if p0, as passed to init(), was 1 (i.e. 100% up front) and this would have * reverted anyway. */ function isSet(PortalCurve storage curve) internal view returns (bool) { return curve.k != sZERO; } }
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.3) (token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol) pragma solidity ^0.8.0; import "../IERC20.sol"; import "../extensions/IERC20Permit.sol"; import "../../../utils/Address.sol"; /** * @title SafeERC20 * @dev Wrappers around ERC20 operations that throw on failure (when the token * contract returns false). Tokens that return no value (and instead revert or * throw on failure) are also supported, non-reverting calls are assumed to be * successful. * To use this library you can add a `using SafeERC20 for IERC20;` statement to your contract, * which allows you to call the safe operations as `token.safeTransfer(...)`, etc. */ library SafeERC20 { using Address for address; /** * @dev Transfer `value` amount of `token` from the calling contract to `to`. If `token` returns no value, * non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful. */ function safeTransfer(IERC20 token, address to, uint256 value) internal { _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.transfer.selector, to, value)); } /** * @dev Transfer `value` amount of `token` from `from` to `to`, spending the approval given by `from` to the * calling contract. If `token` returns no value, non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful. */ function safeTransferFrom(IERC20 token, address from, address to, uint256 value) internal { _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.transferFrom.selector, from, to, value)); } /** * @dev Deprecated. This function has issues similar to the ones found in * {IERC20-approve}, and its usage is discouraged. * * Whenever possible, use {safeIncreaseAllowance} and * {safeDecreaseAllowance} instead. */ function safeApprove(IERC20 token, address spender, uint256 value) internal { // safeApprove should only be called when setting an initial allowance, // or when resetting it to zero. To increase and decrease it, use // 'safeIncreaseAllowance' and 'safeDecreaseAllowance' require( (value == 0) || (token.allowance(address(this), spender) == 0), "SafeERC20: approve from non-zero to non-zero allowance" ); _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, value)); } /** * @dev Increase the calling contract's allowance toward `spender` by `value`. If `token` returns no value, * non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful. */ function safeIncreaseAllowance(IERC20 token, address spender, uint256 value) internal { uint256 oldAllowance = token.allowance(address(this), spender); _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, oldAllowance + value)); } /** * @dev Decrease the calling contract's allowance toward `spender` by `value`. If `token` returns no value, * non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful. */ function safeDecreaseAllowance(IERC20 token, address spender, uint256 value) internal { unchecked { uint256 oldAllowance = token.allowance(address(this), spender); require(oldAllowance >= value, "SafeERC20: decreased allowance below zero"); _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, oldAllowance - value)); } } /** * @dev Set the calling contract's allowance toward `spender` to `value`. If `token` returns no value, * non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful. Meant to be used with tokens that require the approval * to be set to zero before setting it to a non-zero value, such as USDT. */ function forceApprove(IERC20 token, address spender, uint256 value) internal { bytes memory approvalCall = abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, value); if (!_callOptionalReturnBool(token, approvalCall)) { _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, 0)); _callOptionalReturn(token, approvalCall); } } /** * @dev Use a ERC-2612 signature to set the `owner` approval toward `spender` on `token`. * Revert on invalid signature. */ function safePermit( IERC20Permit token, address owner, address spender, uint256 value, uint256 deadline, uint8 v, bytes32 r, bytes32 s ) internal { uint256 nonceBefore = token.nonces(owner); token.permit(owner, spender, value, deadline, v, r, s); uint256 nonceAfter = token.nonces(owner); require(nonceAfter == nonceBefore + 1, "SafeERC20: permit did not succeed"); } /** * @dev Imitates a Solidity high-level call (i.e. a regular function call to a contract), relaxing the requirement * on the return value: the return value is optional (but if data is returned, it must not be false). * @param token The token targeted by the call. * @param data The call data (encoded using abi.encode or one of its variants). */ function _callOptionalReturn(IERC20 token, bytes memory data) private { // We need to perform a low level call here, to bypass Solidity's return data size checking mechanism, since // we're implementing it ourselves. We use {Address-functionCall} to perform this call, which verifies that // the target address contains contract code and also asserts for success in the low-level call. bytes memory returndata = address(token).functionCall(data, "SafeERC20: low-level call failed"); require(returndata.length == 0 || abi.decode(returndata, (bool)), "SafeERC20: ERC20 operation did not succeed"); } /** * @dev Imitates a Solidity high-level call (i.e. a regular function call to a contract), relaxing the requirement * on the return value: the return value is optional (but if data is returned, it must not be false). * @param token The token targeted by the call. * @param data The call data (encoded using abi.encode or one of its variants). * * This is a variant of {_callOptionalReturn} that silents catches all reverts and returns a bool instead. */ function _callOptionalReturnBool(IERC20 token, bytes memory data) private returns (bool) { // We need to perform a low level call here, to bypass Solidity's return data size checking mechanism, since // we're implementing it ourselves. We cannot use {Address-functionCall} here since this should return false // and not revert is the subcall reverts. (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = address(token).call(data); return success && (returndata.length == 0 || abi.decode(returndata, (bool))) && Address.isContract(address(token)); } }
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.5.0) (access/AccessControlEnumerable.sol) pragma solidity ^0.8.0; import "./IAccessControlEnumerable.sol"; import "./AccessControl.sol"; import "../utils/structs/EnumerableSet.sol"; /** * @dev Extension of {AccessControl} that allows enumerating the members of each role. */ abstract contract AccessControlEnumerable is IAccessControlEnumerable, AccessControl { using EnumerableSet for EnumerableSet.AddressSet; mapping(bytes32 => EnumerableSet.AddressSet) private _roleMembers; /** * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}. */ function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) { return interfaceId == type(IAccessControlEnumerable).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId); } /** * @dev Returns one of the accounts that have `role`. `index` must be a * value between 0 and {getRoleMemberCount}, non-inclusive. * * Role bearers are not sorted in any particular way, and their ordering may * change at any point. * * WARNING: When using {getRoleMember} and {getRoleMemberCount}, make sure * you perform all queries on the same block. See the following * https://forum.openzeppelin.com/t/iterating-over-elements-on-enumerableset-in-openzeppelin-contracts/2296[forum post] * for more information. */ function getRoleMember(bytes32 role, uint256 index) public view virtual override returns (address) { return _roleMembers[role].at(index); } /** * @dev Returns the number of accounts that have `role`. Can be used * together with {getRoleMember} to enumerate all bearers of a role. */ function getRoleMemberCount(bytes32 role) public view virtual override returns (uint256) { return _roleMembers[role].length(); } /** * @dev Overload {_grantRole} to track enumerable memberships */ function _grantRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal virtual override { super._grantRole(role, account); _roleMembers[role].add(account); } /** * @dev Overload {_revokeRole} to track enumerable memberships */ function _revokeRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal virtual override { super._revokeRole(role, account); _roleMembers[role].remove(account); } }
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT pragma solidity >=0.8.19; /* ██████╗ ██████╗ ██████╗ ███╗ ███╗ █████╗ ████████╗██╗ ██╗ ██╔══██╗██╔══██╗██╔══██╗████╗ ████║██╔══██╗╚══██╔══╝██║ ██║ ██████╔╝██████╔╝██████╔╝██╔████╔██║███████║ ██║ ███████║ ██╔═══╝ ██╔══██╗██╔══██╗██║╚██╔╝██║██╔══██║ ██║ ██╔══██║ ██║ ██║ ██║██████╔╝██║ ╚═╝ ██║██║ ██║ ██║ ██║ ██║ ╚═╝ ╚═╝ ╚═╝╚═════╝ ╚═╝ ╚═╝╚═╝ ╚═╝ ╚═╝ ╚═╝ ╚═╝ ██╗ ██╗██████╗ ██████╗ ██████╗ ██╗ ██╗ ██╗ █████╗ ██║ ██║██╔══██╗██╔════╝ ██╔═████╗╚██╗██╔╝███║██╔══██╗ ██║ ██║██║ ██║███████╗ ██║██╔██║ ╚███╔╝ ╚██║╚█████╔╝ ██║ ██║██║ ██║██╔═══██╗████╔╝██║ ██╔██╗ ██║██╔══██╗ ╚██████╔╝██████╔╝╚██████╔╝╚██████╔╝██╔╝ ██╗ ██║╚█████╔╝ ╚═════╝ ╚═════╝ ╚═════╝ ╚═════╝ ╚═╝ ╚═╝ ╚═╝ ╚════╝ */ import "./ud60x18/Casting.sol"; import "./ud60x18/Constants.sol"; import "./ud60x18/Conversions.sol"; import "./ud60x18/Errors.sol"; import "./ud60x18/Helpers.sol"; import "./ud60x18/Math.sol"; import "./ud60x18/ValueType.sol";
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT pragma solidity >=0.8.19; /* ██████╗ ██████╗ ██████╗ ███╗ ███╗ █████╗ ████████╗██╗ ██╗ ██╔══██╗██╔══██╗██╔══██╗████╗ ████║██╔══██╗╚══██╔══╝██║ ██║ ██████╔╝██████╔╝██████╔╝██╔████╔██║███████║ ██║ ███████║ ██╔═══╝ ██╔══██╗██╔══██╗██║╚██╔╝██║██╔══██║ ██║ ██╔══██║ ██║ ██║ ██║██████╔╝██║ ╚═╝ ██║██║ ██║ ██║ ██║ ██║ ╚═╝ ╚═╝ ╚═╝╚═════╝ ╚═╝ ╚═╝╚═╝ ╚═╝ ╚═╝ ╚═╝ ╚═╝ ███████╗██████╗ ███████╗ █████╗ ██╗ ██╗ ██╗ █████╗ ██╔════╝██╔══██╗██╔════╝██╔══██╗╚██╗██╔╝███║██╔══██╗ ███████╗██║ ██║███████╗╚██████║ ╚███╔╝ ╚██║╚█████╔╝ ╚════██║██║ ██║╚════██║ ╚═══██║ ██╔██╗ ██║██╔══██╗ ███████║██████╔╝███████║ █████╔╝██╔╝ ██╗ ██║╚█████╔╝ ╚══════╝╚═════╝ ╚══════╝ ╚════╝ ╚═╝ ╚═╝ ╚═╝ ╚════╝ */ import "./sd59x18/Casting.sol"; import "./sd59x18/Constants.sol"; import "./sd59x18/Conversions.sol"; import "./sd59x18/Errors.sol"; import "./sd59x18/Helpers.sol"; import "./sd59x18/Math.sol"; import "./sd59x18/ValueType.sol";
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (token/ERC20/IERC20.sol) pragma solidity ^0.8.0; /** * @dev Interface of the ERC20 standard as defined in the EIP. */ interface IERC20 { /** * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens are moved from one account (`from`) to * another (`to`). * * Note that `value` may be zero. */ event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value); /** * @dev Emitted when the allowance of a `spender` for an `owner` is set by * a call to {approve}. `value` is the new allowance. */ event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value); /** * @dev Returns the amount of tokens in existence. */ function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256); /** * @dev Returns the amount of tokens owned by `account`. */ function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256); /** * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from the caller's account to `to`. * * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded. * * Emits a {Transfer} event. */ function transfer(address to, uint256 amount) external returns (bool); /** * @dev Returns the remaining number of tokens that `spender` will be * allowed to spend on behalf of `owner` through {transferFrom}. This is * zero by default. * * This value changes when {approve} or {transferFrom} are called. */ function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256); /** * @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the caller's tokens. * * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded. * * IMPORTANT: Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk * that someone may use both the old and the new allowance by unfortunate * transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this race * condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the * desired value afterwards: * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729 * * Emits an {Approval} event. */ function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) external returns (bool); /** * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from `from` to `to` using the * allowance mechanism. `amount` is then deducted from the caller's * allowance. * * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded. * * Emits a {Transfer} event. */ function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 amount) external returns (bool); }
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Permit.sol) pragma solidity ^0.8.0; /** * @dev Interface of the ERC20 Permit extension allowing approvals to be made via signatures, as defined in * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612[EIP-2612]. * * Adds the {permit} method, which can be used to change an account's ERC20 allowance (see {IERC20-allowance}) by * presenting a message signed by the account. By not relying on {IERC20-approve}, the token holder account doesn't * need to send a transaction, and thus is not required to hold Ether at all. */ interface IERC20Permit { /** * @dev Sets `value` as the allowance of `spender` over ``owner``'s tokens, * given ``owner``'s signed approval. * * IMPORTANT: The same issues {IERC20-approve} has related to transaction * ordering also apply here. * * Emits an {Approval} event. * * Requirements: * * - `spender` cannot be the zero address. * - `deadline` must be a timestamp in the future. * - `v`, `r` and `s` must be a valid `secp256k1` signature from `owner` * over the EIP712-formatted function arguments. * - the signature must use ``owner``'s current nonce (see {nonces}). * * For more information on the signature format, see the * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612#specification[relevant EIP * section]. */ function permit( address owner, address spender, uint256 value, uint256 deadline, uint8 v, bytes32 r, bytes32 s ) external; /** * @dev Returns the current nonce for `owner`. This value must be * included whenever a signature is generated for {permit}. * * Every successful call to {permit} increases ``owner``'s nonce by one. This * prevents a signature from being used multiple times. */ function nonces(address owner) external view returns (uint256); /** * @dev Returns the domain separator used in the encoding of the signature for {permit}, as defined by {EIP712}. */ // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase function DOMAIN_SEPARATOR() external view returns (bytes32); }
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/Address.sol) pragma solidity ^0.8.1; /** * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type */ library Address { /** * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract. * * [IMPORTANT] * ==== * It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this function returns * false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a contract. * * Among others, `isContract` will return false for the following * types of addresses: * * - an externally-owned account * - a contract in construction * - an address where a contract will be created * - an address where a contract lived, but was destroyed * * Furthermore, `isContract` will also return true if the target contract within * the same transaction is already scheduled for destruction by `SELFDESTRUCT`, * which only has an effect at the end of a transaction. * ==== * * [IMPORTANT] * ==== * You shouldn't rely on `isContract` to protect against flash loan attacks! * * Preventing calls from contracts is highly discouraged. It breaks composability, breaks support for smart wallets * like Gnosis Safe, and does not provide security since it can be circumvented by calling from a contract * constructor. * ==== */ function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) { // This method relies on extcodesize/address.code.length, which returns 0 // for contracts in construction, since the code is only stored at the end // of the constructor execution. return account.code.length > 0; } /** * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors. * * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation. * * https://consensys.net/diligence/blog/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more]. * * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using * {ReentrancyGuard} or the * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.8.0/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern]. */ function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal { require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Address: insufficient balance"); (bool success, ) = recipient.call{value: amount}(""); require(success, "Address: unable to send value, recipient may have reverted"); } /** * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A * plain `call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this * function instead. * * If `target` reverts with a revert reason, it is bubbled up by this * function (like regular Solidity function calls). * * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value, * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`]. * * Requirements: * * - `target` must be a contract. * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert. * * _Available since v3.1._ */ function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) { return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, "Address: low-level call failed"); } /** * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], but with * `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts. * * _Available since v3.1._ */ function functionCall( address target, bytes memory data, string memory errorMessage ) internal returns (bytes memory) { return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, errorMessage); } /** * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`. * * Requirements: * * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`. * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`. * * _Available since v3.1._ */ function functionCallWithValue(address target, bytes memory data, uint256 value) internal returns (bytes memory) { return functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, "Address: low-level call with value failed"); } /** * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCallWithValue-address-bytes-uint256-}[`functionCallWithValue`], but * with `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts. * * _Available since v3.1._ */ function functionCallWithValue( address target, bytes memory data, uint256 value, string memory errorMessage ) internal returns (bytes memory) { require(address(this).balance >= value, "Address: insufficient balance for call"); (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{value: value}(data); return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage); } /** * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], * but performing a static call. * * _Available since v3.3._ */ function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal view returns (bytes memory) { return functionStaticCall(target, data, "Address: low-level static call failed"); } /** * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`], * but performing a static call. * * _Available since v3.3._ */ function functionStaticCall( address target, bytes memory data, string memory errorMessage ) internal view returns (bytes memory) { (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data); return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage); } /** * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], * but performing a delegate call. * * _Available since v3.4._ */ function functionDelegateCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) { return functionDelegateCall(target, data, "Address: low-level delegate call failed"); } /** * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`], * but performing a delegate call. * * _Available since v3.4._ */ function functionDelegateCall( address target, bytes memory data, string memory errorMessage ) internal returns (bytes memory) { (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.delegatecall(data); return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage); } /** * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call to smart-contract was successful, and revert (either by bubbling * the revert reason or using the provided one) in case of unsuccessful call or if target was not a contract. * * _Available since v4.8._ */ function verifyCallResultFromTarget( address target, bool success, bytes memory returndata, string memory errorMessage ) internal view returns (bytes memory) { if (success) { if (returndata.length == 0) { // only check isContract if the call was successful and the return data is empty // otherwise we already know that it was a contract require(isContract(target), "Address: call to non-contract"); } return returndata; } else { _revert(returndata, errorMessage); } } /** * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call was successful, and revert if it wasn't, either by bubbling the * revert reason or using the provided one. * * _Available since v4.3._ */ function verifyCallResult( bool success, bytes memory returndata, string memory errorMessage ) internal pure returns (bytes memory) { if (success) { return returndata; } else { _revert(returndata, errorMessage); } } function _revert(bytes memory returndata, string memory errorMessage) private pure { // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present if (returndata.length > 0) { // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly assembly { let returndata_size := mload(returndata) revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size) } } else { revert(errorMessage); } } }
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT // OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (access/IAccessControlEnumerable.sol) pragma solidity ^0.8.0; import "./IAccessControl.sol"; /** * @dev External interface of AccessControlEnumerable declared to support ERC165 detection. */ interface IAccessControlEnumerable is IAccessControl { /** * @dev Returns one of the accounts that have `role`. `index` must be a * value between 0 and {getRoleMemberCount}, non-inclusive. * * Role bearers are not sorted in any particular way, and their ordering may * change at any point. * * WARNING: When using {getRoleMember} and {getRoleMemberCount}, make sure * you perform all queries on the same block. See the following * https://forum.openzeppelin.com/t/iterating-over-elements-on-enumerableset-in-openzeppelin-contracts/2296[forum post] * for more information. */ function getRoleMember(bytes32 role, uint256 index) external view returns (address); /** * @dev Returns the number of accounts that have `role`. Can be used * together with {getRoleMember} to enumerate all bearers of a role. */ function getRoleMemberCount(bytes32 role) external view returns (uint256); }
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (access/AccessControl.sol) pragma solidity ^0.8.0; import "./IAccessControl.sol"; import "../utils/Context.sol"; import "../utils/Strings.sol"; import "../utils/introspection/ERC165.sol"; /** * @dev Contract module that allows children to implement role-based access * control mechanisms. This is a lightweight version that doesn't allow enumerating role * members except through off-chain means by accessing the contract event logs. Some * applications may benefit from on-chain enumerability, for those cases see * {AccessControlEnumerable}. * * Roles are referred to by their `bytes32` identifier. These should be exposed * in the external API and be unique. The best way to achieve this is by * using `public constant` hash digests: * * ```solidity * bytes32 public constant MY_ROLE = keccak256("MY_ROLE"); * ``` * * Roles can be used to represent a set of permissions. To restrict access to a * function call, use {hasRole}: * * ```solidity * function foo() public { * require(hasRole(MY_ROLE, msg.sender)); * ... * } * ``` * * Roles can be granted and revoked dynamically via the {grantRole} and * {revokeRole} functions. Each role has an associated admin role, and only * accounts that have a role's admin role can call {grantRole} and {revokeRole}. * * By default, the admin role for all roles is `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE`, which means * that only accounts with this role will be able to grant or revoke other * roles. More complex role relationships can be created by using * {_setRoleAdmin}. * * WARNING: The `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` is also its own admin: it has permission to * grant and revoke this role. Extra precautions should be taken to secure * accounts that have been granted it. We recommend using {AccessControlDefaultAdminRules} * to enforce additional security measures for this role. */ abstract contract AccessControl is Context, IAccessControl, ERC165 { struct RoleData { mapping(address => bool) members; bytes32 adminRole; } mapping(bytes32 => RoleData) private _roles; bytes32 public constant DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE = 0x00; /** * @dev Modifier that checks that an account has a specific role. Reverts * with a standardized message including the required role. * * The format of the revert reason is given by the following regular expression: * * /^AccessControl: account (0x[0-9a-f]{40}) is missing role (0x[0-9a-f]{64})$/ * * _Available since v4.1._ */ modifier onlyRole(bytes32 role) { _checkRole(role); _; } /** * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}. */ function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) { return interfaceId == type(IAccessControl).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId); } /** * @dev Returns `true` if `account` has been granted `role`. */ function hasRole(bytes32 role, address account) public view virtual override returns (bool) { return _roles[role].members[account]; } /** * @dev Revert with a standard message if `_msgSender()` is missing `role`. * Overriding this function changes the behavior of the {onlyRole} modifier. * * Format of the revert message is described in {_checkRole}. * * _Available since v4.6._ */ function _checkRole(bytes32 role) internal view virtual { _checkRole(role, _msgSender()); } /** * @dev Revert with a standard message if `account` is missing `role`. * * The format of the revert reason is given by the following regular expression: * * /^AccessControl: account (0x[0-9a-f]{40}) is missing role (0x[0-9a-f]{64})$/ */ function _checkRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal view virtual { if (!hasRole(role, account)) { revert( string( abi.encodePacked( "AccessControl: account ", Strings.toHexString(account), " is missing role ", Strings.toHexString(uint256(role), 32) ) ) ); } } /** * @dev Returns the admin role that controls `role`. See {grantRole} and * {revokeRole}. * * To change a role's admin, use {_setRoleAdmin}. */ function getRoleAdmin(bytes32 role) public view virtual override returns (bytes32) { return _roles[role].adminRole; } /** * @dev Grants `role` to `account`. * * If `account` had not been already granted `role`, emits a {RoleGranted} * event. * * Requirements: * * - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role. * * May emit a {RoleGranted} event. */ function grantRole(bytes32 role, address account) public virtual override onlyRole(getRoleAdmin(role)) { _grantRole(role, account); } /** * @dev Revokes `role` from `account`. * * If `account` had been granted `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked} event. * * Requirements: * * - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role. * * May emit a {RoleRevoked} event. */ function revokeRole(bytes32 role, address account) public virtual override onlyRole(getRoleAdmin(role)) { _revokeRole(role, account); } /** * @dev Revokes `role` from the calling account. * * Roles are often managed via {grantRole} and {revokeRole}: this function's * purpose is to provide a mechanism for accounts to lose their privileges * if they are compromised (such as when a trusted device is misplaced). * * If the calling account had been revoked `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked} * event. * * Requirements: * * - the caller must be `account`. * * May emit a {RoleRevoked} event. */ function renounceRole(bytes32 role, address account) public virtual override { require(account == _msgSender(), "AccessControl: can only renounce roles for self"); _revokeRole(role, account); } /** * @dev Grants `role` to `account`. * * If `account` had not been already granted `role`, emits a {RoleGranted} * event. Note that unlike {grantRole}, this function doesn't perform any * checks on the calling account. * * May emit a {RoleGranted} event. * * [WARNING] * ==== * This function should only be called from the constructor when setting * up the initial roles for the system. * * Using this function in any other way is effectively circumventing the admin * system imposed by {AccessControl}. * ==== * * NOTE: This function is deprecated in favor of {_grantRole}. */ function _setupRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal virtual { _grantRole(role, account); } /** * @dev Sets `adminRole` as ``role``'s admin role. * * Emits a {RoleAdminChanged} event. */ function _setRoleAdmin(bytes32 role, bytes32 adminRole) internal virtual { bytes32 previousAdminRole = getRoleAdmin(role); _roles[role].adminRole = adminRole; emit RoleAdminChanged(role, previousAdminRole, adminRole); } /** * @dev Grants `role` to `account`. * * Internal function without access restriction. * * May emit a {RoleGranted} event. */ function _grantRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal virtual { if (!hasRole(role, account)) { _roles[role].members[account] = true; emit RoleGranted(role, account, _msgSender()); } } /** * @dev Revokes `role` from `account`. * * Internal function without access restriction. * * May emit a {RoleRevoked} event. */ function _revokeRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal virtual { if (hasRole(role, account)) { _roles[role].members[account] = false; emit RoleRevoked(role, account, _msgSender()); } } }
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/structs/EnumerableSet.sol) // This file was procedurally generated from scripts/generate/templates/EnumerableSet.js. pragma solidity ^0.8.0; /** * @dev Library for managing * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Set_(abstract_data_type)[sets] of primitive * types. * * Sets have the following properties: * * - Elements are added, removed, and checked for existence in constant time * (O(1)). * - Elements are enumerated in O(n). No guarantees are made on the ordering. * * ```solidity * contract Example { * // Add the library methods * using EnumerableSet for EnumerableSet.AddressSet; * * // Declare a set state variable * EnumerableSet.AddressSet private mySet; * } * ``` * * As of v3.3.0, sets of type `bytes32` (`Bytes32Set`), `address` (`AddressSet`) * and `uint256` (`UintSet`) are supported. * * [WARNING] * ==== * Trying to delete such a structure from storage will likely result in data corruption, rendering the structure * unusable. * See https://github.com/ethereum/solidity/pull/11843[ethereum/solidity#11843] for more info. * * In order to clean an EnumerableSet, you can either remove all elements one by one or create a fresh instance using an * array of EnumerableSet. * ==== */ library EnumerableSet { // To implement this library for multiple types with as little code // repetition as possible, we write it in terms of a generic Set type with // bytes32 values. // The Set implementation uses private functions, and user-facing // implementations (such as AddressSet) are just wrappers around the // underlying Set. // This means that we can only create new EnumerableSets for types that fit // in bytes32. struct Set { // Storage of set values bytes32[] _values; // Position of the value in the `values` array, plus 1 because index 0 // means a value is not in the set. mapping(bytes32 => uint256) _indexes; } /** * @dev Add a value to a set. O(1). * * Returns true if the value was added to the set, that is if it was not * already present. */ function _add(Set storage set, bytes32 value) private returns (bool) { if (!_contains(set, value)) { set._values.push(value); // The value is stored at length-1, but we add 1 to all indexes // and use 0 as a sentinel value set._indexes[value] = set._values.length; return true; } else { return false; } } /** * @dev Removes a value from a set. O(1). * * Returns true if the value was removed from the set, that is if it was * present. */ function _remove(Set storage set, bytes32 value) private returns (bool) { // We read and store the value's index to prevent multiple reads from the same storage slot uint256 valueIndex = set._indexes[value]; if (valueIndex != 0) { // Equivalent to contains(set, value) // To delete an element from the _values array in O(1), we swap the element to delete with the last one in // the array, and then remove the last element (sometimes called as 'swap and pop'). // This modifies the order of the array, as noted in {at}. uint256 toDeleteIndex = valueIndex - 1; uint256 lastIndex = set._values.length - 1; if (lastIndex != toDeleteIndex) { bytes32 lastValue = set._values[lastIndex]; // Move the last value to the index where the value to delete is set._values[toDeleteIndex] = lastValue; // Update the index for the moved value set._indexes[lastValue] = valueIndex; // Replace lastValue's index to valueIndex } // Delete the slot where the moved value was stored set._values.pop(); // Delete the index for the deleted slot delete set._indexes[value]; return true; } else { return false; } } /** * @dev Returns true if the value is in the set. O(1). */ function _contains(Set storage set, bytes32 value) private view returns (bool) { return set._indexes[value] != 0; } /** * @dev Returns the number of values on the set. O(1). */ function _length(Set storage set) private view returns (uint256) { return set._values.length; } /** * @dev Returns the value stored at position `index` in the set. O(1). * * Note that there are no guarantees on the ordering of values inside the * array, and it may change when more values are added or removed. * * Requirements: * * - `index` must be strictly less than {length}. */ function _at(Set storage set, uint256 index) private view returns (bytes32) { return set._values[index]; } /** * @dev Return the entire set in an array * * WARNING: This operation will copy the entire storage to memory, which can be quite expensive. This is designed * to mostly be used by view accessors that are queried without any gas fees. Developers should keep in mind that * this function has an unbounded cost, and using it as part of a state-changing function may render the function * uncallable if the set grows to a point where copying to memory consumes too much gas to fit in a block. */ function _values(Set storage set) private view returns (bytes32[] memory) { return set._values; } // Bytes32Set struct Bytes32Set { Set _inner; } /** * @dev Add a value to a set. O(1). * * Returns true if the value was added to the set, that is if it was not * already present. */ function add(Bytes32Set storage set, bytes32 value) internal returns (bool) { return _add(set._inner, value); } /** * @dev Removes a value from a set. O(1). * * Returns true if the value was removed from the set, that is if it was * present. */ function remove(Bytes32Set storage set, bytes32 value) internal returns (bool) { return _remove(set._inner, value); } /** * @dev Returns true if the value is in the set. O(1). */ function contains(Bytes32Set storage set, bytes32 value) internal view returns (bool) { return _contains(set._inner, value); } /** * @dev Returns the number of values in the set. O(1). */ function length(Bytes32Set storage set) internal view returns (uint256) { return _length(set._inner); } /** * @dev Returns the value stored at position `index` in the set. O(1). * * Note that there are no guarantees on the ordering of values inside the * array, and it may change when more values are added or removed. * * Requirements: * * - `index` must be strictly less than {length}. */ function at(Bytes32Set storage set, uint256 index) internal view returns (bytes32) { return _at(set._inner, index); } /** * @dev Return the entire set in an array * * WARNING: This operation will copy the entire storage to memory, which can be quite expensive. This is designed * to mostly be used by view accessors that are queried without any gas fees. Developers should keep in mind that * this function has an unbounded cost, and using it as part of a state-changing function may render the function * uncallable if the set grows to a point where copying to memory consumes too much gas to fit in a block. */ function values(Bytes32Set storage set) internal view returns (bytes32[] memory) { bytes32[] memory store = _values(set._inner); bytes32[] memory result; /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly assembly { result := store } return result; } // AddressSet struct AddressSet { Set _inner; } /** * @dev Add a value to a set. O(1). * * Returns true if the value was added to the set, that is if it was not * already present. */ function add(AddressSet storage set, address value) internal returns (bool) { return _add(set._inner, bytes32(uint256(uint160(value)))); } /** * @dev Removes a value from a set. O(1). * * Returns true if the value was removed from the set, that is if it was * present. */ function remove(AddressSet storage set, address value) internal returns (bool) { return _remove(set._inner, bytes32(uint256(uint160(value)))); } /** * @dev Returns true if the value is in the set. O(1). */ function contains(AddressSet storage set, address value) internal view returns (bool) { return _contains(set._inner, bytes32(uint256(uint160(value)))); } /** * @dev Returns the number of values in the set. O(1). */ function length(AddressSet storage set) internal view returns (uint256) { return _length(set._inner); } /** * @dev Returns the value stored at position `index` in the set. O(1). * * Note that there are no guarantees on the ordering of values inside the * array, and it may change when more values are added or removed. * * Requirements: * * - `index` must be strictly less than {length}. */ function at(AddressSet storage set, uint256 index) internal view returns (address) { return address(uint160(uint256(_at(set._inner, index)))); } /** * @dev Return the entire set in an array * * WARNING: This operation will copy the entire storage to memory, which can be quite expensive. This is designed * to mostly be used by view accessors that are queried without any gas fees. Developers should keep in mind that * this function has an unbounded cost, and using it as part of a state-changing function may render the function * uncallable if the set grows to a point where copying to memory consumes too much gas to fit in a block. */ function values(AddressSet storage set) internal view returns (address[] memory) { bytes32[] memory store = _values(set._inner); address[] memory result; /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly assembly { result := store } return result; } // UintSet struct UintSet { Set _inner; } /** * @dev Add a value to a set. O(1). * * Returns true if the value was added to the set, that is if it was not * already present. */ function add(UintSet storage set, uint256 value) internal returns (bool) { return _add(set._inner, bytes32(value)); } /** * @dev Removes a value from a set. O(1). * * Returns true if the value was removed from the set, that is if it was * present. */ function remove(UintSet storage set, uint256 value) internal returns (bool) { return _remove(set._inner, bytes32(value)); } /** * @dev Returns true if the value is in the set. O(1). */ function contains(UintSet storage set, uint256 value) internal view returns (bool) { return _contains(set._inner, bytes32(value)); } /** * @dev Returns the number of values in the set. O(1). */ function length(UintSet storage set) internal view returns (uint256) { return _length(set._inner); } /** * @dev Returns the value stored at position `index` in the set. O(1). * * Note that there are no guarantees on the ordering of values inside the * array, and it may change when more values are added or removed. * * Requirements: * * - `index` must be strictly less than {length}. */ function at(UintSet storage set, uint256 index) internal view returns (uint256) { return uint256(_at(set._inner, index)); } /** * @dev Return the entire set in an array * * WARNING: This operation will copy the entire storage to memory, which can be quite expensive. This is designed * to mostly be used by view accessors that are queried without any gas fees. Developers should keep in mind that * this function has an unbounded cost, and using it as part of a state-changing function may render the function * uncallable if the set grows to a point where copying to memory consumes too much gas to fit in a block. */ function values(UintSet storage set) internal view returns (uint256[] memory) { bytes32[] memory store = _values(set._inner); uint256[] memory result; /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly assembly { result := store } return result; } }
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT pragma solidity >=0.8.19; import "./Errors.sol" as CastingErrors; import { MAX_UINT128, MAX_UINT40 } from "../Common.sol"; import { uMAX_SD1x18 } from "../sd1x18/Constants.sol"; import { SD1x18 } from "../sd1x18/ValueType.sol"; import { uMAX_SD59x18 } from "../sd59x18/Constants.sol"; import { SD59x18 } from "../sd59x18/ValueType.sol"; import { uMAX_UD2x18 } from "../ud2x18/Constants.sol"; import { UD2x18 } from "../ud2x18/ValueType.sol"; import { UD60x18 } from "./ValueType.sol"; /// @notice Casts a UD60x18 number into SD1x18. /// @dev Requirements: /// - x must be less than or equal to `uMAX_SD1x18`. function intoSD1x18(UD60x18 x) pure returns (SD1x18 result) { uint256 xUint = UD60x18.unwrap(x); if (xUint > uint256(int256(uMAX_SD1x18))) { revert CastingErrors.PRBMath_UD60x18_IntoSD1x18_Overflow(x); } result = SD1x18.wrap(int64(uint64(xUint))); } /// @notice Casts a UD60x18 number into UD2x18. /// @dev Requirements: /// - x must be less than or equal to `uMAX_UD2x18`. function intoUD2x18(UD60x18 x) pure returns (UD2x18 result) { uint256 xUint = UD60x18.unwrap(x); if (xUint > uMAX_UD2x18) { revert CastingErrors.PRBMath_UD60x18_IntoUD2x18_Overflow(x); } result = UD2x18.wrap(uint64(xUint)); } /// @notice Casts a UD60x18 number into SD59x18. /// @dev Requirements: /// - x must be less than or equal to `uMAX_SD59x18`. function intoSD59x18(UD60x18 x) pure returns (SD59x18 result) { uint256 xUint = UD60x18.unwrap(x); if (xUint > uint256(uMAX_SD59x18)) { revert CastingErrors.PRBMath_UD60x18_IntoSD59x18_Overflow(x); } result = SD59x18.wrap(int256(xUint)); } /// @notice Casts a UD60x18 number into uint128. /// @dev This is basically an alias for {unwrap}. function intoUint256(UD60x18 x) pure returns (uint256 result) { result = UD60x18.unwrap(x); } /// @notice Casts a UD60x18 number into uint128. /// @dev Requirements: /// - x must be less than or equal to `MAX_UINT128`. function intoUint128(UD60x18 x) pure returns (uint128 result) { uint256 xUint = UD60x18.unwrap(x); if (xUint > MAX_UINT128) { revert CastingErrors.PRBMath_UD60x18_IntoUint128_Overflow(x); } result = uint128(xUint); } /// @notice Casts a UD60x18 number into uint40. /// @dev Requirements: /// - x must be less than or equal to `MAX_UINT40`. function intoUint40(UD60x18 x) pure returns (uint40 result) { uint256 xUint = UD60x18.unwrap(x); if (xUint > MAX_UINT40) { revert CastingErrors.PRBMath_UD60x18_IntoUint40_Overflow(x); } result = uint40(xUint); } /// @notice Alias for {wrap}. function ud(uint256 x) pure returns (UD60x18 result) { result = UD60x18.wrap(x); } /// @notice Alias for {wrap}. function ud60x18(uint256 x) pure returns (UD60x18 result) { result = UD60x18.wrap(x); } /// @notice Unwraps a UD60x18 number into uint256. function unwrap(UD60x18 x) pure returns (uint256 result) { result = UD60x18.unwrap(x); } /// @notice Wraps a uint256 number into the UD60x18 value type. function wrap(uint256 x) pure returns (UD60x18 result) { result = UD60x18.wrap(x); }
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT pragma solidity >=0.8.19; import { UD60x18 } from "./ValueType.sol"; // NOTICE: the "u" prefix stands for "unwrapped". /// @dev Euler's number as a UD60x18 number. UD60x18 constant E = UD60x18.wrap(2_718281828459045235); /// @dev The maximum input permitted in {exp}. uint256 constant uEXP_MAX_INPUT = 133_084258667509499440; UD60x18 constant EXP_MAX_INPUT = UD60x18.wrap(uEXP_MAX_INPUT); /// @dev The maximum input permitted in {exp2}. uint256 constant uEXP2_MAX_INPUT = 192e18 - 1; UD60x18 constant EXP2_MAX_INPUT = UD60x18.wrap(uEXP2_MAX_INPUT); /// @dev Half the UNIT number. uint256 constant uHALF_UNIT = 0.5e18; UD60x18 constant HALF_UNIT = UD60x18.wrap(uHALF_UNIT); /// @dev $log_2(10)$ as a UD60x18 number. uint256 constant uLOG2_10 = 3_321928094887362347; UD60x18 constant LOG2_10 = UD60x18.wrap(uLOG2_10); /// @dev $log_2(e)$ as a UD60x18 number. uint256 constant uLOG2_E = 1_442695040888963407; UD60x18 constant LOG2_E = UD60x18.wrap(uLOG2_E); /// @dev The maximum value a UD60x18 number can have. uint256 constant uMAX_UD60x18 = 115792089237316195423570985008687907853269984665640564039457_584007913129639935; UD60x18 constant MAX_UD60x18 = UD60x18.wrap(uMAX_UD60x18); /// @dev The maximum whole value a UD60x18 number can have. uint256 constant uMAX_WHOLE_UD60x18 = 115792089237316195423570985008687907853269984665640564039457_000000000000000000; UD60x18 constant MAX_WHOLE_UD60x18 = UD60x18.wrap(uMAX_WHOLE_UD60x18); /// @dev PI as a UD60x18 number. UD60x18 constant PI = UD60x18.wrap(3_141592653589793238); /// @dev The unit number, which gives the decimal precision of UD60x18. uint256 constant uUNIT = 1e18; UD60x18 constant UNIT = UD60x18.wrap(uUNIT); /// @dev The unit number squared. uint256 constant uUNIT_SQUARED = 1e36; UD60x18 constant UNIT_SQUARED = UD60x18.wrap(uUNIT_SQUARED); /// @dev Zero as a UD60x18 number. UD60x18 constant ZERO = UD60x18.wrap(0);
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT pragma solidity >=0.8.19; import { uMAX_UD60x18, uUNIT } from "./Constants.sol"; import { PRBMath_UD60x18_Convert_Overflow } from "./Errors.sol"; import { UD60x18 } from "./ValueType.sol"; /// @notice Converts a UD60x18 number to a simple integer by dividing it by `UNIT`. /// @dev The result is rounded toward zero. /// @param x The UD60x18 number to convert. /// @return result The same number in basic integer form. function convert(UD60x18 x) pure returns (uint256 result) { result = UD60x18.unwrap(x) / uUNIT; } /// @notice Converts a simple integer to UD60x18 by multiplying it by `UNIT`. /// /// @dev Requirements: /// - x must be less than or equal to `MAX_UD60x18 / UNIT`. /// /// @param x The basic integer to convert. /// @param result The same number converted to UD60x18. function convert(uint256 x) pure returns (UD60x18 result) { if (x > uMAX_UD60x18 / uUNIT) { revert PRBMath_UD60x18_Convert_Overflow(x); } unchecked { result = UD60x18.wrap(x * uUNIT); } }
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT pragma solidity >=0.8.19; import { UD60x18 } from "./ValueType.sol"; /// @notice Thrown when ceiling a number overflows UD60x18. error PRBMath_UD60x18_Ceil_Overflow(UD60x18 x); /// @notice Thrown when converting a basic integer to the fixed-point format overflows UD60x18. error PRBMath_UD60x18_Convert_Overflow(uint256 x); /// @notice Thrown when taking the natural exponent of a base greater than 133_084258667509499441. error PRBMath_UD60x18_Exp_InputTooBig(UD60x18 x); /// @notice Thrown when taking the binary exponent of a base greater than 192e18. error PRBMath_UD60x18_Exp2_InputTooBig(UD60x18 x); /// @notice Thrown when taking the geometric mean of two numbers and multiplying them overflows UD60x18. error PRBMath_UD60x18_Gm_Overflow(UD60x18 x, UD60x18 y); /// @notice Thrown when trying to cast a UD60x18 number that doesn't fit in SD1x18. error PRBMath_UD60x18_IntoSD1x18_Overflow(UD60x18 x); /// @notice Thrown when trying to cast a UD60x18 number that doesn't fit in SD59x18. error PRBMath_UD60x18_IntoSD59x18_Overflow(UD60x18 x); /// @notice Thrown when trying to cast a UD60x18 number that doesn't fit in UD2x18. error PRBMath_UD60x18_IntoUD2x18_Overflow(UD60x18 x); /// @notice Thrown when trying to cast a UD60x18 number that doesn't fit in uint128. error PRBMath_UD60x18_IntoUint128_Overflow(UD60x18 x); /// @notice Thrown when trying to cast a UD60x18 number that doesn't fit in uint40. error PRBMath_UD60x18_IntoUint40_Overflow(UD60x18 x); /// @notice Thrown when taking the logarithm of a number less than 1. error PRBMath_UD60x18_Log_InputTooSmall(UD60x18 x); /// @notice Thrown when calculating the square root overflows UD60x18. error PRBMath_UD60x18_Sqrt_Overflow(UD60x18 x);
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT pragma solidity >=0.8.19; import { wrap } from "./Casting.sol"; import { UD60x18 } from "./ValueType.sol"; /// @notice Implements the checked addition operation (+) in the UD60x18 type. function add(UD60x18 x, UD60x18 y) pure returns (UD60x18 result) { result = wrap(x.unwrap() + y.unwrap()); } /// @notice Implements the AND (&) bitwise operation in the UD60x18 type. function and(UD60x18 x, uint256 bits) pure returns (UD60x18 result) { result = wrap(x.unwrap() & bits); } /// @notice Implements the AND (&) bitwise operation in the UD60x18 type. function and2(UD60x18 x, UD60x18 y) pure returns (UD60x18 result) { result = wrap(x.unwrap() & y.unwrap()); } /// @notice Implements the equal operation (==) in the UD60x18 type. function eq(UD60x18 x, UD60x18 y) pure returns (bool result) { result = x.unwrap() == y.unwrap(); } /// @notice Implements the greater than operation (>) in the UD60x18 type. function gt(UD60x18 x, UD60x18 y) pure returns (bool result) { result = x.unwrap() > y.unwrap(); } /// @notice Implements the greater than or equal to operation (>=) in the UD60x18 type. function gte(UD60x18 x, UD60x18 y) pure returns (bool result) { result = x.unwrap() >= y.unwrap(); } /// @notice Implements a zero comparison check function in the UD60x18 type. function isZero(UD60x18 x) pure returns (bool result) { // This wouldn't work if x could be negative. result = x.unwrap() == 0; } /// @notice Implements the left shift operation (<<) in the UD60x18 type. function lshift(UD60x18 x, uint256 bits) pure returns (UD60x18 result) { result = wrap(x.unwrap() << bits); } /// @notice Implements the lower than operation (<) in the UD60x18 type. function lt(UD60x18 x, UD60x18 y) pure returns (bool result) { result = x.unwrap() < y.unwrap(); } /// @notice Implements the lower than or equal to operation (<=) in the UD60x18 type. function lte(UD60x18 x, UD60x18 y) pure returns (bool result) { result = x.unwrap() <= y.unwrap(); } /// @notice Implements the checked modulo operation (%) in the UD60x18 type. function mod(UD60x18 x, UD60x18 y) pure returns (UD60x18 result) { result = wrap(x.unwrap() % y.unwrap()); } /// @notice Implements the not equal operation (!=) in the UD60x18 type. function neq(UD60x18 x, UD60x18 y) pure returns (bool result) { result = x.unwrap() != y.unwrap(); } /// @notice Implements the NOT (~) bitwise operation in the UD60x18 type. function not(UD60x18 x) pure returns (UD60x18 result) { result = wrap(~x.unwrap()); } /// @notice Implements the OR (|) bitwise operation in the UD60x18 type. function or(UD60x18 x, UD60x18 y) pure returns (UD60x18 result) { result = wrap(x.unwrap() | y.unwrap()); } /// @notice Implements the right shift operation (>>) in the UD60x18 type. function rshift(UD60x18 x, uint256 bits) pure returns (UD60x18 result) { result = wrap(x.unwrap() >> bits); } /// @notice Implements the checked subtraction operation (-) in the UD60x18 type. function sub(UD60x18 x, UD60x18 y) pure returns (UD60x18 result) { result = wrap(x.unwrap() - y.unwrap()); } /// @notice Implements the unchecked addition operation (+) in the UD60x18 type. function uncheckedAdd(UD60x18 x, UD60x18 y) pure returns (UD60x18 result) { unchecked { result = wrap(x.unwrap() + y.unwrap()); } } /// @notice Implements the unchecked subtraction operation (-) in the UD60x18 type. function uncheckedSub(UD60x18 x, UD60x18 y) pure returns (UD60x18 result) { unchecked { result = wrap(x.unwrap() - y.unwrap()); } } /// @notice Implements the XOR (^) bitwise operation in the UD60x18 type. function xor(UD60x18 x, UD60x18 y) pure returns (UD60x18 result) { result = wrap(x.unwrap() ^ y.unwrap()); }
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT pragma solidity >=0.8.19; import "../Common.sol" as Common; import "./Errors.sol" as Errors; import { wrap } from "./Casting.sol"; import { uEXP_MAX_INPUT, uEXP2_MAX_INPUT, uHALF_UNIT, uLOG2_10, uLOG2_E, uMAX_UD60x18, uMAX_WHOLE_UD60x18, UNIT, uUNIT, uUNIT_SQUARED, ZERO } from "./Constants.sol"; import { UD60x18 } from "./ValueType.sol"; /*////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// MATHEMATICAL FUNCTIONS //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////*/ /// @notice Calculates the arithmetic average of x and y using the following formula: /// /// $$ /// avg(x, y) = (x & y) + ((xUint ^ yUint) / 2) /// $$ /// /// In English, this is what this formula does: /// /// 1. AND x and y. /// 2. Calculate half of XOR x and y. /// 3. Add the two results together. /// /// This technique is known as SWAR, which stands for "SIMD within a register". You can read more about it here: /// https://devblogs.microsoft.com/oldnewthing/20220207-00/?p=106223 /// /// @dev Notes: /// - The result is rounded toward zero. /// /// @param x The first operand as a UD60x18 number. /// @param y The second operand as a UD60x18 number. /// @return result The arithmetic average as a UD60x18 number. /// @custom:smtchecker abstract-function-nondet function avg(UD60x18 x, UD60x18 y) pure returns (UD60x18 result) { uint256 xUint = x.unwrap(); uint256 yUint = y.unwrap(); unchecked { result = wrap((xUint & yUint) + ((xUint ^ yUint) >> 1)); } } /// @notice Yields the smallest whole number greater than or equal to x. /// /// @dev This is optimized for fractional value inputs, because for every whole value there are (1e18 - 1) fractional /// counterparts. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floor_and_ceiling_functions. /// /// Requirements: /// - x must be less than or equal to `MAX_WHOLE_UD60x18`. /// /// @param x The UD60x18 number to ceil. /// @param result The smallest whole number greater than or equal to x, as a UD60x18 number. /// @custom:smtchecker abstract-function-nondet function ceil(UD60x18 x) pure returns (UD60x18 result) { uint256 xUint = x.unwrap(); if (xUint > uMAX_WHOLE_UD60x18) { revert Errors.PRBMath_UD60x18_Ceil_Overflow(x); } assembly ("memory-safe") { // Equivalent to `x % UNIT`. let remainder := mod(x, uUNIT) // Equivalent to `UNIT - remainder`. let delta := sub(uUNIT, remainder) // Equivalent to `x + remainder > 0 ? delta : 0`. result := add(x, mul(delta, gt(remainder, 0))) } } /// @notice Divides two UD60x18 numbers, returning a new UD60x18 number. /// /// @dev Uses {Common.mulDiv} to enable overflow-safe multiplication and division. /// /// Notes: /// - Refer to the notes in {Common.mulDiv}. /// /// Requirements: /// - Refer to the requirements in {Common.mulDiv}. /// /// @param x The numerator as a UD60x18 number. /// @param y The denominator as a UD60x18 number. /// @param result The quotient as a UD60x18 number. /// @custom:smtchecker abstract-function-nondet function div(UD60x18 x, UD60x18 y) pure returns (UD60x18 result) { result = wrap(Common.mulDiv(x.unwrap(), uUNIT, y.unwrap())); } /// @notice Calculates the natural exponent of x using the following formula: /// /// $$ /// e^x = 2^{x * log_2{e}} /// $$ /// /// @dev Requirements: /// - x must be less than 133_084258667509499441. /// /// @param x The exponent as a UD60x18 number. /// @return result The result as a UD60x18 number. /// @custom:smtchecker abstract-function-nondet function exp(UD60x18 x) pure returns (UD60x18 result) { uint256 xUint = x.unwrap(); // This check prevents values greater than 192e18 from being passed to {exp2}. if (xUint > uEXP_MAX_INPUT) { revert Errors.PRBMath_UD60x18_Exp_InputTooBig(x); } unchecked { // Inline the fixed-point multiplication to save gas. uint256 doubleUnitProduct = xUint * uLOG2_E; result = exp2(wrap(doubleUnitProduct / uUNIT)); } } /// @notice Calculates the binary exponent of x using the binary fraction method. /// /// @dev See https://ethereum.stackexchange.com/q/79903/24693 /// /// Requirements: /// - x must be less than 192e18. /// - The result must fit in UD60x18. /// /// @param x The exponent as a UD60x18 number. /// @return result The result as a UD60x18 number. /// @custom:smtchecker abstract-function-nondet function exp2(UD60x18 x) pure returns (UD60x18 result) { uint256 xUint = x.unwrap(); // Numbers greater than or equal to 192e18 don't fit in the 192.64-bit format. if (xUint > uEXP2_MAX_INPUT) { revert Errors.PRBMath_UD60x18_Exp2_InputTooBig(x); } // Convert x to the 192.64-bit fixed-point format. uint256 x_192x64 = (xUint << 64) / uUNIT; // Pass x to the {Common.exp2} function, which uses the 192.64-bit fixed-point number representation. result = wrap(Common.exp2(x_192x64)); } /// @notice Yields the greatest whole number less than or equal to x. /// @dev Optimized for fractional value inputs, because every whole value has (1e18 - 1) fractional counterparts. /// See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floor_and_ceiling_functions. /// @param x The UD60x18 number to floor. /// @param result The greatest whole number less than or equal to x, as a UD60x18 number. /// @custom:smtchecker abstract-function-nondet function floor(UD60x18 x) pure returns (UD60x18 result) { assembly ("memory-safe") { // Equivalent to `x % UNIT`. let remainder := mod(x, uUNIT) // Equivalent to `x - remainder > 0 ? remainder : 0)`. result := sub(x, mul(remainder, gt(remainder, 0))) } } /// @notice Yields the excess beyond the floor of x using the odd function definition. /// @dev See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractional_part. /// @param x The UD60x18 number to get the fractional part of. /// @param result The fractional part of x as a UD60x18 number. /// @custom:smtchecker abstract-function-nondet function frac(UD60x18 x) pure returns (UD60x18 result) { assembly ("memory-safe") { result := mod(x, uUNIT) } } /// @notice Calculates the geometric mean of x and y, i.e. $\sqrt{x * y}$, rounding down. /// /// @dev Requirements: /// - x * y must fit in UD60x18. /// /// @param x The first operand as a UD60x18 number. /// @param y The second operand as a UD60x18 number. /// @return result The result as a UD60x18 number. /// @custom:smtchecker abstract-function-nondet function gm(UD60x18 x, UD60x18 y) pure returns (UD60x18 result) { uint256 xUint = x.unwrap(); uint256 yUint = y.unwrap(); if (xUint == 0 || yUint == 0) { return ZERO; } unchecked { // Checking for overflow this way is faster than letting Solidity do it. uint256 xyUint = xUint * yUint; if (xyUint / xUint != yUint) { revert Errors.PRBMath_UD60x18_Gm_Overflow(x, y); } // We don't need to multiply the result by `UNIT` here because the x*y product picked up a factor of `UNIT` // during multiplication. See the comments in {Common.sqrt}. result = wrap(Common.sqrt(xyUint)); } } /// @notice Calculates the inverse of x. /// /// @dev Notes: /// - The result is rounded toward zero. /// /// Requirements: /// - x must not be zero. /// /// @param x The UD60x18 number for which to calculate the inverse. /// @return result The inverse as a UD60x18 number. /// @custom:smtchecker abstract-function-nondet function inv(UD60x18 x) pure returns (UD60x18 result) { unchecked { result = wrap(uUNIT_SQUARED / x.unwrap()); } } /// @notice Calculates the natural logarithm of x using the following formula: /// /// $$ /// ln{x} = log_2{x} / log_2{e} /// $$ /// /// @dev Notes: /// - Refer to the notes in {log2}. /// - The precision isn't sufficiently fine-grained to return exactly `UNIT` when the input is `E`. /// /// Requirements: /// - Refer to the requirements in {log2}. /// /// @param x The UD60x18 number for which to calculate the natural logarithm. /// @return result The natural logarithm as a UD60x18 number. /// @custom:smtchecker abstract-function-nondet function ln(UD60x18 x) pure returns (UD60x18 result) { unchecked { // Inline the fixed-point multiplication to save gas. This is overflow-safe because the maximum value that // {log2} can return is ~196_205294292027477728. result = wrap(log2(x).unwrap() * uUNIT / uLOG2_E); } } /// @notice Calculates the common logarithm of x using the following formula: /// /// $$ /// log_{10}{x} = log_2{x} / log_2{10} /// $$ /// /// However, if x is an exact power of ten, a hard coded value is returned. /// /// @dev Notes: /// - Refer to the notes in {log2}. /// /// Requirements: /// - Refer to the requirements in {log2}. /// /// @param x The UD60x18 number for which to calculate the common logarithm. /// @return result The common logarithm as a UD60x18 number. /// @custom:smtchecker abstract-function-nondet function log10(UD60x18 x) pure returns (UD60x18 result) { uint256 xUint = x.unwrap(); if (xUint < uUNIT) { revert Errors.PRBMath_UD60x18_Log_InputTooSmall(x); } // Note that the `mul` in this assembly block is the standard multiplication operation, not {UD60x18.mul}. // prettier-ignore assembly ("memory-safe") { switch x case 1 { result := mul(uUNIT, sub(0, 18)) } case 10 { result := mul(uUNIT, sub(1, 18)) } case 100 { result := mul(uUNIT, sub(2, 18)) } case 1000 { result := mul(uUNIT, sub(3, 18)) } case 10000 { result := mul(uUNIT, sub(4, 18)) } case 100000 { result := mul(uUNIT, sub(5, 18)) } case 1000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, sub(6, 18)) } case 10000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, sub(7, 18)) } case 100000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, sub(8, 18)) } case 1000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, sub(9, 18)) } case 10000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, sub(10, 18)) } case 100000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, sub(11, 18)) } case 1000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, sub(12, 18)) } case 10000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, sub(13, 18)) } case 100000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, sub(14, 18)) } case 1000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, sub(15, 18)) } case 10000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, sub(16, 18)) } case 100000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, sub(17, 18)) } case 1000000000000000000 { result := 0 } case 10000000000000000000 { result := uUNIT } case 100000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 2) } case 1000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 3) } case 10000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 4) } case 100000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 5) } case 1000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 6) } case 10000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 7) } case 100000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 8) } case 1000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 9) } case 10000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 10) } case 100000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 11) } case 1000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 12) } case 10000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 13) } case 100000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 14) } case 1000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 15) } case 10000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 16) } case 100000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 17) } case 1000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 18) } case 10000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 19) } case 100000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 20) } case 1000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 21) } case 10000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 22) } case 100000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 23) } case 1000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 24) } case 10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 25) } case 100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 26) } case 1000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 27) } case 10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 28) } case 100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 29) } case 1000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 30) } case 10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 31) } case 100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 32) } case 1000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 33) } case 10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 34) } case 100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 35) } case 1000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 36) } case 10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 37) } case 100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 38) } case 1000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 39) } case 10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 40) } case 100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 41) } case 1000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 42) } case 10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 43) } case 100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 44) } case 1000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 45) } case 10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 46) } case 100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 47) } case 1000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 48) } case 10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 49) } case 100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 50) } case 1000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 51) } case 10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 52) } case 100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 53) } case 1000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 54) } case 10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 55) } case 100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 56) } case 1000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 57) } case 10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 58) } case 100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 59) } default { result := uMAX_UD60x18 } } if (result.unwrap() == uMAX_UD60x18) { unchecked { // Inline the fixed-point division to save gas. result = wrap(log2(x).unwrap() * uUNIT / uLOG2_10); } } } /// @notice Calculates the binary logarithm of x using the iterative approximation algorithm: /// /// $$ /// log_2{x} = n + log_2{y}, \text{ where } y = x*2^{-n}, \ y \in [1, 2) /// $$ /// /// For $0 \leq x \lt 1$, the input is inverted: /// /// $$ /// log_2{x} = -log_2{\frac{1}{x}} /// $$ /// /// @dev See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_logarithm#Iterative_approximation /// /// Notes: /// - Due to the lossy precision of the iterative approximation, the results are not perfectly accurate to the last decimal. /// /// Requirements: /// - x must be greater than zero. /// /// @param x The UD60x18 number for which to calculate the binary logarithm. /// @return result The binary logarithm as a UD60x18 number. /// @custom:smtchecker abstract-function-nondet function log2(UD60x18 x) pure returns (UD60x18 result) { uint256 xUint = x.unwrap(); if (xUint < uUNIT) { revert Errors.PRBMath_UD60x18_Log_InputTooSmall(x); } unchecked { // Calculate the integer part of the logarithm. uint256 n = Common.msb(xUint / uUNIT); // This is the integer part of the logarithm as a UD60x18 number. The operation can't overflow because n // n is at most 255 and UNIT is 1e18. uint256 resultUint = n * uUNIT; // Calculate $y = x * 2^{-n}$. uint256 y = xUint >> n; // If y is the unit number, the fractional part is zero. if (y == uUNIT) { return wrap(resultUint); } // Calculate the fractional part via the iterative approximation. // The `delta >>= 1` part is equivalent to `delta /= 2`, but shifting bits is more gas efficient. uint256 DOUBLE_UNIT = 2e18; for (uint256 delta = uHALF_UNIT; delta > 0; delta >>= 1) { y = (y * y) / uUNIT; // Is y^2 >= 2e18 and so in the range [2e18, 4e18)? if (y >= DOUBLE_UNIT) { // Add the 2^{-m} factor to the logarithm. resultUint += delta; // Halve y, which corresponds to z/2 in the Wikipedia article. y >>= 1; } } result = wrap(resultUint); } } /// @notice Multiplies two UD60x18 numbers together, returning a new UD60x18 number. /// /// @dev Uses {Common.mulDiv} to enable overflow-safe multiplication and division. /// /// Notes: /// - Refer to the notes in {Common.mulDiv}. /// /// Requirements: /// - Refer to the requirements in {Common.mulDiv}. /// /// @dev See the documentation in {Common.mulDiv18}. /// @param x The multiplicand as a UD60x18 number. /// @param y The multiplier as a UD60x18 number. /// @return result The product as a UD60x18 number. /// @custom:smtchecker abstract-function-nondet function mul(UD60x18 x, UD60x18 y) pure returns (UD60x18 result) { result = wrap(Common.mulDiv18(x.unwrap(), y.unwrap())); } /// @notice Raises x to the power of y. /// /// For $1 \leq x \leq \infty$, the following standard formula is used: /// /// $$ /// x^y = 2^{log_2{x} * y} /// $$ /// /// For $0 \leq x \lt 1$, since the unsigned {log2} is undefined, an equivalent formula is used: /// /// $$ /// i = \frac{1}{x} /// w = 2^{log_2{i} * y} /// x^y = \frac{1}{w} /// $$ /// /// @dev Notes: /// - Refer to the notes in {log2} and {mul}. /// - Returns `UNIT` for 0^0. /// - It may not perform well with very small values of x. Consider using SD59x18 as an alternative. /// /// Requirements: /// - Refer to the requirements in {exp2}, {log2}, and {mul}. /// /// @param x The base as a UD60x18 number. /// @param y The exponent as a UD60x18 number. /// @return result The result as a UD60x18 number. /// @custom:smtchecker abstract-function-nondet function pow(UD60x18 x, UD60x18 y) pure returns (UD60x18 result) { uint256 xUint = x.unwrap(); uint256 yUint = y.unwrap(); // If both x and y are zero, the result is `UNIT`. If just x is zero, the result is always zero. if (xUint == 0) { return yUint == 0 ? UNIT : ZERO; } // If x is `UNIT`, the result is always `UNIT`. else if (xUint == uUNIT) { return UNIT; } // If y is zero, the result is always `UNIT`. if (yUint == 0) { return UNIT; } // If y is `UNIT`, the result is always x. else if (yUint == uUNIT) { return x; } // If x is greater than `UNIT`, use the standard formula. if (xUint > uUNIT) { result = exp2(mul(log2(x), y)); } // Conversely, if x is less than `UNIT`, use the equivalent formula. else { UD60x18 i = wrap(uUNIT_SQUARED / xUint); UD60x18 w = exp2(mul(log2(i), y)); result = wrap(uUNIT_SQUARED / w.unwrap()); } } /// @notice Raises x (a UD60x18 number) to the power y (an unsigned basic integer) using the well-known /// algorithm "exponentiation by squaring". /// /// @dev See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exponentiation_by_squaring. /// /// Notes: /// - Refer to the notes in {Common.mulDiv18}. /// - Returns `UNIT` for 0^0. /// /// Requirements: /// - The result must fit in UD60x18. /// /// @param x The base as a UD60x18 number. /// @param y The exponent as a uint256. /// @return result The result as a UD60x18 number. /// @custom:smtchecker abstract-function-nondet function powu(UD60x18 x, uint256 y) pure returns (UD60x18 result) { // Calculate the first iteration of the loop in advance. uint256 xUint = x.unwrap(); uint256 resultUint = y & 1 > 0 ? xUint : uUNIT; // Equivalent to `for(y /= 2; y > 0; y /= 2)`. for (y >>= 1; y > 0; y >>= 1) { xUint = Common.mulDiv18(xUint, xUint); // Equivalent to `y % 2 == 1`. if (y & 1 > 0) { resultUint = Common.mulDiv18(resultUint, xUint); } } result = wrap(resultUint); } /// @notice Calculates the square root of x using the Babylonian method. /// /// @dev See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methods_of_computing_square_roots#Babylonian_method. /// /// Notes: /// - The result is rounded toward zero. /// /// Requirements: /// - x must be less than `MAX_UD60x18 / UNIT`. /// /// @param x The UD60x18 number for which to calculate the square root. /// @return result The result as a UD60x18 number. /// @custom:smtchecker abstract-function-nondet function sqrt(UD60x18 x) pure returns (UD60x18 result) { uint256 xUint = x.unwrap(); unchecked { if (xUint > uMAX_UD60x18 / uUNIT) { revert Errors.PRBMath_UD60x18_Sqrt_Overflow(x); } // Multiply x by `UNIT` to account for the factor of `UNIT` picked up when multiplying two UD60x18 numbers. // In this case, the two numbers are both the square root. result = wrap(Common.sqrt(xUint * uUNIT)); } }
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT pragma solidity >=0.8.19; import "./Casting.sol" as Casting; import "./Helpers.sol" as Helpers; import "./Math.sol" as Math; /// @notice The unsigned 60.18-decimal fixed-point number representation, which can have up to 60 digits and up to 18 /// decimals. The values of this are bound by the minimum and the maximum values permitted by the Solidity type uint256. /// @dev The value type is defined here so it can be imported in all other files. type UD60x18 is uint256; /*////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// CASTING //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////*/ using { Casting.intoSD1x18, Casting.intoUD2x18, Casting.intoSD59x18, Casting.intoUint128, Casting.intoUint256, Casting.intoUint40, Casting.unwrap } for UD60x18 global; /*////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// MATHEMATICAL FUNCTIONS //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////*/ // The global "using for" directive makes the functions in this library callable on the UD60x18 type. using { Math.avg, Math.ceil, Math.div, Math.exp, Math.exp2, Math.floor, Math.frac, Math.gm, Math.inv, Math.ln, Math.log10, Math.log2, Math.mul, Math.pow, Math.powu, Math.sqrt } for UD60x18 global; /*////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// HELPER FUNCTIONS //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////*/ // The global "using for" directive makes the functions in this library callable on the UD60x18 type. using { Helpers.add, Helpers.and, Helpers.eq, Helpers.gt, Helpers.gte, Helpers.isZero, Helpers.lshift, Helpers.lt, Helpers.lte, Helpers.mod, Helpers.neq, Helpers.not, Helpers.or, Helpers.rshift, Helpers.sub, Helpers.uncheckedAdd, Helpers.uncheckedSub, Helpers.xor } for UD60x18 global; /*////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// OPERATORS //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////*/ // The global "using for" directive makes it possible to use these operators on the UD60x18 type. using { Helpers.add as +, Helpers.and2 as &, Math.div as /, Helpers.eq as ==, Helpers.gt as >, Helpers.gte as >=, Helpers.lt as <, Helpers.lte as <=, Helpers.or as |, Helpers.mod as %, Math.mul as *, Helpers.neq as !=, Helpers.not as ~, Helpers.sub as -, Helpers.xor as ^ } for UD60x18 global;
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT pragma solidity >=0.8.19; import "./Errors.sol" as CastingErrors; import { MAX_UINT128, MAX_UINT40 } from "../Common.sol"; import { uMAX_SD1x18, uMIN_SD1x18 } from "../sd1x18/Constants.sol"; import { SD1x18 } from "../sd1x18/ValueType.sol"; import { uMAX_UD2x18 } from "../ud2x18/Constants.sol"; import { UD2x18 } from "../ud2x18/ValueType.sol"; import { UD60x18 } from "../ud60x18/ValueType.sol"; import { SD59x18 } from "./ValueType.sol"; /// @notice Casts an SD59x18 number into int256. /// @dev This is basically a functional alias for {unwrap}. function intoInt256(SD59x18 x) pure returns (int256 result) { result = SD59x18.unwrap(x); } /// @notice Casts an SD59x18 number into SD1x18. /// @dev Requirements: /// - x must be greater than or equal to `uMIN_SD1x18`. /// - x must be less than or equal to `uMAX_SD1x18`. function intoSD1x18(SD59x18 x) pure returns (SD1x18 result) { int256 xInt = SD59x18.unwrap(x); if (xInt < uMIN_SD1x18) { revert CastingErrors.PRBMath_SD59x18_IntoSD1x18_Underflow(x); } if (xInt > uMAX_SD1x18) { revert CastingErrors.PRBMath_SD59x18_IntoSD1x18_Overflow(x); } result = SD1x18.wrap(int64(xInt)); } /// @notice Casts an SD59x18 number into UD2x18. /// @dev Requirements: /// - x must be positive. /// - x must be less than or equal to `uMAX_UD2x18`. function intoUD2x18(SD59x18 x) pure returns (UD2x18 result) { int256 xInt = SD59x18.unwrap(x); if (xInt < 0) { revert CastingErrors.PRBMath_SD59x18_IntoUD2x18_Underflow(x); } if (xInt > int256(uint256(uMAX_UD2x18))) { revert CastingErrors.PRBMath_SD59x18_IntoUD2x18_Overflow(x); } result = UD2x18.wrap(uint64(uint256(xInt))); } /// @notice Casts an SD59x18 number into UD60x18. /// @dev Requirements: /// - x must be positive. function intoUD60x18(SD59x18 x) pure returns (UD60x18 result) { int256 xInt = SD59x18.unwrap(x); if (xInt < 0) { revert CastingErrors.PRBMath_SD59x18_IntoUD60x18_Underflow(x); } result = UD60x18.wrap(uint256(xInt)); } /// @notice Casts an SD59x18 number into uint256. /// @dev Requirements: /// - x must be positive. function intoUint256(SD59x18 x) pure returns (uint256 result) { int256 xInt = SD59x18.unwrap(x); if (xInt < 0) { revert CastingErrors.PRBMath_SD59x18_IntoUint256_Underflow(x); } result = uint256(xInt); } /// @notice Casts an SD59x18 number into uint128. /// @dev Requirements: /// - x must be positive. /// - x must be less than or equal to `uMAX_UINT128`. function intoUint128(SD59x18 x) pure returns (uint128 result) { int256 xInt = SD59x18.unwrap(x); if (xInt < 0) { revert CastingErrors.PRBMath_SD59x18_IntoUint128_Underflow(x); } if (xInt > int256(uint256(MAX_UINT128))) { revert CastingErrors.PRBMath_SD59x18_IntoUint128_Overflow(x); } result = uint128(uint256(xInt)); } /// @notice Casts an SD59x18 number into uint40. /// @dev Requirements: /// - x must be positive. /// - x must be less than or equal to `MAX_UINT40`. function intoUint40(SD59x18 x) pure returns (uint40 result) { int256 xInt = SD59x18.unwrap(x); if (xInt < 0) { revert CastingErrors.PRBMath_SD59x18_IntoUint40_Underflow(x); } if (xInt > int256(uint256(MAX_UINT40))) { revert CastingErrors.PRBMath_SD59x18_IntoUint40_Overflow(x); } result = uint40(uint256(xInt)); } /// @notice Alias for {wrap}. function sd(int256 x) pure returns (SD59x18 result) { result = SD59x18.wrap(x); } /// @notice Alias for {wrap}. function sd59x18(int256 x) pure returns (SD59x18 result) { result = SD59x18.wrap(x); } /// @notice Unwraps an SD59x18 number into int256. function unwrap(SD59x18 x) pure returns (int256 result) { result = SD59x18.unwrap(x); } /// @notice Wraps an int256 number into SD59x18. function wrap(int256 x) pure returns (SD59x18 result) { result = SD59x18.wrap(x); }
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT pragma solidity >=0.8.19; import { SD59x18 } from "./ValueType.sol"; // NOTICE: the "u" prefix stands for "unwrapped". /// @dev Euler's number as an SD59x18 number. SD59x18 constant E = SD59x18.wrap(2_718281828459045235); /// @dev The maximum input permitted in {exp}. int256 constant uEXP_MAX_INPUT = 133_084258667509499440; SD59x18 constant EXP_MAX_INPUT = SD59x18.wrap(uEXP_MAX_INPUT); /// @dev The maximum input permitted in {exp2}. int256 constant uEXP2_MAX_INPUT = 192e18 - 1; SD59x18 constant EXP2_MAX_INPUT = SD59x18.wrap(uEXP2_MAX_INPUT); /// @dev Half the UNIT number. int256 constant uHALF_UNIT = 0.5e18; SD59x18 constant HALF_UNIT = SD59x18.wrap(uHALF_UNIT); /// @dev $log_2(10)$ as an SD59x18 number. int256 constant uLOG2_10 = 3_321928094887362347; SD59x18 constant LOG2_10 = SD59x18.wrap(uLOG2_10); /// @dev $log_2(e)$ as an SD59x18 number. int256 constant uLOG2_E = 1_442695040888963407; SD59x18 constant LOG2_E = SD59x18.wrap(uLOG2_E); /// @dev The maximum value an SD59x18 number can have. int256 constant uMAX_SD59x18 = 57896044618658097711785492504343953926634992332820282019728_792003956564819967; SD59x18 constant MAX_SD59x18 = SD59x18.wrap(uMAX_SD59x18); /// @dev The maximum whole value an SD59x18 number can have. int256 constant uMAX_WHOLE_SD59x18 = 57896044618658097711785492504343953926634992332820282019728_000000000000000000; SD59x18 constant MAX_WHOLE_SD59x18 = SD59x18.wrap(uMAX_WHOLE_SD59x18); /// @dev The minimum value an SD59x18 number can have. int256 constant uMIN_SD59x18 = -57896044618658097711785492504343953926634992332820282019728_792003956564819968; SD59x18 constant MIN_SD59x18 = SD59x18.wrap(uMIN_SD59x18); /// @dev The minimum whole value an SD59x18 number can have. int256 constant uMIN_WHOLE_SD59x18 = -57896044618658097711785492504343953926634992332820282019728_000000000000000000; SD59x18 constant MIN_WHOLE_SD59x18 = SD59x18.wrap(uMIN_WHOLE_SD59x18); /// @dev PI as an SD59x18 number. SD59x18 constant PI = SD59x18.wrap(3_141592653589793238); /// @dev The unit number, which gives the decimal precision of SD59x18. int256 constant uUNIT = 1e18; SD59x18 constant UNIT = SD59x18.wrap(1e18); /// @dev The unit number squared. int256 constant uUNIT_SQUARED = 1e36; SD59x18 constant UNIT_SQUARED = SD59x18.wrap(uUNIT_SQUARED); /// @dev Zero as an SD59x18 number. SD59x18 constant ZERO = SD59x18.wrap(0);
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT pragma solidity >=0.8.19; import { uMAX_SD59x18, uMIN_SD59x18, uUNIT } from "./Constants.sol"; import { PRBMath_SD59x18_Convert_Overflow, PRBMath_SD59x18_Convert_Underflow } from "./Errors.sol"; import { SD59x18 } from "./ValueType.sol"; /// @notice Converts a simple integer to SD59x18 by multiplying it by `UNIT`. /// /// @dev Requirements: /// - x must be greater than or equal to `MIN_SD59x18 / UNIT`. /// - x must be less than or equal to `MAX_SD59x18 / UNIT`. /// /// @param x The basic integer to convert. /// @param result The same number converted to SD59x18. function convert(int256 x) pure returns (SD59x18 result) { if (x < uMIN_SD59x18 / uUNIT) { revert PRBMath_SD59x18_Convert_Underflow(x); } if (x > uMAX_SD59x18 / uUNIT) { revert PRBMath_SD59x18_Convert_Overflow(x); } unchecked { result = SD59x18.wrap(x * uUNIT); } } /// @notice Converts an SD59x18 number to a simple integer by dividing it by `UNIT`. /// @dev The result is rounded toward zero. /// @param x The SD59x18 number to convert. /// @return result The same number as a simple integer. function convert(SD59x18 x) pure returns (int256 result) { result = SD59x18.unwrap(x) / uUNIT; }
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT pragma solidity >=0.8.19; import { SD59x18 } from "./ValueType.sol"; /// @notice Thrown when taking the absolute value of `MIN_SD59x18`. error PRBMath_SD59x18_Abs_MinSD59x18(); /// @notice Thrown when ceiling a number overflows SD59x18. error PRBMath_SD59x18_Ceil_Overflow(SD59x18 x); /// @notice Thrown when converting a basic integer to the fixed-point format overflows SD59x18. error PRBMath_SD59x18_Convert_Overflow(int256 x); /// @notice Thrown when converting a basic integer to the fixed-point format underflows SD59x18. error PRBMath_SD59x18_Convert_Underflow(int256 x); /// @notice Thrown when dividing two numbers and one of them is `MIN_SD59x18`. error PRBMath_SD59x18_Div_InputTooSmall(); /// @notice Thrown when dividing two numbers and one of the intermediary unsigned results overflows SD59x18. error PRBMath_SD59x18_Div_Overflow(SD59x18 x, SD59x18 y); /// @notice Thrown when taking the natural exponent of a base greater than 133_084258667509499441. error PRBMath_SD59x18_Exp_InputTooBig(SD59x18 x); /// @notice Thrown when taking the binary exponent of a base greater than 192e18. error PRBMath_SD59x18_Exp2_InputTooBig(SD59x18 x); /// @notice Thrown when flooring a number underflows SD59x18. error PRBMath_SD59x18_Floor_Underflow(SD59x18 x); /// @notice Thrown when taking the geometric mean of two numbers and their product is negative. error PRBMath_SD59x18_Gm_NegativeProduct(SD59x18 x, SD59x18 y); /// @notice Thrown when taking the geometric mean of two numbers and multiplying them overflows SD59x18. error PRBMath_SD59x18_Gm_Overflow(SD59x18 x, SD59x18 y); /// @notice Thrown when trying to cast a UD60x18 number that doesn't fit in SD1x18. error PRBMath_SD59x18_IntoSD1x18_Overflow(SD59x18 x); /// @notice Thrown when trying to cast a UD60x18 number that doesn't fit in SD1x18. error PRBMath_SD59x18_IntoSD1x18_Underflow(SD59x18 x); /// @notice Thrown when trying to cast a UD60x18 number that doesn't fit in UD2x18. error PRBMath_SD59x18_IntoUD2x18_Overflow(SD59x18 x); /// @notice Thrown when trying to cast a UD60x18 number that doesn't fit in UD2x18. error PRBMath_SD59x18_IntoUD2x18_Underflow(SD59x18 x); /// @notice Thrown when trying to cast a UD60x18 number that doesn't fit in UD60x18. error PRBMath_SD59x18_IntoUD60x18_Underflow(SD59x18 x); /// @notice Thrown when trying to cast a UD60x18 number that doesn't fit in uint128. error PRBMath_SD59x18_IntoUint128_Overflow(SD59x18 x); /// @notice Thrown when trying to cast a UD60x18 number that doesn't fit in uint128. error PRBMath_SD59x18_IntoUint128_Underflow(SD59x18 x); /// @notice Thrown when trying to cast a UD60x18 number that doesn't fit in uint256. error PRBMath_SD59x18_IntoUint256_Underflow(SD59x18 x); /// @notice Thrown when trying to cast a UD60x18 number that doesn't fit in uint40. error PRBMath_SD59x18_IntoUint40_Overflow(SD59x18 x); /// @notice Thrown when trying to cast a UD60x18 number that doesn't fit in uint40. error PRBMath_SD59x18_IntoUint40_Underflow(SD59x18 x); /// @notice Thrown when taking the logarithm of a number less than or equal to zero. error PRBMath_SD59x18_Log_InputTooSmall(SD59x18 x); /// @notice Thrown when multiplying two numbers and one of the inputs is `MIN_SD59x18`. error PRBMath_SD59x18_Mul_InputTooSmall(); /// @notice Thrown when multiplying two numbers and the intermediary absolute result overflows SD59x18. error PRBMath_SD59x18_Mul_Overflow(SD59x18 x, SD59x18 y); /// @notice Thrown when raising a number to a power and the intermediary absolute result overflows SD59x18. error PRBMath_SD59x18_Powu_Overflow(SD59x18 x, uint256 y); /// @notice Thrown when taking the square root of a negative number. error PRBMath_SD59x18_Sqrt_NegativeInput(SD59x18 x); /// @notice Thrown when the calculating the square root overflows SD59x18. error PRBMath_SD59x18_Sqrt_Overflow(SD59x18 x);
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT pragma solidity >=0.8.19; import { wrap } from "./Casting.sol"; import { SD59x18 } from "./ValueType.sol"; /// @notice Implements the checked addition operation (+) in the SD59x18 type. function add(SD59x18 x, SD59x18 y) pure returns (SD59x18 result) { return wrap(x.unwrap() + y.unwrap()); } /// @notice Implements the AND (&) bitwise operation in the SD59x18 type. function and(SD59x18 x, int256 bits) pure returns (SD59x18 result) { return wrap(x.unwrap() & bits); } /// @notice Implements the AND (&) bitwise operation in the SD59x18 type. function and2(SD59x18 x, SD59x18 y) pure returns (SD59x18 result) { return wrap(x.unwrap() & y.unwrap()); } /// @notice Implements the equal (=) operation in the SD59x18 type. function eq(SD59x18 x, SD59x18 y) pure returns (bool result) { result = x.unwrap() == y.unwrap(); } /// @notice Implements the greater than operation (>) in the SD59x18 type. function gt(SD59x18 x, SD59x18 y) pure returns (bool result) { result = x.unwrap() > y.unwrap(); } /// @notice Implements the greater than or equal to operation (>=) in the SD59x18 type. function gte(SD59x18 x, SD59x18 y) pure returns (bool result) { result = x.unwrap() >= y.unwrap(); } /// @notice Implements a zero comparison check function in the SD59x18 type. function isZero(SD59x18 x) pure returns (bool result) { result = x.unwrap() == 0; } /// @notice Implements the left shift operation (<<) in the SD59x18 type. function lshift(SD59x18 x, uint256 bits) pure returns (SD59x18 result) { result = wrap(x.unwrap() << bits); } /// @notice Implements the lower than operation (<) in the SD59x18 type. function lt(SD59x18 x, SD59x18 y) pure returns (bool result) { result = x.unwrap() < y.unwrap(); } /// @notice Implements the lower than or equal to operation (<=) in the SD59x18 type. function lte(SD59x18 x, SD59x18 y) pure returns (bool result) { result = x.unwrap() <= y.unwrap(); } /// @notice Implements the unchecked modulo operation (%) in the SD59x18 type. function mod(SD59x18 x, SD59x18 y) pure returns (SD59x18 result) { result = wrap(x.unwrap() % y.unwrap()); } /// @notice Implements the not equal operation (!=) in the SD59x18 type. function neq(SD59x18 x, SD59x18 y) pure returns (bool result) { result = x.unwrap() != y.unwrap(); } /// @notice Implements the NOT (~) bitwise operation in the SD59x18 type. function not(SD59x18 x) pure returns (SD59x18 result) { result = wrap(~x.unwrap()); } /// @notice Implements the OR (|) bitwise operation in the SD59x18 type. function or(SD59x18 x, SD59x18 y) pure returns (SD59x18 result) { result = wrap(x.unwrap() | y.unwrap()); } /// @notice Implements the right shift operation (>>) in the SD59x18 type. function rshift(SD59x18 x, uint256 bits) pure returns (SD59x18 result) { result = wrap(x.unwrap() >> bits); } /// @notice Implements the checked subtraction operation (-) in the SD59x18 type. function sub(SD59x18 x, SD59x18 y) pure returns (SD59x18 result) { result = wrap(x.unwrap() - y.unwrap()); } /// @notice Implements the checked unary minus operation (-) in the SD59x18 type. function unary(SD59x18 x) pure returns (SD59x18 result) { result = wrap(-x.unwrap()); } /// @notice Implements the unchecked addition operation (+) in the SD59x18 type. function uncheckedAdd(SD59x18 x, SD59x18 y) pure returns (SD59x18 result) { unchecked { result = wrap(x.unwrap() + y.unwrap()); } } /// @notice Implements the unchecked subtraction operation (-) in the SD59x18 type. function uncheckedSub(SD59x18 x, SD59x18 y) pure returns (SD59x18 result) { unchecked { result = wrap(x.unwrap() - y.unwrap()); } } /// @notice Implements the unchecked unary minus operation (-) in the SD59x18 type. function uncheckedUnary(SD59x18 x) pure returns (SD59x18 result) { unchecked { result = wrap(-x.unwrap()); } } /// @notice Implements the XOR (^) bitwise operation in the SD59x18 type. function xor(SD59x18 x, SD59x18 y) pure returns (SD59x18 result) { result = wrap(x.unwrap() ^ y.unwrap()); }
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT pragma solidity >=0.8.19; import "../Common.sol" as Common; import "./Errors.sol" as Errors; import { uEXP_MAX_INPUT, uEXP2_MAX_INPUT, uHALF_UNIT, uLOG2_10, uLOG2_E, uMAX_SD59x18, uMAX_WHOLE_SD59x18, uMIN_SD59x18, uMIN_WHOLE_SD59x18, UNIT, uUNIT, uUNIT_SQUARED, ZERO } from "./Constants.sol"; import { wrap } from "./Helpers.sol"; import { SD59x18 } from "./ValueType.sol"; /// @notice Calculates the absolute value of x. /// /// @dev Requirements: /// - x must be greater than `MIN_SD59x18`. /// /// @param x The SD59x18 number for which to calculate the absolute value. /// @param result The absolute value of x as an SD59x18 number. /// @custom:smtchecker abstract-function-nondet function abs(SD59x18 x) pure returns (SD59x18 result) { int256 xInt = x.unwrap(); if (xInt == uMIN_SD59x18) { revert Errors.PRBMath_SD59x18_Abs_MinSD59x18(); } result = xInt < 0 ? wrap(-xInt) : x; } /// @notice Calculates the arithmetic average of x and y. /// /// @dev Notes: /// - The result is rounded toward zero. /// /// @param x The first operand as an SD59x18 number. /// @param y The second operand as an SD59x18 number. /// @return result The arithmetic average as an SD59x18 number. /// @custom:smtchecker abstract-function-nondet function avg(SD59x18 x, SD59x18 y) pure returns (SD59x18 result) { int256 xInt = x.unwrap(); int256 yInt = y.unwrap(); unchecked { // This operation is equivalent to `x / 2 + y / 2`, and it can never overflow. int256 sum = (xInt >> 1) + (yInt >> 1); if (sum < 0) { // If at least one of x and y is odd, add 1 to the result, because shifting negative numbers to the right // rounds toward negative infinity. The right part is equivalent to `sum + (x % 2 == 1 || y % 2 == 1)`. assembly ("memory-safe") { result := add(sum, and(or(xInt, yInt), 1)) } } else { // Add 1 if both x and y are odd to account for the double 0.5 remainder truncated after shifting. result = wrap(sum + (xInt & yInt & 1)); } } } /// @notice Yields the smallest whole number greater than or equal to x. /// /// @dev Optimized for fractional value inputs, because every whole value has (1e18 - 1) fractional counterparts. /// See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floor_and_ceiling_functions. /// /// Requirements: /// - x must be less than or equal to `MAX_WHOLE_SD59x18`. /// /// @param x The SD59x18 number to ceil. /// @param result The smallest whole number greater than or equal to x, as an SD59x18 number. /// @custom:smtchecker abstract-function-nondet function ceil(SD59x18 x) pure returns (SD59x18 result) { int256 xInt = x.unwrap(); if (xInt > uMAX_WHOLE_SD59x18) { revert Errors.PRBMath_SD59x18_Ceil_Overflow(x); } int256 remainder = xInt % uUNIT; if (remainder == 0) { result = x; } else { unchecked { // Solidity uses C fmod style, which returns a modulus with the same sign as x. int256 resultInt = xInt - remainder; if (xInt > 0) { resultInt += uUNIT; } result = wrap(resultInt); } } } /// @notice Divides two SD59x18 numbers, returning a new SD59x18 number. /// /// @dev This is an extension of {Common.mulDiv} for signed numbers, which works by computing the signs and the absolute /// values separately. /// /// Notes: /// - Refer to the notes in {Common.mulDiv}. /// - The result is rounded toward zero. /// /// Requirements: /// - Refer to the requirements in {Common.mulDiv}. /// - None of the inputs can be `MIN_SD59x18`. /// - The denominator must not be zero. /// - The result must fit in SD59x18. /// /// @param x The numerator as an SD59x18 number. /// @param y The denominator as an SD59x18 number. /// @param result The quotient as an SD59x18 number. /// @custom:smtchecker abstract-function-nondet function div(SD59x18 x, SD59x18 y) pure returns (SD59x18 result) { int256 xInt = x.unwrap(); int256 yInt = y.unwrap(); if (xInt == uMIN_SD59x18 || yInt == uMIN_SD59x18) { revert Errors.PRBMath_SD59x18_Div_InputTooSmall(); } // Get hold of the absolute values of x and y. uint256 xAbs; uint256 yAbs; unchecked { xAbs = xInt < 0 ? uint256(-xInt) : uint256(xInt); yAbs = yInt < 0 ? uint256(-yInt) : uint256(yInt); } // Compute the absolute value (x*UNIT÷y). The resulting value must fit in SD59x18. uint256 resultAbs = Common.mulDiv(xAbs, uint256(uUNIT), yAbs); if (resultAbs > uint256(uMAX_SD59x18)) { revert Errors.PRBMath_SD59x18_Div_Overflow(x, y); } // Check if x and y have the same sign using two's complement representation. The left-most bit represents the sign (1 for // negative, 0 for positive or zero). bool sameSign = (xInt ^ yInt) > -1; // If the inputs have the same sign, the result should be positive. Otherwise, it should be negative. unchecked { result = wrap(sameSign ? int256(resultAbs) : -int256(resultAbs)); } } /// @notice Calculates the natural exponent of x using the following formula: /// /// $$ /// e^x = 2^{x * log_2{e}} /// $$ /// /// @dev Notes: /// - Refer to the notes in {exp2}. /// /// Requirements: /// - Refer to the requirements in {exp2}. /// - x must be less than 133_084258667509499441. /// /// @param x The exponent as an SD59x18 number. /// @return result The result as an SD59x18 number. /// @custom:smtchecker abstract-function-nondet function exp(SD59x18 x) pure returns (SD59x18 result) { int256 xInt = x.unwrap(); // This check prevents values greater than 192e18 from being passed to {exp2}. if (xInt > uEXP_MAX_INPUT) { revert Errors.PRBMath_SD59x18_Exp_InputTooBig(x); } unchecked { // Inline the fixed-point multiplication to save gas. int256 doubleUnitProduct = xInt * uLOG2_E; result = exp2(wrap(doubleUnitProduct / uUNIT)); } } /// @notice Calculates the binary exponent of x using the binary fraction method using the following formula: /// /// $$ /// 2^{-x} = \frac{1}{2^x} /// $$ /// /// @dev See https://ethereum.stackexchange.com/q/79903/24693. /// /// Notes: /// - If x is less than -59_794705707972522261, the result is zero. /// /// Requirements: /// - x must be less than 192e18. /// - The result must fit in SD59x18. /// /// @param x The exponent as an SD59x18 number. /// @return result The result as an SD59x18 number. /// @custom:smtchecker abstract-function-nondet function exp2(SD59x18 x) pure returns (SD59x18 result) { int256 xInt = x.unwrap(); if (xInt < 0) { // The inverse of any number less than this is truncated to zero. if (xInt < -59_794705707972522261) { return ZERO; } unchecked { // Inline the fixed-point inversion to save gas. result = wrap(uUNIT_SQUARED / exp2(wrap(-xInt)).unwrap()); } } else { // Numbers greater than or equal to 192e18 don't fit in the 192.64-bit format. if (xInt > uEXP2_MAX_INPUT) { revert Errors.PRBMath_SD59x18_Exp2_InputTooBig(x); } unchecked { // Convert x to the 192.64-bit fixed-point format. uint256 x_192x64 = uint256((xInt << 64) / uUNIT); // It is safe to cast the result to int256 due to the checks above. result = wrap(int256(Common.exp2(x_192x64))); } } } /// @notice Yields the greatest whole number less than or equal to x. /// /// @dev Optimized for fractional value inputs, because for every whole value there are (1e18 - 1) fractional /// counterparts. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floor_and_ceiling_functions. /// /// Requirements: /// - x must be greater than or equal to `MIN_WHOLE_SD59x18`. /// /// @param x The SD59x18 number to floor. /// @param result The greatest whole number less than or equal to x, as an SD59x18 number. /// @custom:smtchecker abstract-function-nondet function floor(SD59x18 x) pure returns (SD59x18 result) { int256 xInt = x.unwrap(); if (xInt < uMIN_WHOLE_SD59x18) { revert Errors.PRBMath_SD59x18_Floor_Underflow(x); } int256 remainder = xInt % uUNIT; if (remainder == 0) { result = x; } else { unchecked { // Solidity uses C fmod style, which returns a modulus with the same sign as x. int256 resultInt = xInt - remainder; if (xInt < 0) { resultInt -= uUNIT; } result = wrap(resultInt); } } } /// @notice Yields the excess beyond the floor of x for positive numbers and the part of the number to the right. /// of the radix point for negative numbers. /// @dev Based on the odd function definition. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractional_part /// @param x The SD59x18 number to get the fractional part of. /// @param result The fractional part of x as an SD59x18 number. function frac(SD59x18 x) pure returns (SD59x18 result) { result = wrap(x.unwrap() % uUNIT); } /// @notice Calculates the geometric mean of x and y, i.e. $\sqrt{x * y}$. /// /// @dev Notes: /// - The result is rounded toward zero. /// /// Requirements: /// - x * y must fit in SD59x18. /// - x * y must not be negative, since complex numbers are not supported. /// /// @param x The first operand as an SD59x18 number. /// @param y The second operand as an SD59x18 number. /// @return result The result as an SD59x18 number. /// @custom:smtchecker abstract-function-nondet function gm(SD59x18 x, SD59x18 y) pure returns (SD59x18 result) { int256 xInt = x.unwrap(); int256 yInt = y.unwrap(); if (xInt == 0 || yInt == 0) { return ZERO; } unchecked { // Equivalent to `xy / x != y`. Checking for overflow this way is faster than letting Solidity do it. int256 xyInt = xInt * yInt; if (xyInt / xInt != yInt) { revert Errors.PRBMath_SD59x18_Gm_Overflow(x, y); } // The product must not be negative, since complex numbers are not supported. if (xyInt < 0) { revert Errors.PRBMath_SD59x18_Gm_NegativeProduct(x, y); } // We don't need to multiply the result by `UNIT` here because the x*y product picked up a factor of `UNIT` // during multiplication. See the comments in {Common.sqrt}. uint256 resultUint = Common.sqrt(uint256(xyInt)); result = wrap(int256(resultUint)); } } /// @notice Calculates the inverse of x. /// /// @dev Notes: /// - The result is rounded toward zero. /// /// Requirements: /// - x must not be zero. /// /// @param x The SD59x18 number for which to calculate the inverse. /// @return result The inverse as an SD59x18 number. /// @custom:smtchecker abstract-function-nondet function inv(SD59x18 x) pure returns (SD59x18 result) { result = wrap(uUNIT_SQUARED / x.unwrap()); } /// @notice Calculates the natural logarithm of x using the following formula: /// /// $$ /// ln{x} = log_2{x} / log_2{e} /// $$ /// /// @dev Notes: /// - Refer to the notes in {log2}. /// - The precision isn't sufficiently fine-grained to return exactly `UNIT` when the input is `E`. /// /// Requirements: /// - Refer to the requirements in {log2}. /// /// @param x The SD59x18 number for which to calculate the natural logarithm. /// @return result The natural logarithm as an SD59x18 number. /// @custom:smtchecker abstract-function-nondet function ln(SD59x18 x) pure returns (SD59x18 result) { // Inline the fixed-point multiplication to save gas. This is overflow-safe because the maximum value that // {log2} can return is ~195_205294292027477728. result = wrap(log2(x).unwrap() * uUNIT / uLOG2_E); } /// @notice Calculates the common logarithm of x using the following formula: /// /// $$ /// log_{10}{x} = log_2{x} / log_2{10} /// $$ /// /// However, if x is an exact power of ten, a hard coded value is returned. /// /// @dev Notes: /// - Refer to the notes in {log2}. /// /// Requirements: /// - Refer to the requirements in {log2}. /// /// @param x The SD59x18 number for which to calculate the common logarithm. /// @return result The common logarithm as an SD59x18 number. /// @custom:smtchecker abstract-function-nondet function log10(SD59x18 x) pure returns (SD59x18 result) { int256 xInt = x.unwrap(); if (xInt < 0) { revert Errors.PRBMath_SD59x18_Log_InputTooSmall(x); } // Note that the `mul` in this block is the standard multiplication operation, not {SD59x18.mul}. // prettier-ignore assembly ("memory-safe") { switch x case 1 { result := mul(uUNIT, sub(0, 18)) } case 10 { result := mul(uUNIT, sub(1, 18)) } case 100 { result := mul(uUNIT, sub(2, 18)) } case 1000 { result := mul(uUNIT, sub(3, 18)) } case 10000 { result := mul(uUNIT, sub(4, 18)) } case 100000 { result := mul(uUNIT, sub(5, 18)) } case 1000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, sub(6, 18)) } case 10000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, sub(7, 18)) } case 100000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, sub(8, 18)) } case 1000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, sub(9, 18)) } case 10000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, sub(10, 18)) } case 100000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, sub(11, 18)) } case 1000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, sub(12, 18)) } case 10000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, sub(13, 18)) } case 100000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, sub(14, 18)) } case 1000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, sub(15, 18)) } case 10000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, sub(16, 18)) } case 100000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, sub(17, 18)) } case 1000000000000000000 { result := 0 } case 10000000000000000000 { result := uUNIT } case 100000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 2) } case 1000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 3) } case 10000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 4) } case 100000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 5) } case 1000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 6) } case 10000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 7) } case 100000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 8) } case 1000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 9) } case 10000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 10) } case 100000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 11) } case 1000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 12) } case 10000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 13) } case 100000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 14) } case 1000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 15) } case 10000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 16) } case 100000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 17) } case 1000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 18) } case 10000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 19) } case 100000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 20) } case 1000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 21) } case 10000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 22) } case 100000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 23) } case 1000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 24) } case 10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 25) } case 100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 26) } case 1000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 27) } case 10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 28) } case 100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 29) } case 1000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 30) } case 10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 31) } case 100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 32) } case 1000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 33) } case 10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 34) } case 100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 35) } case 1000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 36) } case 10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 37) } case 100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 38) } case 1000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 39) } case 10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 40) } case 100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 41) } case 1000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 42) } case 10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 43) } case 100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 44) } case 1000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 45) } case 10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 46) } case 100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 47) } case 1000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 48) } case 10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 49) } case 100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 50) } case 1000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 51) } case 10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 52) } case 100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 53) } case 1000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 54) } case 10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 55) } case 100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 56) } case 1000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 57) } case 10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 { result := mul(uUNIT, 58) } default { result := uMAX_SD59x18 } } if (result.unwrap() == uMAX_SD59x18) { unchecked { // Inline the fixed-point division to save gas. result = wrap(log2(x).unwrap() * uUNIT / uLOG2_10); } } } /// @notice Calculates the binary logarithm of x using the iterative approximation algorithm: /// /// $$ /// log_2{x} = n + log_2{y}, \text{ where } y = x*2^{-n}, \ y \in [1, 2) /// $$ /// /// For $0 \leq x \lt 1$, the input is inverted: /// /// $$ /// log_2{x} = -log_2{\frac{1}{x}} /// $$ /// /// @dev See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_logarithm#Iterative_approximation. /// /// Notes: /// - Due to the lossy precision of the iterative approximation, the results are not perfectly accurate to the last decimal. /// /// Requirements: /// - x must be greater than zero. /// /// @param x The SD59x18 number for which to calculate the binary logarithm. /// @return result The binary logarithm as an SD59x18 number. /// @custom:smtchecker abstract-function-nondet function log2(SD59x18 x) pure returns (SD59x18 result) { int256 xInt = x.unwrap(); if (xInt <= 0) { revert Errors.PRBMath_SD59x18_Log_InputTooSmall(x); } unchecked { int256 sign; if (xInt >= uUNIT) { sign = 1; } else { sign = -1; // Inline the fixed-point inversion to save gas. xInt = uUNIT_SQUARED / xInt; } // Calculate the integer part of the logarithm. uint256 n = Common.msb(uint256(xInt / uUNIT)); // This is the integer part of the logarithm as an SD59x18 number. The operation can't overflow // because n is at most 255, `UNIT` is 1e18, and the sign is either 1 or -1. int256 resultInt = int256(n) * uUNIT; // Calculate $y = x * 2^{-n}$. int256 y = xInt >> n; // If y is the unit number, the fractional part is zero. if (y == uUNIT) { return wrap(resultInt * sign); } // Calculate the fractional part via the iterative approximation. // The `delta >>= 1` part is equivalent to `delta /= 2`, but shifting bits is more gas efficient. int256 DOUBLE_UNIT = 2e18; for (int256 delta = uHALF_UNIT; delta > 0; delta >>= 1) { y = (y * y) / uUNIT; // Is y^2 >= 2e18 and so in the range [2e18, 4e18)? if (y >= DOUBLE_UNIT) { // Add the 2^{-m} factor to the logarithm. resultInt = resultInt + delta; // Halve y, which corresponds to z/2 in the Wikipedia article. y >>= 1; } } resultInt *= sign; result = wrap(resultInt); } } /// @notice Multiplies two SD59x18 numbers together, returning a new SD59x18 number. /// /// @dev Notes: /// - Refer to the notes in {Common.mulDiv18}. /// /// Requirements: /// - Refer to the requirements in {Common.mulDiv18}. /// - None of the inputs can be `MIN_SD59x18`. /// - The result must fit in SD59x18. /// /// @param x The multiplicand as an SD59x18 number. /// @param y The multiplier as an SD59x18 number. /// @return result The product as an SD59x18 number. /// @custom:smtchecker abstract-function-nondet function mul(SD59x18 x, SD59x18 y) pure returns (SD59x18 result) { int256 xInt = x.unwrap(); int256 yInt = y.unwrap(); if (xInt == uMIN_SD59x18 || yInt == uMIN_SD59x18) { revert Errors.PRBMath_SD59x18_Mul_InputTooSmall(); } // Get hold of the absolute values of x and y. uint256 xAbs; uint256 yAbs; unchecked { xAbs = xInt < 0 ? uint256(-xInt) : uint256(xInt); yAbs = yInt < 0 ? uint256(-yInt) : uint256(yInt); } // Compute the absolute value (x*y÷UNIT). The resulting value must fit in SD59x18. uint256 resultAbs = Common.mulDiv18(xAbs, yAbs); if (resultAbs > uint256(uMAX_SD59x18)) { revert Errors.PRBMath_SD59x18_Mul_Overflow(x, y); } // Check if x and y have the same sign using two's complement representation. The left-most bit represents the sign (1 for // negative, 0 for positive or zero). bool sameSign = (xInt ^ yInt) > -1; // If the inputs have the same sign, the result should be positive. Otherwise, it should be negative. unchecked { result = wrap(sameSign ? int256(resultAbs) : -int256(resultAbs)); } } /// @notice Raises x to the power of y using the following formula: /// /// $$ /// x^y = 2^{log_2{x} * y} /// $$ /// /// @dev Notes: /// - Refer to the notes in {exp2}, {log2}, and {mul}. /// - Returns `UNIT` for 0^0. /// /// Requirements: /// - Refer to the requirements in {exp2}, {log2}, and {mul}. /// /// @param x The base as an SD59x18 number. /// @param y Exponent to raise x to, as an SD59x18 number /// @return result x raised to power y, as an SD59x18 number. /// @custom:smtchecker abstract-function-nondet function pow(SD59x18 x, SD59x18 y) pure returns (SD59x18 result) { int256 xInt = x.unwrap(); int256 yInt = y.unwrap(); // If both x and y are zero, the result is `UNIT`. If just x is zero, the result is always zero. if (xInt == 0) { return yInt == 0 ? UNIT : ZERO; } // If x is `UNIT`, the result is always `UNIT`. else if (xInt == uUNIT) { return UNIT; } // If y is zero, the result is always `UNIT`. if (yInt == 0) { return UNIT; } // If y is `UNIT`, the result is always x. else if (yInt == uUNIT) { return x; } // Calculate the result using the formula. result = exp2(mul(log2(x), y)); } /// @notice Raises x (an SD59x18 number) to the power y (an unsigned basic integer) using the well-known /// algorithm "exponentiation by squaring". /// /// @dev See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exponentiation_by_squaring. /// /// Notes: /// - Refer to the notes in {Common.mulDiv18}. /// - Returns `UNIT` for 0^0. /// /// Requirements: /// - Refer to the requirements in {abs} and {Common.mulDiv18}. /// - The result must fit in SD59x18. /// /// @param x The base as an SD59x18 number. /// @param y The exponent as a uint256. /// @return result The result as an SD59x18 number. /// @custom:smtchecker abstract-function-nondet function powu(SD59x18 x, uint256 y) pure returns (SD59x18 result) { uint256 xAbs = uint256(abs(x).unwrap()); // Calculate the first iteration of the loop in advance. uint256 resultAbs = y & 1 > 0 ? xAbs : uint256(uUNIT); // Equivalent to `for(y /= 2; y > 0; y /= 2)`. uint256 yAux = y; for (yAux >>= 1; yAux > 0; yAux >>= 1) { xAbs = Common.mulDiv18(xAbs, xAbs); // Equivalent to `y % 2 == 1`. if (yAux & 1 > 0) { resultAbs = Common.mulDiv18(resultAbs, xAbs); } } // The result must fit in SD59x18. if (resultAbs > uint256(uMAX_SD59x18)) { revert Errors.PRBMath_SD59x18_Powu_Overflow(x, y); } unchecked { // Is the base negative and the exponent odd? If yes, the result should be negative. int256 resultInt = int256(resultAbs); bool isNegative = x.unwrap() < 0 && y & 1 == 1; if (isNegative) { resultInt = -resultInt; } result = wrap(resultInt); } } /// @notice Calculates the square root of x using the Babylonian method. /// /// @dev See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methods_of_computing_square_roots#Babylonian_method. /// /// Notes: /// - Only the positive root is returned. /// - The result is rounded toward zero. /// /// Requirements: /// - x cannot be negative, since complex numbers are not supported. /// - x must be less than `MAX_SD59x18 / UNIT`. /// /// @param x The SD59x18 number for which to calculate the square root. /// @return result The result as an SD59x18 number. /// @custom:smtchecker abstract-function-nondet function sqrt(SD59x18 x) pure returns (SD59x18 result) { int256 xInt = x.unwrap(); if (xInt < 0) { revert Errors.PRBMath_SD59x18_Sqrt_NegativeInput(x); } if (xInt > uMAX_SD59x18 / uUNIT) { revert Errors.PRBMath_SD59x18_Sqrt_Overflow(x); } unchecked { // Multiply x by `UNIT` to account for the factor of `UNIT` picked up when multiplying two SD59x18 numbers. // In this case, the two numbers are both the square root. uint256 resultUint = Common.sqrt(uint256(xInt * uUNIT)); result = wrap(int256(resultUint)); } }
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT pragma solidity >=0.8.19; import "./Casting.sol" as Casting; import "./Helpers.sol" as Helpers; import "./Math.sol" as Math; /// @notice The signed 59.18-decimal fixed-point number representation, which can have up to 59 digits and up to 18 /// decimals. The values of this are bound by the minimum and the maximum values permitted by the underlying Solidity /// type int256. type SD59x18 is int256; /*////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// CASTING //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////*/ using { Casting.intoInt256, Casting.intoSD1x18, Casting.intoUD2x18, Casting.intoUD60x18, Casting.intoUint256, Casting.intoUint128, Casting.intoUint40, Casting.unwrap } for SD59x18 global; /*////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// MATHEMATICAL FUNCTIONS //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////*/ using { Math.abs, Math.avg, Math.ceil, Math.div, Math.exp, Math.exp2, Math.floor, Math.frac, Math.gm, Math.inv, Math.log10, Math.log2, Math.ln, Math.mul, Math.pow, Math.powu, Math.sqrt } for SD59x18 global; /*////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// HELPER FUNCTIONS //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////*/ using { Helpers.add, Helpers.and, Helpers.eq, Helpers.gt, Helpers.gte, Helpers.isZero, Helpers.lshift, Helpers.lt, Helpers.lte, Helpers.mod, Helpers.neq, Helpers.not, Helpers.or, Helpers.rshift, Helpers.sub, Helpers.uncheckedAdd, Helpers.uncheckedSub, Helpers.uncheckedUnary, Helpers.xor } for SD59x18 global; /*////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// OPERATORS //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////*/ // The global "using for" directive makes it possible to use these operators on the SD59x18 type. using { Helpers.add as +, Helpers.and2 as &, Math.div as /, Helpers.eq as ==, Helpers.gt as >, Helpers.gte as >=, Helpers.lt as <, Helpers.lte as <=, Helpers.mod as %, Math.mul as *, Helpers.neq as !=, Helpers.not as ~, Helpers.or as |, Helpers.sub as -, Helpers.unary as -, Helpers.xor as ^ } for SD59x18 global;
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT // OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (access/IAccessControl.sol) pragma solidity ^0.8.0; /** * @dev External interface of AccessControl declared to support ERC165 detection. */ interface IAccessControl { /** * @dev Emitted when `newAdminRole` is set as ``role``'s admin role, replacing `previousAdminRole` * * `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` is the starting admin for all roles, despite * {RoleAdminChanged} not being emitted signaling this. * * _Available since v3.1._ */ event RoleAdminChanged(bytes32 indexed role, bytes32 indexed previousAdminRole, bytes32 indexed newAdminRole); /** * @dev Emitted when `account` is granted `role`. * * `sender` is the account that originated the contract call, an admin role * bearer except when using {AccessControl-_setupRole}. */ event RoleGranted(bytes32 indexed role, address indexed account, address indexed sender); /** * @dev Emitted when `account` is revoked `role`. * * `sender` is the account that originated the contract call: * - if using `revokeRole`, it is the admin role bearer * - if using `renounceRole`, it is the role bearer (i.e. `account`) */ event RoleRevoked(bytes32 indexed role, address indexed account, address indexed sender); /** * @dev Returns `true` if `account` has been granted `role`. */ function hasRole(bytes32 role, address account) external view returns (bool); /** * @dev Returns the admin role that controls `role`. See {grantRole} and * {revokeRole}. * * To change a role's admin, use {AccessControl-_setRoleAdmin}. */ function getRoleAdmin(bytes32 role) external view returns (bytes32); /** * @dev Grants `role` to `account`. * * If `account` had not been already granted `role`, emits a {RoleGranted} * event. * * Requirements: * * - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role. */ function grantRole(bytes32 role, address account) external; /** * @dev Revokes `role` from `account`. * * If `account` had been granted `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked} event. * * Requirements: * * - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role. */ function revokeRole(bytes32 role, address account) external; /** * @dev Revokes `role` from the calling account. * * Roles are often managed via {grantRole} and {revokeRole}: this function's * purpose is to provide a mechanism for accounts to lose their privileges * if they are compromised (such as when a trusted device is misplaced). * * If the calling account had been granted `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked} * event. * * Requirements: * * - the caller must be `account`. */ function renounceRole(bytes32 role, address account) external; }
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT // OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/Context.sol) pragma solidity ^0.8.0; /** * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct * manner, since when dealing with meta-transactions the account sending and * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application * is concerned). * * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts. */ abstract contract Context { function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address) { return msg.sender; } function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes calldata) { return msg.data; } }
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/Strings.sol) pragma solidity ^0.8.0; import "./math/Math.sol"; import "./math/SignedMath.sol"; /** * @dev String operations. */ library Strings { bytes16 private constant _SYMBOLS = "0123456789abcdef"; uint8 private constant _ADDRESS_LENGTH = 20; /** * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation. */ function toString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) { unchecked { uint256 length = Math.log10(value) + 1; string memory buffer = new string(length); uint256 ptr; /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly assembly { ptr := add(buffer, add(32, length)) } while (true) { ptr--; /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly assembly { mstore8(ptr, byte(mod(value, 10), _SYMBOLS)) } value /= 10; if (value == 0) break; } return buffer; } } /** * @dev Converts a `int256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation. */ function toString(int256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) { return string(abi.encodePacked(value < 0 ? "-" : "", toString(SignedMath.abs(value)))); } /** * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation. */ function toHexString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) { unchecked { return toHexString(value, Math.log256(value) + 1); } } /** * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation with fixed length. */ function toHexString(uint256 value, uint256 length) internal pure returns (string memory) { bytes memory buffer = new bytes(2 * length + 2); buffer[0] = "0"; buffer[1] = "x"; for (uint256 i = 2 * length + 1; i > 1; --i) { buffer[i] = _SYMBOLS[value & 0xf]; value >>= 4; } require(value == 0, "Strings: hex length insufficient"); return string(buffer); } /** * @dev Converts an `address` with fixed length of 20 bytes to its not checksummed ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation. */ function toHexString(address addr) internal pure returns (string memory) { return toHexString(uint256(uint160(addr)), _ADDRESS_LENGTH); } /** * @dev Returns true if the two strings are equal. */ function equal(string memory a, string memory b) internal pure returns (bool) { return keccak256(bytes(a)) == keccak256(bytes(b)); } }
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT // OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/introspection/ERC165.sol) pragma solidity ^0.8.0; import "./IERC165.sol"; /** * @dev Implementation of the {IERC165} interface. * * Contracts that want to implement ERC165 should inherit from this contract and override {supportsInterface} to check * for the additional interface id that will be supported. For example: * * ```solidity * function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) { * return interfaceId == type(MyInterface).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId); * } * ``` * * Alternatively, {ERC165Storage} provides an easier to use but more expensive implementation. */ abstract contract ERC165 is IERC165 { /** * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}. */ function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) { return interfaceId == type(IERC165).interfaceId; } }
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT pragma solidity >=0.8.19; // Common.sol // // Common mathematical functions used in both SD59x18 and UD60x18. Note that these global functions do not // always operate with SD59x18 and UD60x18 numbers. /*////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// CUSTOM ERRORS //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////*/ /// @notice Thrown when the resultant value in {mulDiv} overflows uint256. error PRBMath_MulDiv_Overflow(uint256 x, uint256 y, uint256 denominator); /// @notice Thrown when the resultant value in {mulDiv18} overflows uint256. error PRBMath_MulDiv18_Overflow(uint256 x, uint256 y); /// @notice Thrown when one of the inputs passed to {mulDivSigned} is `type(int256).min`. error PRBMath_MulDivSigned_InputTooSmall(); /// @notice Thrown when the resultant value in {mulDivSigned} overflows int256. error PRBMath_MulDivSigned_Overflow(int256 x, int256 y); /*////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// CONSTANTS //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////*/ /// @dev The maximum value a uint128 number can have. uint128 constant MAX_UINT128 = type(uint128).max; /// @dev The maximum value a uint40 number can have. uint40 constant MAX_UINT40 = type(uint40).max; /// @dev The unit number, which the decimal precision of the fixed-point types. uint256 constant UNIT = 1e18; /// @dev The unit number inverted mod 2^256. uint256 constant UNIT_INVERSE = 78156646155174841979727994598816262306175212592076161876661_508869554232690281; /// @dev The the largest power of two that divides the decimal value of `UNIT`. The logarithm of this value is the least significant /// bit in the binary representation of `UNIT`. uint256 constant UNIT_LPOTD = 262144; /*////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// FUNCTIONS //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////*/ /// @notice Calculates the binary exponent of x using the binary fraction method. /// @dev Has to use 192.64-bit fixed-point numbers. See https://ethereum.stackexchange.com/a/96594/24693. /// @param x The exponent as an unsigned 192.64-bit fixed-point number. /// @return result The result as an unsigned 60.18-decimal fixed-point number. /// @custom:smtchecker abstract-function-nondet function exp2(uint256 x) pure returns (uint256 result) { unchecked { // Start from 0.5 in the 192.64-bit fixed-point format. result = 0x800000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000; // The following logic multiplies the result by $\sqrt{2^{-i}}$ when the bit at position i is 1. Key points: // // 1. Intermediate results will not overflow, as the starting point is 2^191 and all magic factors are under 2^65. // 2. The rationale for organizing the if statements into groups of 8 is gas savings. If the result of performing // a bitwise AND operation between x and any value in the array [0x80; 0x40; 0x20; 0x10; 0x08; 0x04; 0x02; 0x01] is 1, // we know that `x & 0xFF` is also 1. if (x & 0xFF00000000000000 > 0) { if (x & 0x8000000000000000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x16A09E667F3BCC909) >> 64; } if (x & 0x4000000000000000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x1306FE0A31B7152DF) >> 64; } if (x & 0x2000000000000000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x1172B83C7D517ADCE) >> 64; } if (x & 0x1000000000000000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x10B5586CF9890F62A) >> 64; } if (x & 0x800000000000000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x1059B0D31585743AE) >> 64; } if (x & 0x400000000000000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x102C9A3E778060EE7) >> 64; } if (x & 0x200000000000000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x10163DA9FB33356D8) >> 64; } if (x & 0x100000000000000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x100B1AFA5ABCBED61) >> 64; } } if (x & 0xFF000000000000 > 0) { if (x & 0x80000000000000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x10058C86DA1C09EA2) >> 64; } if (x & 0x40000000000000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x1002C605E2E8CEC50) >> 64; } if (x & 0x20000000000000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x100162F3904051FA1) >> 64; } if (x & 0x10000000000000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x1000B175EFFDC76BA) >> 64; } if (x & 0x8000000000000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x100058BA01FB9F96D) >> 64; } if (x & 0x4000000000000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x10002C5CC37DA9492) >> 64; } if (x & 0x2000000000000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x1000162E525EE0547) >> 64; } if (x & 0x1000000000000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x10000B17255775C04) >> 64; } } if (x & 0xFF0000000000 > 0) { if (x & 0x800000000000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x1000058B91B5BC9AE) >> 64; } if (x & 0x400000000000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x100002C5C89D5EC6D) >> 64; } if (x & 0x200000000000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x10000162E43F4F831) >> 64; } if (x & 0x100000000000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x100000B1721BCFC9A) >> 64; } if (x & 0x80000000000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x10000058B90CF1E6E) >> 64; } if (x & 0x40000000000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x1000002C5C863B73F) >> 64; } if (x & 0x20000000000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x100000162E430E5A2) >> 64; } if (x & 0x10000000000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x1000000B172183551) >> 64; } } if (x & 0xFF00000000 > 0) { if (x & 0x8000000000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x100000058B90C0B49) >> 64; } if (x & 0x4000000000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x10000002C5C8601CC) >> 64; } if (x & 0x2000000000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x1000000162E42FFF0) >> 64; } if (x & 0x1000000000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x10000000B17217FBB) >> 64; } if (x & 0x800000000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x1000000058B90BFCE) >> 64; } if (x & 0x400000000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x100000002C5C85FE3) >> 64; } if (x & 0x200000000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x10000000162E42FF1) >> 64; } if (x & 0x100000000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x100000000B17217F8) >> 64; } } if (x & 0xFF000000 > 0) { if (x & 0x80000000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x10000000058B90BFC) >> 64; } if (x & 0x40000000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x1000000002C5C85FE) >> 64; } if (x & 0x20000000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x100000000162E42FF) >> 64; } if (x & 0x10000000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x1000000000B17217F) >> 64; } if (x & 0x8000000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x100000000058B90C0) >> 64; } if (x & 0x4000000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x10000000002C5C860) >> 64; } if (x & 0x2000000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x1000000000162E430) >> 64; } if (x & 0x1000000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x10000000000B17218) >> 64; } } if (x & 0xFF0000 > 0) { if (x & 0x800000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x1000000000058B90C) >> 64; } if (x & 0x400000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x100000000002C5C86) >> 64; } if (x & 0x200000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x10000000000162E43) >> 64; } if (x & 0x100000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x100000000000B1721) >> 64; } if (x & 0x80000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x10000000000058B91) >> 64; } if (x & 0x40000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x1000000000002C5C8) >> 64; } if (x & 0x20000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x100000000000162E4) >> 64; } if (x & 0x10000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x1000000000000B172) >> 64; } } if (x & 0xFF00 > 0) { if (x & 0x8000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x100000000000058B9) >> 64; } if (x & 0x4000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x10000000000002C5D) >> 64; } if (x & 0x2000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x1000000000000162E) >> 64; } if (x & 0x1000 > 0) { result = (result * 0x10000000000000B17) >> 64; } if (x & 0x800 > 0) { result = (result * 0x1000000000000058C) >> 64; } if (x & 0x400 > 0) { result = (result * 0x100000000000002C6) >> 64; } if (x & 0x200 > 0) { result = (result * 0x10000000000000163) >> 64; } if (x & 0x100 > 0) { result = (result * 0x100000000000000B1) >> 64; } } if (x & 0xFF > 0) { if (x & 0x80 > 0) { result = (result * 0x10000000000000059) >> 64; } if (x & 0x40 > 0) { result = (result * 0x1000000000000002C) >> 64; } if (x & 0x20 > 0) { result = (result * 0x10000000000000016) >> 64; } if (x & 0x10 > 0) { result = (result * 0x1000000000000000B) >> 64; } if (x & 0x8 > 0) { result = (result * 0x10000000000000006) >> 64; } if (x & 0x4 > 0) { result = (result * 0x10000000000000003) >> 64; } if (x & 0x2 > 0) { result = (result * 0x10000000000000001) >> 64; } if (x & 0x1 > 0) { result = (result * 0x10000000000000001) >> 64; } } // In the code snippet below, two operations are executed simultaneously: // // 1. The result is multiplied by $(2^n + 1)$, where $2^n$ represents the integer part, and the additional 1 // accounts for the initial guess of 0.5. This is achieved by subtracting from 191 instead of 192. // 2. The result is then converted to an unsigned 60.18-decimal fixed-point format. // // The underlying logic is based on the relationship $2^{191-ip} = 2^{ip} / 2^{191}$, where $ip$ denotes the, // integer part, $2^n$. result *= UNIT; result >>= (191 - (x >> 64)); } } /// @notice Finds the zero-based index of the first 1 in the binary representation of x. /// /// @dev See the note on "msb" in this Wikipedia article: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Find_first_set /// /// Each step in this implementation is equivalent to this high-level code: /// /// ```solidity /// if (x >= 2 ** 128) { /// x >>= 128; /// result += 128; /// } /// ``` /// /// Where 128 is replaced with each respective power of two factor. See the full high-level implementation here: /// https://gist.github.com/PaulRBerg/f932f8693f2733e30c4d479e8e980948 /// /// The Yul instructions used below are: /// /// - "gt" is "greater than" /// - "or" is the OR bitwise operator /// - "shl" is "shift left" /// - "shr" is "shift right" /// /// @param x The uint256 number for which to find the index of the most significant bit. /// @return result The index of the most significant bit as a uint256. /// @custom:smtchecker abstract-function-nondet function msb(uint256 x) pure returns (uint256 result) { // 2^128 assembly ("memory-safe") { let factor := shl(7, gt(x, 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF)) x := shr(factor, x) result := or(result, factor) } // 2^64 assembly ("memory-safe") { let factor := shl(6, gt(x, 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF)) x := shr(factor, x) result := or(result, factor) } // 2^32 assembly ("memory-safe") { let factor := shl(5, gt(x, 0xFFFFFFFF)) x := shr(factor, x) result := or(result, factor) } // 2^16 assembly ("memory-safe") { let factor := shl(4, gt(x, 0xFFFF)) x := shr(factor, x) result := or(result, factor) } // 2^8 assembly ("memory-safe") { let factor := shl(3, gt(x, 0xFF)) x := shr(factor, x) result := or(result, factor) } // 2^4 assembly ("memory-safe") { let factor := shl(2, gt(x, 0xF)) x := shr(factor, x) result := or(result, factor) } // 2^2 assembly ("memory-safe") { let factor := shl(1, gt(x, 0x3)) x := shr(factor, x) result := or(result, factor) } // 2^1 // No need to shift x any more. assembly ("memory-safe") { let factor := gt(x, 0x1) result := or(result, factor) } } /// @notice Calculates x*y÷denominator with 512-bit precision. /// /// @dev Credits to Remco Bloemen under MIT license https://xn--2-umb.com/21/muldiv. /// /// Notes: /// - The result is rounded toward zero. /// /// Requirements: /// - The denominator must not be zero. /// - The result must fit in uint256. /// /// @param x The multiplicand as a uint256. /// @param y The multiplier as a uint256. /// @param denominator The divisor as a uint256. /// @return result The result as a uint256. /// @custom:smtchecker abstract-function-nondet function mulDiv(uint256 x, uint256 y, uint256 denominator) pure returns (uint256 result) { // 512-bit multiply [prod1 prod0] = x * y. Compute the product mod 2^256 and mod 2^256 - 1, then use // use the Chinese Remainder Theorem to reconstruct the 512-bit result. The result is stored in two 256 // variables such that product = prod1 * 2^256 + prod0. uint256 prod0; // Least significant 256 bits of the product uint256 prod1; // Most significant 256 bits of the product assembly ("memory-safe") { let mm := mulmod(x, y, not(0)) prod0 := mul(x, y) prod1 := sub(sub(mm, prod0), lt(mm, prod0)) } // Handle non-overflow cases, 256 by 256 division. if (prod1 == 0) { unchecked { return prod0 / denominator; } } // Make sure the result is less than 2^256. Also prevents denominator == 0. if (prod1 >= denominator) { revert PRBMath_MulDiv_Overflow(x, y, denominator); } //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // 512 by 256 division //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // Make division exact by subtracting the remainder from [prod1 prod0]. uint256 remainder; assembly ("memory-safe") { // Compute remainder using the mulmod Yul instruction. remainder := mulmod(x, y, denominator) // Subtract 256 bit number from 512-bit number. prod1 := sub(prod1, gt(remainder, prod0)) prod0 := sub(prod0, remainder) } unchecked { // Calculate the largest power of two divisor of the denominator using the unary operator ~. This operation cannot overflow // because the denominator cannot be zero at this point in the function execution. The result is always >= 1. // For more detail, see https://cs.stackexchange.com/q/138556/92363. uint256 lpotdod = denominator & (~denominator + 1); uint256 flippedLpotdod; assembly ("memory-safe") { // Factor powers of two out of denominator. denominator := div(denominator, lpotdod) // Divide [prod1 prod0] by lpotdod. prod0 := div(prod0, lpotdod) // Get the flipped value `2^256 / lpotdod`. If the `lpotdod` is zero, the flipped value is one. // `sub(0, lpotdod)` produces the two's complement version of `lpotdod`, which is equivalent to flipping all the bits. // However, `div` interprets this value as an unsigned value: https://ethereum.stackexchange.com/q/147168/24693 flippedLpotdod := add(div(sub(0, lpotdod), lpotdod), 1) } // Shift in bits from prod1 into prod0. prod0 |= prod1 * flippedLpotdod; // Invert denominator mod 2^256. Now that denominator is an odd number, it has an inverse modulo 2^256 such // that denominator * inv = 1 mod 2^256. Compute the inverse by starting with a seed that is correct for // four bits. That is, denominator * inv = 1 mod 2^4. uint256 inverse = (3 * denominator) ^ 2; // Use the Newton-Raphson iteration to improve the precision. Thanks to Hensel's lifting lemma, this also works // in modular arithmetic, doubling the correct bits in each step. inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^8 inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^16 inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^32 inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^64 inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^128 inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^256 // Because the division is now exact we can divide by multiplying with the modular inverse of denominator. // This will give us the correct result modulo 2^256. Since the preconditions guarantee that the outcome is // less than 2^256, this is the final result. We don't need to compute the high bits of the result and prod1 // is no longer required. result = prod0 * inverse; } } /// @notice Calculates x*y÷1e18 with 512-bit precision. /// /// @dev A variant of {mulDiv} with constant folding, i.e. in which the denominator is hard coded to 1e18. /// /// Notes: /// - The body is purposely left uncommented; to understand how this works, see the documentation in {mulDiv}. /// - The result is rounded toward zero. /// - We take as an axiom that the result cannot be `MAX_UINT256` when x and y solve the following system of equations: /// /// $$ /// \begin{cases} /// x * y = MAX\_UINT256 * UNIT \\ /// (x * y) \% UNIT \geq \frac{UNIT}{2} /// \end{cases} /// $$ /// /// Requirements: /// - Refer to the requirements in {mulDiv}. /// - The result must fit in uint256. /// /// @param x The multiplicand as an unsigned 60.18-decimal fixed-point number. /// @param y The multiplier as an unsigned 60.18-decimal fixed-point number. /// @return result The result as an unsigned 60.18-decimal fixed-point number. /// @custom:smtchecker abstract-function-nondet function mulDiv18(uint256 x, uint256 y) pure returns (uint256 result) { uint256 prod0; uint256 prod1; assembly ("memory-safe") { let mm := mulmod(x, y, not(0)) prod0 := mul(x, y) prod1 := sub(sub(mm, prod0), lt(mm, prod0)) } if (prod1 == 0) { unchecked { return prod0 / UNIT; } } if (prod1 >= UNIT) { revert PRBMath_MulDiv18_Overflow(x, y); } uint256 remainder; assembly ("memory-safe") { remainder := mulmod(x, y, UNIT) result := mul( or( div(sub(prod0, remainder), UNIT_LPOTD), mul(sub(prod1, gt(remainder, prod0)), add(div(sub(0, UNIT_LPOTD), UNIT_LPOTD), 1)) ), UNIT_INVERSE ) } } /// @notice Calculates x*y÷denominator with 512-bit precision. /// /// @dev This is an extension of {mulDiv} for signed numbers, which works by computing the signs and the absolute values separately. /// /// Notes: /// - The result is rounded toward zero. /// /// Requirements: /// - Refer to the requirements in {mulDiv}. /// - None of the inputs can be `type(int256).min`. /// - The result must fit in int256. /// /// @param x The multiplicand as an int256. /// @param y The multiplier as an int256. /// @param denominator The divisor as an int256. /// @return result The result as an int256. /// @custom:smtchecker abstract-function-nondet function mulDivSigned(int256 x, int256 y, int256 denominator) pure returns (int256 result) { if (x == type(int256).min || y == type(int256).min || denominator == type(int256).min) { revert PRBMath_MulDivSigned_InputTooSmall(); } // Get hold of the absolute values of x, y and the denominator. uint256 xAbs; uint256 yAbs; uint256 dAbs; unchecked { xAbs = x < 0 ? uint256(-x) : uint256(x); yAbs = y < 0 ? uint256(-y) : uint256(y); dAbs = denominator < 0 ? uint256(-denominator) : uint256(denominator); } // Compute the absolute value of x*y÷denominator. The result must fit in int256. uint256 resultAbs = mulDiv(xAbs, yAbs, dAbs); if (resultAbs > uint256(type(int256).max)) { revert PRBMath_MulDivSigned_Overflow(x, y); } // Get the signs of x, y and the denominator. uint256 sx; uint256 sy; uint256 sd; assembly ("memory-safe") { // "sgt" is the "signed greater than" assembly instruction and "sub(0,1)" is -1 in two's complement. sx := sgt(x, sub(0, 1)) sy := sgt(y, sub(0, 1)) sd := sgt(denominator, sub(0, 1)) } // XOR over sx, sy and sd. What this does is to check whether there are 1 or 3 negative signs in the inputs. // If there are, the result should be negative. Otherwise, it should be positive. unchecked { result = sx ^ sy ^ sd == 0 ? -int256(resultAbs) : int256(resultAbs); } } /// @notice Calculates the square root of x using the Babylonian method. /// /// @dev See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methods_of_computing_square_roots#Babylonian_method. /// /// Notes: /// - If x is not a perfect square, the result is rounded down. /// - Credits to OpenZeppelin for the explanations in comments below. /// /// @param x The uint256 number for which to calculate the square root. /// @return result The result as a uint256. /// @custom:smtchecker abstract-function-nondet function sqrt(uint256 x) pure returns (uint256 result) { if (x == 0) { return 0; } // For our first guess, we calculate the biggest power of 2 which is smaller than the square root of x. // // We know that the "msb" (most significant bit) of x is a power of 2 such that we have: // // $$ // msb(x) <= x <= 2*msb(x)$ // $$ // // We write $msb(x)$ as $2^k$, and we get: // // $$ // k = log_2(x) // $$ // // Thus, we can write the initial inequality as: // // $$ // 2^{log_2(x)} <= x <= 2*2^{log_2(x)+1} \\ // sqrt(2^k) <= sqrt(x) < sqrt(2^{k+1}) \\ // 2^{k/2} <= sqrt(x) < 2^{(k+1)/2} <= 2^{(k/2)+1} // $$ // // Consequently, $2^{log_2(x) /2} is a good first approximation of sqrt(x) with at least one correct bit. uint256 xAux = uint256(x); result = 1; if (xAux >= 2 ** 128) { xAux >>= 128; result <<= 64; } if (xAux >= 2 ** 64) { xAux >>= 64; result <<= 32; } if (xAux >= 2 ** 32) { xAux >>= 32; result <<= 16; } if (xAux >= 2 ** 16) { xAux >>= 16; result <<= 8; } if (xAux >= 2 ** 8) { xAux >>= 8; result <<= 4; } if (xAux >= 2 ** 4) { xAux >>= 4; result <<= 2; } if (xAux >= 2 ** 2) { result <<= 1; } // At this point, `result` is an estimation with at least one bit of precision. We know the true value has at // most 128 bits, since it is the square root of a uint256. Newton's method converges quadratically (precision // doubles at every iteration). We thus need at most 7 iteration to turn our partial result with one bit of // precision into the expected uint128 result. unchecked { result = (result + x / result) >> 1; result = (result + x / result) >> 1; result = (result + x / result) >> 1; result = (result + x / result) >> 1; result = (result + x / result) >> 1; result = (result + x / result) >> 1; result = (result + x / result) >> 1; // If x is not a perfect square, round the result toward zero. uint256 roundedResult = x / result; if (result >= roundedResult) { result = roundedResult; } } }
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT pragma solidity >=0.8.19; import { SD1x18 } from "./ValueType.sol"; /// @dev Euler's number as an SD1x18 number. SD1x18 constant E = SD1x18.wrap(2_718281828459045235); /// @dev The maximum value an SD1x18 number can have. int64 constant uMAX_SD1x18 = 9_223372036854775807; SD1x18 constant MAX_SD1x18 = SD1x18.wrap(uMAX_SD1x18); /// @dev The maximum value an SD1x18 number can have. int64 constant uMIN_SD1x18 = -9_223372036854775808; SD1x18 constant MIN_SD1x18 = SD1x18.wrap(uMIN_SD1x18); /// @dev PI as an SD1x18 number. SD1x18 constant PI = SD1x18.wrap(3_141592653589793238); /// @dev The unit number, which gives the decimal precision of SD1x18. SD1x18 constant UNIT = SD1x18.wrap(1e18); int256 constant uUNIT = 1e18;
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT pragma solidity >=0.8.19; import "./Casting.sol" as Casting; /// @notice The signed 1.18-decimal fixed-point number representation, which can have up to 1 digit and up to 18 /// decimals. The values of this are bound by the minimum and the maximum values permitted by the underlying Solidity /// type int64. This is useful when end users want to use int64 to save gas, e.g. with tight variable packing in contract /// storage. type SD1x18 is int64; /*////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// CASTING //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////*/ using { Casting.intoSD59x18, Casting.intoUD2x18, Casting.intoUD60x18, Casting.intoUint256, Casting.intoUint128, Casting.intoUint40, Casting.unwrap } for SD1x18 global;
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT pragma solidity >=0.8.19; import { UD2x18 } from "./ValueType.sol"; /// @dev Euler's number as a UD2x18 number. UD2x18 constant E = UD2x18.wrap(2_718281828459045235); /// @dev The maximum value a UD2x18 number can have. uint64 constant uMAX_UD2x18 = 18_446744073709551615; UD2x18 constant MAX_UD2x18 = UD2x18.wrap(uMAX_UD2x18); /// @dev PI as a UD2x18 number. UD2x18 constant PI = UD2x18.wrap(3_141592653589793238); /// @dev The unit number, which gives the decimal precision of UD2x18. uint256 constant uUNIT = 1e18; UD2x18 constant UNIT = UD2x18.wrap(1e18);
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT pragma solidity >=0.8.19; import "./Casting.sol" as Casting; /// @notice The unsigned 2.18-decimal fixed-point number representation, which can have up to 2 digits and up to 18 /// decimals. The values of this are bound by the minimum and the maximum values permitted by the underlying Solidity /// type uint64. This is useful when end users want to use uint64 to save gas, e.g. with tight variable packing in contract /// storage. type UD2x18 is uint64; /*////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// CASTING //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////*/ using { Casting.intoSD1x18, Casting.intoSD59x18, Casting.intoUD60x18, Casting.intoUint256, Casting.intoUint128, Casting.intoUint40, Casting.unwrap } for UD2x18 global;
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/math/Math.sol) pragma solidity ^0.8.0; /** * @dev Standard math utilities missing in the Solidity language. */ library Math { enum Rounding { Down, // Toward negative infinity Up, // Toward infinity Zero // Toward zero } /** * @dev Returns the largest of two numbers. */ function max(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) { return a > b ? a : b; } /** * @dev Returns the smallest of two numbers. */ function min(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) { return a < b ? a : b; } /** * @dev Returns the average of two numbers. The result is rounded towards * zero. */ function average(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) { // (a + b) / 2 can overflow. return (a & b) + (a ^ b) / 2; } /** * @dev Returns the ceiling of the division of two numbers. * * This differs from standard division with `/` in that it rounds up instead * of rounding down. */ function ceilDiv(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) { // (a + b - 1) / b can overflow on addition, so we distribute. return a == 0 ? 0 : (a - 1) / b + 1; } /** * @notice Calculates floor(x * y / denominator) with full precision. Throws if result overflows a uint256 or denominator == 0 * @dev Original credit to Remco Bloemen under MIT license (https://xn--2-umb.com/21/muldiv) * with further edits by Uniswap Labs also under MIT license. */ function mulDiv(uint256 x, uint256 y, uint256 denominator) internal pure returns (uint256 result) { unchecked { // 512-bit multiply [prod1 prod0] = x * y. Compute the product mod 2^256 and mod 2^256 - 1, then use // use the Chinese Remainder Theorem to reconstruct the 512 bit result. The result is stored in two 256 // variables such that product = prod1 * 2^256 + prod0. uint256 prod0; // Least significant 256 bits of the product uint256 prod1; // Most significant 256 bits of the product assembly { let mm := mulmod(x, y, not(0)) prod0 := mul(x, y) prod1 := sub(sub(mm, prod0), lt(mm, prod0)) } // Handle non-overflow cases, 256 by 256 division. if (prod1 == 0) { // Solidity will revert if denominator == 0, unlike the div opcode on its own. // The surrounding unchecked block does not change this fact. // See https://docs.soliditylang.org/en/latest/control-structures.html#checked-or-unchecked-arithmetic. return prod0 / denominator; } // Make sure the result is less than 2^256. Also prevents denominator == 0. require(denominator > prod1, "Math: mulDiv overflow"); /////////////////////////////////////////////// // 512 by 256 division. /////////////////////////////////////////////// // Make division exact by subtracting the remainder from [prod1 prod0]. uint256 remainder; assembly { // Compute remainder using mulmod. remainder := mulmod(x, y, denominator) // Subtract 256 bit number from 512 bit number. prod1 := sub(prod1, gt(remainder, prod0)) prod0 := sub(prod0, remainder) } // Factor powers of two out of denominator and compute largest power of two divisor of denominator. Always >= 1. // See https://cs.stackexchange.com/q/138556/92363. // Does not overflow because the denominator cannot be zero at this stage in the function. uint256 twos = denominator & (~denominator + 1); assembly { // Divide denominator by twos. denominator := div(denominator, twos) // Divide [prod1 prod0] by twos. prod0 := div(prod0, twos) // Flip twos such that it is 2^256 / twos. If twos is zero, then it becomes one. twos := add(div(sub(0, twos), twos), 1) } // Shift in bits from prod1 into prod0. prod0 |= prod1 * twos; // Invert denominator mod 2^256. Now that denominator is an odd number, it has an inverse modulo 2^256 such // that denominator * inv = 1 mod 2^256. Compute the inverse by starting with a seed that is correct for // four bits. That is, denominator * inv = 1 mod 2^4. uint256 inverse = (3 * denominator) ^ 2; // Use the Newton-Raphson iteration to improve the precision. Thanks to Hensel's lifting lemma, this also works // in modular arithmetic, doubling the correct bits in each step. inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^8 inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^16 inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^32 inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^64 inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^128 inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^256 // Because the division is now exact we can divide by multiplying with the modular inverse of denominator. // This will give us the correct result modulo 2^256. Since the preconditions guarantee that the outcome is // less than 2^256, this is the final result. We don't need to compute the high bits of the result and prod1 // is no longer required. result = prod0 * inverse; return result; } } /** * @notice Calculates x * y / denominator with full precision, following the selected rounding direction. */ function mulDiv(uint256 x, uint256 y, uint256 denominator, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) { uint256 result = mulDiv(x, y, denominator); if (rounding == Rounding.Up && mulmod(x, y, denominator) > 0) { result += 1; } return result; } /** * @dev Returns the square root of a number. If the number is not a perfect square, the value is rounded down. * * Inspired by Henry S. Warren, Jr.'s "Hacker's Delight" (Chapter 11). */ function sqrt(uint256 a) internal pure returns (uint256) { if (a == 0) { return 0; } // For our first guess, we get the biggest power of 2 which is smaller than the square root of the target. // // We know that the "msb" (most significant bit) of our target number `a` is a power of 2 such that we have // `msb(a) <= a < 2*msb(a)`. This value can be written `msb(a)=2**k` with `k=log2(a)`. // // This can be rewritten `2**log2(a) <= a < 2**(log2(a) + 1)` // → `sqrt(2**k) <= sqrt(a) < sqrt(2**(k+1))` // → `2**(k/2) <= sqrt(a) < 2**((k+1)/2) <= 2**(k/2 + 1)` // // Consequently, `2**(log2(a) / 2)` is a good first approximation of `sqrt(a)` with at least 1 correct bit. uint256 result = 1 << (log2(a) >> 1); // At this point `result` is an estimation with one bit of precision. We know the true value is a uint128, // since it is the square root of a uint256. Newton's method converges quadratically (precision doubles at // every iteration). We thus need at most 7 iteration to turn our partial result with one bit of precision // into the expected uint128 result. unchecked { result = (result + a / result) >> 1; result = (result + a / result) >> 1; result = (result + a / result) >> 1; result = (result + a / result) >> 1; result = (result + a / result) >> 1; result = (result + a / result) >> 1; result = (result + a / result) >> 1; return min(result, a / result); } } /** * @notice Calculates sqrt(a), following the selected rounding direction. */ function sqrt(uint256 a, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) { unchecked { uint256 result = sqrt(a); return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && result * result < a ? 1 : 0); } } /** * @dev Return the log in base 2, rounded down, of a positive value. * Returns 0 if given 0. */ function log2(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) { uint256 result = 0; unchecked { if (value >> 128 > 0) { value >>= 128; result += 128; } if (value >> 64 > 0) { value >>= 64; result += 64; } if (value >> 32 > 0) { value >>= 32; result += 32; } if (value >> 16 > 0) { value >>= 16; result += 16; } if (value >> 8 > 0) { value >>= 8; result += 8; } if (value >> 4 > 0) { value >>= 4; result += 4; } if (value >> 2 > 0) { value >>= 2; result += 2; } if (value >> 1 > 0) { result += 1; } } return result; } /** * @dev Return the log in base 2, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value. * Returns 0 if given 0. */ function log2(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) { unchecked { uint256 result = log2(value); return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && 1 << result < value ? 1 : 0); } } /** * @dev Return the log in base 10, rounded down, of a positive value. * Returns 0 if given 0. */ function log10(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) { uint256 result = 0; unchecked { if (value >= 10 ** 64) { value /= 10 ** 64; result += 64; } if (value >= 10 ** 32) { value /= 10 ** 32; result += 32; } if (value >= 10 ** 16) { value /= 10 ** 16; result += 16; } if (value >= 10 ** 8) { value /= 10 ** 8; result += 8; } if (value >= 10 ** 4) { value /= 10 ** 4; result += 4; } if (value >= 10 ** 2) { value /= 10 ** 2; result += 2; } if (value >= 10 ** 1) { result += 1; } } return result; } /** * @dev Return the log in base 10, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value. * Returns 0 if given 0. */ function log10(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) { unchecked { uint256 result = log10(value); return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && 10 ** result < value ? 1 : 0); } } /** * @dev Return the log in base 256, rounded down, of a positive value. * Returns 0 if given 0. * * Adding one to the result gives the number of pairs of hex symbols needed to represent `value` as a hex string. */ function log256(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) { uint256 result = 0; unchecked { if (value >> 128 > 0) { value >>= 128; result += 16; } if (value >> 64 > 0) { value >>= 64; result += 8; } if (value >> 32 > 0) { value >>= 32; result += 4; } if (value >> 16 > 0) { value >>= 16; result += 2; } if (value >> 8 > 0) { result += 1; } } return result; } /** * @dev Return the log in base 256, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value. * Returns 0 if given 0. */ function log256(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) { unchecked { uint256 result = log256(value); return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && 1 << (result << 3) < value ? 1 : 0); } } }
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.8.0) (utils/math/SignedMath.sol) pragma solidity ^0.8.0; /** * @dev Standard signed math utilities missing in the Solidity language. */ library SignedMath { /** * @dev Returns the largest of two signed numbers. */ function max(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) { return a > b ? a : b; } /** * @dev Returns the smallest of two signed numbers. */ function min(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) { return a < b ? a : b; } /** * @dev Returns the average of two signed numbers without overflow. * The result is rounded towards zero. */ function average(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) { // Formula from the book "Hacker's Delight" int256 x = (a & b) + ((a ^ b) >> 1); return x + (int256(uint256(x) >> 255) & (a ^ b)); } /** * @dev Returns the absolute unsigned value of a signed value. */ function abs(int256 n) internal pure returns (uint256) { unchecked { // must be unchecked in order to support `n = type(int256).min` return uint256(n >= 0 ? n : -n); } } }
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT // OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/introspection/IERC165.sol) pragma solidity ^0.8.0; /** * @dev Interface of the ERC165 standard, as defined in the * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165[EIP]. * * Implementers can declare support of contract interfaces, which can then be * queried by others ({ERC165Checker}). * * For an implementation, see {ERC165}. */ interface IERC165 { /** * @dev Returns true if this contract implements the interface defined by * `interfaceId`. See the corresponding * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165#how-interfaces-are-identified[EIP section] * to learn more about how these ids are created. * * This function call must use less than 30 000 gas. */ function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) external view returns (bool); }
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT pragma solidity >=0.8.19; import "../Common.sol" as Common; import "./Errors.sol" as CastingErrors; import { SD59x18 } from "../sd59x18/ValueType.sol"; import { UD2x18 } from "../ud2x18/ValueType.sol"; import { UD60x18 } from "../ud60x18/ValueType.sol"; import { SD1x18 } from "./ValueType.sol"; /// @notice Casts an SD1x18 number into SD59x18. /// @dev There is no overflow check because the domain of SD1x18 is a subset of SD59x18. function intoSD59x18(SD1x18 x) pure returns (SD59x18 result) { result = SD59x18.wrap(int256(SD1x18.unwrap(x))); } /// @notice Casts an SD1x18 number into UD2x18. /// - x must be positive. function intoUD2x18(SD1x18 x) pure returns (UD2x18 result) { int64 xInt = SD1x18.unwrap(x); if (xInt < 0) { revert CastingErrors.PRBMath_SD1x18_ToUD2x18_Underflow(x); } result = UD2x18.wrap(uint64(xInt)); } /// @notice Casts an SD1x18 number into UD60x18. /// @dev Requirements: /// - x must be positive. function intoUD60x18(SD1x18 x) pure returns (UD60x18 result) { int64 xInt = SD1x18.unwrap(x); if (xInt < 0) { revert CastingErrors.PRBMath_SD1x18_ToUD60x18_Underflow(x); } result = UD60x18.wrap(uint64(xInt)); } /// @notice Casts an SD1x18 number into uint256. /// @dev Requirements: /// - x must be positive. function intoUint256(SD1x18 x) pure returns (uint256 result) { int64 xInt = SD1x18.unwrap(x); if (xInt < 0) { revert CastingErrors.PRBMath_SD1x18_ToUint256_Underflow(x); } result = uint256(uint64(xInt)); } /// @notice Casts an SD1x18 number into uint128. /// @dev Requirements: /// - x must be positive. function intoUint128(SD1x18 x) pure returns (uint128 result) { int64 xInt = SD1x18.unwrap(x); if (xInt < 0) { revert CastingErrors.PRBMath_SD1x18_ToUint128_Underflow(x); } result = uint128(uint64(xInt)); } /// @notice Casts an SD1x18 number into uint40. /// @dev Requirements: /// - x must be positive. /// - x must be less than or equal to `MAX_UINT40`. function intoUint40(SD1x18 x) pure returns (uint40 result) { int64 xInt = SD1x18.unwrap(x); if (xInt < 0) { revert CastingErrors.PRBMath_SD1x18_ToUint40_Underflow(x); } if (xInt > int64(uint64(Common.MAX_UINT40))) { revert CastingErrors.PRBMath_SD1x18_ToUint40_Overflow(x); } result = uint40(uint64(xInt)); } /// @notice Alias for {wrap}. function sd1x18(int64 x) pure returns (SD1x18 result) { result = SD1x18.wrap(x); } /// @notice Unwraps an SD1x18 number into int64. function unwrap(SD1x18 x) pure returns (int64 result) { result = SD1x18.unwrap(x); } /// @notice Wraps an int64 number into SD1x18. function wrap(int64 x) pure returns (SD1x18 result) { result = SD1x18.wrap(x); }
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT pragma solidity >=0.8.19; import "../Common.sol" as Common; import "./Errors.sol" as Errors; import { uMAX_SD1x18 } from "../sd1x18/Constants.sol"; import { SD1x18 } from "../sd1x18/ValueType.sol"; import { SD59x18 } from "../sd59x18/ValueType.sol"; import { UD60x18 } from "../ud60x18/ValueType.sol"; import { UD2x18 } from "./ValueType.sol"; /// @notice Casts a UD2x18 number into SD1x18. /// - x must be less than or equal to `uMAX_SD1x18`. function intoSD1x18(UD2x18 x) pure returns (SD1x18 result) { uint64 xUint = UD2x18.unwrap(x); if (xUint > uint64(uMAX_SD1x18)) { revert Errors.PRBMath_UD2x18_IntoSD1x18_Overflow(x); } result = SD1x18.wrap(int64(xUint)); } /// @notice Casts a UD2x18 number into SD59x18. /// @dev There is no overflow check because the domain of UD2x18 is a subset of SD59x18. function intoSD59x18(UD2x18 x) pure returns (SD59x18 result) { result = SD59x18.wrap(int256(uint256(UD2x18.unwrap(x)))); } /// @notice Casts a UD2x18 number into UD60x18. /// @dev There is no overflow check because the domain of UD2x18 is a subset of UD60x18. function intoUD60x18(UD2x18 x) pure returns (UD60x18 result) { result = UD60x18.wrap(UD2x18.unwrap(x)); } /// @notice Casts a UD2x18 number into uint128. /// @dev There is no overflow check because the domain of UD2x18 is a subset of uint128. function intoUint128(UD2x18 x) pure returns (uint128 result) { result = uint128(UD2x18.unwrap(x)); } /// @notice Casts a UD2x18 number into uint256. /// @dev There is no overflow check because the domain of UD2x18 is a subset of uint256. function intoUint256(UD2x18 x) pure returns (uint256 result) { result = uint256(UD2x18.unwrap(x)); } /// @notice Casts a UD2x18 number into uint40. /// @dev Requirements: /// - x must be less than or equal to `MAX_UINT40`. function intoUint40(UD2x18 x) pure returns (uint40 result) { uint64 xUint = UD2x18.unwrap(x); if (xUint > uint64(Common.MAX_UINT40)) { revert Errors.PRBMath_UD2x18_IntoUint40_Overflow(x); } result = uint40(xUint); } /// @notice Alias for {wrap}. function ud2x18(uint64 x) pure returns (UD2x18 result) { result = UD2x18.wrap(x); } /// @notice Unwrap a UD2x18 number into uint64. function unwrap(UD2x18 x) pure returns (uint64 result) { result = UD2x18.unwrap(x); } /// @notice Wraps a uint64 number into UD2x18. function wrap(uint64 x) pure returns (UD2x18 result) { result = UD2x18.wrap(x); }
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT pragma solidity >=0.8.19; import { SD1x18 } from "./ValueType.sol"; /// @notice Thrown when trying to cast a SD1x18 number that doesn't fit in UD2x18. error PRBMath_SD1x18_ToUD2x18_Underflow(SD1x18 x); /// @notice Thrown when trying to cast a SD1x18 number that doesn't fit in UD60x18. error PRBMath_SD1x18_ToUD60x18_Underflow(SD1x18 x); /// @notice Thrown when trying to cast a SD1x18 number that doesn't fit in uint128. error PRBMath_SD1x18_ToUint128_Underflow(SD1x18 x); /// @notice Thrown when trying to cast a SD1x18 number that doesn't fit in uint256. error PRBMath_SD1x18_ToUint256_Underflow(SD1x18 x); /// @notice Thrown when trying to cast a SD1x18 number that doesn't fit in uint40. error PRBMath_SD1x18_ToUint40_Overflow(SD1x18 x); /// @notice Thrown when trying to cast a SD1x18 number that doesn't fit in uint40. error PRBMath_SD1x18_ToUint40_Underflow(SD1x18 x);
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT pragma solidity >=0.8.19; import { UD2x18 } from "./ValueType.sol"; /// @notice Thrown when trying to cast a UD2x18 number that doesn't fit in SD1x18. error PRBMath_UD2x18_IntoSD1x18_Overflow(UD2x18 x); /// @notice Thrown when trying to cast a UD2x18 number that doesn't fit in uint40. error PRBMath_UD2x18_IntoUint40_Overflow(UD2x18 x);
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Contract Security Audit
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ent","type":"address"}],"name":"available","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"amount","type":"uint256"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"role","type":"bytes32"}],"name":"getRoleAdmin","outputs":[{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"","type":"bytes32"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"role","type":"bytes32"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"index","type":"uint256"}],"name":"getRoleMember","outputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"","type":"address"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"role","type":"bytes32"}],"name":"getRoleMemberCount","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"","type":"uint256"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"role","type":"bytes32"},{"internalType":"address","name":"account","type":"address"}],"name":"grantRole","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"role","type":"bytes32"},{"internalType":"address","name":"account","type":"address"}],"name":"hasRole","outputs":[{"internalType":"bool","name":"","type":"bool"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"recipient","type":"address"}],"name":"release","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"release","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"role","type":"bytes32"},{"internalType":"address","name":"account","type":"address"}],"name":"renounceRole","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"role","type":"bytes32"},{"internalType":"address","name":"account","type":"address"}],"name":"revokeRole","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"","type":"address"}],"name":"schedules","outputs":[{"internalType":"UD60x18","name":"value","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"UD60x18","name":"released","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"startTime","type":"uint256"},{"components":[{"internalType":"SD59x18","name":"k","type":"int256"},{"internalType":"SD59x18","name":"negC","type":"int256"}],"internalType":"struct Sigmoid.PortalCurve","name":"curve","type":"tuple"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"contract IERC20","name":"token_","type":"address"}],"name":"setToken","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"bytes4","name":"interfaceId","type":"bytes4"}],"name":"supportsInterface","outputs":[{"internalType":"bool","name":"","type":"bool"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"token","outputs":[{"internalType":"contract IERC20","name":"","type":"address"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"}]
Contract Creation Code
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Constructor Arguments (ABI-Encoded and is the last bytes of the Contract Creation Code above)
0000000000000000000000008ad58cce02c62765a6211cccf9a86d67c02bcb2a
-----Decoded View---------------
Arg [0] : admin (address): 0x8AD58ccE02C62765A6211cCCF9A86d67C02Bcb2a
-----Encoded View---------------
1 Constructor Arguments found :
Arg [0] : 0000000000000000000000008ad58cce02c62765a6211cccf9a86d67c02bcb2a
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Multichain Portfolio | 26 Chains
Chain | Token | Portfolio % | Price | Amount | Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ETH | 100.00% | $0.491404 | 296,511,810.2363 | $145,707,120.21 |
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A contract address hosts a smart contract, which is a set of code stored on the blockchain that runs when predetermined conditions are met. Learn more about addresses in our Knowledge Base.