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// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity 0.8.24;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/cryptography/SignatureChecker.sol";
import "../../common/EssentialContract.sol";
import "../../common/LibStrings.sol";
import "../../libs/LibAddress.sol";
import "../ITaikoL1.sol";
import "./IHook.sol";

/// @title AssignmentHook
/// @notice A hook that handles prover assignment verification and fee processing.
/// @custom:security-contact [email protected]
contract AssignmentHook is EssentialContract, IHook {
    using LibAddress for address;
    using SignatureChecker for address;
    using SafeERC20 for IERC20;

    struct ProverAssignment {
        address feeToken;
        uint64 expiry;
        uint64 maxBlockId;
        uint64 maxProposedIn;
        bytes32 metaHash;
        bytes32 parentMetaHash;
        TaikoData.TierFee[] tierFees;
        bytes signature;
    }

    struct Input {
        ProverAssignment assignment;
        uint256 tip; // A tip to L1 block builder
    }

    event EtherPaymentFailed(address to, uint256 maxGas);

    /// @notice Max gas paying the prover.
    /// @dev This should be large enough to prevent the worst cases for the prover.
    /// To assure a trustless relationship between the proposer and the prover it's
    /// the prover's job to make sure it can get paid within this limit.
    uint256 public constant MAX_GAS_PAYING_PROVER = 50_000;

    uint256[50] private __gap;

    error HOOK_ASSIGNMENT_EXPIRED();
    error HOOK_ASSIGNMENT_INVALID_SIG();
    error HOOK_TIER_NOT_FOUND();

    /// @notice Initializes the contract.
    /// @param _owner The owner of this contract. msg.sender will be used if this value is zero.
    /// @param _addressManager The address of the {AddressManager} contract.
    function init(address _owner, address _addressManager) external initializer {
        __Essential_init(_owner, _addressManager);
    }

    /// @inheritdoc IHook
    function onBlockProposed(
        TaikoData.Block calldata _blk,
        TaikoData.BlockMetadata calldata _meta,
        bytes calldata _data
    )
        external
        payable
        onlyFromNamed(LibStrings.B_TAIKO)
        nonReentrant
    {
        // Note that
        // - 'msg.sender' is the TaikoL1 contract address
        // - 'block.coinbase' is the L1 block builder
        // - 'meta.coinbase' is the L2 block proposer (chosen by block's proposer)

        Input memory input = abi.decode(_data, (Input));
        ProverAssignment memory assignment = input.assignment;

        // Check assignment validity
        if (
            block.timestamp > assignment.expiry
                || assignment.metaHash != 0 && _blk.metaHash != assignment.metaHash
                || assignment.parentMetaHash != 0 && _meta.parentMetaHash != assignment.parentMetaHash
                || assignment.maxBlockId != 0 && _meta.id > assignment.maxBlockId
                || assignment.maxProposedIn != 0 && block.number > assignment.maxProposedIn
        ) {
            revert HOOK_ASSIGNMENT_EXPIRED();
        }

        // Hash the assignment with the blobHash, this hash will be signed by
        // the prover, therefore, we add a string as a prefix.

        // msg.sender is taikoL1Address
        bytes32 hash = hashAssignment(
            assignment, msg.sender, _meta.sender, _blk.assignedProver, _meta.blobHash
        );

        if (!_blk.assignedProver.isValidSignatureNow(hash, assignment.signature)) {
            revert HOOK_ASSIGNMENT_INVALID_SIG();
        }

        // Send the liveness bond to the Taiko contract
        IERC20 tko = IERC20(resolve(LibStrings.B_TAIKO_TOKEN, false));

        // Note that we don't have to worry about
        // https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#arbitrary-from-in-transferfrom
        // as `assignedProver` has provided a signature above to authorize this hook.
        tko.safeTransferFrom(_blk.assignedProver, msg.sender, _blk.livenessBond);

        // Find the prover fee using the minimal tier
        uint256 proverFee = _getProverFee(assignment.tierFees, _meta.minTier);

        // The proposer irrevocably pays a fee to the assigned prover, either in
        // Ether or ERC20 tokens.
        if (assignment.feeToken == address(0)) {
            // Paying Ether even when proverFee is 0 to trigger a potential receive() function call.
            // Note that this payment may fail if it cost more gas
            bool success = _blk.assignedProver.sendEther(proverFee, MAX_GAS_PAYING_PROVER, "");
            if (!success) emit EtherPaymentFailed(_blk.assignedProver, MAX_GAS_PAYING_PROVER);
        } else if (proverFee != 0 && _meta.sender != _blk.assignedProver) {
            // Paying ERC20 tokens
            IERC20(assignment.feeToken).safeTransferFrom(
                _meta.sender, _blk.assignedProver, proverFee
            );
        }

        // block.coinbase can be address(0) in tests
        if (input.tip != 0 && block.coinbase != address(0)) {
            address(block.coinbase).sendEtherAndVerify(input.tip);
        }

        // Send all remaining Ether back to TaikoL1 contract
        if (address(this).balance != 0) {
            msg.sender.sendEtherAndVerify(address(this).balance);
        }
    }

    /// @notice Hashes the prover assignment.
    /// @param _assignment The prover assignment.
    /// @param _taikoL1Address The address of the TaikoL1 contract.
    /// @param _blockProposer The block proposer address.
    /// @param _assignedProver The assigned prover address.
    /// @param _blobHash The blob hash.
    /// @return The hash of the prover assignment.
    function hashAssignment(
        ProverAssignment memory _assignment,
        address _taikoL1Address,
        address _blockProposer,
        address _assignedProver,
        bytes32 _blobHash
    )
        public
        view
        returns (bytes32)
    {
        // split up into two parts otherwise stack is too deep
        bytes32 hash = keccak256(
            abi.encode(
                _assignment.metaHash,
                _assignment.parentMetaHash,
                _assignment.feeToken,
                _assignment.expiry,
                _assignment.maxBlockId,
                _assignment.maxProposedIn,
                _assignment.tierFees
            )
        );

        return keccak256(
            abi.encodePacked(
                LibStrings.B_PROVER_ASSIGNMENT,
                ITaikoL1(_taikoL1Address).getConfig().chainId,
                _taikoL1Address,
                _blockProposer,
                _assignedProver,
                _blobHash,
                hash,
                address(this)
            )
        );
    }

    function _getProverFee(
        TaikoData.TierFee[] memory _tierFees,
        uint16 _tierId
    )
        private
        pure
        returns (uint256)
    {
        for (uint256 i; i < _tierFees.length; ++i) {
            if (_tierFees[i].tier == _tierId) return _tierFees[i].fee;
        }
        revert HOOK_TIER_NOT_FOUND();
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (token/ERC20/IERC20.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC20 standard as defined in the EIP.
 */
interface IERC20 {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens are moved from one account (`from`) to
     * another (`to`).
     *
     * Note that `value` may be zero.
     */
    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the allowance of a `spender` for an `owner` is set by
     * a call to {approve}. `value` is the new allowance.
     */
    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens in existence.
     */
    function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens owned by `account`.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from the caller's account to `to`.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transfer(address to, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remaining number of tokens that `spender` will be
     * allowed to spend on behalf of `owner` through {transferFrom}. This is
     * zero by default.
     *
     * This value changes when {approve} or {transferFrom} are called.
     */
    function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the caller's tokens.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk
     * that someone may use both the old and the new allowance by unfortunate
     * transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this race
     * condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the
     * desired value afterwards:
     * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     */
    function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from `from` to `to` using the
     * allowance mechanism. `amount` is then deducted from the caller's
     * allowance.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.3) (token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../IERC20.sol";
import "../extensions/IERC20Permit.sol";
import "../../../utils/Address.sol";

/**
 * @title SafeERC20
 * @dev Wrappers around ERC20 operations that throw on failure (when the token
 * contract returns false). Tokens that return no value (and instead revert or
 * throw on failure) are also supported, non-reverting calls are assumed to be
 * successful.
 * To use this library you can add a `using SafeERC20 for IERC20;` statement to your contract,
 * which allows you to call the safe operations as `token.safeTransfer(...)`, etc.
 */
library SafeERC20 {
    using Address for address;

    /**
     * @dev Transfer `value` amount of `token` from the calling contract to `to`. If `token` returns no value,
     * non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful.
     */
    function safeTransfer(IERC20 token, address to, uint256 value) internal {
        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.transfer.selector, to, value));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfer `value` amount of `token` from `from` to `to`, spending the approval given by `from` to the
     * calling contract. If `token` returns no value, non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(IERC20 token, address from, address to, uint256 value) internal {
        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.transferFrom.selector, from, to, value));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Deprecated. This function has issues similar to the ones found in
     * {IERC20-approve}, and its usage is discouraged.
     *
     * Whenever possible, use {safeIncreaseAllowance} and
     * {safeDecreaseAllowance} instead.
     */
    function safeApprove(IERC20 token, address spender, uint256 value) internal {
        // safeApprove should only be called when setting an initial allowance,
        // or when resetting it to zero. To increase and decrease it, use
        // 'safeIncreaseAllowance' and 'safeDecreaseAllowance'
        require(
            (value == 0) || (token.allowance(address(this), spender) == 0),
            "SafeERC20: approve from non-zero to non-zero allowance"
        );
        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, value));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Increase the calling contract's allowance toward `spender` by `value`. If `token` returns no value,
     * non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful.
     */
    function safeIncreaseAllowance(IERC20 token, address spender, uint256 value) internal {
        uint256 oldAllowance = token.allowance(address(this), spender);
        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, oldAllowance + value));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Decrease the calling contract's allowance toward `spender` by `value`. If `token` returns no value,
     * non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful.
     */
    function safeDecreaseAllowance(IERC20 token, address spender, uint256 value) internal {
        unchecked {
            uint256 oldAllowance = token.allowance(address(this), spender);
            require(oldAllowance >= value, "SafeERC20: decreased allowance below zero");
            _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, oldAllowance - value));
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Set the calling contract's allowance toward `spender` to `value`. If `token` returns no value,
     * non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful. Meant to be used with tokens that require the approval
     * to be set to zero before setting it to a non-zero value, such as USDT.
     */
    function forceApprove(IERC20 token, address spender, uint256 value) internal {
        bytes memory approvalCall = abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, value);

        if (!_callOptionalReturnBool(token, approvalCall)) {
            _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, 0));
            _callOptionalReturn(token, approvalCall);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Use a ERC-2612 signature to set the `owner` approval toward `spender` on `token`.
     * Revert on invalid signature.
     */
    function safePermit(
        IERC20Permit token,
        address owner,
        address spender,
        uint256 value,
        uint256 deadline,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) internal {
        uint256 nonceBefore = token.nonces(owner);
        token.permit(owner, spender, value, deadline, v, r, s);
        uint256 nonceAfter = token.nonces(owner);
        require(nonceAfter == nonceBefore + 1, "SafeERC20: permit did not succeed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Imitates a Solidity high-level call (i.e. a regular function call to a contract), relaxing the requirement
     * on the return value: the return value is optional (but if data is returned, it must not be false).
     * @param token The token targeted by the call.
     * @param data The call data (encoded using abi.encode or one of its variants).
     */
    function _callOptionalReturn(IERC20 token, bytes memory data) private {
        // We need to perform a low level call here, to bypass Solidity's return data size checking mechanism, since
        // we're implementing it ourselves. We use {Address-functionCall} to perform this call, which verifies that
        // the target address contains contract code and also asserts for success in the low-level call.

        bytes memory returndata = address(token).functionCall(data, "SafeERC20: low-level call failed");
        require(returndata.length == 0 || abi.decode(returndata, (bool)), "SafeERC20: ERC20 operation did not succeed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Imitates a Solidity high-level call (i.e. a regular function call to a contract), relaxing the requirement
     * on the return value: the return value is optional (but if data is returned, it must not be false).
     * @param token The token targeted by the call.
     * @param data The call data (encoded using abi.encode or one of its variants).
     *
     * This is a variant of {_callOptionalReturn} that silents catches all reverts and returns a bool instead.
     */
    function _callOptionalReturnBool(IERC20 token, bytes memory data) private returns (bool) {
        // We need to perform a low level call here, to bypass Solidity's return data size checking mechanism, since
        // we're implementing it ourselves. We cannot use {Address-functionCall} here since this should return false
        // and not revert is the subcall reverts.

        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = address(token).call(data);
        return
            success && (returndata.length == 0 || abi.decode(returndata, (bool))) && Address.isContract(address(token));
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/cryptography/SignatureChecker.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./ECDSA.sol";
import "../../interfaces/IERC1271.sol";

/**
 * @dev Signature verification helper that can be used instead of `ECDSA.recover` to seamlessly support both ECDSA
 * signatures from externally owned accounts (EOAs) as well as ERC1271 signatures from smart contract wallets like
 * Argent and Gnosis Safe.
 *
 * _Available since v4.1._
 */
library SignatureChecker {
    /**
     * @dev Checks if a signature is valid for a given signer and data hash. If the signer is a smart contract, the
     * signature is validated against that smart contract using ERC1271, otherwise it's validated using `ECDSA.recover`.
     *
     * NOTE: Unlike ECDSA signatures, contract signatures are revocable, and the outcome of this function can thus
     * change through time. It could return true at block N and false at block N+1 (or the opposite).
     */
    function isValidSignatureNow(address signer, bytes32 hash, bytes memory signature) internal view returns (bool) {
        (address recovered, ECDSA.RecoverError error) = ECDSA.tryRecover(hash, signature);
        return
            (error == ECDSA.RecoverError.NoError && recovered == signer) ||
            isValidERC1271SignatureNow(signer, hash, signature);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Checks if a signature is valid for a given signer and data hash. The signature is validated
     * against the signer smart contract using ERC1271.
     *
     * NOTE: Unlike ECDSA signatures, contract signatures are revocable, and the outcome of this function can thus
     * change through time. It could return true at block N and false at block N+1 (or the opposite).
     */
    function isValidERC1271SignatureNow(
        address signer,
        bytes32 hash,
        bytes memory signature
    ) internal view returns (bool) {
        (bool success, bytes memory result) = signer.staticcall(
            abi.encodeWithSelector(IERC1271.isValidSignature.selector, hash, signature)
        );
        return (success &&
            result.length >= 32 &&
            abi.decode(result, (bytes32)) == bytes32(IERC1271.isValidSignature.selector));
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity 0.8.24;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/proxy/utils/UUPSUpgradeable.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/access/Ownable2StepUpgradeable.sol";
import "./AddressResolver.sol";
import "../libs/LibNetwork.sol";

/// @title EssentialContract
/// @custom:security-contact [email protected]
abstract contract EssentialContract is UUPSUpgradeable, Ownable2StepUpgradeable, AddressResolver {
    uint8 private constant _FALSE = 1;

    uint8 private constant _TRUE = 2;

    /// @dev The slot in transient storage of the reentry lock.
    /// This is the result of keccak256("ownerUUPS.reentry_slot") plus 1. The addition aims to
    /// prevent hash collisions with slots defined in EIP-1967, where slots are derived by
    /// keccak256("something") - 1, and with slots in SignalService, calculated directly with
    /// keccak256("something").
    bytes32 private constant _REENTRY_SLOT =
        0xa5054f728453d3dbe953bdc43e4d0cb97e662ea32d7958190f3dc2da31d9721b;

    /// @dev Slot 1.
    uint8 private __reentry;
    uint8 private __paused;
    uint64 public lastUnpausedAt;

    uint256[49] private __gap;

    /// @notice Emitted when the contract is paused.
    /// @param account The account that paused the contract.
    event Paused(address account);

    /// @notice Emitted when the contract is unpaused.
    /// @param account The account that unpaused the contract.
    event Unpaused(address account);

    error INVALID_PAUSE_STATUS();
    error FUNC_NOT_IMPLEMENTED();
    error REENTRANT_CALL();
    error ZERO_ADDRESS();
    error ZERO_VALUE();

    /// @dev Modifier that ensures the caller is the owner or resolved address of a given name.
    /// @param _name The name to check against.
    modifier onlyFromOwnerOrNamed(bytes32 _name) {
        if (msg.sender != owner() && msg.sender != resolve(_name, true)) revert RESOLVER_DENIED();
        _;
    }

    modifier notImplemented() {
        revert FUNC_NOT_IMPLEMENTED();
        _;
    }

    modifier nonReentrant() {
        if (_loadReentryLock() == _TRUE) revert REENTRANT_CALL();
        _storeReentryLock(_TRUE);
        _;
        _storeReentryLock(_FALSE);
    }

    modifier whenPaused() {
        if (!paused()) revert INVALID_PAUSE_STATUS();
        _;
    }

    modifier whenNotPaused() {
        if (paused()) revert INVALID_PAUSE_STATUS();
        _;
    }

    modifier nonZeroAddr(address _addr) {
        if (_addr == address(0)) revert ZERO_ADDRESS();
        _;
    }

    modifier nonZeroValue(bytes32 _value) {
        if (_value == 0) revert ZERO_VALUE();
        _;
    }

    /// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow constructor
    constructor() {
        _disableInitializers();
    }

    /// @notice Pauses the contract.
    function pause() public virtual {
        _pause();
        // We call the authorize function here to avoid:
        // Warning (5740): Unreachable code.
        _authorizePause(msg.sender, true);
    }

    /// @notice Unpauses the contract.
    function unpause() public virtual {
        _unpause();
        // We call the authorize function here to avoid:
        // Warning (5740): Unreachable code.
        _authorizePause(msg.sender, false);
    }

    function impl() public view returns (address) {
        return _getImplementation();
    }

    /// @notice Returns true if the contract is paused, and false otherwise.
    /// @return true if paused, false otherwise.
    function paused() public view returns (bool) {
        return __paused == _TRUE;
    }

    function inNonReentrant() public view returns (bool) {
        return _loadReentryLock() == _TRUE;
    }

    /// @notice Initializes the contract.
    /// @param _owner The owner of this contract. msg.sender will be used if this value is zero.
    /// @param _addressManager The address of the {AddressManager} contract.
    function __Essential_init(
        address _owner,
        address _addressManager
    )
        internal
        nonZeroAddr(_addressManager)
    {
        __Essential_init(_owner);
        __AddressResolver_init(_addressManager);
    }

    function __Essential_init(address _owner) internal virtual onlyInitializing {
        __Context_init();
        _transferOwnership(_owner == address(0) ? msg.sender : _owner);
        __paused = _FALSE;
    }

    function _pause() internal whenNotPaused {
        __paused = _TRUE;
        emit Paused(msg.sender);
    }

    function _unpause() internal whenPaused {
        __paused = _FALSE;
        lastUnpausedAt = uint64(block.timestamp);
        emit Unpaused(msg.sender);
    }

    function _authorizeUpgrade(address) internal virtual override onlyOwner { }

    function _authorizePause(address, bool) internal virtual onlyOwner { }

    // Stores the reentry lock
    function _storeReentryLock(uint8 _reentry) internal virtual {
        if (LibNetwork.isDencunSupported(block.chainid)) {
            assembly {
                tstore(_REENTRY_SLOT, _reentry)
            }
        } else {
            __reentry = _reentry;
        }
    }

    // Loads the reentry lock
    function _loadReentryLock() internal view virtual returns (uint8 reentry_) {
        if (LibNetwork.isDencunSupported(block.chainid)) {
            assembly {
                reentry_ := tload(_REENTRY_SLOT)
            }
        } else {
            reentry_ = __reentry;
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity 0.8.24;

/// @title LibStrings
/// @custom:security-contact [email protected]
library LibStrings {
    bytes32 internal constant B_AUTOMATA_DCAP_ATTESTATION = bytes32("automata_dcap_attestation");
    bytes32 internal constant B_BRIDGE = bytes32("bridge");
    bytes32 internal constant B_BRIDGE_WATCHDOG = bytes32("bridge_watchdog");
    bytes32 internal constant B_BRIDGED_ERC1155 = bytes32("bridged_erc1155");
    bytes32 internal constant B_BRIDGED_ERC20 = bytes32("bridged_erc20");
    bytes32 internal constant B_BRIDGED_ERC721 = bytes32("bridged_erc721");
    bytes32 internal constant B_CHAIN_WATCHDOG = bytes32("chain_watchdog");
    bytes32 internal constant B_ERC1155_VAULT = bytes32("erc1155_vault");
    bytes32 internal constant B_ERC20_VAULT = bytes32("erc20_vault");
    bytes32 internal constant B_ERC721_VAULT = bytes32("erc721_vault");
    bytes32 internal constant B_PROVER_ASSIGNMENT = bytes32("PROVER_ASSIGNMENT");
    bytes32 internal constant B_PROVER_SET = bytes32("prover_set");
    bytes32 internal constant B_QUOTA_MANAGER = bytes32("quota_manager");
    bytes32 internal constant B_SGX_WATCHDOG = bytes32("sgx_watchdog");
    bytes32 internal constant B_SIGNAL_SERVICE = bytes32("signal_service");
    bytes32 internal constant B_TAIKO = bytes32("taiko");
    bytes32 internal constant B_TAIKO_TOKEN = bytes32("taiko_token");
    bytes32 internal constant B_TIER_GUARDIAN = bytes32("tier_guardian");
    bytes32 internal constant B_TIER_GUARDIAN_MINORITY = bytes32("tier_guardian_minority");
    bytes32 internal constant B_TIER_ROUTER = bytes32("tier_router");
    bytes32 internal constant B_TIER_SGX = bytes32("tier_sgx");
    bytes32 internal constant B_TIER_SGX_ZKVM = bytes32("tier_sgx_zkvm");
    bytes32 internal constant B_WITHDRAWER = bytes32("withdrawer");
    bytes32 internal constant H_RETURN_LIVENESS_BOND = keccak256("RETURN_LIVENESS_BOND");
    bytes32 internal constant H_SIGNAL_ROOT = keccak256("SIGNAL_ROOT");
    bytes32 internal constant H_STATE_ROOT = keccak256("STATE_ROOT");
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity 0.8.24;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Address.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/introspection/IERC165.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/interfaces/IERC1271.sol";

/// @title LibAddress
/// @dev Provides utilities for address-related operations.
/// @custom:security-contact [email protected]
library LibAddress {
    error ETH_TRANSFER_FAILED();

    /// @dev Sends Ether to the specified address. This method will not revert even if sending ether
    /// fails.
    /// This function is inspired by
    /// https://github.com/nomad-xyz/ExcessivelySafeCall/blob/main/src/ExcessivelySafeCall.sol
    /// @param _to The recipient address.
    /// @param _amount The amount of Ether to send in wei.
    /// @param _gasLimit The max amount gas to pay for this transaction.
    /// @return success_ true if the call is successful, false otherwise.
    function sendEther(
        address _to,
        uint256 _amount,
        uint256 _gasLimit,
        bytes memory _calldata
    )
        internal
        returns (bool success_)
    {
        // Check for zero-address transactions
        if (_to == address(0)) revert ETH_TRANSFER_FAILED();
        // dispatch message to recipient
        // by assembly calling "handle" function
        // we call via assembly to avoid memcopying a very large returndata
        // returned by a malicious contract
        assembly {
            success_ :=
                call(
                    _gasLimit, // gas
                    _to, // recipient
                    _amount, // ether value
                    add(_calldata, 0x20), // inloc
                    mload(_calldata), // inlen
                    0, // outloc
                    0 // outlen
                )
        }
    }

    /// @dev Sends Ether to the specified address. This method will revert if sending ether fails.
    /// @param _to The recipient address.
    /// @param _amount The amount of Ether to send in wei.
    /// @param _gasLimit The max amount gas to pay for this transaction.
    function sendEtherAndVerify(address _to, uint256 _amount, uint256 _gasLimit) internal {
        if (_amount == 0) return;
        if (!sendEther(_to, _amount, _gasLimit, "")) {
            revert ETH_TRANSFER_FAILED();
        }
    }

    /// @dev Sends Ether to the specified address. This method will revert if sending ether fails.
    /// @param _to The recipient address.
    /// @param _amount The amount of Ether to send in wei.
    function sendEtherAndVerify(address _to, uint256 _amount) internal {
        sendEtherAndVerify(_to, _amount, gasleft());
    }

    function supportsInterface(
        address _addr,
        bytes4 _interfaceId
    )
        internal
        view
        returns (bool result_)
    {
        if (!Address.isContract(_addr)) return false;

        try IERC165(_addr).supportsInterface(_interfaceId) returns (bool _result) {
            result_ = _result;
        } catch { }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity 0.8.24;

import "./TaikoData.sol";

/// @title ITaikoL1
/// @custom:security-contact [email protected]
interface ITaikoL1 {
    /// @notice Proposes a Taiko L2 block.
    /// @param _params Block parameters, currently an encoded BlockParams object.
    /// @param _txList txList data if calldata is used for DA.
    /// @return meta_ The metadata of the proposed L2 block.
    /// @return deposits_ The Ether deposits processed.
    function proposeBlock(
        bytes calldata _params,
        bytes calldata _txList
    )
        external
        payable
        returns (TaikoData.BlockMetadata memory meta_, TaikoData.EthDeposit[] memory deposits_);

    /// @notice Proves or contests a block transition.
    /// @param _blockId The index of the block to prove. This is also used to
    /// select the right implementation version.
    /// @param _input An abi-encoded (TaikoData.BlockMetadata, TaikoData.Transition,
    /// TaikoData.TierProof) tuple.
    function proveBlock(uint64 _blockId, bytes calldata _input) external;

    /// @notice Verifies up to a certain number of blocks.
    /// @param _maxBlocksToVerify Max number of blocks to verify.
    function verifyBlocks(uint64 _maxBlocksToVerify) external;

    /// @notice Pause block proving.
    /// @param _pause True if paused.
    function pauseProving(bool _pause) external;

    /// @notice Gets the configuration of the TaikoL1 contract.
    /// @return Config struct containing configuration parameters.
    function getConfig() external view returns (TaikoData.Config memory);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity 0.8.24;

import "../TaikoData.sol";

/// @title IHook
/// @custom:security-contact [email protected]
interface IHook {
    /// @notice Called when a block is proposed.
    /// @param _blk The proposed block.
    /// @param _meta The metadata of the proposed block.
    /// @param _data The data of the proposed block.
    function onBlockProposed(
        TaikoData.Block calldata _blk,
        TaikoData.BlockMetadata calldata _meta,
        bytes calldata _data
    )
        external
        payable;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.4) (token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Permit.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC20 Permit extension allowing approvals to be made via signatures, as defined in
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612[EIP-2612].
 *
 * Adds the {permit} method, which can be used to change an account's ERC20 allowance (see {IERC20-allowance}) by
 * presenting a message signed by the account. By not relying on {IERC20-approve}, the token holder account doesn't
 * need to send a transaction, and thus is not required to hold Ether at all.
 *
 * ==== Security Considerations
 *
 * There are two important considerations concerning the use of `permit`. The first is that a valid permit signature
 * expresses an allowance, and it should not be assumed to convey additional meaning. In particular, it should not be
 * considered as an intention to spend the allowance in any specific way. The second is that because permits have
 * built-in replay protection and can be submitted by anyone, they can be frontrun. A protocol that uses permits should
 * take this into consideration and allow a `permit` call to fail. Combining these two aspects, a pattern that may be
 * generally recommended is:
 *
 * ```solidity
 * function doThingWithPermit(..., uint256 value, uint256 deadline, uint8 v, bytes32 r, bytes32 s) public {
 *     try token.permit(msg.sender, address(this), value, deadline, v, r, s) {} catch {}
 *     doThing(..., value);
 * }
 *
 * function doThing(..., uint256 value) public {
 *     token.safeTransferFrom(msg.sender, address(this), value);
 *     ...
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * Observe that: 1) `msg.sender` is used as the owner, leaving no ambiguity as to the signer intent, and 2) the use of
 * `try/catch` allows the permit to fail and makes the code tolerant to frontrunning. (See also
 * {SafeERC20-safeTransferFrom}).
 *
 * Additionally, note that smart contract wallets (such as Argent or Safe) are not able to produce permit signatures, so
 * contracts should have entry points that don't rely on permit.
 */
interface IERC20Permit {
    /**
     * @dev Sets `value` as the allowance of `spender` over ``owner``'s tokens,
     * given ``owner``'s signed approval.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: The same issues {IERC20-approve} has related to transaction
     * ordering also apply here.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `deadline` must be a timestamp in the future.
     * - `v`, `r` and `s` must be a valid `secp256k1` signature from `owner`
     * over the EIP712-formatted function arguments.
     * - the signature must use ``owner``'s current nonce (see {nonces}).
     *
     * For more information on the signature format, see the
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612#specification[relevant EIP
     * section].
     *
     * CAUTION: See Security Considerations above.
     */
    function permit(
        address owner,
        address spender,
        uint256 value,
        uint256 deadline,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) external;

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current nonce for `owner`. This value must be
     * included whenever a signature is generated for {permit}.
     *
     * Every successful call to {permit} increases ``owner``'s nonce by one. This
     * prevents a signature from being used multiple times.
     */
    function nonces(address owner) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the domain separator used in the encoding of the signature for {permit}, as defined by {EIP712}.
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function DOMAIN_SEPARATOR() external view returns (bytes32);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/Address.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.1;

/**
 * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
 */
library Address {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract.
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this function returns
     * false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a contract.
     *
     * Among others, `isContract` will return false for the following
     * types of addresses:
     *
     *  - an externally-owned account
     *  - a contract in construction
     *  - an address where a contract will be created
     *  - an address where a contract lived, but was destroyed
     *
     * Furthermore, `isContract` will also return true if the target contract within
     * the same transaction is already scheduled for destruction by `SELFDESTRUCT`,
     * which only has an effect at the end of a transaction.
     * ====
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * You shouldn't rely on `isContract` to protect against flash loan attacks!
     *
     * Preventing calls from contracts is highly discouraged. It breaks composability, breaks support for smart wallets
     * like Gnosis Safe, and does not provide security since it can be circumvented by calling from a contract
     * constructor.
     * ====
     */
    function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) {
        // This method relies on extcodesize/address.code.length, which returns 0
        // for contracts in construction, since the code is only stored at the end
        // of the constructor execution.

        return account.code.length > 0;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
     * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
     *
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
     * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
     * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
     * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
     *
     * https://consensys.net/diligence/blog/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
     *
     * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
     * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
     * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
     * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.8.0/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
     */
    function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
        require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Address: insufficient balance");

        (bool success, ) = recipient.call{value: amount}("");
        require(success, "Address: unable to send value, recipient may have reverted");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A
     * plain `call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this
     * function instead.
     *
     * If `target` reverts with a revert reason, it is bubbled up by this
     * function (like regular Solidity function calls).
     *
     * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value,
     * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`].
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `target` must be a contract.
     * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, "Address: low-level call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], but with
     * `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`.
     * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(address target, bytes memory data, uint256 value) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, "Address: low-level call with value failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCallWithValue-address-bytes-uint256-}[`functionCallWithValue`], but
     * with `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        uint256 value,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        require(address(this).balance >= value, "Address: insufficient balance for call");
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{value: value}(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionStaticCall(target, data, "Address: low-level static call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionDelegateCall(target, data, "Address: low-level delegate call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.delegatecall(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call to smart-contract was successful, and revert (either by bubbling
     * the revert reason or using the provided one) in case of unsuccessful call or if target was not a contract.
     *
     * _Available since v4.8._
     */
    function verifyCallResultFromTarget(
        address target,
        bool success,
        bytes memory returndata,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        if (success) {
            if (returndata.length == 0) {
                // only check isContract if the call was successful and the return data is empty
                // otherwise we already know that it was a contract
                require(isContract(target), "Address: call to non-contract");
            }
            return returndata;
        } else {
            _revert(returndata, errorMessage);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call was successful, and revert if it wasn't, either by bubbling the
     * revert reason or using the provided one.
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function verifyCallResult(
        bool success,
        bytes memory returndata,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
        if (success) {
            return returndata;
        } else {
            _revert(returndata, errorMessage);
        }
    }

    function _revert(bytes memory returndata, string memory errorMessage) private pure {
        // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present
        if (returndata.length > 0) {
            // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
                revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
            }
        } else {
            revert(errorMessage);
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/cryptography/ECDSA.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../Strings.sol";

/**
 * @dev Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA) operations.
 *
 * These functions can be used to verify that a message was signed by the holder
 * of the private keys of a given address.
 */
library ECDSA {
    enum RecoverError {
        NoError,
        InvalidSignature,
        InvalidSignatureLength,
        InvalidSignatureS,
        InvalidSignatureV // Deprecated in v4.8
    }

    function _throwError(RecoverError error) private pure {
        if (error == RecoverError.NoError) {
            return; // no error: do nothing
        } else if (error == RecoverError.InvalidSignature) {
            revert("ECDSA: invalid signature");
        } else if (error == RecoverError.InvalidSignatureLength) {
            revert("ECDSA: invalid signature length");
        } else if (error == RecoverError.InvalidSignatureS) {
            revert("ECDSA: invalid signature 's' value");
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address that signed a hashed message (`hash`) with
     * `signature` or error string. This address can then be used for verification purposes.
     *
     * The `ecrecover` EVM opcode allows for malleable (non-unique) signatures:
     * this function rejects them by requiring the `s` value to be in the lower
     * half order, and the `v` value to be either 27 or 28.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: `hash` _must_ be the result of a hash operation for the
     * verification to be secure: it is possible to craft signatures that
     * recover to arbitrary addresses for non-hashed data. A safe way to ensure
     * this is by receiving a hash of the original message (which may otherwise
     * be too long), and then calling {toEthSignedMessageHash} on it.
     *
     * Documentation for signature generation:
     * - with https://web3js.readthedocs.io/en/v1.3.4/web3-eth-accounts.html#sign[Web3.js]
     * - with https://docs.ethers.io/v5/api/signer/#Signer-signMessage[ethers]
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function tryRecover(bytes32 hash, bytes memory signature) internal pure returns (address, RecoverError) {
        if (signature.length == 65) {
            bytes32 r;
            bytes32 s;
            uint8 v;
            // ecrecover takes the signature parameters, and the only way to get them
            // currently is to use assembly.
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                r := mload(add(signature, 0x20))
                s := mload(add(signature, 0x40))
                v := byte(0, mload(add(signature, 0x60)))
            }
            return tryRecover(hash, v, r, s);
        } else {
            return (address(0), RecoverError.InvalidSignatureLength);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address that signed a hashed message (`hash`) with
     * `signature`. This address can then be used for verification purposes.
     *
     * The `ecrecover` EVM opcode allows for malleable (non-unique) signatures:
     * this function rejects them by requiring the `s` value to be in the lower
     * half order, and the `v` value to be either 27 or 28.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: `hash` _must_ be the result of a hash operation for the
     * verification to be secure: it is possible to craft signatures that
     * recover to arbitrary addresses for non-hashed data. A safe way to ensure
     * this is by receiving a hash of the original message (which may otherwise
     * be too long), and then calling {toEthSignedMessageHash} on it.
     */
    function recover(bytes32 hash, bytes memory signature) internal pure returns (address) {
        (address recovered, RecoverError error) = tryRecover(hash, signature);
        _throwError(error);
        return recovered;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-tryRecover} that receives the `r` and `vs` short-signature fields separately.
     *
     * See https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2098[EIP-2098 short signatures]
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function tryRecover(bytes32 hash, bytes32 r, bytes32 vs) internal pure returns (address, RecoverError) {
        bytes32 s = vs & bytes32(0x7fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff);
        uint8 v = uint8((uint256(vs) >> 255) + 27);
        return tryRecover(hash, v, r, s);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-recover} that receives the `r and `vs` short-signature fields separately.
     *
     * _Available since v4.2._
     */
    function recover(bytes32 hash, bytes32 r, bytes32 vs) internal pure returns (address) {
        (address recovered, RecoverError error) = tryRecover(hash, r, vs);
        _throwError(error);
        return recovered;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-tryRecover} that receives the `v`,
     * `r` and `s` signature fields separately.
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function tryRecover(bytes32 hash, uint8 v, bytes32 r, bytes32 s) internal pure returns (address, RecoverError) {
        // EIP-2 still allows signature malleability for ecrecover(). Remove this possibility and make the signature
        // unique. Appendix F in the Ethereum Yellow paper (https://ethereum.github.io/yellowpaper/paper.pdf), defines
        // the valid range for s in (301): 0 < s < secp256k1n ÷ 2 + 1, and for v in (302): v ∈ {27, 28}. Most
        // signatures from current libraries generate a unique signature with an s-value in the lower half order.
        //
        // If your library generates malleable signatures, such as s-values in the upper range, calculate a new s-value
        // with 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFEBAAEDCE6AF48A03BBFD25E8CD0364141 - s1 and flip v from 27 to 28 or
        // vice versa. If your library also generates signatures with 0/1 for v instead 27/28, add 27 to v to accept
        // these malleable signatures as well.
        if (uint256(s) > 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF5D576E7357A4501DDFE92F46681B20A0) {
            return (address(0), RecoverError.InvalidSignatureS);
        }

        // If the signature is valid (and not malleable), return the signer address
        address signer = ecrecover(hash, v, r, s);
        if (signer == address(0)) {
            return (address(0), RecoverError.InvalidSignature);
        }

        return (signer, RecoverError.NoError);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-recover} that receives the `v`,
     * `r` and `s` signature fields separately.
     */
    function recover(bytes32 hash, uint8 v, bytes32 r, bytes32 s) internal pure returns (address) {
        (address recovered, RecoverError error) = tryRecover(hash, v, r, s);
        _throwError(error);
        return recovered;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an Ethereum Signed Message, created from a `hash`. This
     * produces hash corresponding to the one signed with the
     * https://eth.wiki/json-rpc/API#eth_sign[`eth_sign`]
     * JSON-RPC method as part of EIP-191.
     *
     * See {recover}.
     */
    function toEthSignedMessageHash(bytes32 hash) internal pure returns (bytes32 message) {
        // 32 is the length in bytes of hash,
        // enforced by the type signature above
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            mstore(0x00, "\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\n32")
            mstore(0x1c, hash)
            message := keccak256(0x00, 0x3c)
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an Ethereum Signed Message, created from `s`. This
     * produces hash corresponding to the one signed with the
     * https://eth.wiki/json-rpc/API#eth_sign[`eth_sign`]
     * JSON-RPC method as part of EIP-191.
     *
     * See {recover}.
     */
    function toEthSignedMessageHash(bytes memory s) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
        return keccak256(abi.encodePacked("\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\n", Strings.toString(s.length), s));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an Ethereum Signed Typed Data, created from a
     * `domainSeparator` and a `structHash`. This produces hash corresponding
     * to the one signed with the
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712[`eth_signTypedData`]
     * JSON-RPC method as part of EIP-712.
     *
     * See {recover}.
     */
    function toTypedDataHash(bytes32 domainSeparator, bytes32 structHash) internal pure returns (bytes32 data) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            let ptr := mload(0x40)
            mstore(ptr, "\x19\x01")
            mstore(add(ptr, 0x02), domainSeparator)
            mstore(add(ptr, 0x22), structHash)
            data := keccak256(ptr, 0x42)
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an Ethereum Signed Data with intended validator, created from a
     * `validator` and `data` according to the version 0 of EIP-191.
     *
     * See {recover}.
     */
    function toDataWithIntendedValidatorHash(address validator, bytes memory data) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
        return keccak256(abi.encodePacked("\x19\x00", validator, data));
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (interfaces/IERC1271.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC1271 standard signature validation method for
 * contracts as defined in https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1271[ERC-1271].
 *
 * _Available since v4.1._
 */
interface IERC1271 {
    /**
     * @dev Should return whether the signature provided is valid for the provided data
     * @param hash      Hash of the data to be signed
     * @param signature Signature byte array associated with _data
     */
    function isValidSignature(bytes32 hash, bytes memory signature) external view returns (bytes4 magicValue);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (proxy/utils/UUPSUpgradeable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../../interfaces/draft-IERC1822.sol";
import "../ERC1967/ERC1967Upgrade.sol";

/**
 * @dev An upgradeability mechanism designed for UUPS proxies. The functions included here can perform an upgrade of an
 * {ERC1967Proxy}, when this contract is set as the implementation behind such a proxy.
 *
 * A security mechanism ensures that an upgrade does not turn off upgradeability accidentally, although this risk is
 * reinstated if the upgrade retains upgradeability but removes the security mechanism, e.g. by replacing
 * `UUPSUpgradeable` with a custom implementation of upgrades.
 *
 * The {_authorizeUpgrade} function must be overridden to include access restriction to the upgrade mechanism.
 *
 * _Available since v4.1._
 */
abstract contract UUPSUpgradeable is IERC1822Proxiable, ERC1967Upgrade {
    /// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow state-variable-immutable state-variable-assignment
    address private immutable __self = address(this);

    /**
     * @dev Check that the execution is being performed through a delegatecall call and that the execution context is
     * a proxy contract with an implementation (as defined in ERC1967) pointing to self. This should only be the case
     * for UUPS and transparent proxies that are using the current contract as their implementation. Execution of a
     * function through ERC1167 minimal proxies (clones) would not normally pass this test, but is not guaranteed to
     * fail.
     */
    modifier onlyProxy() {
        require(address(this) != __self, "Function must be called through delegatecall");
        require(_getImplementation() == __self, "Function must be called through active proxy");
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Check that the execution is not being performed through a delegate call. This allows a function to be
     * callable on the implementing contract but not through proxies.
     */
    modifier notDelegated() {
        require(address(this) == __self, "UUPSUpgradeable: must not be called through delegatecall");
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Implementation of the ERC1822 {proxiableUUID} function. This returns the storage slot used by the
     * implementation. It is used to validate the implementation's compatibility when performing an upgrade.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: A proxy pointing at a proxiable contract should not be considered proxiable itself, because this risks
     * bricking a proxy that upgrades to it, by delegating to itself until out of gas. Thus it is critical that this
     * function revert if invoked through a proxy. This is guaranteed by the `notDelegated` modifier.
     */
    function proxiableUUID() external view virtual override notDelegated returns (bytes32) {
        return _IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Upgrade the implementation of the proxy to `newImplementation`.
     *
     * Calls {_authorizeUpgrade}.
     *
     * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
     *
     * @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow-reachable delegatecall
     */
    function upgradeTo(address newImplementation) public virtual onlyProxy {
        _authorizeUpgrade(newImplementation);
        _upgradeToAndCallUUPS(newImplementation, new bytes(0), false);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Upgrade the implementation of the proxy to `newImplementation`, and subsequently execute the function call
     * encoded in `data`.
     *
     * Calls {_authorizeUpgrade}.
     *
     * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
     *
     * @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow-reachable delegatecall
     */
    function upgradeToAndCall(address newImplementation, bytes memory data) public payable virtual onlyProxy {
        _authorizeUpgrade(newImplementation);
        _upgradeToAndCallUUPS(newImplementation, data, true);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Function that should revert when `msg.sender` is not authorized to upgrade the contract. Called by
     * {upgradeTo} and {upgradeToAndCall}.
     *
     * Normally, this function will use an xref:access.adoc[access control] modifier such as {Ownable-onlyOwner}.
     *
     * ```solidity
     * function _authorizeUpgrade(address) internal override onlyOwner {}
     * ```
     */
    function _authorizeUpgrade(address newImplementation) internal virtual;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (access/Ownable2Step.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./OwnableUpgradeable.sol";
import {Initializable} from "../proxy/utils/Initializable.sol";

/**
 * @dev Contract module which provides access control mechanism, where
 * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
 * specific functions.
 *
 * By default, the owner account will be the one that deploys the contract. This
 * can later be changed with {transferOwnership} and {acceptOwnership}.
 *
 * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available all functions
 * from parent (Ownable).
 */
abstract contract Ownable2StepUpgradeable is Initializable, OwnableUpgradeable {
    address private _pendingOwner;

    event OwnershipTransferStarted(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);

    function __Ownable2Step_init() internal onlyInitializing {
        __Ownable_init_unchained();
    }

    function __Ownable2Step_init_unchained() internal onlyInitializing {
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the address of the pending owner.
     */
    function pendingOwner() public view virtual returns (address) {
        return _pendingOwner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Starts the ownership transfer of the contract to a new account. Replaces the pending transfer if there is one.
     * Can only be called by the current owner.
     */
    function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual override onlyOwner {
        _pendingOwner = newOwner;
        emit OwnershipTransferStarted(owner(), newOwner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`) and deletes any pending owner.
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     */
    function _transferOwnership(address newOwner) internal virtual override {
        delete _pendingOwner;
        super._transferOwnership(newOwner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev The new owner accepts the ownership transfer.
     */
    function acceptOwnership() public virtual {
        address sender = _msgSender();
        require(pendingOwner() == sender, "Ownable2Step: caller is not the new owner");
        _transferOwnership(sender);
    }

    /**
     * @dev This empty reserved space is put in place to allow future versions to add new
     * variables without shifting down storage in the inheritance chain.
     * See https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/upgradeable#storage_gaps
     */
    uint256[49] private __gap;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity 0.8.24;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/proxy/utils/Initializable.sol";
import "./IAddressManager.sol";
import "./IAddressResolver.sol";

/// @title AddressResolver
/// @notice See the documentation in {IAddressResolver}.
/// @custom:security-contact [email protected]
abstract contract AddressResolver is IAddressResolver, Initializable {
    /// @notice Address of the AddressManager.
    address public addressManager;
    uint256[49] private __gap;

    error RESOLVER_DENIED();
    error RESOLVER_INVALID_MANAGER();
    error RESOLVER_UNEXPECTED_CHAINID();
    error RESOLVER_ZERO_ADDR(uint64 chainId, bytes32 name);

    /// @dev Modifier that ensures the caller is the resolved address of a given
    /// name.
    /// @param _name The name to check against.
    modifier onlyFromNamed(bytes32 _name) {
        if (msg.sender != resolve(_name, true)) revert RESOLVER_DENIED();
        _;
    }

    /// @dev Modifier that ensures the caller is a resolved address to either _name1 or _name2
    /// name.
    /// @param _name1 The first name to check against.
    /// @param _name2 The second name to check against.
    modifier onlyFromNamedEither(bytes32 _name1, bytes32 _name2) {
        if (msg.sender != resolve(_name1, true) && msg.sender != resolve(_name2, true)) {
            revert RESOLVER_DENIED();
        }
        _;
    }

    /// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow constructor
    constructor() {
        _disableInitializers();
    }

    /// @inheritdoc IAddressResolver
    function resolve(
        bytes32 _name,
        bool _allowZeroAddress
    )
        public
        view
        virtual
        returns (address payable)
    {
        return _resolve(uint64(block.chainid), _name, _allowZeroAddress);
    }

    /// @inheritdoc IAddressResolver
    function resolve(
        uint64 _chainId,
        bytes32 _name,
        bool _allowZeroAddress
    )
        public
        view
        virtual
        returns (address payable)
    {
        return _resolve(_chainId, _name, _allowZeroAddress);
    }

    /// @dev Initialization method for setting up AddressManager reference.
    /// @param _addressManager Address of the AddressManager.
    function __AddressResolver_init(address _addressManager) internal virtual onlyInitializing {
        if (block.chainid > type(uint64).max) {
            revert RESOLVER_UNEXPECTED_CHAINID();
        }
        addressManager = _addressManager;
    }

    /// @dev Helper method to resolve name-to-address.
    /// @param _chainId The chainId of interest.
    /// @param _name Name whose address is to be resolved.
    /// @param _allowZeroAddress If set to true, does not throw if the resolved
    /// address is `address(0)`.
    /// @return addr_ Address associated with the given name on the specified
    /// chain.
    function _resolve(
        uint64 _chainId,
        bytes32 _name,
        bool _allowZeroAddress
    )
        private
        view
        returns (address payable addr_)
    {
        address _addressManager = addressManager;
        if (_addressManager == address(0)) revert RESOLVER_INVALID_MANAGER();

        addr_ = payable(IAddressManager(_addressManager).getAddress(_chainId, _name));

        if (!_allowZeroAddress && addr_ == address(0)) {
            revert RESOLVER_ZERO_ADDR(_chainId, _name);
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity 0.8.24;

/// @title LibNetwork
library LibNetwork {
    uint256 internal constant MAINNET = 1;
    uint256 internal constant ROPSTEN = 2;
    uint256 internal constant RINKEBY = 4;
    uint256 internal constant GOERLI = 5;
    uint256 internal constant KOVAN = 42;
    uint256 internal constant HOLESKY = 17_000;
    uint256 internal constant SEPOLIA = 11_155_111;

    uint64 internal constant TAIKO = 167_000;

    /// @dev Checks if the chain ID represents an Ethereum testnet.
    /// @param _chainId The chain ID.
    /// @return true if the chain ID represents an Ethereum testnet, false otherwise.
    function isEthereumTestnet(uint256 _chainId) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return _chainId == LibNetwork.ROPSTEN || _chainId == LibNetwork.RINKEBY
            || _chainId == LibNetwork.GOERLI || _chainId == LibNetwork.KOVAN
            || _chainId == LibNetwork.HOLESKY || _chainId == LibNetwork.SEPOLIA;
    }

    /// @dev Checks if the chain ID represents an Ethereum testnet or the Etheruem mainnet.
    /// @param _chainId The chain ID.
    /// @return true if the chain ID represents an Ethereum testnet or the Etheruem mainnet, false
    /// otherwise.
    function isEthereumMainnetOrTestnet(uint256 _chainId) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return _chainId == LibNetwork.MAINNET || isEthereumTestnet(_chainId);
    }

    /// @dev Checks if the chain ID represents the Taiko L2 mainnet.
    /// @param _chainId The chain ID.
    /// @return true if the chain ID represents the Taiko L2 mainnet.
    function isTaikoMainnet(uint256 _chainId) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return _chainId == TAIKO;
    }

    /// @dev Checks if the chain ID represents an internal Taiko devnet's base layer.
    /// @param _chainId The chain ID.
    /// @return true if the chain ID represents an internal Taiko devnet's base layer, false
    /// otherwise.
    function isTaikoDevnet(uint256 _chainId) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return _chainId >= 32_300 && _chainId <= 32_400;
    }

    /// @dev Checks if the chain supports Dencun hardfork. Note that this check doesn't need to be
    /// exhaustive.
    /// @param _chainId The chain ID.
    /// @return true if the chain supports Dencun hardfork, false otherwise.
    function isDencunSupported(uint256 _chainId) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return _chainId == LibNetwork.MAINNET || _chainId == LibNetwork.HOLESKY
            || _chainId == LibNetwork.SEPOLIA || isTaikoDevnet(_chainId);
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/introspection/IERC165.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC165 standard, as defined in the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165[EIP].
 *
 * Implementers can declare support of contract interfaces, which can then be
 * queried by others ({ERC165Checker}).
 *
 * For an implementation, see {ERC165}.
 */
interface IERC165 {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if this contract implements the interface defined by
     * `interfaceId`. See the corresponding
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165#how-interfaces-are-identified[EIP section]
     * to learn more about how these ids are created.
     *
     * This function call must use less than 30 000 gas.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) external view returns (bool);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity 0.8.24;

/// @title TaikoData
/// @notice This library defines various data structures used in the Taiko
/// protocol.
/// @custom:security-contact [email protected]
library TaikoData {
    /// @dev Struct holding Taiko configuration parameters. See {TaikoConfig}.
    struct Config {
        // ---------------------------------------------------------------------
        // Group 1: General configs
        // ---------------------------------------------------------------------
        // The chain ID of the network where Taiko contracts are deployed.
        uint64 chainId;
        // ---------------------------------------------------------------------
        // Group 2: Block level configs
        // ---------------------------------------------------------------------
        // The maximum number of proposals allowed in a single block.
        uint64 blockMaxProposals;
        // Size of the block ring buffer, allowing extra space for proposals.
        uint64 blockRingBufferSize;
        // The maximum number of verifications allowed when a block is proposed.
        uint64 maxBlocksToVerifyPerProposal;
        // The maximum gas limit allowed for a block.
        uint32 blockMaxGasLimit;
        // ---------------------------------------------------------------------
        // Group 3: Proof related configs
        // ---------------------------------------------------------------------
        // The amount of Taiko token as a prover liveness bond
        uint96 livenessBond;
        // ---------------------------------------------------------------------
        // Group 4: Cross-chain sync
        // ---------------------------------------------------------------------
        // The max number of L2 blocks that can stay unsynced on L1
        uint8 blockSyncThreshold;
        bool checkEOAForCalldataDA;
    }

    /// @dev Struct representing prover fees per given tier
    struct TierFee {
        uint16 tier;
        uint128 fee;
    }

    /// @dev A proof and the tier of proof it belongs to
    struct TierProof {
        uint16 tier;
        bytes data;
    }

    /// @dev Hook and it's data (currently used only during proposeBlock)
    struct HookCall {
        address hook;
        bytes data;
    }

    /// @dev Represents proposeBlock's _data input parameter
    struct BlockParams {
        address assignedProver;
        address coinbase;
        bytes32 extraData;
        bytes32 parentMetaHash;
        HookCall[] hookCalls;
        bytes signature;
    }

    /// @dev Struct containing data only required for proving a block
    /// Note: On L2, `block.difficulty` is the pseudo name of
    /// `block.prevrandao`, which returns a random number provided by the layer
    /// 1 chain.
    struct BlockMetadata {
        bytes32 l1Hash;
        bytes32 difficulty;
        bytes32 blobHash; //or txListHash (if Blob not yet supported)
        bytes32 extraData;
        bytes32 depositsHash;
        address coinbase; // L2 coinbase,
        uint64 id;
        uint32 gasLimit;
        uint64 timestamp;
        uint64 l1Height;
        uint16 minTier;
        bool blobUsed;
        bytes32 parentMetaHash;
        address sender; // a.k.a proposer
    }

    /// @dev Struct representing transition to be proven.
    struct Transition {
        bytes32 parentHash;
        bytes32 blockHash;
        bytes32 stateRoot;
        bytes32 graffiti; // Arbitrary data that the prover can use for various purposes.
    }

    /// @dev Struct representing state transition data.
    /// 10 slots reserved for upgradability, 6 slots used.
    struct TransitionState {
        bytes32 key; // slot 1, only written/read for the 1st state transition.
        bytes32 blockHash; // slot 2
        bytes32 stateRoot; // slot 3
        address prover; // slot 4
        uint96 validityBond;
        address contester; // slot 5
        uint96 contestBond;
        uint64 timestamp; // slot 6 (90 bits)
        uint16 tier;
        uint8 __reserved1;
    }

    /// @dev Struct containing data required for verifying a block.
    /// 3 slots used.
    struct Block {
        bytes32 metaHash; // slot 1
        address assignedProver; // slot 2
        uint96 livenessBond;
        uint64 blockId; // slot 3
        uint64 proposedAt; // timestamp
        uint64 proposedIn; // L1 block number, required/used by node/client.
        uint32 nextTransitionId;
        uint32 verifiedTransitionId;
    }

    /// @dev Struct representing an Ethereum deposit.
    /// 2 slot used. Currently removed from protocol, but to be backwards compatible, the struct and
    /// return values stayed for now.
    struct EthDeposit {
        address recipient;
        uint96 amount;
        uint64 id;
    }

    /// @dev Forge is only able to run coverage in case the contracts by default
    /// capable of compiling without any optimization (neither optimizer runs,
    /// no compiling --via-ir flag).
    /// In order to resolve stack too deep without optimizations, we needed to
    /// introduce outsourcing vars into structs below.
    struct SlotA {
        uint64 genesisHeight;
        uint64 genesisTimestamp;
        uint64 lastSyncedBlockId;
        uint64 lastSynecdAt; // typo!
    }

    struct SlotB {
        uint64 numBlocks;
        uint64 lastVerifiedBlockId;
        bool provingPaused;
        uint8 __reservedB1;
        uint16 __reservedB2;
        uint32 __reservedB3;
        uint64 lastUnpausedAt;
    }

    /// @dev Struct holding the state variables for the {TaikoL1} contract.
    struct State {
        // Ring buffer for proposed blocks and a some recent verified blocks.
        mapping(uint64 blockId_mod_blockRingBufferSize => Block blk) blocks;
        // Indexing to transition ids (ring buffer not possible)
        mapping(uint64 blockId => mapping(bytes32 parentHash => uint32 transitionId)) transitionIds;
        // Ring buffer for transitions
        mapping(
            uint64 blockId_mod_blockRingBufferSize
                => mapping(uint32 transitionId => TransitionState ts)
        ) transitions;
        // Ring buffer for Ether deposits
        bytes32 __reserve1;
        SlotA slotA; // slot 5
        SlotB slotB; // slot 6
        uint256[44] __gap;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/Strings.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./math/Math.sol";
import "./math/SignedMath.sol";

/**
 * @dev String operations.
 */
library Strings {
    bytes16 private constant _SYMBOLS = "0123456789abcdef";
    uint8 private constant _ADDRESS_LENGTH = 20;

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.
     */
    function toString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 length = Math.log10(value) + 1;
            string memory buffer = new string(length);
            uint256 ptr;
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                ptr := add(buffer, add(32, length))
            }
            while (true) {
                ptr--;
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    mstore8(ptr, byte(mod(value, 10), _SYMBOLS))
                }
                value /= 10;
                if (value == 0) break;
            }
            return buffer;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `int256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.
     */
    function toString(int256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        return string(abi.encodePacked(value < 0 ? "-" : "", toString(SignedMath.abs(value))));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        unchecked {
            return toHexString(value, Math.log256(value) + 1);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation with fixed length.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value, uint256 length) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        bytes memory buffer = new bytes(2 * length + 2);
        buffer[0] = "0";
        buffer[1] = "x";
        for (uint256 i = 2 * length + 1; i > 1; --i) {
            buffer[i] = _SYMBOLS[value & 0xf];
            value >>= 4;
        }
        require(value == 0, "Strings: hex length insufficient");
        return string(buffer);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts an `address` with fixed length of 20 bytes to its not checksummed ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.
     */
    function toHexString(address addr) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        return toHexString(uint256(uint160(addr)), _ADDRESS_LENGTH);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the two strings are equal.
     */
    function equal(string memory a, string memory b) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return keccak256(bytes(a)) == keccak256(bytes(b));
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.5.0) (interfaces/draft-IERC1822.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev ERC1822: Universal Upgradeable Proxy Standard (UUPS) documents a method for upgradeability through a simplified
 * proxy whose upgrades are fully controlled by the current implementation.
 */
interface IERC1822Proxiable {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the storage slot that the proxiable contract assumes is being used to store the implementation
     * address.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: A proxy pointing at a proxiable contract should not be considered proxiable itself, because this risks
     * bricking a proxy that upgrades to it, by delegating to itself until out of gas. Thus it is critical that this
     * function revert if invoked through a proxy.
     */
    function proxiableUUID() external view returns (bytes32);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (proxy/ERC1967/ERC1967Upgrade.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.2;

import "../beacon/IBeacon.sol";
import "../../interfaces/IERC1967.sol";
import "../../interfaces/draft-IERC1822.sol";
import "../../utils/Address.sol";
import "../../utils/StorageSlot.sol";

/**
 * @dev This abstract contract provides getters and event emitting update functions for
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1967[EIP1967] slots.
 *
 * _Available since v4.1._
 */
abstract contract ERC1967Upgrade is IERC1967 {
    // This is the keccak-256 hash of "eip1967.proxy.rollback" subtracted by 1
    bytes32 private constant _ROLLBACK_SLOT = 0x4910fdfa16fed3260ed0e7147f7cc6da11a60208b5b9406d12a635614ffd9143;

    /**
     * @dev Storage slot with the address of the current implementation.
     * This is the keccak-256 hash of "eip1967.proxy.implementation" subtracted by 1, and is
     * validated in the constructor.
     */
    bytes32 internal constant _IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT = 0x360894a13ba1a3210667c828492db98dca3e2076cc3735a920a3ca505d382bbc;

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current implementation address.
     */
    function _getImplementation() internal view returns (address) {
        return StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Stores a new address in the EIP1967 implementation slot.
     */
    function _setImplementation(address newImplementation) private {
        require(Address.isContract(newImplementation), "ERC1967: new implementation is not a contract");
        StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value = newImplementation;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Perform implementation upgrade
     *
     * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
     */
    function _upgradeTo(address newImplementation) internal {
        _setImplementation(newImplementation);
        emit Upgraded(newImplementation);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Perform implementation upgrade with additional setup call.
     *
     * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
     */
    function _upgradeToAndCall(address newImplementation, bytes memory data, bool forceCall) internal {
        _upgradeTo(newImplementation);
        if (data.length > 0 || forceCall) {
            Address.functionDelegateCall(newImplementation, data);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Perform implementation upgrade with security checks for UUPS proxies, and additional setup call.
     *
     * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
     */
    function _upgradeToAndCallUUPS(address newImplementation, bytes memory data, bool forceCall) internal {
        // Upgrades from old implementations will perform a rollback test. This test requires the new
        // implementation to upgrade back to the old, non-ERC1822 compliant, implementation. Removing
        // this special case will break upgrade paths from old UUPS implementation to new ones.
        if (StorageSlot.getBooleanSlot(_ROLLBACK_SLOT).value) {
            _setImplementation(newImplementation);
        } else {
            try IERC1822Proxiable(newImplementation).proxiableUUID() returns (bytes32 slot) {
                require(slot == _IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT, "ERC1967Upgrade: unsupported proxiableUUID");
            } catch {
                revert("ERC1967Upgrade: new implementation is not UUPS");
            }
            _upgradeToAndCall(newImplementation, data, forceCall);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Storage slot with the admin of the contract.
     * This is the keccak-256 hash of "eip1967.proxy.admin" subtracted by 1, and is
     * validated in the constructor.
     */
    bytes32 internal constant _ADMIN_SLOT = 0xb53127684a568b3173ae13b9f8a6016e243e63b6e8ee1178d6a717850b5d6103;

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current admin.
     */
    function _getAdmin() internal view returns (address) {
        return StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_ADMIN_SLOT).value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Stores a new address in the EIP1967 admin slot.
     */
    function _setAdmin(address newAdmin) private {
        require(newAdmin != address(0), "ERC1967: new admin is the zero address");
        StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_ADMIN_SLOT).value = newAdmin;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Changes the admin of the proxy.
     *
     * Emits an {AdminChanged} event.
     */
    function _changeAdmin(address newAdmin) internal {
        emit AdminChanged(_getAdmin(), newAdmin);
        _setAdmin(newAdmin);
    }

    /**
     * @dev The storage slot of the UpgradeableBeacon contract which defines the implementation for this proxy.
     * This is bytes32(uint256(keccak256('eip1967.proxy.beacon')) - 1)) and is validated in the constructor.
     */
    bytes32 internal constant _BEACON_SLOT = 0xa3f0ad74e5423aebfd80d3ef4346578335a9a72aeaee59ff6cb3582b35133d50;

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current beacon.
     */
    function _getBeacon() internal view returns (address) {
        return StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_BEACON_SLOT).value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Stores a new beacon in the EIP1967 beacon slot.
     */
    function _setBeacon(address newBeacon) private {
        require(Address.isContract(newBeacon), "ERC1967: new beacon is not a contract");
        require(
            Address.isContract(IBeacon(newBeacon).implementation()),
            "ERC1967: beacon implementation is not a contract"
        );
        StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_BEACON_SLOT).value = newBeacon;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Perform beacon upgrade with additional setup call. Note: This upgrades the address of the beacon, it does
     * not upgrade the implementation contained in the beacon (see {UpgradeableBeacon-_setImplementation} for that).
     *
     * Emits a {BeaconUpgraded} event.
     */
    function _upgradeBeaconToAndCall(address newBeacon, bytes memory data, bool forceCall) internal {
        _setBeacon(newBeacon);
        emit BeaconUpgraded(newBeacon);
        if (data.length > 0 || forceCall) {
            Address.functionDelegateCall(IBeacon(newBeacon).implementation(), data);
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (access/Ownable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../utils/ContextUpgradeable.sol";
import {Initializable} from "../proxy/utils/Initializable.sol";

/**
 * @dev Contract module which provides a basic access control mechanism, where
 * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
 * specific functions.
 *
 * By default, the owner account will be the one that deploys the contract. This
 * can later be changed with {transferOwnership}.
 *
 * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the modifier
 * `onlyOwner`, which can be applied to your functions to restrict their use to
 * the owner.
 */
abstract contract OwnableUpgradeable is Initializable, ContextUpgradeable {
    address private _owner;

    event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract setting the deployer as the initial owner.
     */
    function __Ownable_init() internal onlyInitializing {
        __Ownable_init_unchained();
    }

    function __Ownable_init_unchained() internal onlyInitializing {
        _transferOwnership(_msgSender());
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
     */
    modifier onlyOwner() {
        _checkOwner();
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address of the current owner.
     */
    function owner() public view virtual returns (address) {
        return _owner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if the sender is not the owner.
     */
    function _checkOwner() internal view virtual {
        require(owner() == _msgSender(), "Ownable: caller is not the owner");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Leaves the contract without owner. It will not be possible to call
     * `onlyOwner` functions. Can only be called by the current owner.
     *
     * NOTE: Renouncing ownership will leave the contract without an owner,
     * thereby disabling any functionality that is only available to the owner.
     */
    function renounceOwnership() public virtual onlyOwner {
        _transferOwnership(address(0));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Can only be called by the current owner.
     */
    function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual onlyOwner {
        require(newOwner != address(0), "Ownable: new owner is the zero address");
        _transferOwnership(newOwner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     */
    function _transferOwnership(address newOwner) internal virtual {
        address oldOwner = _owner;
        _owner = newOwner;
        emit OwnershipTransferred(oldOwner, newOwner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev This empty reserved space is put in place to allow future versions to add new
     * variables without shifting down storage in the inheritance chain.
     * See https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/upgradeable#storage_gaps
     */
    uint256[49] private __gap;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (proxy/utils/Initializable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.2;

import "../../utils/AddressUpgradeable.sol";

/**
 * @dev This is a base contract to aid in writing upgradeable contracts, or any kind of contract that will be deployed
 * behind a proxy. Since proxied contracts do not make use of a constructor, it's common to move constructor logic to an
 * external initializer function, usually called `initialize`. It then becomes necessary to protect this initializer
 * function so it can only be called once. The {initializer} modifier provided by this contract will have this effect.
 *
 * The initialization functions use a version number. Once a version number is used, it is consumed and cannot be
 * reused. This mechanism prevents re-execution of each "step" but allows the creation of new initialization steps in
 * case an upgrade adds a module that needs to be initialized.
 *
 * For example:
 *
 * [.hljs-theme-light.nopadding]
 * ```solidity
 * contract MyToken is ERC20Upgradeable {
 *     function initialize() initializer public {
 *         __ERC20_init("MyToken", "MTK");
 *     }
 * }
 *
 * contract MyTokenV2 is MyToken, ERC20PermitUpgradeable {
 *     function initializeV2() reinitializer(2) public {
 *         __ERC20Permit_init("MyToken");
 *     }
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * TIP: To avoid leaving the proxy in an uninitialized state, the initializer function should be called as early as
 * possible by providing the encoded function call as the `_data` argument to {ERC1967Proxy-constructor}.
 *
 * CAUTION: When used with inheritance, manual care must be taken to not invoke a parent initializer twice, or to ensure
 * that all initializers are idempotent. This is not verified automatically as constructors are by Solidity.
 *
 * [CAUTION]
 * ====
 * Avoid leaving a contract uninitialized.
 *
 * An uninitialized contract can be taken over by an attacker. This applies to both a proxy and its implementation
 * contract, which may impact the proxy. To prevent the implementation contract from being used, you should invoke
 * the {_disableInitializers} function in the constructor to automatically lock it when it is deployed:
 *
 * [.hljs-theme-light.nopadding]
 * ```
 * /// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow constructor
 * constructor() {
 *     _disableInitializers();
 * }
 * ```
 * ====
 */
abstract contract Initializable {
    /**
     * @dev Indicates that the contract has been initialized.
     * @custom:oz-retyped-from bool
     */
    uint8 private _initialized;

    /**
     * @dev Indicates that the contract is in the process of being initialized.
     */
    bool private _initializing;

    /**
     * @dev Triggered when the contract has been initialized or reinitialized.
     */
    event Initialized(uint8 version);

    /**
     * @dev A modifier that defines a protected initializer function that can be invoked at most once. In its scope,
     * `onlyInitializing` functions can be used to initialize parent contracts.
     *
     * Similar to `reinitializer(1)`, except that functions marked with `initializer` can be nested in the context of a
     * constructor.
     *
     * Emits an {Initialized} event.
     */
    modifier initializer() {
        bool isTopLevelCall = !_initializing;
        require(
            (isTopLevelCall && _initialized < 1) || (!AddressUpgradeable.isContract(address(this)) && _initialized == 1),
            "Initializable: contract is already initialized"
        );
        _initialized = 1;
        if (isTopLevelCall) {
            _initializing = true;
        }
        _;
        if (isTopLevelCall) {
            _initializing = false;
            emit Initialized(1);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev A modifier that defines a protected reinitializer function that can be invoked at most once, and only if the
     * contract hasn't been initialized to a greater version before. In its scope, `onlyInitializing` functions can be
     * used to initialize parent contracts.
     *
     * A reinitializer may be used after the original initialization step. This is essential to configure modules that
     * are added through upgrades and that require initialization.
     *
     * When `version` is 1, this modifier is similar to `initializer`, except that functions marked with `reinitializer`
     * cannot be nested. If one is invoked in the context of another, execution will revert.
     *
     * Note that versions can jump in increments greater than 1; this implies that if multiple reinitializers coexist in
     * a contract, executing them in the right order is up to the developer or operator.
     *
     * WARNING: setting the version to 255 will prevent any future reinitialization.
     *
     * Emits an {Initialized} event.
     */
    modifier reinitializer(uint8 version) {
        require(!_initializing && _initialized < version, "Initializable: contract is already initialized");
        _initialized = version;
        _initializing = true;
        _;
        _initializing = false;
        emit Initialized(version);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Modifier to protect an initialization function so that it can only be invoked by functions with the
     * {initializer} and {reinitializer} modifiers, directly or indirectly.
     */
    modifier onlyInitializing() {
        require(_initializing, "Initializable: contract is not initializing");
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Locks the contract, preventing any future reinitialization. This cannot be part of an initializer call.
     * Calling this in the constructor of a contract will prevent that contract from being initialized or reinitialized
     * to any version. It is recommended to use this to lock implementation contracts that are designed to be called
     * through proxies.
     *
     * Emits an {Initialized} event the first time it is successfully executed.
     */
    function _disableInitializers() internal virtual {
        require(!_initializing, "Initializable: contract is initializing");
        if (_initialized != type(uint8).max) {
            _initialized = type(uint8).max;
            emit Initialized(type(uint8).max);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the highest version that has been initialized. See {reinitializer}.
     */
    function _getInitializedVersion() internal view returns (uint8) {
        return _initialized;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns `true` if the contract is currently initializing. See {onlyInitializing}.
     */
    function _isInitializing() internal view returns (bool) {
        return _initializing;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity 0.8.24;

/// @title IAddressManager
/// @notice Manages a mapping of (chainId, name) pairs to Ethereum addresses.
/// @custom:security-contact [email protected]
interface IAddressManager {
    /// @notice Gets the address mapped to a specific chainId-name pair.
    /// @dev Note that in production, this method shall be a pure function
    /// without any storage access.
    /// @param _chainId The chainId for which the address needs to be fetched.
    /// @param _name The name for which the address needs to be fetched.
    /// @return Address associated with the chainId-name pair.
    function getAddress(uint64 _chainId, bytes32 _name) external view returns (address);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity 0.8.24;

/// @title IAddressResolver
/// @notice This contract acts as a bridge for name-to-address resolution.
/// It delegates the resolution to the AddressManager. By separating the logic,
/// we can maintain flexibility in address management without affecting the
/// resolving process.
/// @dev Note that the address manager should be changed using upgradability, there
/// is no setAddressManager() function to guarantee atomicity across all
/// contracts that are resolvers.
/// @custom:security-contact [email protected]
interface IAddressResolver {
    /// @notice Resolves a name to its address deployed on this chain.
    /// @param _name Name whose address is to be resolved.
    /// @param _allowZeroAddress If set to true, does not throw if the resolved
    /// address is `address(0)`.
    /// @return Address associated with the given name.
    function resolve(
        bytes32 _name,
        bool _allowZeroAddress
    )
        external
        view
        returns (address payable);

    /// @notice Resolves a name to its address deployed on a specified chain.
    /// @param _chainId The chainId of interest.
    /// @param _name Name whose address is to be resolved.
    /// @param _allowZeroAddress If set to true, does not throw if the resolved
    /// address is `address(0)`.
    /// @return Address associated with the given name on the specified
    /// chain.
    function resolve(
        uint64 _chainId,
        bytes32 _name,
        bool _allowZeroAddress
    )
        external
        view
        returns (address payable);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/math/Math.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Standard math utilities missing in the Solidity language.
 */
library Math {
    enum Rounding {
        Down, // Toward negative infinity
        Up, // Toward infinity
        Zero // Toward zero
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the largest of two numbers.
     */
    function max(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a > b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the smallest of two numbers.
     */
    function min(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a < b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the average of two numbers. The result is rounded towards
     * zero.
     */
    function average(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // (a + b) / 2 can overflow.
        return (a & b) + (a ^ b) / 2;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the ceiling of the division of two numbers.
     *
     * This differs from standard division with `/` in that it rounds up instead
     * of rounding down.
     */
    function ceilDiv(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // (a + b - 1) / b can overflow on addition, so we distribute.
        return a == 0 ? 0 : (a - 1) / b + 1;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates floor(x * y / denominator) with full precision. Throws if result overflows a uint256 or denominator == 0
     * @dev Original credit to Remco Bloemen under MIT license (https://xn--2-umb.com/21/muldiv)
     * with further edits by Uniswap Labs also under MIT license.
     */
    function mulDiv(uint256 x, uint256 y, uint256 denominator) internal pure returns (uint256 result) {
        unchecked {
            // 512-bit multiply [prod1 prod0] = x * y. Compute the product mod 2^256 and mod 2^256 - 1, then use
            // use the Chinese Remainder Theorem to reconstruct the 512 bit result. The result is stored in two 256
            // variables such that product = prod1 * 2^256 + prod0.
            uint256 prod0; // Least significant 256 bits of the product
            uint256 prod1; // Most significant 256 bits of the product
            assembly {
                let mm := mulmod(x, y, not(0))
                prod0 := mul(x, y)
                prod1 := sub(sub(mm, prod0), lt(mm, prod0))
            }

            // Handle non-overflow cases, 256 by 256 division.
            if (prod1 == 0) {
                // Solidity will revert if denominator == 0, unlike the div opcode on its own.
                // The surrounding unchecked block does not change this fact.
                // See https://docs.soliditylang.org/en/latest/control-structures.html#checked-or-unchecked-arithmetic.
                return prod0 / denominator;
            }

            // Make sure the result is less than 2^256. Also prevents denominator == 0.
            require(denominator > prod1, "Math: mulDiv overflow");

            ///////////////////////////////////////////////
            // 512 by 256 division.
            ///////////////////////////////////////////////

            // Make division exact by subtracting the remainder from [prod1 prod0].
            uint256 remainder;
            assembly {
                // Compute remainder using mulmod.
                remainder := mulmod(x, y, denominator)

                // Subtract 256 bit number from 512 bit number.
                prod1 := sub(prod1, gt(remainder, prod0))
                prod0 := sub(prod0, remainder)
            }

            // Factor powers of two out of denominator and compute largest power of two divisor of denominator. Always >= 1.
            // See https://cs.stackexchange.com/q/138556/92363.

            // Does not overflow because the denominator cannot be zero at this stage in the function.
            uint256 twos = denominator & (~denominator + 1);
            assembly {
                // Divide denominator by twos.
                denominator := div(denominator, twos)

                // Divide [prod1 prod0] by twos.
                prod0 := div(prod0, twos)

                // Flip twos such that it is 2^256 / twos. If twos is zero, then it becomes one.
                twos := add(div(sub(0, twos), twos), 1)
            }

            // Shift in bits from prod1 into prod0.
            prod0 |= prod1 * twos;

            // Invert denominator mod 2^256. Now that denominator is an odd number, it has an inverse modulo 2^256 such
            // that denominator * inv = 1 mod 2^256. Compute the inverse by starting with a seed that is correct for
            // four bits. That is, denominator * inv = 1 mod 2^4.
            uint256 inverse = (3 * denominator) ^ 2;

            // Use the Newton-Raphson iteration to improve the precision. Thanks to Hensel's lifting lemma, this also works
            // in modular arithmetic, doubling the correct bits in each step.
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^8
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^16
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^32
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^64
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^128
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^256

            // Because the division is now exact we can divide by multiplying with the modular inverse of denominator.
            // This will give us the correct result modulo 2^256. Since the preconditions guarantee that the outcome is
            // less than 2^256, this is the final result. We don't need to compute the high bits of the result and prod1
            // is no longer required.
            result = prod0 * inverse;
            return result;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates x * y / denominator with full precision, following the selected rounding direction.
     */
    function mulDiv(uint256 x, uint256 y, uint256 denominator, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = mulDiv(x, y, denominator);
        if (rounding == Rounding.Up && mulmod(x, y, denominator) > 0) {
            result += 1;
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the square root of a number. If the number is not a perfect square, the value is rounded down.
     *
     * Inspired by Henry S. Warren, Jr.'s "Hacker's Delight" (Chapter 11).
     */
    function sqrt(uint256 a) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        if (a == 0) {
            return 0;
        }

        // For our first guess, we get the biggest power of 2 which is smaller than the square root of the target.
        //
        // We know that the "msb" (most significant bit) of our target number `a` is a power of 2 such that we have
        // `msb(a) <= a < 2*msb(a)`. This value can be written `msb(a)=2**k` with `k=log2(a)`.
        //
        // This can be rewritten `2**log2(a) <= a < 2**(log2(a) + 1)`
        // → `sqrt(2**k) <= sqrt(a) < sqrt(2**(k+1))`
        // → `2**(k/2) <= sqrt(a) < 2**((k+1)/2) <= 2**(k/2 + 1)`
        //
        // Consequently, `2**(log2(a) / 2)` is a good first approximation of `sqrt(a)` with at least 1 correct bit.
        uint256 result = 1 << (log2(a) >> 1);

        // At this point `result` is an estimation with one bit of precision. We know the true value is a uint128,
        // since it is the square root of a uint256. Newton's method converges quadratically (precision doubles at
        // every iteration). We thus need at most 7 iteration to turn our partial result with one bit of precision
        // into the expected uint128 result.
        unchecked {
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            return min(result, a / result);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates sqrt(a), following the selected rounding direction.
     */
    function sqrt(uint256 a, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = sqrt(a);
            return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && result * result < a ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 2, rounded down, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log2(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >> 128 > 0) {
                value >>= 128;
                result += 128;
            }
            if (value >> 64 > 0) {
                value >>= 64;
                result += 64;
            }
            if (value >> 32 > 0) {
                value >>= 32;
                result += 32;
            }
            if (value >> 16 > 0) {
                value >>= 16;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >> 8 > 0) {
                value >>= 8;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >> 4 > 0) {
                value >>= 4;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >> 2 > 0) {
                value >>= 2;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >> 1 > 0) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 2, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log2(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log2(value);
            return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && 1 << result < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 10, rounded down, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log10(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >= 10 ** 64) {
                value /= 10 ** 64;
                result += 64;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 32) {
                value /= 10 ** 32;
                result += 32;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 16) {
                value /= 10 ** 16;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 8) {
                value /= 10 ** 8;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 4) {
                value /= 10 ** 4;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 2) {
                value /= 10 ** 2;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 1) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 10, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log10(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log10(value);
            return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && 10 ** result < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 256, rounded down, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     *
     * Adding one to the result gives the number of pairs of hex symbols needed to represent `value` as a hex string.
     */
    function log256(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >> 128 > 0) {
                value >>= 128;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >> 64 > 0) {
                value >>= 64;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >> 32 > 0) {
                value >>= 32;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >> 16 > 0) {
                value >>= 16;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >> 8 > 0) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 256, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log256(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log256(value);
            return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && 1 << (result << 3) < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.8.0) (utils/math/SignedMath.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Standard signed math utilities missing in the Solidity language.
 */
library SignedMath {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the largest of two signed numbers.
     */
    function max(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {
        return a > b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the smallest of two signed numbers.
     */
    function min(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {
        return a < b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the average of two signed numbers without overflow.
     * The result is rounded towards zero.
     */
    function average(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {
        // Formula from the book "Hacker's Delight"
        int256 x = (a & b) + ((a ^ b) >> 1);
        return x + (int256(uint256(x) >> 255) & (a ^ b));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the absolute unsigned value of a signed value.
     */
    function abs(int256 n) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            // must be unchecked in order to support `n = type(int256).min`
            return uint256(n >= 0 ? n : -n);
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (proxy/beacon/IBeacon.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev This is the interface that {BeaconProxy} expects of its beacon.
 */
interface IBeacon {
    /**
     * @dev Must return an address that can be used as a delegate call target.
     *
     * {BeaconProxy} will check that this address is a contract.
     */
    function implementation() external view returns (address);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (interfaces/IERC1967.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev ERC-1967: Proxy Storage Slots. This interface contains the events defined in the ERC.
 *
 * _Available since v4.8.3._
 */
interface IERC1967 {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the implementation is upgraded.
     */
    event Upgraded(address indexed implementation);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the admin account has changed.
     */
    event AdminChanged(address previousAdmin, address newAdmin);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the beacon is changed.
     */
    event BeaconUpgraded(address indexed beacon);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/StorageSlot.sol)
// This file was procedurally generated from scripts/generate/templates/StorageSlot.js.

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Library for reading and writing primitive types to specific storage slots.
 *
 * Storage slots are often used to avoid storage conflict when dealing with upgradeable contracts.
 * This library helps with reading and writing to such slots without the need for inline assembly.
 *
 * The functions in this library return Slot structs that contain a `value` member that can be used to read or write.
 *
 * Example usage to set ERC1967 implementation slot:
 * ```solidity
 * contract ERC1967 {
 *     bytes32 internal constant _IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT = 0x360894a13ba1a3210667c828492db98dca3e2076cc3735a920a3ca505d382bbc;
 *
 *     function _getImplementation() internal view returns (address) {
 *         return StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value;
 *     }
 *
 *     function _setImplementation(address newImplementation) internal {
 *         require(Address.isContract(newImplementation), "ERC1967: new implementation is not a contract");
 *         StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value = newImplementation;
 *     }
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * _Available since v4.1 for `address`, `bool`, `bytes32`, `uint256`._
 * _Available since v4.9 for `string`, `bytes`._
 */
library StorageSlot {
    struct AddressSlot {
        address value;
    }

    struct BooleanSlot {
        bool value;
    }

    struct Bytes32Slot {
        bytes32 value;
    }

    struct Uint256Slot {
        uint256 value;
    }

    struct StringSlot {
        string value;
    }

    struct BytesSlot {
        bytes value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `AddressSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getAddressSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (AddressSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `BooleanSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getBooleanSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (BooleanSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `Bytes32Slot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getBytes32Slot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (Bytes32Slot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `Uint256Slot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getUint256Slot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (Uint256Slot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `StringSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getStringSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (StringSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `StringSlot` representation of the string storage pointer `store`.
     */
    function getStringSlot(string storage store) internal pure returns (StringSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := store.slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `BytesSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getBytesSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (BytesSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `BytesSlot` representation of the bytes storage pointer `store`.
     */
    function getBytesSlot(bytes storage store) internal pure returns (BytesSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := store.slot
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.4) (utils/Context.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
import {Initializable} from "../proxy/utils/Initializable.sol";

/**
 * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
 * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
 * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
 * manner, since when dealing with meta-transactions the account sending and
 * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
 * is concerned).
 *
 * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
 */
abstract contract ContextUpgradeable is Initializable {
    function __Context_init() internal onlyInitializing {
    }

    function __Context_init_unchained() internal onlyInitializing {
    }
    function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address) {
        return msg.sender;
    }

    function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes calldata) {
        return msg.data;
    }

    function _contextSuffixLength() internal view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return 0;
    }

    /**
     * @dev This empty reserved space is put in place to allow future versions to add new
     * variables without shifting down storage in the inheritance chain.
     * See https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/upgradeable#storage_gaps
     */
    uint256[50] private __gap;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/Address.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.1;

/**
 * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
 */
library AddressUpgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract.
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this function returns
     * false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a contract.
     *
     * Among others, `isContract` will return false for the following
     * types of addresses:
     *
     *  - an externally-owned account
     *  - a contract in construction
     *  - an address where a contract will be created
     *  - an address where a contract lived, but was destroyed
     *
     * Furthermore, `isContract` will also return true if the target contract within
     * the same transaction is already scheduled for destruction by `SELFDESTRUCT`,
     * which only has an effect at the end of a transaction.
     * ====
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * You shouldn't rely on `isContract` to protect against flash loan attacks!
     *
     * Preventing calls from contracts is highly discouraged. It breaks composability, breaks support for smart wallets
     * like Gnosis Safe, and does not provide security since it can be circumvented by calling from a contract
     * constructor.
     * ====
     */
    function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) {
        // This method relies on extcodesize/address.code.length, which returns 0
        // for contracts in construction, since the code is only stored at the end
        // of the constructor execution.

        return account.code.length > 0;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
     * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
     *
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
     * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
     * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
     * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
     *
     * https://consensys.net/diligence/blog/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
     *
     * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
     * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
     * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
     * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.8.0/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
     */
    function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
        require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Address: insufficient balance");

        (bool success, ) = recipient.call{value: amount}("");
        require(success, "Address: unable to send value, recipient may have reverted");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A
     * plain `call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this
     * function instead.
     *
     * If `target` reverts with a revert reason, it is bubbled up by this
     * function (like regular Solidity function calls).
     *
     * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value,
     * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`].
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `target` must be a contract.
     * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, "Address: low-level call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], but with
     * `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`.
     * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(address target, bytes memory data, uint256 value) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, "Address: low-level call with value failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCallWithValue-address-bytes-uint256-}[`functionCallWithValue`], but
     * with `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        uint256 value,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        require(address(this).balance >= value, "Address: insufficient balance for call");
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{value: value}(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionStaticCall(target, data, "Address: low-level static call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionDelegateCall(target, data, "Address: low-level delegate call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.delegatecall(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call to smart-contract was successful, and revert (either by bubbling
     * the revert reason or using the provided one) in case of unsuccessful call or if target was not a contract.
     *
     * _Available since v4.8._
     */
    function verifyCallResultFromTarget(
        address target,
        bool success,
        bytes memory returndata,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        if (success) {
            if (returndata.length == 0) {
                // only check isContract if the call was successful and the return data is empty
                // otherwise we already know that it was a contract
                require(isContract(target), "Address: call to non-contract");
            }
            return returndata;
        } else {
            _revert(returndata, errorMessage);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call was successful, and revert if it wasn't, either by bubbling the
     * revert reason or using the provided one.
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function verifyCallResult(
        bool success,
        bytes memory returndata,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
        if (success) {
            return returndata;
        } else {
            _revert(returndata, errorMessage);
        }
    }

    function _revert(bytes memory returndata, string memory errorMessage) private pure {
        // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present
        if (returndata.length > 0) {
            // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
                revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
            }
        } else {
            revert(errorMessage);
        }
    }
}

{
  "remappings": [
    "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/=node_modules/@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/",
    "@openzeppelin/contracts/=node_modules/@openzeppelin/contracts/",
    "solady/=node_modules/solady/",
    "forge-std/=node_modules/forge-std/",
    "ds-test/=node_modules/ds-test/src/",
    "p256-verifier/=node_modules/p256-verifier/",
    "forge-safe/=node_modules/forge-safe/"
  ],
  "optimizer": {
    "enabled": true,
    "runs": 200
  },
  "metadata": {
    "useLiteralContent": false,
    "bytecodeHash": "ipfs",
    "appendCBOR": true
  },
  "outputSelection": {
    "*": {
      "*": [
        "evm.bytecode",
        "evm.deployedBytecode",
        "devdoc",
        "userdoc",
        "metadata",
        "abi"
      ]
    }
  },
  "evmVersion": "cancun",
  "viaIR": false,
  "libraries": {}
}

• No Contract Security Audit Submitted- Submit Audit Here

[{"inputs":[],"name":"ETH_TRANSFER_FAILED","type":"error"},{"inputs":[],"name":"FUNC_NOT_IMPLEMENTED","type":"error"},{"inputs":[],"name":"HOOK_ASSIGNMENT_EXPIRED","type":"error"},{"inputs":[],"name":"HOOK_ASSIGNMENT_INVALID_SIG","type":"error"},{"inputs":[],"name":"HOOK_TIER_NOT_FOUND","type":"error"},{"inputs":[],"name":"INVALID_PAUSE_STATUS","type":"error"},{"inputs":[],"name":"REENTRANT_CALL","type":"error"},{"inputs":[],"name":"RESOLVER_DENIED","type":"error"},{"inputs":[],"name":"RESOLVER_INVALID_MANAGER","type":"error"},{"inputs":[],"name":"RESOLVER_UNEXPECTED_CHAINID","type":"error"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"uint64","name":"chainId","type":"uint64"},{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"name","type":"bytes32"}],"name":"RESOLVER_ZERO_ADDR","type":"error"},{"inputs":[],"name":"ZERO_ADDRESS","type":"error"},{"inputs":[],"name":"ZERO_VALUE","type":"error"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":false,"internalType":"address","name":"previousAdmin","type":"address"},{"indexed":false,"internalType":"address","name":"newAdmin","type":"address"}],"name":"AdminChanged","type":"event"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"beacon","type":"address"}],"name":"BeaconUpgraded","type":"event"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":false,"internalType":"address","name":"to","type":"address"},{"indexed":false,"internalType":"uint256","name":"maxGas","type":"uint256"}],"name":"EtherPaymentFailed","type":"event"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":false,"internalType":"uint8","name":"version","type":"uint8"}],"name":"Initialized","type":"event"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"previousOwner","type":"address"},{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"newOwner","type":"address"}],"name":"OwnershipTransferStarted","type":"event"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"previousOwner","type":"address"},{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"newOwner","type":"address"}],"name":"OwnershipTransferred","type":"event"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":false,"internalType":"address","name":"account","type":"address"}],"name":"Paused","type":"event"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":false,"internalType":"address","name":"account","type":"address"}],"name":"Unpaused","type":"event"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"implementation","type":"address"}],"name":"Upgraded","type":"event"},{"inputs":[],"name":"MAX_GAS_PAYING_PROVER","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"","type":"uint256"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"acceptOwnership","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"addressManager","outputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"","type":"address"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"components":[{"internalType":"address","name":"feeToken","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint64","name":"expiry","type":"uint64"},{"internalType":"uint64","name":"maxBlockId","type":"uint64"},{"internalType":"uint64","name":"maxProposedIn","type":"uint64"},{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"metaHash","type":"bytes32"},{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"parentMetaHash","type":"bytes32"},{"components":[{"internalType":"uint16","name":"tier","type":"uint16"},{"internalType":"uint128","name":"fee","type":"uint128"}],"internalType":"struct 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TaikoData.BlockMetadata","name":"_meta","type":"tuple"},{"internalType":"bytes","name":"_data","type":"bytes"}],"name":"onBlockProposed","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"payable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"owner","outputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"","type":"address"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"pause","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"paused","outputs":[{"internalType":"bool","name":"","type":"bool"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"pendingOwner","outputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"","type":"address"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"proxiableUUID","outputs":[{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"","type":"bytes32"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"renounceOwnership","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"uint64","name":"_chainId","type":"uint64"},{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"_name","type":"bytes32"},{"internalType":"bool","name":"_allowZeroAddress","type":"bool"}],"name":"resolve","outputs":[{"internalType":"address payable","name":"","type":"address"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"_name","type":"bytes32"},{"internalType":"bool","name":"_allowZeroAddress","type":"bool"}],"name":"resolve","outputs":[{"internalType":"address payable","name":"","type":"address"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"newOwner","type":"address"}],"name":"transferOwnership","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"unpause","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"newImplementation","type":"address"}],"name":"upgradeTo","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"newImplementation","type":"address"},{"internalType":"bytes","name":"data","type":"bytes"}],"name":"upgradeToAndCall","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"payable","type":"function"}]

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