ETH Price: $3,355.03 (-1.00%)
Gas: 3.87 Gwei

Token

Perpetual (PERP)
 

Overview

Max Total Supply

150,000,000 PERP

Holders

13,730 ( 0.044%)

Market

Price

$0.81 @ 0.000240 ETH (-3.54%)

Onchain Market Cap

$120,995,250.00

Circulating Supply Market Cap

$58,634,438.00

Other Info

Token Contract (WITH 18 Decimals)

Balance
0.000034 PERP

Value
$0.00 ( ~0 Eth) [0.0000%]
0xdEA4b83a71BaE99a4DdB4a42E2732C0Be6D9fb48
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OVERVIEW

Perpetual Protocol is composed of two parts: Uniswap-inspired virtual AMMs backed by fully collateralized vaults and a built-in staking pool that provide a backstop for each virtual market.

Market

Volume (24H):$5,583,808.00
Market Capitalization:$58,634,438.00
Circulating Supply:72,609,864.00 PERP
Market Data Source: Coinmarketcap

# Exchange Pair Price  24H Volume % Volume
1
Biconomy.com
PERP-USDT$0.8081
0.0002411 Eth
$1,922,198.00
2,333,643.130 PERP
34.8218%
2
Binance
PERP-USDT$0.8085
0.0002410 Eth
$727,927.00
884,674.140 PERP
13.2008%
3
Bitget
PERP-USDT$0.8082
0.0002410 Eth
$601,768.00
730,582.890 PERP
10.9015%
4
Hotcoin
PERP-USDT$0.8081
0.0002411 Eth
$490,126.00
606,487.130 PERP
9.0498%
5
Bitrue
PERP3S-USDT$0.2347
0.0000700 Eth
$378,662.00
1,613,057.297 PERP3S
24.0695%
6
Bitrue
PERP3L-USDT$0.0005
0.0000002 Eth
$314,132.00
607,443,883.000 PERP3L
9,064.0629%
7
LBank
PERP-USDT$0.8079
0.0002411 Eth
$242,805.00
300,522.240 PERP
4.4843%
8
BYDFi
PERP-USDT$0.8085
0.0002412 Eth
$153,981.00
190,443.060 PERP
2.8417%
9
CoinCatch
PERP-USDT$0.8079
0.0002409 Eth
$116,475.00
141,396.700 PERP
2.1099%
10
Ourbit
PERP-USDT$0.8082
0.0002410 Eth
$112,543.00
136,795.170 PERP
2.0412%
11
CoinW
PERP-USDT$0.8081
0.0002410 Eth
$100,661.00
124,562.474 PERP
1.8587%
12
Tapbit
PERP-USDT$0.8075
0.0002409 Eth
$88,805.00
107,980.410 PERP
1.6112%
13
OKX
PERP-USDT$0.8061
0.0002404 Eth
$85,084.00
103,322.267 PERP
1.5417%
14
HTX
PERP-USDT$0.8084
0.0002410 Eth
$83,251.00
101,077.793 PERP
1.5082%
15
BitMart
PERP-USDT$0.8056
0.0002402 Eth
$73,143.00
90,790.600 PERP
1.3547%
16
Azbit
PERP-USDT$0.8073
0.0002409 Eth
$71,108.00
86,451.746 PERP
1.2900%
17
Bybit
PERP-USDT$0.8075
0.0002407 Eth
$56,532.00
68,770.580 PERP
1.0262%
18
Coinbase Exchange
PERP-USD$0.8081
0.0002411 Eth
$52,540.00
65,016.857 PERP
0.9702%
19
Phemex
PERP-USDT$0.8091
0.0002412 Eth
$51,721.00
63,920.870 PERP
0.9538%
20
XT.COM
PERP-USDT$0.8088
0.0002411 Eth
$51,021.00
62,000.320 PERP
0.9251%
21
Bitunix
PERP-USDT$0.8078
0.0002410 Eth
$50,879.00
62,984.270 PERP
0.9398%
22
BTSE
PERP-USDT$0.8076
0.0002411 Eth
$48,494.00
60,048.409 PERP
0.8960%
23
MEXC
PERP-USDT$0.8082
0.0002411 Eth
$47,484.00
58,753.210 PERP
0.8767%
24
Uniswap V3 (Ethereum)
0XBC396689893D065F41BC2C6ECBEE5E0085233447-0XC02AAA39B223FE8D0A0E5C4F27EAD9083C756CC2$0.8081
0.0002409 Eth
$43,390.00
53,269.930 0XBC396689893D065F41BC2C6ECBEE5E0085233447
0.7949%
25
Tokenize
PERP-USD$0.7984
0.0002386 Eth
$41,521.00
52,003.742 PERP
0.7760%
26
Tokenize
PERP-SGD$0.8007
0.0002390 Eth
$41,337.00
51,624.943 PERP
0.7703%
27
BingX
PERP-USDT$0.8075
0.0002407 Eth
$37,065.00
45,004.710 PERP
0.6715%
28
Bitkub
PERP-THB$0.8066
0.0002406 Eth
$24,976.00
30,965.213 PERP
0.4621%
29
Uniswap V3 (Optimism)
0X9E1028F5F1D5EDE59748FFCEE5532509976840E0-0X4200000000000000000000000000000000000006$0.8065
0.0002404 Eth
$23,715.00
29,220.340 0X9E1028F5F1D5EDE59748FFCEE5532509976840E0
0.4360%
30
KuCoin
PERP-USDT$0.8074
0.0002407 Eth
$21,546.00
26,685.238 PERP
0.3982%
31
Koinpark
PERP-USDT$0.8086
0.0002411 Eth
$18,652.50
23,067.331 PERP
0.3442%
32
Koinpark
PERP-INR$0.811
0.0002418 Eth
$18,476.05
22,782.576 PERP
0.3400%
33
Gate.io
PERP-USDT$0.8061
0.0002403 Eth
$11,794.04
14,396.240 PERP
0.2148%
34
Bitrue
PERP-USDT$0.8052
0.0002403 Eth
$11,240.28
13,959.960 PERP
0.2083%
35
Binance
PERP-BTC$0.8031
0.0002399 Eth
$8,907.61
10,981.340 PERP
0.1639%
36
Bitvavo
PERP-EUR$0.808
0.0002409 Eth
$8,751.09
10,830.485 PERP
0.1616%
37
CoinEx
PERP-USDT$0.8053
0.0002402 Eth
$7,834.14
9,533.190 PERP
0.1423%
38
Pionex
PERP-USDT$0.8064
0.0002404 Eth
$6,736.24
8,190.480 PERP
0.1222%
39
Velodrome Finance V2 (Optimism)
0X0B2C639C533813F4AA9D7837CAF62653D097FF85-0X9E1028F5F1D5EDE59748FFCEE5532509976840E0$0.8083
0.0002412 Eth
$3,958.36
4,006.194 0X0B2C639C533813F4AA9D7837CAF62653D097FF85
0.0598%
40
Tothemoon
PERP-USDT$0.8047
0.0002404 Eth
$3,947.64
4,905.870 PERP
0.0732%
41
WEEX
PERP-USDT$0.8082
0.0002411 Eth
$3,779.03
4,586.000 PERP
0.0684%
42
Kraken
PERP-USD$0.81
0.0002415 Eth
$2,210.63
2,729.169 PERP
0.0407%
43
Crypto.com Exchange
PERP-USD$0.8141
0.0002427 Eth
$2,056.00
2,525.400 PERP
0.0377%
44
Indodax
PERP-IDR$0.7814
0.0002331 Eth
$1,323.87
1,694.229 PERP
0.0253%
45
Bittime
PERP-IDR$0.814
0.0002427 Eth
$742.97
893.100 PERP
0.0133%
46
KuCoin
PERP-BTC$0.795
0.0002370 Eth
$651.82
819.921 PERP
0.0122%
47
Bit2Me
PERP-EUR$0.8183
0.0002440 Eth
$645.01
785.246 PERP
0.0117%
48
Bitstamp
PERP-EUR$0.8131
0.0002424 Eth
$579.13
712.279 PERP
0.0106%
49
Nami.Exchange
PERP-VNST$0.8072
0.0002408 Eth
$540.29
669.359 PERP
0.0100%
50
Nami.Exchange
PERP-USDT$0.808
0.0002411 Eth
$538.17
666.020 PERP
0.0099%
51
OKX
PERP-USDC$0.8322
0.0002481 Eth
$500.10
600.969 PERP
0.0090%
52
Kraken
PERP-EUR$0.8183
0.0002440 Eth
$328.35
401.272 PERP
0.0060%
53
Gate.io
PERP-ETH$0.808
0.0002409 Eth
$281.19
346.020 PERP
0.0052%
54
Mudrex
PERP-USDT$0.8078
0.0002410 Eth
$269.89
334.104 PERP
0.0050%
55
TokoCrypto
PERP-USDT$0.8156
0.0002421 Eth
$206.30
252.931 PERP
0.0038%
56
Velodrome Finance
0X9E1028F5F1D5EDE59748FFCEE5532509976840E0-0X7F5C764CBC14F9669B88837CA1490CCA17C31607$0.8102
0.0002418 Eth
$124.00
150.935 0X9E1028F5F1D5EDE59748FFCEE5532509976840E0
0.0023%
57
Bitstamp
PERP-USD$0.823
0.0002454 Eth
$97.48
118.449 PERP
0.0018%
58
Korbit
PERP-KRW$0.7979
0.0002354 Eth
$78.14
95.438 PERP
0.0014%
59
PancakeSwap V3 (BSC)
0X4E7F408BE2D4E9D60F49A64B89BB619C84C7C6F5-0XBB4CDB9CBD36B01BD1CBAEBF2DE08D9173BC095C$0.8157
0.0002410 Eth
$72.03
81.318 0X4E7F408BE2D4E9D60F49A64B89BB619C84C7C6F5
0.0012%
60
Uniswap V2 (Ethereum)
0XBC396689893D065F41BC2C6ECBEE5E0085233447-0XC02AAA39B223FE8D0A0E5C4F27EAD9083C756CC2$0.8049
0.0002401 Eth
$36.88
45.819 0XBC396689893D065F41BC2C6ECBEE5E0085233447
0.0007%
61
Velodrome Finance V2 (Optimism)
0X9E1028F5F1D5EDE59748FFCEE5532509976840E0-0X7F5C764CBC14F9669B88837CA1490CCA17C31607$0.8085
0.0002413 Eth
$15.92
19.392 0X9E1028F5F1D5EDE59748FFCEE5532509976840E0
0.0003%
62
Mercado Bitcoin
PERP-BRL$0.8154
0.0002431 Eth
$15.10
18.516 PERP
0.0003%
63
Uniswap V3 (Optimism)
0X9E1028F5F1D5EDE59748FFCEE5532509976840E0-0X4200000000000000000000000000000000000006$0.8293
0.0002449 Eth
$13.09
15.905 0X9E1028F5F1D5EDE59748FFCEE5532509976840E0
0.0002%
64
LATOKEN
PERP-USDT$0.8064
0.0002404 Eth
$11.22
13.916 PERP
0.0002%
65
Poloniex
PERP-USDT$0.7368
0.0002202 Eth
$6.65
9.028 PERP
0.0001%
66
Beethoven X (Optimism)
0X50C5725949A6F0C72E6C4A641F24049A917DB0CB-0X9E1028F5F1D5EDE59748FFCEE5532509976840E0$0.7596
0.0002241 Eth
$3.82
2,534.409 0X50C5725949A6F0C72E6C4A641F24049A917DB0CB
0.0378%
67
Beethoven X (Optimism)
0X8C6F28F2F1A3C87F0F938B96D27520D9751EC8D9-0X9E1028F5F1D5EDE59748FFCEE5532509976840E0$0.8007
0.0002361 Eth
$3.28
3.459 0X8C6F28F2F1A3C87F0F938B96D27520D9751EC8D9
0.0001%
68
Gate.io
PERP-TRY$0.7831
0.0002356 Eth
$2.02
2.583 PERP
0.0000%
69
Beethoven X (Optimism)
0X9E1028F5F1D5EDE59748FFCEE5532509976840E0-0XFE8B128BA8C78AABC59D4C64CEE7FF28E9379921$0.7801
0.0002345 Eth
$1.20
1.537 0X9E1028F5F1D5EDE59748FFCEE5532509976840E0
0.0000%
70
HitBTC
PERP-BTC$0.0047
0.0000014 Eth
$0.1832
38.590 PERP
0.0006%
71
Beethoven X (Optimism)
0X7F5C764CBC14F9669B88837CA1490CCA17C31607-0X9E1028F5F1D5EDE59748FFCEE5532509976840E0$0.8009
0.0002425 Eth
$0.1023
0.102 0X7F5C764CBC14F9669B88837CA1490CCA17C31607
0.0000%
72
Beethoven X (Optimism)
0X8700DAEC35AF8FF88C16BDF0418774CB3D7599B4-0X9E1028F5F1D5EDE59748FFCEE5532509976840E0$0.7868
0.0002350 Eth
$0.0539
0.026 0X8700DAEC35AF8FF88C16BDF0418774CB3D7599B4
0.0000%
73
Beethoven X (Optimism)
0X4200000000000000000000000000000000000042-0X9E1028F5F1D5EDE59748FFCEE5532509976840E0$0.7882
0.0002350 Eth
$0.0009
0.000 0X4200000000000000000000000000000000000042
0.0000%
74
Coinmetro
PERP-USDT$0.8077
0.0002409 Eth
$0.00
0.000 PERP
0.0000%

Contract Source Code Verified (Exact Match)

Contract Name:
PerpToken

Compiler Version
v0.6.7+commit.b8d736ae

Optimization Enabled:
Yes with 200 runs

Other Settings:
default evmVersion

Contract Source Code (Solidity)

/**
 *Submitted for verification at Etherscan.io on 2020-09-05
*/

// SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause

pragma solidity 0.6.7;


// 
/*
 * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
 * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
 * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
 * manner, since when dealing with GSN meta-transactions the account sending and
 * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
 * is concerned).
 *
 * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
 */
abstract contract Context {
    function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address payable) {
        return msg.sender;
    }

    function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes memory) {
        this; // silence state mutability warning without generating bytecode - see https://github.com/ethereum/solidity/issues/2691
        return msg.data;
    }
}

// 
/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC20 standard as defined in the EIP.
 */
interface IERC20 {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens in existence.
     */
    function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens owned by `account`.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from the caller's account to `recipient`.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transfer(address recipient, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remaining number of tokens that `spender` will be
     * allowed to spend on behalf of `owner` through {transferFrom}. This is
     * zero by default.
     *
     * This value changes when {approve} or {transferFrom} are called.
     */
    function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the caller's tokens.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk
     * that someone may use both the old and the new allowance by unfortunate
     * transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this race
     * condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the
     * desired value afterwards:
     * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     */
    function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from `sender` to `recipient` using the
     * allowance mechanism. `amount` is then deducted from the caller's
     * allowance.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transferFrom(address sender, address recipient, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens are moved from one account (`from`) to
     * another (`to`).
     *
     * Note that `value` may be zero.
     */
    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the allowance of a `spender` for an `owner` is set by
     * a call to {approve}. `value` is the new allowance.
     */
    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);
}

// 
/**
 * @dev Wrappers over Solidity's arithmetic operations with added overflow
 * checks.
 *
 * Arithmetic operations in Solidity wrap on overflow. This can easily result
 * in bugs, because programmers usually assume that an overflow raises an
 * error, which is the standard behavior in high level programming languages.
 * `SafeMath` restores this intuition by reverting the transaction when an
 * operation overflows.
 *
 * Using this library instead of the unchecked operations eliminates an entire
 * class of bugs, so it's recommended to use it always.
 */
library SafeMath {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the addition of two unsigned integers, reverting on
     * overflow.
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `+` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - Addition cannot overflow.
     */
    function add(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 c = a + b;
        require(c >= a, "SafeMath: addition overflow");

        return c;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the subtraction of two unsigned integers, reverting on
     * overflow (when the result is negative).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `-` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - Subtraction cannot overflow.
     */
    function sub(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return sub(a, b, "SafeMath: subtraction overflow");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the subtraction of two unsigned integers, reverting with custom message on
     * overflow (when the result is negative).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `-` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - Subtraction cannot overflow.
     */
    function sub(uint256 a, uint256 b, string memory errorMessage) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        require(b <= a, errorMessage);
        uint256 c = a - b;

        return c;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the multiplication of two unsigned integers, reverting on
     * overflow.
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `*` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - Multiplication cannot overflow.
     */
    function mul(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // Gas optimization: this is cheaper than requiring 'a' not being zero, but the
        // benefit is lost if 'b' is also tested.
        // See: https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/522
        if (a == 0) {
            return 0;
        }

        uint256 c = a * b;
        require(c / a == b, "SafeMath: multiplication overflow");

        return c;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the integer division of two unsigned integers. Reverts on
     * division by zero. The result is rounded towards zero.
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `/` operator. Note: this function uses a
     * `revert` opcode (which leaves remaining gas untouched) while Solidity
     * uses an invalid opcode to revert (consuming all remaining gas).
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The divisor cannot be zero.
     */
    function div(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return div(a, b, "SafeMath: division by zero");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the integer division of two unsigned integers. Reverts with custom message on
     * division by zero. The result is rounded towards zero.
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `/` operator. Note: this function uses a
     * `revert` opcode (which leaves remaining gas untouched) while Solidity
     * uses an invalid opcode to revert (consuming all remaining gas).
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The divisor cannot be zero.
     */
    function div(uint256 a, uint256 b, string memory errorMessage) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        require(b > 0, errorMessage);
        uint256 c = a / b;
        // assert(a == b * c + a % b); // There is no case in which this doesn't hold

        return c;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remainder of dividing two unsigned integers. (unsigned integer modulo),
     * Reverts when dividing by zero.
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `%` operator. This function uses a `revert`
     * opcode (which leaves remaining gas untouched) while Solidity uses an
     * invalid opcode to revert (consuming all remaining gas).
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The divisor cannot be zero.
     */
    function mod(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return mod(a, b, "SafeMath: modulo by zero");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remainder of dividing two unsigned integers. (unsigned integer modulo),
     * Reverts with custom message when dividing by zero.
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `%` operator. This function uses a `revert`
     * opcode (which leaves remaining gas untouched) while Solidity uses an
     * invalid opcode to revert (consuming all remaining gas).
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The divisor cannot be zero.
     */
    function mod(uint256 a, uint256 b, string memory errorMessage) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        require(b != 0, errorMessage);
        return a % b;
    }
}

// 
/**
 * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
 */
library Address {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract.
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this function returns
     * false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a contract.
     *
     * Among others, `isContract` will return false for the following
     * types of addresses:
     *
     *  - an externally-owned account
     *  - a contract in construction
     *  - an address where a contract will be created
     *  - an address where a contract lived, but was destroyed
     * ====
     */
    function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) {
        // According to EIP-1052, 0x0 is the value returned for not-yet created accounts
        // and 0xc5d2460186f7233c927e7db2dcc703c0e500b653ca82273b7bfad8045d85a470 is returned
        // for accounts without code, i.e. `keccak256('')`
        bytes32 codehash;
        bytes32 accountHash = 0xc5d2460186f7233c927e7db2dcc703c0e500b653ca82273b7bfad8045d85a470;
        // solhint-disable-next-line no-inline-assembly
        assembly { codehash := extcodehash(account) }
        return (codehash != accountHash && codehash != 0x0);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
     * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
     *
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
     * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
     * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
     * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
     *
     * https://diligence.consensys.net/posts/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
     *
     * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
     * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
     * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
     * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.5.11/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
     */
    function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
        require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Address: insufficient balance");

        // solhint-disable-next-line avoid-low-level-calls, avoid-call-value
        (bool success, ) = recipient.call{ value: amount }("");
        require(success, "Address: unable to send value, recipient may have reverted");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A
     * plain`call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this
     * function instead.
     *
     * If `target` reverts with a revert reason, it is bubbled up by this
     * function (like regular Solidity function calls).
     *
     * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value,
     * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`].
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `target` must be a contract.
     * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
      return functionCall(target, data, "Address: low-level call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], but with
     * `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data, string memory errorMessage) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return _functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`.
     * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(address target, bytes memory data, uint256 value) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, "Address: low-level call with value failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCallWithValue-address-bytes-uint256-}[`functionCallWithValue`], but
     * with `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(address target, bytes memory data, uint256 value, string memory errorMessage) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        require(address(this).balance >= value, "Address: insufficient balance for call");
        return _functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, errorMessage);
    }

    function _functionCallWithValue(address target, bytes memory data, uint256 weiValue, string memory errorMessage) private returns (bytes memory) {
        require(isContract(target), "Address: call to non-contract");

        // solhint-disable-next-line avoid-low-level-calls
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{ value: weiValue }(data);
        if (success) {
            return returndata;
        } else {
            // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present
            if (returndata.length > 0) {
                // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly

                // solhint-disable-next-line no-inline-assembly
                assembly {
                    let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
                    revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
                }
            } else {
                revert(errorMessage);
            }
        }
    }
}

// 
/**
 * @dev Implementation of the {IERC20} interface.
 *
 * This implementation is agnostic to the way tokens are created. This means
 * that a supply mechanism has to be added in a derived contract using {_mint}.
 * For a generic mechanism see {ERC20PresetMinterPauser}.
 *
 * TIP: For a detailed writeup see our guide
 * https://forum.zeppelin.solutions/t/how-to-implement-erc20-supply-mechanisms/226[How
 * to implement supply mechanisms].
 *
 * We have followed general OpenZeppelin guidelines: functions revert instead
 * of returning `false` on failure. This behavior is nonetheless conventional
 * and does not conflict with the expectations of ERC20 applications.
 *
 * Additionally, an {Approval} event is emitted on calls to {transferFrom}.
 * This allows applications to reconstruct the allowance for all accounts just
 * by listening to said events. Other implementations of the EIP may not emit
 * these events, as it isn't required by the specification.
 *
 * Finally, the non-standard {decreaseAllowance} and {increaseAllowance}
 * functions have been added to mitigate the well-known issues around setting
 * allowances. See {IERC20-approve}.
 */
contract ERC20 is Context, IERC20 {
    using SafeMath for uint256;
    using Address for address;

    mapping (address => uint256) private _balances;

    mapping (address => mapping (address => uint256)) private _allowances;

    uint256 private _totalSupply;

    string private _name;
    string private _symbol;
    uint8 private _decimals;

    /**
     * @dev Sets the values for {name} and {symbol}, initializes {decimals} with
     * a default value of 18.
     *
     * To select a different value for {decimals}, use {_setupDecimals}.
     *
     * All three of these values are immutable: they can only be set once during
     * construction.
     */
    constructor (string memory name, string memory symbol) public {
        _name = name;
        _symbol = symbol;
        _decimals = 18;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the name of the token.
     */
    function name() public view returns (string memory) {
        return _name;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the symbol of the token, usually a shorter version of the
     * name.
     */
    function symbol() public view returns (string memory) {
        return _symbol;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of decimals used to get its user representation.
     * For example, if `decimals` equals `2`, a balance of `505` tokens should
     * be displayed to a user as `5,05` (`505 / 10 ** 2`).
     *
     * Tokens usually opt for a value of 18, imitating the relationship between
     * Ether and Wei. This is the value {ERC20} uses, unless {_setupDecimals} is
     * called.
     *
     * NOTE: This information is only used for _display_ purposes: it in
     * no way affects any of the arithmetic of the contract, including
     * {IERC20-balanceOf} and {IERC20-transfer}.
     */
    function decimals() public view returns (uint8) {
        return _decimals;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-totalSupply}.
     */
    function totalSupply() public view override returns (uint256) {
        return _totalSupply;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-balanceOf}.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account) public view override returns (uint256) {
        return _balances[account];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-transfer}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `recipient` cannot be the zero address.
     * - the caller must have a balance of at least `amount`.
     */
    function transfer(address recipient, uint256 amount) public virtual override returns (bool) {
        _transfer(_msgSender(), recipient, amount);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-allowance}.
     */
    function allowance(address owner, address spender) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        return _allowances[owner][spender];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-approve}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     */
    function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) public virtual override returns (bool) {
        _approve(_msgSender(), spender, amount);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-transferFrom}.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event indicating the updated allowance. This is not
     * required by the EIP. See the note at the beginning of {ERC20};
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - `sender` and `recipient` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `sender` must have a balance of at least `amount`.
     * - the caller must have allowance for ``sender``'s tokens of at least
     * `amount`.
     */
    function transferFrom(address sender, address recipient, uint256 amount) public virtual override returns (bool) {
        _transfer(sender, recipient, amount);
        _approve(sender, _msgSender(), _allowances[sender][_msgSender()].sub(amount, "ERC20: transfer amount exceeds allowance"));
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Atomically increases the allowance granted to `spender` by the caller.
     *
     * This is an alternative to {approve} that can be used as a mitigation for
     * problems described in {IERC20-approve}.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event indicating the updated allowance.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     */
    function increaseAllowance(address spender, uint256 addedValue) public virtual returns (bool) {
        _approve(_msgSender(), spender, _allowances[_msgSender()][spender].add(addedValue));
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Atomically decreases the allowance granted to `spender` by the caller.
     *
     * This is an alternative to {approve} that can be used as a mitigation for
     * problems described in {IERC20-approve}.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event indicating the updated allowance.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `spender` must have allowance for the caller of at least
     * `subtractedValue`.
     */
    function decreaseAllowance(address spender, uint256 subtractedValue) public virtual returns (bool) {
        _approve(_msgSender(), spender, _allowances[_msgSender()][spender].sub(subtractedValue, "ERC20: decreased allowance below zero"));
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Moves tokens `amount` from `sender` to `recipient`.
     *
     * This is internal function is equivalent to {transfer}, and can be used to
     * e.g. implement automatic token fees, slashing mechanisms, etc.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `sender` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `recipient` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `sender` must have a balance of at least `amount`.
     */
    function _transfer(address sender, address recipient, uint256 amount) internal virtual {
        require(sender != address(0), "ERC20: transfer from the zero address");
        require(recipient != address(0), "ERC20: transfer to the zero address");

        _beforeTokenTransfer(sender, recipient, amount);

        _balances[sender] = _balances[sender].sub(amount, "ERC20: transfer amount exceeds balance");
        _balances[recipient] = _balances[recipient].add(amount);
        emit Transfer(sender, recipient, amount);
    }

    /** @dev Creates `amount` tokens and assigns them to `account`, increasing
     * the total supply.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event with `from` set to the zero address.
     *
     * Requirements
     *
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     */
    function _mint(address account, uint256 amount) internal virtual {
        require(account != address(0), "ERC20: mint to the zero address");

        _beforeTokenTransfer(address(0), account, amount);

        _totalSupply = _totalSupply.add(amount);
        _balances[account] = _balances[account].add(amount);
        emit Transfer(address(0), account, amount);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Destroys `amount` tokens from `account`, reducing the
     * total supply.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event with `to` set to the zero address.
     *
     * Requirements
     *
     * - `account` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `account` must have at least `amount` tokens.
     */
    function _burn(address account, uint256 amount) internal virtual {
        require(account != address(0), "ERC20: burn from the zero address");

        _beforeTokenTransfer(account, address(0), amount);

        _balances[account] = _balances[account].sub(amount, "ERC20: burn amount exceeds balance");
        _totalSupply = _totalSupply.sub(amount);
        emit Transfer(account, address(0), amount);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the `owner`s tokens.
     *
     * This is internal function is equivalent to `approve`, and can be used to
     * e.g. set automatic allowances for certain subsystems, etc.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `owner` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     */
    function _approve(address owner, address spender, uint256 amount) internal virtual {
        require(owner != address(0), "ERC20: approve from the zero address");
        require(spender != address(0), "ERC20: approve to the zero address");

        _allowances[owner][spender] = amount;
        emit Approval(owner, spender, amount);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Sets {decimals} to a value other than the default one of 18.
     *
     * WARNING: This function should only be called from the constructor. Most
     * applications that interact with token contracts will not expect
     * {decimals} to ever change, and may work incorrectly if it does.
     */
    function _setupDecimals(uint8 decimals_) internal {
        _decimals = decimals_;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Hook that is called before any transfer of tokens. This includes
     * minting and burning.
     *
     * Calling conditions:
     *
     * - when `from` and `to` are both non-zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens
     * will be to transferred to `to`.
     * - when `from` is zero, `amount` tokens will be minted for `to`.
     * - when `to` is zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens will be burned.
     * - `from` and `to` are never both zero.
     *
     * To learn more about hooks, head to xref:ROOT:extending-contracts.adoc#using-hooks[Using Hooks].
     */
    function _beforeTokenTransfer(address from, address to, uint256 amount) internal virtual { }
}

// copy from openzeppelin Ownable, only modify how the owner transfer
/**
 * @dev Contract module which provides a basic access control mechanism, where
 * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
 * specific functions.
 *
 * By default, the owner account will be the one that deploys the contract. This
 * can later be changed with {transferOwnership}.
 *
 * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the modifier
 * `onlyOwner`, which can be applied to your functions to restrict their use to
 * the owner.
 */
contract PerpFiOwnable is Context {
    address private _owner;
    address private _candidate;

    event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract setting the deployer as the initial owner.
     */
    constructor() internal {
        address msgSender = _msgSender();
        _owner = msgSender;
        emit OwnershipTransferred(address(0), msgSender);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address of the current owner.
     */
    function owner() public view returns (address) {
        return _owner;
    }

    function candidate() public view returns (address) {
        return _candidate;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
     */
    modifier onlyOwner() {
        require(_owner == _msgSender(), "PerpFiOwnable: caller is not the owner");
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Leaves the contract without owner. It will not be possible to call
     * `onlyOwner` functions anymore. Can only be called by the current owner.
     *
     * NOTE: Renouncing ownership will leave the contract without an owner,
     * thereby removing any functionality that is only available to the owner.
     */
    function renounceOwnership() public virtual onlyOwner {
        emit OwnershipTransferred(_owner, address(0));
        _owner = address(0);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Set ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Can only be called by the current owner.
     */
    function setOwner(address newOwner) public onlyOwner {
        require(newOwner != address(0), "PerpFiOwnable: zero address");
        require(newOwner != _owner, "PerpFiOwnable: same as original");
        require(newOwner != _candidate, "PerpFiOwnable: same as candidate");
        _candidate = newOwner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`_candidate`).
     * Can only be called by the new owner.
     */
    function updateOwner() public {
        require(_candidate != address(0), "PerpFiOwnable: candidate is zero address");
        require(_candidate == _msgSender(), "PerpFiOwnable: not the new owner");

        emit OwnershipTransferred(_owner, _candidate);
        _owner = _candidate;
        _candidate = address(0);
    }
}

contract PerpToken is ERC20, PerpFiOwnable {
    mapping(address => bool) public minters;

    constructor(uint256 _initialSupply) public ERC20("Perpetual", "PERP") {
        _mint(msg.sender, _initialSupply);
    }

    function mint(address account, uint256 amount) external {
        require(minters[msg.sender], "!minter");
        _mint(account, amount);
    }

    function addMinter(address _minter) external onlyOwner {
        minters[_minter] = true;
    }

    function removeMinter(address _minter) external onlyOwner {
        minters[_minter] = false;
    }
}

Contract Security Audit

Contract ABI

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Constructor Arguments (ABI-Encoded and is the last bytes of the Contract Creation Code above)

0000000000000000000000000000000000000000007c13bc4b2c133c56000000

-----Decoded View---------------
Arg [0] : _initialSupply (uint256): 150000000000000000000000000

-----Encoded View---------------
1 Constructor Arguments found :
Arg [0] : 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000007c13bc4b2c133c56000000


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