ETH Price: $2,489.15 (+1.76%)

Transaction Decoder

Block:
12630194 at Jun-14-2021 03:30:32 AM +UTC
Transaction Fee:
0.003130182 ETH $7.79
Gas Used:
284,562 Gas / 11 Gwei

Emitted Events:

330 XYZToken.Transfer( from=CommunityVault, to=Rewards, value=205026455026450000000 )
331 XYZToken.Approval( owner=CommunityVault, spender=Rewards, value=48979113756613776800000000 )
332 XYZToken.Transfer( from=[Sender] 0xa1c6bf9a94e603c0c7e0559a9bbe6329137239f7, to=[Receiver] Supernova, value=423604832178128368130 )
333 XYZToken.Approval( owner=[Sender] 0xa1c6bf9a94e603c0c7e0559a9bbe6329137239f7, spender=[Receiver] Supernova, value=115792089237316195423570985008687907853269984665640564039033979175735001271805 )
334 Supernova.0x90890809c654f11d6e72a28fa60149770a0d11ec6c92319d6ceb2bb0a4ea1a15( 0x90890809c654f11d6e72a28fa60149770a0d11ec6c92319d6ceb2bb0a4ea1a15, 0x000000000000000000000000a1c6bf9a94e603c0c7e0559a9bbe6329137239f7, 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000016f6b2ae82ec4d3202, 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000016f6b2ae82ec4d3202 )

Account State Difference:

  Address   Before After State Difference Code
(AntPool 2)
1,801.679525192633979003 Eth1,801.682655374633979003 Eth0.003130182
0x618679dF...Eacfa2883
0x7b866002...Eb6872962
0xa1C6bf9a...9137239f7
2.015578807846571699 Eth
Nonce: 2936
2.012448625846571699 Eth
Nonce: 2937
0.003130182
0xF306Ad6a...1d9c31205

Execution Trace

Supernova.b6b55f25( )
  • 0x8aa4387412f18543b8d4cf16ef60e868a74f1f0d.b6b55f25( )
    • XYZToken.allowance( owner=0xa1C6bf9a94E603c0C7e0559A9BBe6329137239f7, spender=0x7b86600211e62B597E7CEA03476b9EFEb6872962 ) => ( 115792089237316195423570985008687907853269984665640564039457584007913129639935 )
    • Rewards.registerUserAction( user=0xa1C6bf9a94E603c0C7e0559A9BBe6329137239f7 )
      • XYZToken.transferFrom( sender=0xc6f269bcdE85CBA7C9d91aE5fB91f5612ff9bd8e, recipient=0xF306Ad6a3E2aBd5CFD6687A2C86998f1d9c31205, amount=205026455026450000000 ) => ( True )
      • XYZToken.balanceOf( account=0xF306Ad6a3E2aBd5CFD6687A2C86998f1d9c31205 ) => ( 221821230947801711291967 )
      • Supernova.STATICCALL( )
        • 0x8aa4387412f18543b8d4cf16ef60e868a74f1f0d.DELEGATECALL( )
        • Supernova.70a08231( )
          • 0x8aa4387412f18543b8d4cf16ef60e868a74f1f0d.70a08231( )
          • XYZToken.transferFrom( sender=0xa1C6bf9a94E603c0C7e0559A9BBe6329137239f7, recipient=0x7b86600211e62B597E7CEA03476b9EFEb6872962, amount=423604832178128368130 ) => ( True )
            File 1 of 4: Supernova
            // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
            pragma solidity 0.7.6;
            pragma experimental ABIEncoderV2;
            import "./interfaces/IDiamondCut.sol";
            import "./interfaces/IDiamondLoupe.sol";
            import "./libraries/LibDiamond.sol";
            import "./libraries/LibOwnership.sol";
            import "./libraries/LibDiamondStorage.sol";
            import "./interfaces/IERC165.sol";
            import "./interfaces/IERC173.sol";
            contract Supernova {
                constructor(IDiamondCut.FacetCut[] memory _diamondCut, address _owner) payable {
                    require(_owner != address(0), "owner must not be 0x0");
                    LibDiamond.diamondCut(_diamondCut, address(0), new bytes(0));
                    LibOwnership.setContractOwner(_owner);
                    LibDiamondStorage.DiamondStorage storage ds = LibDiamondStorage.diamondStorage();
                    // adding ERC165 data
                    ds.supportedInterfaces[type(IERC165).interfaceId] = true;
                    ds.supportedInterfaces[type(IDiamondCut).interfaceId] = true;
                    ds.supportedInterfaces[type(IDiamondLoupe).interfaceId] = true;
                    ds.supportedInterfaces[type(IERC173).interfaceId] = true;
                }
                // Find facet for function that is called and execute the
                // function if a facet is found and return any value.
                fallback() external payable {
                    LibDiamondStorage.DiamondStorage storage ds = LibDiamondStorage.diamondStorage();
                    address facet = address(bytes20(ds.facets[msg.sig].facetAddress));
                    require(facet != address(0), "Diamond: Function does not exist");
                    assembly {
                        calldatacopy(0, 0, calldatasize())
                        let result := delegatecall(gas(), facet, 0, calldatasize(), 0, 0)
                        returndatacopy(0, 0, returndatasize())
                        switch result
                        case 0 {
                            revert(0, returndatasize())
                        }
                        default {
                            return (0, returndatasize())
                        }
                    }
                }
                receive() external payable {}
            }
            // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
            pragma solidity 0.7.6;
            pragma experimental ABIEncoderV2;
            interface IDiamondCut {
                enum FacetCutAction {Add, Replace, Remove}
                // Add=0, Replace=1, Remove=2
                struct FacetCut {
                    address facetAddress;
                    FacetCutAction action;
                    bytes4[] functionSelectors;
                }
                /// @notice Add/replace/remove any number of functions and optionally execute
                ///         a function with delegatecall
                /// @param _diamondCut Contains the facet addresses and function selectors
                /// @param _init The address of the contract or facet to execute _calldata
                /// @param _calldata A function call, including function selector and arguments
                ///                  _calldata is executed with delegatecall on _init
                function diamondCut(
                    FacetCut[] calldata _diamondCut,
                    address _init,
                    bytes calldata _calldata
                ) external;
                event DiamondCut(FacetCut[] _diamondCut, address _init, bytes _calldata);
            }
            // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
            pragma solidity 0.7.6;
            pragma experimental ABIEncoderV2;
            // A loupe is a small magnifying glass used to look at diamonds.
            // These functions look at diamonds
            interface IDiamondLoupe {
                /// These functions are expected to be called frequently
                /// by tools.
                struct Facet {
                    address facetAddress;
                    bytes4[] functionSelectors;
                }
                /// @notice Gets all facet addresses and their four byte function selectors.
                /// @return facets_ Facet
                function facets() external view returns (Facet[] memory facets_);
                /// @notice Gets all the function selectors supported by a specific facet.
                /// @param _facet The facet address.
                /// @return facetFunctionSelectors_
                function facetFunctionSelectors(address _facet) external view returns (bytes4[] memory facetFunctionSelectors_);
                /// @notice Get all the facet addresses used by a diamond.
                /// @return facetAddresses_
                function facetAddresses() external view returns (address[] memory facetAddresses_);
                /// @notice Gets the facet that supports the given selector.
                /// @dev If facet is not found return address(0).
                /// @param _functionSelector The function selector.
                /// @return facetAddress_ The facet address.
                function facetAddress(bytes4 _functionSelector) external view returns (address facetAddress_);
            }
            // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
            pragma solidity 0.7.6;
            pragma experimental ABIEncoderV2;
            import "../interfaces/IDiamondCut.sol";
            import "./LibDiamondStorage.sol";
            library LibDiamond {
                event DiamondCut(IDiamondCut.FacetCut[] _diamondCut, address _init, bytes _calldata);
                // Internal function version of diamondCut
                // This code is almost the same as the external diamondCut,
                // except it is using 'Facet[] memory _diamondCut' instead of
                // 'Facet[] calldata _diamondCut'.
                // The code is duplicated to prevent copying calldata to memory which
                // causes an error for a two dimensional array.
                function diamondCut(
                    IDiamondCut.FacetCut[] memory _diamondCut,
                    address _init,
                    bytes memory _calldata
                ) internal {
                    uint256 selectorCount = LibDiamondStorage.diamondStorage().selectors.length;
                    for (uint256 facetIndex; facetIndex < _diamondCut.length; facetIndex++) {
                        selectorCount = executeDiamondCut(selectorCount, _diamondCut[facetIndex]);
                    }
                    emit DiamondCut(_diamondCut, _init, _calldata);
                    initializeDiamondCut(_init, _calldata);
                }
                // executeDiamondCut takes one single FacetCut action and executes it
                // if FacetCutAction can't be identified, it reverts
                function executeDiamondCut(uint256 selectorCount, IDiamondCut.FacetCut memory cut) internal returns (uint256) {
                    require(cut.functionSelectors.length > 0, "LibDiamond: No selectors in facet to cut");
                    if (cut.action == IDiamondCut.FacetCutAction.Add) {
                        require(cut.facetAddress != address(0), "LibDiamond: add facet address can't be address(0)");
                        enforceHasContractCode(cut.facetAddress, "LibDiamond: add facet must have code");
                        return _handleAddCut(selectorCount, cut);
                    }
                    if (cut.action == IDiamondCut.FacetCutAction.Replace) {
                        require(cut.facetAddress != address(0), "LibDiamond: remove facet address can't be address(0)");
                        enforceHasContractCode(cut.facetAddress, "LibDiamond: remove facet must have code");
                        return _handleReplaceCut(selectorCount, cut);
                    }
                    if (cut.action == IDiamondCut.FacetCutAction.Remove) {
                        require(cut.facetAddress == address(0), "LibDiamond: remove facet address must be address(0)");
                        return _handleRemoveCut(selectorCount, cut);
                    }
                    revert("LibDiamondCut: Incorrect FacetCutAction");
                }
                // _handleAddCut executes a cut with the type Add
                // it reverts if the selector already exists
                function _handleAddCut(uint256 selectorCount, IDiamondCut.FacetCut memory cut) internal returns (uint256) {
                    LibDiamondStorage.DiamondStorage storage ds = LibDiamondStorage.diamondStorage();
                    for (uint256 selectorIndex; selectorIndex < cut.functionSelectors.length; selectorIndex++) {
                        bytes4 selector = cut.functionSelectors[selectorIndex];
                        address oldFacetAddress = ds.facets[selector].facetAddress;
                        require(oldFacetAddress == address(0), "LibDiamondCut: Can't add function that already exists");
                        ds.facets[selector] = LibDiamondStorage.Facet(
                            cut.facetAddress,
                            uint16(selectorCount)
                        );
                        ds.selectors.push(selector);
                        selectorCount++;
                    }
                    return selectorCount;
                }
                // _handleReplaceCut executes a cut with the type Replace
                // it does not allow replacing immutable functions
                // it does not allow replacing with the same function
                // it does not allow replacing a function that does not exist
                function _handleReplaceCut(uint256 selectorCount, IDiamondCut.FacetCut memory cut) internal returns (uint256) {
                    LibDiamondStorage.DiamondStorage storage ds = LibDiamondStorage.diamondStorage();
                    for (uint256 selectorIndex; selectorIndex < cut.functionSelectors.length; selectorIndex++) {
                        bytes4 selector = cut.functionSelectors[selectorIndex];
                        address oldFacetAddress = ds.facets[selector].facetAddress;
                        // only useful if immutable functions exist
                        require(oldFacetAddress != address(this), "LibDiamondCut: Can't replace immutable function");
                        require(oldFacetAddress != cut.facetAddress, "LibDiamondCut: Can't replace function with same function");
                        require(oldFacetAddress != address(0), "LibDiamondCut: Can't replace function that doesn't exist");
                        // replace old facet address
                        ds.facets[selector].facetAddress = cut.facetAddress;
                    }
                    return selectorCount;
                }
                // _handleRemoveCut executes a cut with the type Remove
                // for efficiency, the selector to be deleted is replaced with the last one and then the last one is popped
                // it reverts if the function doesn't exist or it's immutable
                function _handleRemoveCut(uint256 selectorCount, IDiamondCut.FacetCut memory cut) internal returns (uint256) {
                    LibDiamondStorage.DiamondStorage storage ds = LibDiamondStorage.diamondStorage();
                    for (uint256 selectorIndex; selectorIndex < cut.functionSelectors.length; selectorIndex++) {
                        bytes4 selector = cut.functionSelectors[selectorIndex];
                        LibDiamondStorage.Facet memory oldFacet = ds.facets[selector];
                        require(oldFacet.facetAddress != address(0), "LibDiamondCut: Can't remove function that doesn't exist");
                        require(oldFacet.facetAddress != address(this), "LibDiamondCut: Can't remove immutable function.");
                        // replace selector with last selector
                        if (oldFacet.selectorPosition != selectorCount - 1) {
                            bytes4 lastSelector = ds.selectors[selectorCount - 1];
                            ds.selectors[oldFacet.selectorPosition] = lastSelector;
                            ds.facets[lastSelector].selectorPosition = oldFacet.selectorPosition;
                        }
                        // delete last selector
                        ds.selectors.pop();
                        delete ds.facets[selector];
                        selectorCount--;
                    }
                    return selectorCount;
                }
                function initializeDiamondCut(address _init, bytes memory _calldata) internal {
                    if (_init == address(0)) {
                        require(_calldata.length == 0, "LibDiamondCut: _init is address(0) but _calldata is not empty");
                        return;
                    }
                    require(_calldata.length > 0, "LibDiamondCut: _calldata is empty but _init is not address(0)");
                    if (_init != address(this)) {
                        enforceHasContractCode(_init, "LibDiamondCut: _init address has no code");
                    }
                    (bool success, bytes memory error) = _init.delegatecall(_calldata);
                    if (!success) {
                        if (error.length > 0) {
                            // bubble up the error
                            revert(string(error));
                        } else {
                            revert("LibDiamondCut: _init function reverted");
                        }
                    }
                }
                function enforceHasContractCode(address _contract, string memory _errorMessage) internal view {
                    uint256 contractSize;
                    assembly {
                        contractSize := extcodesize(_contract)
                    }
                    require(contractSize > 0, _errorMessage);
                }
            }
            // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
            pragma solidity 0.7.6;
            pragma experimental ABIEncoderV2;
            import "./LibDiamondStorage.sol";
            library LibOwnership {
                event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);
                function setContractOwner(address _newOwner) internal {
                    LibDiamondStorage.DiamondStorage storage ds = LibDiamondStorage.diamondStorage();
                    address previousOwner = ds.contractOwner;
                    require(previousOwner != _newOwner, "Previous owner and new owner must be different");
                    ds.contractOwner = _newOwner;
                    emit OwnershipTransferred(previousOwner, _newOwner);
                }
                function contractOwner() internal view returns (address contractOwner_) {
                    contractOwner_ = LibDiamondStorage.diamondStorage().contractOwner;
                }
                function enforceIsContractOwner() view internal {
                    require(msg.sender == LibDiamondStorage.diamondStorage().contractOwner, "Must be contract owner");
                }
                modifier onlyOwner {
                    require(msg.sender == LibDiamondStorage.diamondStorage().contractOwner, "Must be contract owner");
                    _;
                }
            }
            // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
            pragma solidity 0.7.6;
            pragma experimental ABIEncoderV2;
            library LibDiamondStorage {
                bytes32 constant DIAMOND_STORAGE_POSITION = keccak256("diamond.standard.diamond.storage");
                struct Facet {
                    address facetAddress;
                    uint16 selectorPosition;
                }
                struct DiamondStorage {
                    // function selector => facet address and selector position in selectors array
                    mapping(bytes4 => Facet) facets;
                    bytes4[] selectors;
                    // ERC165
                    mapping(bytes4 => bool) supportedInterfaces;
                    // owner of the contract
                    address contractOwner;
                }
                function diamondStorage() internal pure returns (DiamondStorage storage ds) {
                    bytes32 position = DIAMOND_STORAGE_POSITION;
                    assembly {
                        ds.slot := position
                    }
                }
            }
            // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
            pragma solidity 0.7.6;
            pragma experimental ABIEncoderV2;
            interface IERC165 {
                /// @notice Query if a contract implements an interface
                /// @param interfaceId The interface identifier, as specified in ERC-165
                /// @dev Interface identification is specified in ERC-165. This function
                ///  uses less than 30,000 gas.
                /// @return `true` if the contract implements `interfaceID` and
                ///  `interfaceID` is not 0xffffffff, `false` otherwise
                function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) external view returns (bool);
            }
            // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
            pragma solidity 0.7.6;
            /// @title ERC-173 Contract Ownership Standard
            ///  Note: the ERC-165 identifier for this interface is 0x7f5828d0
            /* is ERC165 */
            interface IERC173 {
                /// @dev This emits when ownership of a contract changes.
                event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);
                /// @notice Get the address of the owner
                /// @return owner_ The address of the owner.
                function owner() external view returns (address owner_);
                /// @notice Set the address of the new owner of the contract
                /// @dev Set _newOwner to address(0) to renounce any ownership.
                /// @param _newOwner The address of the new owner of the contract
                function transferOwnership(address _newOwner) external;
            }
            

            File 2 of 4: CommunityVault
            pragma solidity ^0.6.0;
            import "@openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable.sol";
            import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";
            contract CommunityVault is Ownable {
                IERC20 private _xyz;
                constructor (address xyz) public {
                    _xyz = IERC20(xyz);
                }
                event SetAllowance(address indexed caller, address indexed spender, uint256 amount);
                function setAllowance(address spender, uint amount) public onlyOwner {
                    _xyz.approve(spender, amount);
                    emit SetAllowance(msg.sender, spender, amount);
                }
            }
            // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
            pragma solidity ^0.6.0;
            import "../GSN/Context.sol";
            /**
             * @dev Contract module which provides a basic access control mechanism, where
             * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
             * specific functions.
             *
             * By default, the owner account will be the one that deploys the contract. This
             * can later be changed with {transferOwnership}.
             *
             * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the modifier
             * `onlyOwner`, which can be applied to your functions to restrict their use to
             * the owner.
             */
            contract Ownable is Context {
                address private _owner;
                event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);
                /**
                 * @dev Initializes the contract setting the deployer as the initial owner.
                 */
                constructor () internal {
                    address msgSender = _msgSender();
                    _owner = msgSender;
                    emit OwnershipTransferred(address(0), msgSender);
                }
                /**
                 * @dev Returns the address of the current owner.
                 */
                function owner() public view returns (address) {
                    return _owner;
                }
                /**
                 * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
                 */
                modifier onlyOwner() {
                    require(_owner == _msgSender(), "Ownable: caller is not the owner");
                    _;
                }
                /**
                 * @dev Leaves the contract without owner. It will not be possible to call
                 * `onlyOwner` functions anymore. Can only be called by the current owner.
                 *
                 * NOTE: Renouncing ownership will leave the contract without an owner,
                 * thereby removing any functionality that is only available to the owner.
                 */
                function renounceOwnership() public virtual onlyOwner {
                    emit OwnershipTransferred(_owner, address(0));
                    _owner = address(0);
                }
                /**
                 * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
                 * Can only be called by the current owner.
                 */
                function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual onlyOwner {
                    require(newOwner != address(0), "Ownable: new owner is the zero address");
                    emit OwnershipTransferred(_owner, newOwner);
                    _owner = newOwner;
                }
            }
            // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
            pragma solidity ^0.6.0;
            /**
             * @dev Interface of the ERC20 standard as defined in the EIP.
             */
            interface IERC20 {
                /**
                 * @dev Returns the amount of tokens in existence.
                 */
                function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);
                /**
                 * @dev Returns the amount of tokens owned by `account`.
                 */
                function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);
                /**
                 * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from the caller's account to `recipient`.
                 *
                 * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
                 *
                 * Emits a {Transfer} event.
                 */
                function transfer(address recipient, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);
                /**
                 * @dev Returns the remaining number of tokens that `spender` will be
                 * allowed to spend on behalf of `owner` through {transferFrom}. This is
                 * zero by default.
                 *
                 * This value changes when {approve} or {transferFrom} are called.
                 */
                function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);
                /**
                 * @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the caller's tokens.
                 *
                 * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
                 *
                 * IMPORTANT: Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk
                 * that someone may use both the old and the new allowance by unfortunate
                 * transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this race
                 * condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the
                 * desired value afterwards:
                 * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729
                 *
                 * Emits an {Approval} event.
                 */
                function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);
                /**
                 * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from `sender` to `recipient` using the
                 * allowance mechanism. `amount` is then deducted from the caller's
                 * allowance.
                 *
                 * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
                 *
                 * Emits a {Transfer} event.
                 */
                function transferFrom(address sender, address recipient, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);
                /**
                 * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens are moved from one account (`from`) to
                 * another (`to`).
                 *
                 * Note that `value` may be zero.
                 */
                event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);
                /**
                 * @dev Emitted when the allowance of a `spender` for an `owner` is set by
                 * a call to {approve}. `value` is the new allowance.
                 */
                event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);
            }
            // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
            pragma solidity ^0.6.0;
            /*
             * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
             * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
             * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
             * manner, since when dealing with GSN meta-transactions the account sending and
             * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
             * is concerned).
             *
             * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
             */
            abstract contract Context {
                function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address payable) {
                    return msg.sender;
                }
                function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes memory) {
                    this; // silence state mutability warning without generating bytecode - see https://github.com/ethereum/solidity/issues/2691
                    return msg.data;
                }
            }
            

            File 3 of 4: Rewards
            // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
            pragma solidity 0.7.6;
            pragma experimental ABIEncoderV2;
            import "@openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable.sol";
            import "@openzeppelin/contracts/math/SafeMath.sol";
            import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";
            import "./interfaces/ISupernova.sol";
            contract Rewards is Ownable {
                using SafeMath for uint256;
                uint256 constant decimals = 10 ** 18;
                struct Pull {
                    address source;
                    uint256 startTs;
                    uint256 endTs;
                    uint256 totalDuration;
                    uint256 totalAmount;
                }
                Pull public pullFeature;
                bool public disabled;
                uint256 public lastPullTs;
                uint256 public balanceBefore;
                uint256 public currentMultiplier;
                mapping(address => uint256) public userMultiplier;
                mapping(address => uint256) public owed;
                ISupernova public supernova;
                IERC20 public rewardToken;
                event Claim(address indexed user, uint256 amount);
                constructor(address _owner, address _token, address _supernova) {
                    require(_token != address(0), "reward token must not be 0x0");
                    require(_supernova != address(0), "supernova address must not be 0x0");
                    transferOwnership(_owner);
                    rewardToken = IERC20(_token);
                    supernova = ISupernova(_supernova);
                }
                // registerUserAction is called by the Supernova every time the user does a deposit or withdrawal in order to
                // account for the changes in reward that the user should get
                // it updates the amount owed to the user without transferring the funds
                function registerUserAction(address user) public {
                    require(msg.sender == address(supernova), 'only callable by supernova');
                    _calculateOwed(user);
                }
                // claim calculates the currently owed reward and transfers the funds to the user
                function claim() public returns (uint256){
                    _calculateOwed(msg.sender);
                    uint256 amount = owed[msg.sender];
                    require(amount > 0, "nothing to claim");
                    owed[msg.sender] = 0;
                    rewardToken.transfer(msg.sender, amount);
                    // acknowledge the amount that was transferred to the user
                    ackFunds();
                    emit Claim(msg.sender, amount);
                    return amount;
                }
                // ackFunds checks the difference between the last known balance of `token` and the current one
                // if it goes up, the multiplier is re-calculated
                // if it goes down, it only updates the known balance
                function ackFunds() public {
                    uint256 balanceNow = rewardToken.balanceOf(address(this));
                    if (balanceNow == 0 || balanceNow <= balanceBefore) {
                        balanceBefore = balanceNow;
                        return;
                    }
                    uint256 totalStakedXyz = supernova.xyzStaked();
                    // if there's no xyz staked, it doesn't make sense to ackFunds because there's nobody to distribute them to
                    // and the calculation would fail anyways due to division by 0
                    if (totalStakedXyz == 0) {
                        return;
                    }
                    uint256 diff = balanceNow.sub(balanceBefore);
                    uint256 multiplier = currentMultiplier.add(diff.mul(decimals).div(totalStakedXyz));
                    balanceBefore = balanceNow;
                    currentMultiplier = multiplier;
                }
                // setupPullToken is used to setup the rewards system; only callable by contract owner
                // set source to address(0) to disable the functionality
                function setupPullToken(address source, uint256 startTs, uint256 endTs, uint256 amount) public {
                    require(msg.sender == owner(), "!owner");
                    require(!disabled, "contract is disabled");
                    if (pullFeature.source != address(0)) {
                        require(source == address(0), "contract is already set up, source must be 0x0");
                        disabled = true;
                    } else {
                        require(source != address(0), "contract is not setup, source must be != 0x0");
                    }
                    if (source == address(0)) {
                        require(startTs == 0, "disable contract: startTs must be 0");
                        require(endTs == 0, "disable contract: endTs must be 0");
                        require(amount == 0, "disable contract: amount must be 0");
                    } else {
                        require(endTs > startTs, "setup contract: endTs must be greater than startTs");
                        require(amount > 0, "setup contract: amount must be greater than 0");
                    }
                    pullFeature.source = source;
                    pullFeature.startTs = startTs;
                    pullFeature.endTs = endTs;
                    pullFeature.totalDuration = endTs.sub(startTs);
                    pullFeature.totalAmount = amount;
                    if (lastPullTs < startTs) {
                        lastPullTs = startTs;
                    }
                }
                // setSupernova sets the address of the UniversXYZ Supernova into the state variable
                function setSupernova(address _supernova) public {
                    require(_supernova != address(0), 'supernova address must not be 0x0');
                    require(msg.sender == owner(), '!owner');
                    supernova = ISupernova(_supernova);
                }
                // _pullToken calculates the amount based on the time passed since the last pull relative
                // to the total amount of time that the pull functionality is active and executes a transferFrom from the
                // address supplied as `pullTokenFrom`, if enabled
                function _pullToken() internal {
                    if (
                        pullFeature.source == address(0) ||
                        block.timestamp < pullFeature.startTs
                    ) {
                        return;
                    }
                    uint256 timestampCap = pullFeature.endTs;
                    if (block.timestamp < pullFeature.endTs) {
                        timestampCap = block.timestamp;
                    }
                    if (lastPullTs >= timestampCap) {
                        return;
                    }
                    uint256 timeSinceLastPull = timestampCap.sub(lastPullTs);
                    uint256 shareToPull = timeSinceLastPull.mul(decimals).div(pullFeature.totalDuration);
                    uint256 amountToPull = pullFeature.totalAmount.mul(shareToPull).div(decimals);
                    lastPullTs = block.timestamp;
                    rewardToken.transferFrom(pullFeature.source, address(this), amountToPull);
                }
                // _calculateOwed calculates and updates the total amount that is owed to an user and updates the user's multiplier
                // to the current value
                // it automatically attempts to pull the token from the source and acknowledge the funds
                function _calculateOwed(address user) internal {
                    _pullToken();
                    ackFunds();
                    uint256 reward = _userPendingReward(user);
                    owed[user] = owed[user].add(reward);
                    userMultiplier[user] = currentMultiplier;
                }
                // _userPendingReward calculates the reward that should be based on the current multiplier / anything that's not included in the `owed[user]` value
                // it does not represent the entire reward that's due to the user unless added on top of `owed[user]`
                function _userPendingReward(address user) internal view returns (uint256) {
                    uint256 multiplier = currentMultiplier.sub(userMultiplier[user]);
                    return supernova.balanceOf(user).mul(multiplier).div(decimals);
                }
            }
            // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
            pragma solidity >=0.6.0 <0.8.0;
            import "../utils/Context.sol";
            /**
             * @dev Contract module which provides a basic access control mechanism, where
             * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
             * specific functions.
             *
             * By default, the owner account will be the one that deploys the contract. This
             * can later be changed with {transferOwnership}.
             *
             * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the modifier
             * `onlyOwner`, which can be applied to your functions to restrict their use to
             * the owner.
             */
            abstract contract Ownable is Context {
                address private _owner;
                event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);
                /**
                 * @dev Initializes the contract setting the deployer as the initial owner.
                 */
                constructor () internal {
                    address msgSender = _msgSender();
                    _owner = msgSender;
                    emit OwnershipTransferred(address(0), msgSender);
                }
                /**
                 * @dev Returns the address of the current owner.
                 */
                function owner() public view virtual returns (address) {
                    return _owner;
                }
                /**
                 * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
                 */
                modifier onlyOwner() {
                    require(owner() == _msgSender(), "Ownable: caller is not the owner");
                    _;
                }
                /**
                 * @dev Leaves the contract without owner. It will not be possible to call
                 * `onlyOwner` functions anymore. Can only be called by the current owner.
                 *
                 * NOTE: Renouncing ownership will leave the contract without an owner,
                 * thereby removing any functionality that is only available to the owner.
                 */
                function renounceOwnership() public virtual onlyOwner {
                    emit OwnershipTransferred(_owner, address(0));
                    _owner = address(0);
                }
                /**
                 * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
                 * Can only be called by the current owner.
                 */
                function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual onlyOwner {
                    require(newOwner != address(0), "Ownable: new owner is the zero address");
                    emit OwnershipTransferred(_owner, newOwner);
                    _owner = newOwner;
                }
            }
            // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
            pragma solidity >=0.6.0 <0.8.0;
            /**
             * @dev Wrappers over Solidity's arithmetic operations with added overflow
             * checks.
             *
             * Arithmetic operations in Solidity wrap on overflow. This can easily result
             * in bugs, because programmers usually assume that an overflow raises an
             * error, which is the standard behavior in high level programming languages.
             * `SafeMath` restores this intuition by reverting the transaction when an
             * operation overflows.
             *
             * Using this library instead of the unchecked operations eliminates an entire
             * class of bugs, so it's recommended to use it always.
             */
            library SafeMath {
                /**
                 * @dev Returns the addition of two unsigned integers, with an overflow flag.
                 *
                 * _Available since v3.4._
                 */
                function tryAdd(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
                    uint256 c = a + b;
                    if (c < a) return (false, 0);
                    return (true, c);
                }
                /**
                 * @dev Returns the substraction of two unsigned integers, with an overflow flag.
                 *
                 * _Available since v3.4._
                 */
                function trySub(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
                    if (b > a) return (false, 0);
                    return (true, a - b);
                }
                /**
                 * @dev Returns the multiplication of two unsigned integers, with an overflow flag.
                 *
                 * _Available since v3.4._
                 */
                function tryMul(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
                    // Gas optimization: this is cheaper than requiring 'a' not being zero, but the
                    // benefit is lost if 'b' is also tested.
                    // See: https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/522
                    if (a == 0) return (true, 0);
                    uint256 c = a * b;
                    if (c / a != b) return (false, 0);
                    return (true, c);
                }
                /**
                 * @dev Returns the division of two unsigned integers, with a division by zero flag.
                 *
                 * _Available since v3.4._
                 */
                function tryDiv(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
                    if (b == 0) return (false, 0);
                    return (true, a / b);
                }
                /**
                 * @dev Returns the remainder of dividing two unsigned integers, with a division by zero flag.
                 *
                 * _Available since v3.4._
                 */
                function tryMod(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
                    if (b == 0) return (false, 0);
                    return (true, a % b);
                }
                /**
                 * @dev Returns the addition of two unsigned integers, reverting on
                 * overflow.
                 *
                 * Counterpart to Solidity's `+` operator.
                 *
                 * Requirements:
                 *
                 * - Addition cannot overflow.
                 */
                function add(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
                    uint256 c = a + b;
                    require(c >= a, "SafeMath: addition overflow");
                    return c;
                }
                /**
                 * @dev Returns the subtraction of two unsigned integers, reverting on
                 * overflow (when the result is negative).
                 *
                 * Counterpart to Solidity's `-` operator.
                 *
                 * Requirements:
                 *
                 * - Subtraction cannot overflow.
                 */
                function sub(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
                    require(b <= a, "SafeMath: subtraction overflow");
                    return a - b;
                }
                /**
                 * @dev Returns the multiplication of two unsigned integers, reverting on
                 * overflow.
                 *
                 * Counterpart to Solidity's `*` operator.
                 *
                 * Requirements:
                 *
                 * - Multiplication cannot overflow.
                 */
                function mul(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
                    if (a == 0) return 0;
                    uint256 c = a * b;
                    require(c / a == b, "SafeMath: multiplication overflow");
                    return c;
                }
                /**
                 * @dev Returns the integer division of two unsigned integers, reverting on
                 * division by zero. The result is rounded towards zero.
                 *
                 * Counterpart to Solidity's `/` operator. Note: this function uses a
                 * `revert` opcode (which leaves remaining gas untouched) while Solidity
                 * uses an invalid opcode to revert (consuming all remaining gas).
                 *
                 * Requirements:
                 *
                 * - The divisor cannot be zero.
                 */
                function div(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
                    require(b > 0, "SafeMath: division by zero");
                    return a / b;
                }
                /**
                 * @dev Returns the remainder of dividing two unsigned integers. (unsigned integer modulo),
                 * reverting when dividing by zero.
                 *
                 * Counterpart to Solidity's `%` operator. This function uses a `revert`
                 * opcode (which leaves remaining gas untouched) while Solidity uses an
                 * invalid opcode to revert (consuming all remaining gas).
                 *
                 * Requirements:
                 *
                 * - The divisor cannot be zero.
                 */
                function mod(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
                    require(b > 0, "SafeMath: modulo by zero");
                    return a % b;
                }
                /**
                 * @dev Returns the subtraction of two unsigned integers, reverting with custom message on
                 * overflow (when the result is negative).
                 *
                 * CAUTION: This function is deprecated because it requires allocating memory for the error
                 * message unnecessarily. For custom revert reasons use {trySub}.
                 *
                 * Counterpart to Solidity's `-` operator.
                 *
                 * Requirements:
                 *
                 * - Subtraction cannot overflow.
                 */
                function sub(uint256 a, uint256 b, string memory errorMessage) internal pure returns (uint256) {
                    require(b <= a, errorMessage);
                    return a - b;
                }
                /**
                 * @dev Returns the integer division of two unsigned integers, reverting with custom message on
                 * division by zero. The result is rounded towards zero.
                 *
                 * CAUTION: This function is deprecated because it requires allocating memory for the error
                 * message unnecessarily. For custom revert reasons use {tryDiv}.
                 *
                 * Counterpart to Solidity's `/` operator. Note: this function uses a
                 * `revert` opcode (which leaves remaining gas untouched) while Solidity
                 * uses an invalid opcode to revert (consuming all remaining gas).
                 *
                 * Requirements:
                 *
                 * - The divisor cannot be zero.
                 */
                function div(uint256 a, uint256 b, string memory errorMessage) internal pure returns (uint256) {
                    require(b > 0, errorMessage);
                    return a / b;
                }
                /**
                 * @dev Returns the remainder of dividing two unsigned integers. (unsigned integer modulo),
                 * reverting with custom message when dividing by zero.
                 *
                 * CAUTION: This function is deprecated because it requires allocating memory for the error
                 * message unnecessarily. For custom revert reasons use {tryMod}.
                 *
                 * Counterpart to Solidity's `%` operator. This function uses a `revert`
                 * opcode (which leaves remaining gas untouched) while Solidity uses an
                 * invalid opcode to revert (consuming all remaining gas).
                 *
                 * Requirements:
                 *
                 * - The divisor cannot be zero.
                 */
                function mod(uint256 a, uint256 b, string memory errorMessage) internal pure returns (uint256) {
                    require(b > 0, errorMessage);
                    return a % b;
                }
            }
            // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
            pragma solidity >=0.6.0 <0.8.0;
            /**
             * @dev Interface of the ERC20 standard as defined in the EIP.
             */
            interface IERC20 {
                /**
                 * @dev Returns the amount of tokens in existence.
                 */
                function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);
                /**
                 * @dev Returns the amount of tokens owned by `account`.
                 */
                function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);
                /**
                 * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from the caller's account to `recipient`.
                 *
                 * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
                 *
                 * Emits a {Transfer} event.
                 */
                function transfer(address recipient, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);
                /**
                 * @dev Returns the remaining number of tokens that `spender` will be
                 * allowed to spend on behalf of `owner` through {transferFrom}. This is
                 * zero by default.
                 *
                 * This value changes when {approve} or {transferFrom} are called.
                 */
                function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);
                /**
                 * @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the caller's tokens.
                 *
                 * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
                 *
                 * IMPORTANT: Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk
                 * that someone may use both the old and the new allowance by unfortunate
                 * transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this race
                 * condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the
                 * desired value afterwards:
                 * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729
                 *
                 * Emits an {Approval} event.
                 */
                function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);
                /**
                 * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from `sender` to `recipient` using the
                 * allowance mechanism. `amount` is then deducted from the caller's
                 * allowance.
                 *
                 * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
                 *
                 * Emits a {Transfer} event.
                 */
                function transferFrom(address sender, address recipient, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);
                /**
                 * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens are moved from one account (`from`) to
                 * another (`to`).
                 *
                 * Note that `value` may be zero.
                 */
                event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);
                /**
                 * @dev Emitted when the allowance of a `spender` for an `owner` is set by
                 * a call to {approve}. `value` is the new allowance.
                 */
                event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);
            }
            // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
            pragma solidity 0.7.6;
            pragma experimental ABIEncoderV2;
            import "../libraries/LibSupernovaStorage.sol";
            interface ISupernova {
                // deposit allows a user to add more xyz to his staked balance
                function deposit(uint256 amount) external;
                // withdraw allows a user to withdraw funds if the balance is not locked
                function withdraw(uint256 amount) external;
                // lock a user's currently staked balance until timestamp & add the bonus to his voting power
                function lock(uint256 timestamp) external;
                // delegate allows a user to delegate his voting power to another user
                function delegate(address to) external;
                // stopDelegate allows a user to take back the delegated voting power
                function stopDelegate() external;
                // lock the balance of a proposal creator until the voting ends; only callable by DAO
                function lockCreatorBalance(address user, uint256 timestamp) external;
                // balanceOf returns the current XYZ balance of a user (bonus not included)
                function balanceOf(address user) external view returns (uint256);
                // balanceAtTs returns the amount of XYZ that the user currently staked (bonus NOT included)
                function balanceAtTs(address user, uint256 timestamp) external view returns (uint256);
                // stakeAtTs returns the Stake object of the user that was valid at `timestamp`
                function stakeAtTs(address user, uint256 timestamp) external view returns (LibSupernovaStorage.Stake memory);
                // votingPower returns the voting power (bonus included) + delegated voting power for a user at the current block
                function votingPower(address user) external view returns (uint256);
                // votingPowerAtTs returns the voting power (bonus included) + delegated voting power for a user at a point in time
                function votingPowerAtTs(address user, uint256 timestamp) external view returns (uint256);
                // xyzStaked returns the total raw amount of XYZ staked at the current block
                function xyzStaked() external view returns (uint256);
                // xyzStakedAtTs returns the total raw amount of XYZ users have deposited into the contract
                // it does not include any bonus
                function xyzStakedAtTs(uint256 timestamp) external view returns (uint256);
                // delegatedPower returns the total voting power that a user received from other users
                function delegatedPower(address user) external view returns (uint256);
                // delegatedPowerAtTs returns the total voting power that a user received from other users at a point in time
                function delegatedPowerAtTs(address user, uint256 timestamp) external view returns (uint256);
                // multiplierAtTs calculates the multiplier at a given timestamp based on the user's stake a the given timestamp
                // it includes the decay mechanism
                function multiplierAtTs(address user, uint256 timestamp) external view returns (uint256);
                // userLockedUntil returns the timestamp until the user's balance is locked
                function userLockedUntil(address user) external view returns (uint256);
                // userDidDelegate returns the address to which a user delegated their voting power; address(0) if not delegated
                function userDelegatedTo(address user) external view returns (address);
                // xyzCirculatingSupply returns the current circulating supply of XYZ
                function xyzCirculatingSupply() external view returns (uint256);
            }
            // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
            pragma solidity >=0.6.0 <0.8.0;
            /*
             * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
             * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
             * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
             * manner, since when dealing with GSN meta-transactions the account sending and
             * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
             * is concerned).
             *
             * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
             */
            abstract contract Context {
                function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address payable) {
                    return msg.sender;
                }
                function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes memory) {
                    this; // silence state mutability warning without generating bytecode - see https://github.com/ethereum/solidity/issues/2691
                    return msg.data;
                }
            }
            // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
            pragma solidity 0.7.6;
            pragma experimental ABIEncoderV2;
            import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";
            import "../interfaces/IRewards.sol";
            library LibSupernovaStorage {
                bytes32 constant STORAGE_POSITION = keccak256("com.xyzdao.supernova.storage");
                struct Checkpoint {
                    uint256 timestamp;
                    uint256 amount;
                }
                struct Stake {
                    uint256 timestamp;
                    uint256 amount;
                    uint256 expiryTimestamp;
                    address delegatedTo;
                }
                struct Storage {
                    bool initialized;
                    // mapping of user address to history of Stake objects
                    // every user action creates a new object in the history
                    mapping(address => Stake[]) userStakeHistory;
                    // array of xyz staked Checkpoint
                    // deposits/withdrawals create a new object in the history (max one per block)
                    Checkpoint[] xyzStakedHistory;
                    // mapping of user address to history of delegated power
                    // every delegate/stopDelegate call create a new checkpoint (max one per block)
                    mapping(address => Checkpoint[]) delegatedPowerHistory;
                    IERC20 xyz;
                    IRewards rewards;
                }
                function supernovaStorage() internal pure returns (Storage storage ds) {
                    bytes32 position = STORAGE_POSITION;
                    assembly {
                        ds.slot := position
                    }
                }
            }
            // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
            pragma solidity 0.7.6;
            pragma experimental ABIEncoderV2;
            interface IRewards {
                function registerUserAction(address user) external;
            }
            

            File 4 of 4: XYZToken
            // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
            pragma solidity ^0.6.12;
            import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/ERC20Burnable.sol";
            import "@openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable.sol";
            contract XYZToken is ERC20Burnable, Ownable {
                uint256 private constant SUPPLY = 1_000_000_000 * 10**18;
                constructor() public ERC20("XYZ Governance Token", "XYZ") {
                    _mint(msg.sender, SUPPLY);
                }
                function mint(address to, uint256 amount) public virtual onlyOwner {
                    _mint(to, amount);
                }
            }
            // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
            pragma solidity ^0.6.0;
            import "../../GSN/Context.sol";
            import "./ERC20.sol";
            /**
             * @dev Extension of {ERC20} that allows token holders to destroy both their own
             * tokens and those that they have an allowance for, in a way that can be
             * recognized off-chain (via event analysis).
             */
            abstract contract ERC20Burnable is Context, ERC20 {
                /**
                 * @dev Destroys `amount` tokens from the caller.
                 *
                 * See {ERC20-_burn}.
                 */
                function burn(uint256 amount) public virtual {
                    _burn(_msgSender(), amount);
                }
                /**
                 * @dev Destroys `amount` tokens from `account`, deducting from the caller's
                 * allowance.
                 *
                 * See {ERC20-_burn} and {ERC20-allowance}.
                 *
                 * Requirements:
                 *
                 * - the caller must have allowance for ``accounts``'s tokens of at least
                 * `amount`.
                 */
                function burnFrom(address account, uint256 amount) public virtual {
                    uint256 decreasedAllowance = allowance(account, _msgSender()).sub(amount, "ERC20: burn amount exceeds allowance");
                    _approve(account, _msgSender(), decreasedAllowance);
                    _burn(account, amount);
                }
            }
            // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
            pragma solidity ^0.6.0;
            /*
             * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
             * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
             * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
             * manner, since when dealing with GSN meta-transactions the account sending and
             * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
             * is concerned).
             *
             * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
             */
            abstract contract Context {
                function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address payable) {
                    return msg.sender;
                }
                function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes memory) {
                    this; // silence state mutability warning without generating bytecode - see https://github.com/ethereum/solidity/issues/2691
                    return msg.data;
                }
            }
            // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
            pragma solidity ^0.6.0;
            import "../../GSN/Context.sol";
            import "./IERC20.sol";
            import "../../math/SafeMath.sol";
            import "../../utils/Address.sol";
            /**
             * @dev Implementation of the {IERC20} interface.
             *
             * This implementation is agnostic to the way tokens are created. This means
             * that a supply mechanism has to be added in a derived contract using {_mint}.
             * For a generic mechanism see {ERC20PresetMinterPauser}.
             *
             * TIP: For a detailed writeup see our guide
             * https://forum.zeppelin.solutions/t/how-to-implement-erc20-supply-mechanisms/226[How
             * to implement supply mechanisms].
             *
             * We have followed general OpenZeppelin guidelines: functions revert instead
             * of returning `false` on failure. This behavior is nonetheless conventional
             * and does not conflict with the expectations of ERC20 applications.
             *
             * Additionally, an {Approval} event is emitted on calls to {transferFrom}.
             * This allows applications to reconstruct the allowance for all accounts just
             * by listening to said events. Other implementations of the EIP may not emit
             * these events, as it isn't required by the specification.
             *
             * Finally, the non-standard {decreaseAllowance} and {increaseAllowance}
             * functions have been added to mitigate the well-known issues around setting
             * allowances. See {IERC20-approve}.
             */
            contract ERC20 is Context, IERC20 {
                using SafeMath for uint256;
                using Address for address;
                mapping (address => uint256) private _balances;
                mapping (address => mapping (address => uint256)) private _allowances;
                uint256 private _totalSupply;
                string private _name;
                string private _symbol;
                uint8 private _decimals;
                /**
                 * @dev Sets the values for {name} and {symbol}, initializes {decimals} with
                 * a default value of 18.
                 *
                 * To select a different value for {decimals}, use {_setupDecimals}.
                 *
                 * All three of these values are immutable: they can only be set once during
                 * construction.
                 */
                constructor (string memory name, string memory symbol) public {
                    _name = name;
                    _symbol = symbol;
                    _decimals = 18;
                }
                /**
                 * @dev Returns the name of the token.
                 */
                function name() public view returns (string memory) {
                    return _name;
                }
                /**
                 * @dev Returns the symbol of the token, usually a shorter version of the
                 * name.
                 */
                function symbol() public view returns (string memory) {
                    return _symbol;
                }
                /**
                 * @dev Returns the number of decimals used to get its user representation.
                 * For example, if `decimals` equals `2`, a balance of `505` tokens should
                 * be displayed to a user as `5,05` (`505 / 10 ** 2`).
                 *
                 * Tokens usually opt for a value of 18, imitating the relationship between
                 * Ether and Wei. This is the value {ERC20} uses, unless {_setupDecimals} is
                 * called.
                 *
                 * NOTE: This information is only used for _display_ purposes: it in
                 * no way affects any of the arithmetic of the contract, including
                 * {IERC20-balanceOf} and {IERC20-transfer}.
                 */
                function decimals() public view returns (uint8) {
                    return _decimals;
                }
                /**
                 * @dev See {IERC20-totalSupply}.
                 */
                function totalSupply() public view override returns (uint256) {
                    return _totalSupply;
                }
                /**
                 * @dev See {IERC20-balanceOf}.
                 */
                function balanceOf(address account) public view override returns (uint256) {
                    return _balances[account];
                }
                /**
                 * @dev See {IERC20-transfer}.
                 *
                 * Requirements:
                 *
                 * - `recipient` cannot be the zero address.
                 * - the caller must have a balance of at least `amount`.
                 */
                function transfer(address recipient, uint256 amount) public virtual override returns (bool) {
                    _transfer(_msgSender(), recipient, amount);
                    return true;
                }
                /**
                 * @dev See {IERC20-allowance}.
                 */
                function allowance(address owner, address spender) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
                    return _allowances[owner][spender];
                }
                /**
                 * @dev See {IERC20-approve}.
                 *
                 * Requirements:
                 *
                 * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
                 */
                function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) public virtual override returns (bool) {
                    _approve(_msgSender(), spender, amount);
                    return true;
                }
                /**
                 * @dev See {IERC20-transferFrom}.
                 *
                 * Emits an {Approval} event indicating the updated allowance. This is not
                 * required by the EIP. See the note at the beginning of {ERC20};
                 *
                 * Requirements:
                 * - `sender` and `recipient` cannot be the zero address.
                 * - `sender` must have a balance of at least `amount`.
                 * - the caller must have allowance for ``sender``'s tokens of at least
                 * `amount`.
                 */
                function transferFrom(address sender, address recipient, uint256 amount) public virtual override returns (bool) {
                    _transfer(sender, recipient, amount);
                    _approve(sender, _msgSender(), _allowances[sender][_msgSender()].sub(amount, "ERC20: transfer amount exceeds allowance"));
                    return true;
                }
                /**
                 * @dev Atomically increases the allowance granted to `spender` by the caller.
                 *
                 * This is an alternative to {approve} that can be used as a mitigation for
                 * problems described in {IERC20-approve}.
                 *
                 * Emits an {Approval} event indicating the updated allowance.
                 *
                 * Requirements:
                 *
                 * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
                 */
                function increaseAllowance(address spender, uint256 addedValue) public virtual returns (bool) {
                    _approve(_msgSender(), spender, _allowances[_msgSender()][spender].add(addedValue));
                    return true;
                }
                /**
                 * @dev Atomically decreases the allowance granted to `spender` by the caller.
                 *
                 * This is an alternative to {approve} that can be used as a mitigation for
                 * problems described in {IERC20-approve}.
                 *
                 * Emits an {Approval} event indicating the updated allowance.
                 *
                 * Requirements:
                 *
                 * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
                 * - `spender` must have allowance for the caller of at least
                 * `subtractedValue`.
                 */
                function decreaseAllowance(address spender, uint256 subtractedValue) public virtual returns (bool) {
                    _approve(_msgSender(), spender, _allowances[_msgSender()][spender].sub(subtractedValue, "ERC20: decreased allowance below zero"));
                    return true;
                }
                /**
                 * @dev Moves tokens `amount` from `sender` to `recipient`.
                 *
                 * This is internal function is equivalent to {transfer}, and can be used to
                 * e.g. implement automatic token fees, slashing mechanisms, etc.
                 *
                 * Emits a {Transfer} event.
                 *
                 * Requirements:
                 *
                 * - `sender` cannot be the zero address.
                 * - `recipient` cannot be the zero address.
                 * - `sender` must have a balance of at least `amount`.
                 */
                function _transfer(address sender, address recipient, uint256 amount) internal virtual {
                    require(sender != address(0), "ERC20: transfer from the zero address");
                    require(recipient != address(0), "ERC20: transfer to the zero address");
                    _beforeTokenTransfer(sender, recipient, amount);
                    _balances[sender] = _balances[sender].sub(amount, "ERC20: transfer amount exceeds balance");
                    _balances[recipient] = _balances[recipient].add(amount);
                    emit Transfer(sender, recipient, amount);
                }
                /** @dev Creates `amount` tokens and assigns them to `account`, increasing
                 * the total supply.
                 *
                 * Emits a {Transfer} event with `from` set to the zero address.
                 *
                 * Requirements
                 *
                 * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
                 */
                function _mint(address account, uint256 amount) internal virtual {
                    require(account != address(0), "ERC20: mint to the zero address");
                    _beforeTokenTransfer(address(0), account, amount);
                    _totalSupply = _totalSupply.add(amount);
                    _balances[account] = _balances[account].add(amount);
                    emit Transfer(address(0), account, amount);
                }
                /**
                 * @dev Destroys `amount` tokens from `account`, reducing the
                 * total supply.
                 *
                 * Emits a {Transfer} event with `to` set to the zero address.
                 *
                 * Requirements
                 *
                 * - `account` cannot be the zero address.
                 * - `account` must have at least `amount` tokens.
                 */
                function _burn(address account, uint256 amount) internal virtual {
                    require(account != address(0), "ERC20: burn from the zero address");
                    _beforeTokenTransfer(account, address(0), amount);
                    _balances[account] = _balances[account].sub(amount, "ERC20: burn amount exceeds balance");
                    _totalSupply = _totalSupply.sub(amount);
                    emit Transfer(account, address(0), amount);
                }
                /**
                 * @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the `owner`s tokens.
                 *
                 * This is internal function is equivalent to `approve`, and can be used to
                 * e.g. set automatic allowances for certain subsystems, etc.
                 *
                 * Emits an {Approval} event.
                 *
                 * Requirements:
                 *
                 * - `owner` cannot be the zero address.
                 * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
                 */
                function _approve(address owner, address spender, uint256 amount) internal virtual {
                    require(owner != address(0), "ERC20: approve from the zero address");
                    require(spender != address(0), "ERC20: approve to the zero address");
                    _allowances[owner][spender] = amount;
                    emit Approval(owner, spender, amount);
                }
                /**
                 * @dev Sets {decimals} to a value other than the default one of 18.
                 *
                 * WARNING: This function should only be called from the constructor. Most
                 * applications that interact with token contracts will not expect
                 * {decimals} to ever change, and may work incorrectly if it does.
                 */
                function _setupDecimals(uint8 decimals_) internal {
                    _decimals = decimals_;
                }
                /**
                 * @dev Hook that is called before any transfer of tokens. This includes
                 * minting and burning.
                 *
                 * Calling conditions:
                 *
                 * - when `from` and `to` are both non-zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens
                 * will be to transferred to `to`.
                 * - when `from` is zero, `amount` tokens will be minted for `to`.
                 * - when `to` is zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens will be burned.
                 * - `from` and `to` are never both zero.
                 *
                 * To learn more about hooks, head to xref:ROOT:extending-contracts.adoc#using-hooks[Using Hooks].
                 */
                function _beforeTokenTransfer(address from, address to, uint256 amount) internal virtual { }
            }
            // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
            pragma solidity ^0.6.0;
            /**
             * @dev Interface of the ERC20 standard as defined in the EIP.
             */
            interface IERC20 {
                /**
                 * @dev Returns the amount of tokens in existence.
                 */
                function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);
                /**
                 * @dev Returns the amount of tokens owned by `account`.
                 */
                function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);
                /**
                 * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from the caller's account to `recipient`.
                 *
                 * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
                 *
                 * Emits a {Transfer} event.
                 */
                function transfer(address recipient, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);
                /**
                 * @dev Returns the remaining number of tokens that `spender` will be
                 * allowed to spend on behalf of `owner` through {transferFrom}. This is
                 * zero by default.
                 *
                 * This value changes when {approve} or {transferFrom} are called.
                 */
                function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);
                /**
                 * @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the caller's tokens.
                 *
                 * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
                 *
                 * IMPORTANT: Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk
                 * that someone may use both the old and the new allowance by unfortunate
                 * transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this race
                 * condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the
                 * desired value afterwards:
                 * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729
                 *
                 * Emits an {Approval} event.
                 */
                function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);
                /**
                 * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from `sender` to `recipient` using the
                 * allowance mechanism. `amount` is then deducted from the caller's
                 * allowance.
                 *
                 * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
                 *
                 * Emits a {Transfer} event.
                 */
                function transferFrom(address sender, address recipient, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);
                /**
                 * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens are moved from one account (`from`) to
                 * another (`to`).
                 *
                 * Note that `value` may be zero.
                 */
                event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);
                /**
                 * @dev Emitted when the allowance of a `spender` for an `owner` is set by
                 * a call to {approve}. `value` is the new allowance.
                 */
                event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);
            }
            // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
            pragma solidity ^0.6.0;
            /**
             * @dev Wrappers over Solidity's arithmetic operations with added overflow
             * checks.
             *
             * Arithmetic operations in Solidity wrap on overflow. This can easily result
             * in bugs, because programmers usually assume that an overflow raises an
             * error, which is the standard behavior in high level programming languages.
             * `SafeMath` restores this intuition by reverting the transaction when an
             * operation overflows.
             *
             * Using this library instead of the unchecked operations eliminates an entire
             * class of bugs, so it's recommended to use it always.
             */
            library SafeMath {
                /**
                 * @dev Returns the addition of two unsigned integers, reverting on
                 * overflow.
                 *
                 * Counterpart to Solidity's `+` operator.
                 *
                 * Requirements:
                 *
                 * - Addition cannot overflow.
                 */
                function add(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
                    uint256 c = a + b;
                    require(c >= a, "SafeMath: addition overflow");
                    return c;
                }
                /**
                 * @dev Returns the subtraction of two unsigned integers, reverting on
                 * overflow (when the result is negative).
                 *
                 * Counterpart to Solidity's `-` operator.
                 *
                 * Requirements:
                 *
                 * - Subtraction cannot overflow.
                 */
                function sub(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
                    return sub(a, b, "SafeMath: subtraction overflow");
                }
                /**
                 * @dev Returns the subtraction of two unsigned integers, reverting with custom message on
                 * overflow (when the result is negative).
                 *
                 * Counterpart to Solidity's `-` operator.
                 *
                 * Requirements:
                 *
                 * - Subtraction cannot overflow.
                 */
                function sub(uint256 a, uint256 b, string memory errorMessage) internal pure returns (uint256) {
                    require(b <= a, errorMessage);
                    uint256 c = a - b;
                    return c;
                }
                /**
                 * @dev Returns the multiplication of two unsigned integers, reverting on
                 * overflow.
                 *
                 * Counterpart to Solidity's `*` operator.
                 *
                 * Requirements:
                 *
                 * - Multiplication cannot overflow.
                 */
                function mul(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
                    // Gas optimization: this is cheaper than requiring 'a' not being zero, but the
                    // benefit is lost if 'b' is also tested.
                    // See: https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/522
                    if (a == 0) {
                        return 0;
                    }
                    uint256 c = a * b;
                    require(c / a == b, "SafeMath: multiplication overflow");
                    return c;
                }
                /**
                 * @dev Returns the integer division of two unsigned integers. Reverts on
                 * division by zero. The result is rounded towards zero.
                 *
                 * Counterpart to Solidity's `/` operator. Note: this function uses a
                 * `revert` opcode (which leaves remaining gas untouched) while Solidity
                 * uses an invalid opcode to revert (consuming all remaining gas).
                 *
                 * Requirements:
                 *
                 * - The divisor cannot be zero.
                 */
                function div(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
                    return div(a, b, "SafeMath: division by zero");
                }
                /**
                 * @dev Returns the integer division of two unsigned integers. Reverts with custom message on
                 * division by zero. The result is rounded towards zero.
                 *
                 * Counterpart to Solidity's `/` operator. Note: this function uses a
                 * `revert` opcode (which leaves remaining gas untouched) while Solidity
                 * uses an invalid opcode to revert (consuming all remaining gas).
                 *
                 * Requirements:
                 *
                 * - The divisor cannot be zero.
                 */
                function div(uint256 a, uint256 b, string memory errorMessage) internal pure returns (uint256) {
                    require(b > 0, errorMessage);
                    uint256 c = a / b;
                    // assert(a == b * c + a % b); // There is no case in which this doesn't hold
                    return c;
                }
                /**
                 * @dev Returns the remainder of dividing two unsigned integers. (unsigned integer modulo),
                 * Reverts when dividing by zero.
                 *
                 * Counterpart to Solidity's `%` operator. This function uses a `revert`
                 * opcode (which leaves remaining gas untouched) while Solidity uses an
                 * invalid opcode to revert (consuming all remaining gas).
                 *
                 * Requirements:
                 *
                 * - The divisor cannot be zero.
                 */
                function mod(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
                    return mod(a, b, "SafeMath: modulo by zero");
                }
                /**
                 * @dev Returns the remainder of dividing two unsigned integers. (unsigned integer modulo),
                 * Reverts with custom message when dividing by zero.
                 *
                 * Counterpart to Solidity's `%` operator. This function uses a `revert`
                 * opcode (which leaves remaining gas untouched) while Solidity uses an
                 * invalid opcode to revert (consuming all remaining gas).
                 *
                 * Requirements:
                 *
                 * - The divisor cannot be zero.
                 */
                function mod(uint256 a, uint256 b, string memory errorMessage) internal pure returns (uint256) {
                    require(b != 0, errorMessage);
                    return a % b;
                }
            }
            // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
            pragma solidity ^0.6.2;
            /**
             * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
             */
            library Address {
                /**
                 * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract.
                 *
                 * [IMPORTANT]
                 * ====
                 * It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this function returns
                 * false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a contract.
                 *
                 * Among others, `isContract` will return false for the following
                 * types of addresses:
                 *
                 *  - an externally-owned account
                 *  - a contract in construction
                 *  - an address where a contract will be created
                 *  - an address where a contract lived, but was destroyed
                 * ====
                 */
                function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) {
                    // According to EIP-1052, 0x0 is the value returned for not-yet created accounts
                    // and 0xc5d2460186f7233c927e7db2dcc703c0e500b653ca82273b7bfad8045d85a470 is returned
                    // for accounts without code, i.e. `keccak256('')`
                    bytes32 codehash;
                    bytes32 accountHash = 0xc5d2460186f7233c927e7db2dcc703c0e500b653ca82273b7bfad8045d85a470;
                    // solhint-disable-next-line no-inline-assembly
                    assembly { codehash := extcodehash(account) }
                    return (codehash != accountHash && codehash != 0x0);
                }
                /**
                 * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
                 * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
                 *
                 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
                 * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
                 * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
                 * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
                 *
                 * https://diligence.consensys.net/posts/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
                 *
                 * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
                 * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
                 * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
                 * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.5.11/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
                 */
                function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
                    require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Address: insufficient balance");
                    // solhint-disable-next-line avoid-low-level-calls, avoid-call-value
                    (bool success, ) = recipient.call{ value: amount }("");
                    require(success, "Address: unable to send value, recipient may have reverted");
                }
                /**
                 * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A
                 * plain`call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this
                 * function instead.
                 *
                 * If `target` reverts with a revert reason, it is bubbled up by this
                 * function (like regular Solidity function calls).
                 *
                 * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value,
                 * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`].
                 *
                 * Requirements:
                 *
                 * - `target` must be a contract.
                 * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert.
                 *
                 * _Available since v3.1._
                 */
                function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
                  return functionCall(target, data, "Address: low-level call failed");
                }
                /**
                 * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], but with
                 * `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
                 *
                 * _Available since v3.1._
                 */
                function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data, string memory errorMessage) internal returns (bytes memory) {
                    return _functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, errorMessage);
                }
                /**
                 * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
                 * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`.
                 *
                 * Requirements:
                 *
                 * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`.
                 * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`.
                 *
                 * _Available since v3.1._
                 */
                function functionCallWithValue(address target, bytes memory data, uint256 value) internal returns (bytes memory) {
                    return functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, "Address: low-level call with value failed");
                }
                /**
                 * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCallWithValue-address-bytes-uint256-}[`functionCallWithValue`], but
                 * with `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
                 *
                 * _Available since v3.1._
                 */
                function functionCallWithValue(address target, bytes memory data, uint256 value, string memory errorMessage) internal returns (bytes memory) {
                    require(address(this).balance >= value, "Address: insufficient balance for call");
                    return _functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, errorMessage);
                }
                function _functionCallWithValue(address target, bytes memory data, uint256 weiValue, string memory errorMessage) private returns (bytes memory) {
                    require(isContract(target), "Address: call to non-contract");
                    // solhint-disable-next-line avoid-low-level-calls
                    (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{ value: weiValue }(data);
                    if (success) {
                        return returndata;
                    } else {
                        // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present
                        if (returndata.length > 0) {
                            // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly
                            // solhint-disable-next-line no-inline-assembly
                            assembly {
                                let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
                                revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
                            }
                        } else {
                            revert(errorMessage);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
            pragma solidity ^0.6.0;
            import "../GSN/Context.sol";
            /**
             * @dev Contract module which provides a basic access control mechanism, where
             * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
             * specific functions.
             *
             * By default, the owner account will be the one that deploys the contract. This
             * can later be changed with {transferOwnership}.
             *
             * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the modifier
             * `onlyOwner`, which can be applied to your functions to restrict their use to
             * the owner.
             */
            contract Ownable is Context {
                address private _owner;
                event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);
                /**
                 * @dev Initializes the contract setting the deployer as the initial owner.
                 */
                constructor () internal {
                    address msgSender = _msgSender();
                    _owner = msgSender;
                    emit OwnershipTransferred(address(0), msgSender);
                }
                /**
                 * @dev Returns the address of the current owner.
                 */
                function owner() public view returns (address) {
                    return _owner;
                }
                /**
                 * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
                 */
                modifier onlyOwner() {
                    require(_owner == _msgSender(), "Ownable: caller is not the owner");
                    _;
                }
                /**
                 * @dev Leaves the contract without owner. It will not be possible to call
                 * `onlyOwner` functions anymore. Can only be called by the current owner.
                 *
                 * NOTE: Renouncing ownership will leave the contract without an owner,
                 * thereby removing any functionality that is only available to the owner.
                 */
                function renounceOwnership() public virtual onlyOwner {
                    emit OwnershipTransferred(_owner, address(0));
                    _owner = address(0);
                }
                /**
                 * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
                 * Can only be called by the current owner.
                 */
                function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual onlyOwner {
                    require(newOwner != address(0), "Ownable: new owner is the zero address");
                    emit OwnershipTransferred(_owner, newOwner);
                    _owner = newOwner;
                }
            }