// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/Address.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.1;
/**
 * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
 */
library Address {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract.
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this function returns
     * false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a contract.
     *
     * Among others, `isContract` will return false for the following
     * types of addresses:
     *
     *  - an externally-owned account
     *  - a contract in construction
     *  - an address where a contract will be created
     *  - an address where a contract lived, but was destroyed
     *
     * Furthermore, `isContract` will also return true if the target contract within
     * the same transaction is already scheduled for destruction by `SELFDESTRUCT`,
     * which only has an effect at the end of a transaction.
     * ====
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * You shouldn't rely on `isContract` to protect against flash loan attacks!
     *
     * Preventing calls from contracts is highly discouraged. It breaks composability, breaks support for smart wallets
     * like Gnosis Safe, and does not provide security since it can be circumvented by calling from a contract
     * constructor.
     * ====
     */
    function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) {
        // This method relies on extcodesize/address.code.length, which returns 0
        // for contracts in construction, since the code is only stored at the end
        // of the constructor execution.
        return account.code.length > 0;
    }
    /**
     * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
     * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
     *
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
     * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
     * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
     * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
     *
     * https://consensys.net/diligence/blog/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
     *
     * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
     * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
     * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
     * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.8.0/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
     */
    function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
        require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Address: insufficient balance");
        (bool success, ) = recipient.call{value: amount}("");
        require(success, "Address: unable to send value, recipient may have reverted");
    }
    /**
     * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A
     * plain `call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this
     * function instead.
     *
     * If `target` reverts with a revert reason, it is bubbled up by this
     * function (like regular Solidity function calls).
     *
     * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value,
     * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`].
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `target` must be a contract.
     * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, "Address: low-level call failed");
    }
    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], but with
     * `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, errorMessage);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`.
     * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(address target, bytes memory data, uint256 value) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, "Address: low-level call with value failed");
    }
    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCallWithValue-address-bytes-uint256-}[`functionCallWithValue`], but
     * with `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        uint256 value,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        require(address(this).balance >= value, "Address: insufficient balance for call");
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{value: value}(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionStaticCall(target, data, "Address: low-level static call failed");
    }
    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionDelegateCall(target, data, "Address: low-level delegate call failed");
    }
    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.delegatecall(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call to smart-contract was successful, and revert (either by bubbling
     * the revert reason or using the provided one) in case of unsuccessful call or if target was not a contract.
     *
     * _Available since v4.8._
     */
    function verifyCallResultFromTarget(
        address target,
        bool success,
        bytes memory returndata,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        if (success) {
            if (returndata.length == 0) {
                // only check isContract if the call was successful and the return data is empty
                // otherwise we already know that it was a contract
                require(isContract(target), "Address: call to non-contract");
            }
            return returndata;
        } else {
            _revert(returndata, errorMessage);
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call was successful, and revert if it wasn't, either by bubbling the
     * revert reason or using the provided one.
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function verifyCallResult(
        bool success,
        bytes memory returndata,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
        if (success) {
            return returndata;
        } else {
            _revert(returndata, errorMessage);
        }
    }
    function _revert(bytes memory returndata, string memory errorMessage) private pure {
        // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present
        if (returndata.length > 0) {
            // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
                revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
            }
        } else {
            revert(errorMessage);
        }
    }
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/StorageSlot.sol)
// This file was procedurally generated from scripts/generate/templates/StorageSlot.js.
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
/**
 * @dev Library for reading and writing primitive types to specific storage slots.
 *
 * Storage slots are often used to avoid storage conflict when dealing with upgradeable contracts.
 * This library helps with reading and writing to such slots without the need for inline assembly.
 *
 * The functions in this library return Slot structs that contain a `value` member that can be used to read or write.
 *
 * Example usage to set ERC1967 implementation slot:
 * ```solidity
 * contract ERC1967 {
 *     bytes32 internal constant _IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT = 0x360894a13ba1a3210667c828492db98dca3e2076cc3735a920a3ca505d382bbc;
 *
 *     function _getImplementation() internal view returns (address) {
 *         return StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value;
 *     }
 *
 *     function _setImplementation(address newImplementation) internal {
 *         require(Address.isContract(newImplementation), "ERC1967: new implementation is not a contract");
 *         StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value = newImplementation;
 *     }
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * _Available since v4.1 for `address`, `bool`, `bytes32`, `uint256`._
 * _Available since v4.9 for `string`, `bytes`._
 */
library StorageSlot {
    struct AddressSlot {
        address value;
    }
    struct BooleanSlot {
        bool value;
    }
    struct Bytes32Slot {
        bytes32 value;
    }
    struct Uint256Slot {
        uint256 value;
    }
    struct StringSlot {
        string value;
    }
    struct BytesSlot {
        bytes value;
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns an `AddressSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getAddressSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (AddressSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns an `BooleanSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getBooleanSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (BooleanSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns an `Bytes32Slot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getBytes32Slot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (Bytes32Slot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns an `Uint256Slot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getUint256Slot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (Uint256Slot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns an `StringSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getStringSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (StringSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns an `StringSlot` representation of the string storage pointer `store`.
     */
    function getStringSlot(string storage store) internal pure returns (StringSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := store.slot
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns an `BytesSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getBytesSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (BytesSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns an `BytesSlot` representation of the bytes storage pointer `store`.
     */
    function getBytesSlot(bytes storage store) internal pure returns (BytesSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := store.slot
        }
    }
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (proxy/ERC1967/ERC1967Proxy.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.17;
import "../Proxy.sol";
import "./ERC1967Upgrade.sol";
/**
 * @dev This contract implements an upgradeable proxy. It is upgradeable because calls are delegated to an
 * implementation address that can be changed. This address is stored in storage in the location specified by
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1967[EIP1967], so that it doesn't conflict with the storage layout of the
 * implementation behind the proxy.
 */
contract ERC1967Proxy is Proxy, ERC1967Upgrade {
    constructor(address _owner) {
        _setOwner(_owner);
    }
    //just call one time
    function initProxy(address _logic, bytes memory _data) external {
        require(_getOwner() == msg.sender);
        require(ERC1967Upgrade._getImplementation() == address(0));
        _upgradeToAndCall(_logic, _data, false);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the current implementation address.
     */
    function _implementation() internal view virtual override returns (address impl) {
        return ERC1967Upgrade._getImplementation();
    }
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (proxy/ERC1967/ERC1967Upgrade.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.17;
import "../interfaces/IERC1967.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Address.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/StorageSlot.sol";
/**
 * @dev This abstract contract provides getters and event emitting update functions for
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1967[EIP1967] slots.
 *
 * _Available since v4.1._
 */
abstract contract ERC1967Upgrade is IERC1967 {
    // This is the keccak-256 hash of "eip1967.proxy.rollback" subtracted by 1
    bytes32 private constant _ROLLBACK_SLOT = 0x4910fdfa16fed3260ed0e7147f7cc6da11a60208b5b9406d12a635614ffd9143;
    /**
     * @dev Storage slot with the address of the current implementation.
     * This is the keccak-256 hash of "eip1967.proxy.implementation" subtracted by 1, and is
     * validated in the constructor.
     */
    bytes32 internal constant _IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT = 0x360894a13ba1a3210667c828492db98dca3e2076cc3735a920a3ca505d382bbc;
    //bytes32(uint256(keccak256('eip1967.proxy.owner')) - 1)
    bytes32 internal constant _OWNER_SLOT = 0xa7b53796fd2d99cb1f5ae019b54f9e024446c3d12b483f733ccc62ed04eb126a;
    function _setOwner(address _owner) internal {
        StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_OWNER_SLOT).value = _owner;
    }
    function _getOwner() internal view returns (address) {
        return StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_OWNER_SLOT).value;
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the current implementation address.
     */
    function _getImplementation() internal view returns (address) {
        return StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value;
    }
    /**
     * @dev Stores a new address in the EIP1967 implementation slot.
     */
    function _setImplementation(address newImplementation) private {
        require(Address.isContract(newImplementation), "ERC1967: new implementation is not a contract");
        StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value = newImplementation;
    }
    /**
     * @dev Perform implementation upgrade
     *
     * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
     */
    function _upgradeTo(address newImplementation) internal {
        _setImplementation(newImplementation);
        emit Upgraded(newImplementation);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Perform implementation upgrade with additional setup call.
     *
     * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
     */
    function _upgradeToAndCall(address newImplementation, bytes memory data, bool forceCall) internal {
        _upgradeTo(newImplementation);
        if (data.length > 0 || forceCall) {
            Address.functionDelegateCall(newImplementation, data);
        }
    }
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (interfaces/IERC1967.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.17;
/**
 * @dev ERC-1967: Proxy Storage Slots. This interface contains the events defined in the ERC.
 *
 * _Available since v4.8.3._
 */
interface IERC1967 {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the implementation is upgraded.
     */
    event Upgraded(address indexed implementation);
}// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.6.0) (proxy/Proxy.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.17;
/**
 * @dev This abstract contract provides a fallback function that delegates all calls to another contract using the EVM
 * instruction `delegatecall`. We refer to the second contract as the _implementation_ behind the proxy, and it has to
 * be specified by overriding the virtual {_implementation} function.
 *
 * Additionally, delegation to the implementation can be triggered manually through the {_fallback} function, or to a
 * different contract through the {_delegate} function.
 *
 * The success and return data of the delegated call will be returned back to the caller of the proxy.
 */
abstract contract Proxy {
    /**
     * @dev Delegates the current call to `implementation`.
     *
     * This function does not return to its internal call site, it will return directly to the external caller.
     */
    function _delegate(address implementation) internal virtual {
        assembly {
            // Copy msg.data. We take full control of memory in this inline assembly
            // block because it will not return to Solidity code. We overwrite the
            // Solidity scratch pad at memory position 0.
            calldatacopy(0, 0, calldatasize())
            // Call the implementation.
            // out and outsize are 0 because we don't know the size yet.
            let result := delegatecall(gas(), implementation, 0, calldatasize(), 0, 0)
            // Copy the returned data.
            returndatacopy(0, 0, returndatasize())
            switch result
            // delegatecall returns 0 on error.
            case 0 {
                revert(0, returndatasize())
            }
            default {
                return(0, returndatasize())
            }
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev This is a virtual function that should be overridden so it returns the address to which the fallback function
     * and {_fallback} should delegate.
     */
    function _implementation() internal view virtual returns (address);
    /**
     * @dev Delegates the current call to the address returned by `_implementation()`.
     *
     * This function does not return to its internal call site, it will return directly to the external caller.
     */
    function _fallback() internal virtual {
        _beforeFallback();
        _delegate(_implementation());
    }
    /**
     * @dev Fallback function that delegates calls to the address returned by `_implementation()`. Will run if no other
     * function in the contract matches the call data.
     */
    fallback() external payable virtual {
        _fallback();
    }
    /**
     * @dev Fallback function that delegates calls to the address returned by `_implementation()`. Will run if call data
     * is empty.
     */
    receive() external payable virtual {
        _fallback();
    }
    /**
     * @dev Hook that is called before falling back to the implementation. Can happen as part of a manual `_fallback`
     * call, or as part of the Solidity `fallback` or `receive` functions.
     *
     * If overridden should call `super._beforeFallback()`.
     */
    function _beforeFallback() internal virtual {}
}

// Sources flattened with hardhat v2.22.2 https://hardhat.org

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

// File @openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/interfaces/[email protected]

// Original license: SPDX_License_Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.5.0) (interfaces/draft-IERC1822.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev ERC1822: Universal Upgradeable Proxy Standard (UUPS) documents a method for upgradeability through a simplified
 * proxy whose upgrades are fully controlled by the current implementation.
 */
interface IERC1822ProxiableUpgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the storage slot that the proxiable contract assumes is being used to store the implementation
     * address.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: A proxy pointing at a proxiable contract should not be considered proxiable itself, because this risks
     * bricking a proxy that upgrades to it, by delegating to itself until out of gas. Thus it is critical that this
     * function revert if invoked through a proxy.
     */
    function proxiableUUID() external view returns (bytes32);
}


// File @openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/interfaces/[email protected]

// Original license: SPDX_License_Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (interfaces/IERC1967.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev ERC-1967: Proxy Storage Slots. This interface contains the events defined in the ERC.
 *
 * _Available since v4.8.3._
 */
interface IERC1967Upgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the implementation is upgraded.
     */
    event Upgraded(address indexed implementation);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the admin account has changed.
     */
    event AdminChanged(address previousAdmin, address newAdmin);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the beacon is changed.
     */
    event BeaconUpgraded(address indexed beacon);
}


// File @openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/proxy/beacon/[email protected]

// Original license: SPDX_License_Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (proxy/beacon/IBeacon.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev This is the interface that {BeaconProxy} expects of its beacon.
 */
interface IBeaconUpgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Must return an address that can be used as a delegate call target.
     *
     * {BeaconProxy} will check that this address is a contract.
     */
    function implementation() external view returns (address);
}


// File @openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/utils/[email protected]

// Original license: SPDX_License_Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/Address.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.1;

/**
 * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
 */
library AddressUpgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract.
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this function returns
     * false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a contract.
     *
     * Among others, `isContract` will return false for the following
     * types of addresses:
     *
     *  - an externally-owned account
     *  - a contract in construction
     *  - an address where a contract will be created
     *  - an address where a contract lived, but was destroyed
     *
     * Furthermore, `isContract` will also return true if the target contract within
     * the same transaction is already scheduled for destruction by `SELFDESTRUCT`,
     * which only has an effect at the end of a transaction.
     * ====
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * You shouldn't rely on `isContract` to protect against flash loan attacks!
     *
     * Preventing calls from contracts is highly discouraged. It breaks composability, breaks support for smart wallets
     * like Gnosis Safe, and does not provide security since it can be circumvented by calling from a contract
     * constructor.
     * ====
     */
    function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) {
        // This method relies on extcodesize/address.code.length, which returns 0
        // for contracts in construction, since the code is only stored at the end
        // of the constructor execution.

        return account.code.length > 0;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
     * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
     *
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
     * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
     * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
     * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
     *
     * https://consensys.net/diligence/blog/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
     *
     * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
     * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
     * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
     * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.8.0/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
     */
    function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
        require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Address: insufficient balance");

        (bool success, ) = recipient.call{value: amount}("");
        require(success, "Address: unable to send value, recipient may have reverted");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A
     * plain `call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this
     * function instead.
     *
     * If `target` reverts with a revert reason, it is bubbled up by this
     * function (like regular Solidity function calls).
     *
     * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value,
     * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`].
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `target` must be a contract.
     * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, "Address: low-level call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], but with
     * `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`.
     * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(address target, bytes memory data, uint256 value) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, "Address: low-level call with value failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCallWithValue-address-bytes-uint256-}[`functionCallWithValue`], but
     * with `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        uint256 value,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        require(address(this).balance >= value, "Address: insufficient balance for call");
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{value: value}(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionStaticCall(target, data, "Address: low-level static call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionDelegateCall(target, data, "Address: low-level delegate call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.delegatecall(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call to smart-contract was successful, and revert (either by bubbling
     * the revert reason or using the provided one) in case of unsuccessful call or if target was not a contract.
     *
     * _Available since v4.8._
     */
    function verifyCallResultFromTarget(
        address target,
        bool success,
        bytes memory returndata,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        if (success) {
            if (returndata.length == 0) {
                // only check isContract if the call was successful and the return data is empty
                // otherwise we already know that it was a contract
                require(isContract(target), "Address: call to non-contract");
            }
            return returndata;
        } else {
            _revert(returndata, errorMessage);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call was successful, and revert if it wasn't, either by bubbling the
     * revert reason or using the provided one.
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function verifyCallResult(
        bool success,
        bytes memory returndata,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
        if (success) {
            return returndata;
        } else {
            _revert(returndata, errorMessage);
        }
    }

    function _revert(bytes memory returndata, string memory errorMessage) private pure {
        // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present
        if (returndata.length > 0) {
            // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
                revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
            }
        } else {
            revert(errorMessage);
        }
    }
}


// File @openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/proxy/utils/[email protected]

// Original license: SPDX_License_Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (proxy/utils/Initializable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.2;

/**
 * @dev This is a base contract to aid in writing upgradeable contracts, or any kind of contract that will be deployed
 * behind a proxy. Since proxied contracts do not make use of a constructor, it's common to move constructor logic to an
 * external initializer function, usually called `initialize`. It then becomes necessary to protect this initializer
 * function so it can only be called once. The {initializer} modifier provided by this contract will have this effect.
 *
 * The initialization functions use a version number. Once a version number is used, it is consumed and cannot be
 * reused. This mechanism prevents re-execution of each "step" but allows the creation of new initialization steps in
 * case an upgrade adds a module that needs to be initialized.
 *
 * For example:
 *
 * [.hljs-theme-light.nopadding]
 * ```solidity
 * contract MyToken is ERC20Upgradeable {
 *     function initialize() initializer public {
 *         __ERC20_init("MyToken", "MTK");
 *     }
 * }
 *
 * contract MyTokenV2 is MyToken, ERC20PermitUpgradeable {
 *     function initializeV2() reinitializer(2) public {
 *         __ERC20Permit_init("MyToken");
 *     }
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * TIP: To avoid leaving the proxy in an uninitialized state, the initializer function should be called as early as
 * possible by providing the encoded function call as the `_data` argument to {ERC1967Proxy-constructor}.
 *
 * CAUTION: When used with inheritance, manual care must be taken to not invoke a parent initializer twice, or to ensure
 * that all initializers are idempotent. This is not verified automatically as constructors are by Solidity.
 *
 * [CAUTION]
 * ====
 * Avoid leaving a contract uninitialized.
 *
 * An uninitialized contract can be taken over by an attacker. This applies to both a proxy and its implementation
 * contract, which may impact the proxy. To prevent the implementation contract from being used, you should invoke
 * the {_disableInitializers} function in the constructor to automatically lock it when it is deployed:
 *
 * [.hljs-theme-light.nopadding]
 * ```
 * /// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow constructor
 * constructor() {
 *     _disableInitializers();
 * }
 * ```
 * ====
 */
abstract contract Initializable {
    /**
     * @dev Indicates that the contract has been initialized.
     * @custom:oz-retyped-from bool
     */
    uint8 private _initialized;

    /**
     * @dev Indicates that the contract is in the process of being initialized.
     */
    bool private _initializing;

    /**
     * @dev Triggered when the contract has been initialized or reinitialized.
     */
    event Initialized(uint8 version);

    /**
     * @dev A modifier that defines a protected initializer function that can be invoked at most once. In its scope,
     * `onlyInitializing` functions can be used to initialize parent contracts.
     *
     * Similar to `reinitializer(1)`, except that functions marked with `initializer` can be nested in the context of a
     * constructor.
     *
     * Emits an {Initialized} event.
     */
    modifier initializer() {
        bool isTopLevelCall = !_initializing;
        require(
            (isTopLevelCall && _initialized < 1) || (!AddressUpgradeable.isContract(address(this)) && _initialized == 1),
            "Initializable: contract is already initialized"
        );
        _initialized = 1;
        if (isTopLevelCall) {
            _initializing = true;
        }
        _;
        if (isTopLevelCall) {
            _initializing = false;
            emit Initialized(1);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev A modifier that defines a protected reinitializer function that can be invoked at most once, and only if the
     * contract hasn't been initialized to a greater version before. In its scope, `onlyInitializing` functions can be
     * used to initialize parent contracts.
     *
     * A reinitializer may be used after the original initialization step. This is essential to configure modules that
     * are added through upgrades and that require initialization.
     *
     * When `version` is 1, this modifier is similar to `initializer`, except that functions marked with `reinitializer`
     * cannot be nested. If one is invoked in the context of another, execution will revert.
     *
     * Note that versions can jump in increments greater than 1; this implies that if multiple reinitializers coexist in
     * a contract, executing them in the right order is up to the developer or operator.
     *
     * WARNING: setting the version to 255 will prevent any future reinitialization.
     *
     * Emits an {Initialized} event.
     */
    modifier reinitializer(uint8 version) {
        require(!_initializing && _initialized < version, "Initializable: contract is already initialized");
        _initialized = version;
        _initializing = true;
        _;
        _initializing = false;
        emit Initialized(version);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Modifier to protect an initialization function so that it can only be invoked by functions with the
     * {initializer} and {reinitializer} modifiers, directly or indirectly.
     */
    modifier onlyInitializing() {
        require(_initializing, "Initializable: contract is not initializing");
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Locks the contract, preventing any future reinitialization. This cannot be part of an initializer call.
     * Calling this in the constructor of a contract will prevent that contract from being initialized or reinitialized
     * to any version. It is recommended to use this to lock implementation contracts that are designed to be called
     * through proxies.
     *
     * Emits an {Initialized} event the first time it is successfully executed.
     */
    function _disableInitializers() internal virtual {
        require(!_initializing, "Initializable: contract is initializing");
        if (_initialized != type(uint8).max) {
            _initialized = type(uint8).max;
            emit Initialized(type(uint8).max);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the highest version that has been initialized. See {reinitializer}.
     */
    function _getInitializedVersion() internal view returns (uint8) {
        return _initialized;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns `true` if the contract is currently initializing. See {onlyInitializing}.
     */
    function _isInitializing() internal view returns (bool) {
        return _initializing;
    }
}


// File @openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/utils/[email protected]

// Original license: SPDX_License_Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/StorageSlot.sol)
// This file was procedurally generated from scripts/generate/templates/StorageSlot.js.

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Library for reading and writing primitive types to specific storage slots.
 *
 * Storage slots are often used to avoid storage conflict when dealing with upgradeable contracts.
 * This library helps with reading and writing to such slots without the need for inline assembly.
 *
 * The functions in this library return Slot structs that contain a `value` member that can be used to read or write.
 *
 * Example usage to set ERC1967 implementation slot:
 * ```solidity
 * contract ERC1967 {
 *     bytes32 internal constant _IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT = 0x360894a13ba1a3210667c828492db98dca3e2076cc3735a920a3ca505d382bbc;
 *
 *     function _getImplementation() internal view returns (address) {
 *         return StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value;
 *     }
 *
 *     function _setImplementation(address newImplementation) internal {
 *         require(Address.isContract(newImplementation), "ERC1967: new implementation is not a contract");
 *         StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value = newImplementation;
 *     }
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * _Available since v4.1 for `address`, `bool`, `bytes32`, `uint256`._
 * _Available since v4.9 for `string`, `bytes`._
 */
library StorageSlotUpgradeable {
    struct AddressSlot {
        address value;
    }

    struct BooleanSlot {
        bool value;
    }

    struct Bytes32Slot {
        bytes32 value;
    }

    struct Uint256Slot {
        uint256 value;
    }

    struct StringSlot {
        string value;
    }

    struct BytesSlot {
        bytes value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `AddressSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getAddressSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (AddressSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `BooleanSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getBooleanSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (BooleanSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `Bytes32Slot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getBytes32Slot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (Bytes32Slot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `Uint256Slot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getUint256Slot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (Uint256Slot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `StringSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getStringSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (StringSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `StringSlot` representation of the string storage pointer `store`.
     */
    function getStringSlot(string storage store) internal pure returns (StringSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := store.slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `BytesSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getBytesSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (BytesSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `BytesSlot` representation of the bytes storage pointer `store`.
     */
    function getBytesSlot(bytes storage store) internal pure returns (BytesSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := store.slot
        }
    }
}


// File @openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/proxy/ERC1967/[email protected]

// Original license: SPDX_License_Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (proxy/ERC1967/ERC1967Upgrade.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.2;






/**
 * @dev This abstract contract provides getters and event emitting update functions for
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1967[EIP1967] slots.
 *
 * _Available since v4.1._
 */
abstract contract ERC1967UpgradeUpgradeable is Initializable, IERC1967Upgradeable {
    // This is the keccak-256 hash of "eip1967.proxy.rollback" subtracted by 1
    bytes32 private constant _ROLLBACK_SLOT = 0x4910fdfa16fed3260ed0e7147f7cc6da11a60208b5b9406d12a635614ffd9143;

    /**
     * @dev Storage slot with the address of the current implementation.
     * This is the keccak-256 hash of "eip1967.proxy.implementation" subtracted by 1, and is
     * validated in the constructor.
     */
    bytes32 internal constant _IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT = 0x360894a13ba1a3210667c828492db98dca3e2076cc3735a920a3ca505d382bbc;

    function __ERC1967Upgrade_init() internal onlyInitializing {
    }

    function __ERC1967Upgrade_init_unchained() internal onlyInitializing {
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the current implementation address.
     */
    function _getImplementation() internal view returns (address) {
        return StorageSlotUpgradeable.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Stores a new address in the EIP1967 implementation slot.
     */
    function _setImplementation(address newImplementation) private {
        require(AddressUpgradeable.isContract(newImplementation), "ERC1967: new implementation is not a contract");
        StorageSlotUpgradeable.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value = newImplementation;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Perform implementation upgrade
     *
     * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
     */
    function _upgradeTo(address newImplementation) internal {
        _setImplementation(newImplementation);
        emit Upgraded(newImplementation);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Perform implementation upgrade with additional setup call.
     *
     * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
     */
    function _upgradeToAndCall(address newImplementation, bytes memory data, bool forceCall) internal {
        _upgradeTo(newImplementation);
        if (data.length > 0 || forceCall) {
            AddressUpgradeable.functionDelegateCall(newImplementation, data);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Perform implementation upgrade with security checks for UUPS proxies, and additional setup call.
     *
     * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
     */
    function _upgradeToAndCallUUPS(address newImplementation, bytes memory data, bool forceCall) internal {
        // Upgrades from old implementations will perform a rollback test. This test requires the new
        // implementation to upgrade back to the old, non-ERC1822 compliant, implementation. Removing
        // this special case will break upgrade paths from old UUPS implementation to new ones.
        if (StorageSlotUpgradeable.getBooleanSlot(_ROLLBACK_SLOT).value) {
            _setImplementation(newImplementation);
        } else {
            try IERC1822ProxiableUpgradeable(newImplementation).proxiableUUID() returns (bytes32 slot) {
                require(slot == _IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT, "ERC1967Upgrade: unsupported proxiableUUID");
            } catch {
                revert("ERC1967Upgrade: new implementation is not UUPS");
            }
            _upgradeToAndCall(newImplementation, data, forceCall);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Storage slot with the admin of the contract.
     * This is the keccak-256 hash of "eip1967.proxy.admin" subtracted by 1, and is
     * validated in the constructor.
     */
    bytes32 internal constant _ADMIN_SLOT = 0xb53127684a568b3173ae13b9f8a6016e243e63b6e8ee1178d6a717850b5d6103;

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current admin.
     */
    function _getAdmin() internal view returns (address) {
        return StorageSlotUpgradeable.getAddressSlot(_ADMIN_SLOT).value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Stores a new address in the EIP1967 admin slot.
     */
    function _setAdmin(address newAdmin) private {
        require(newAdmin != address(0), "ERC1967: new admin is the zero address");
        StorageSlotUpgradeable.getAddressSlot(_ADMIN_SLOT).value = newAdmin;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Changes the admin of the proxy.
     *
     * Emits an {AdminChanged} event.
     */
    function _changeAdmin(address newAdmin) internal {
        emit AdminChanged(_getAdmin(), newAdmin);
        _setAdmin(newAdmin);
    }

    /**
     * @dev The storage slot of the UpgradeableBeacon contract which defines the implementation for this proxy.
     * This is bytes32(uint256(keccak256('eip1967.proxy.beacon')) - 1)) and is validated in the constructor.
     */
    bytes32 internal constant _BEACON_SLOT = 0xa3f0ad74e5423aebfd80d3ef4346578335a9a72aeaee59ff6cb3582b35133d50;

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current beacon.
     */
    function _getBeacon() internal view returns (address) {
        return StorageSlotUpgradeable.getAddressSlot(_BEACON_SLOT).value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Stores a new beacon in the EIP1967 beacon slot.
     */
    function _setBeacon(address newBeacon) private {
        require(AddressUpgradeable.isContract(newBeacon), "ERC1967: new beacon is not a contract");
        require(
            AddressUpgradeable.isContract(IBeaconUpgradeable(newBeacon).implementation()),
            "ERC1967: beacon implementation is not a contract"
        );
        StorageSlotUpgradeable.getAddressSlot(_BEACON_SLOT).value = newBeacon;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Perform beacon upgrade with additional setup call. Note: This upgrades the address of the beacon, it does
     * not upgrade the implementation contained in the beacon (see {UpgradeableBeacon-_setImplementation} for that).
     *
     * Emits a {BeaconUpgraded} event.
     */
    function _upgradeBeaconToAndCall(address newBeacon, bytes memory data, bool forceCall) internal {
        _setBeacon(newBeacon);
        emit BeaconUpgraded(newBeacon);
        if (data.length > 0 || forceCall) {
            AddressUpgradeable.functionDelegateCall(IBeaconUpgradeable(newBeacon).implementation(), data);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev This empty reserved space is put in place to allow future versions to add new
     * variables without shifting down storage in the inheritance chain.
     * See https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/upgradeable#storage_gaps
     */
    uint256[50] private __gap;
}


// File @openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/proxy/utils/[email protected]

// Original license: SPDX_License_Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (proxy/utils/UUPSUpgradeable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;



/**
 * @dev An upgradeability mechanism designed for UUPS proxies. The functions included here can perform an upgrade of an
 * {ERC1967Proxy}, when this contract is set as the implementation behind such a proxy.
 *
 * A security mechanism ensures that an upgrade does not turn off upgradeability accidentally, although this risk is
 * reinstated if the upgrade retains upgradeability but removes the security mechanism, e.g. by replacing
 * `UUPSUpgradeable` with a custom implementation of upgrades.
 *
 * The {_authorizeUpgrade} function must be overridden to include access restriction to the upgrade mechanism.
 *
 * _Available since v4.1._
 */
abstract contract UUPSUpgradeable is Initializable, IERC1822ProxiableUpgradeable, ERC1967UpgradeUpgradeable {
    /// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow state-variable-immutable state-variable-assignment
    address private immutable __self = address(this);

    /**
     * @dev Check that the execution is being performed through a delegatecall call and that the execution context is
     * a proxy contract with an implementation (as defined in ERC1967) pointing to self. This should only be the case
     * for UUPS and transparent proxies that are using the current contract as their implementation. Execution of a
     * function through ERC1167 minimal proxies (clones) would not normally pass this test, but is not guaranteed to
     * fail.
     */
    modifier onlyProxy() {
        require(address(this) != __self, "Function must be called through delegatecall");
        require(_getImplementation() == __self, "Function must be called through active proxy");
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Check that the execution is not being performed through a delegate call. This allows a function to be
     * callable on the implementing contract but not through proxies.
     */
    modifier notDelegated() {
        require(address(this) == __self, "UUPSUpgradeable: must not be called through delegatecall");
        _;
    }

    function __UUPSUpgradeable_init() internal onlyInitializing {
    }

    function __UUPSUpgradeable_init_unchained() internal onlyInitializing {
    }
    /**
     * @dev Implementation of the ERC1822 {proxiableUUID} function. This returns the storage slot used by the
     * implementation. It is used to validate the implementation's compatibility when performing an upgrade.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: A proxy pointing at a proxiable contract should not be considered proxiable itself, because this risks
     * bricking a proxy that upgrades to it, by delegating to itself until out of gas. Thus it is critical that this
     * function revert if invoked through a proxy. This is guaranteed by the `notDelegated` modifier.
     */
    function proxiableUUID() external view virtual override notDelegated returns (bytes32) {
        return _IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Upgrade the implementation of the proxy to `newImplementation`.
     *
     * Calls {_authorizeUpgrade}.
     *
     * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
     *
     * @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow-reachable delegatecall
     */
    function upgradeTo(address newImplementation) public virtual onlyProxy {
        _authorizeUpgrade(newImplementation);
        _upgradeToAndCallUUPS(newImplementation, new bytes(0), false);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Upgrade the implementation of the proxy to `newImplementation`, and subsequently execute the function call
     * encoded in `data`.
     *
     * Calls {_authorizeUpgrade}.
     *
     * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
     *
     * @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow-reachable delegatecall
     */
    function upgradeToAndCall(address newImplementation, bytes memory data) public payable virtual onlyProxy {
        _authorizeUpgrade(newImplementation);
        _upgradeToAndCallUUPS(newImplementation, data, true);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Function that should revert when `msg.sender` is not authorized to upgrade the contract. Called by
     * {upgradeTo} and {upgradeToAndCall}.
     *
     * Normally, this function will use an xref:access.adoc[access control] modifier such as {Ownable-onlyOwner}.
     *
     * ```solidity
     * function _authorizeUpgrade(address) internal override onlyOwner {}
     * ```
     */
    function _authorizeUpgrade(address newImplementation) internal virtual;

    /**
     * @dev This empty reserved space is put in place to allow future versions to add new
     * variables without shifting down storage in the inheritance chain.
     * See https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/upgradeable#storage_gaps
     */
    uint256[50] private __gap;
}


// File contracts/pass/dn404/DN404Mirror.sol

// Original license: SPDX_License_Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.17;

/// @title DN404Mirror
/// @notice DN404Mirror provides an interface for interacting with the
/// NFT tokens in a DN404 implementation.
///
/// @author vectorized.eth (@optimizoor)
/// @author Quit (@0xQuit)
/// @author Michael Amadi (@AmadiMichaels)
/// @author cygaar (@0xCygaar)
/// @author Thomas (@0xjustadev)
/// @author Harrison (@PopPunkOnChain)
///
/// @dev Note:
/// - The ERC721 data is stored in the base DN404 contract.
abstract contract DN404Mirror is Initializable {
    /*«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-*/
    /*                           EVENTS                           */
    /*-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»*/

    /// @dev Emitted when token `id` is transferred from `from` to `to`.
    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 indexed id);

    /// @dev Emitted when `owner` enables `account` to manage the `id` token.
    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed account, uint256 indexed id);

    /// @dev Emitted when `owner` enables or disables `operator` to manage all of their tokens.
    event ApprovalForAll(address indexed owner, address indexed operator, bool isApproved);

    /// @dev The ownership is transferred from `oldOwner` to `newOwner`.
    /// This is for marketplace signaling purposes. This contract has a `pullOwner()`
    /// function that will sync the owner from the base contract.
    event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed oldOwner, address indexed newOwner);

    /// @dev `keccak256(bytes("Transfer(address,address,uint256)"))`.
    uint256 private constant _TRANSFER_EVENT_SIGNATURE =
        0xddf252ad1be2c89b69c2b068fc378daa952ba7f163c4a11628f55a4df523b3ef;

    /// @dev `keccak256(bytes("Approval(address,address,uint256)"))`.
    uint256 private constant _APPROVAL_EVENT_SIGNATURE =
        0x8c5be1e5ebec7d5bd14f71427d1e84f3dd0314c0f7b2291e5b200ac8c7c3b925;

    /// @dev `keccak256(bytes("ApprovalForAll(address,address,bool)"))`.
    uint256 private constant _APPROVAL_FOR_ALL_EVENT_SIGNATURE =
        0x17307eab39ab6107e8899845ad3d59bd9653f200f220920489ca2b5937696c31;

    /*«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-*/
    /*                        CUSTOM ERRORS                       */
    /*-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»*/

    /// @dev Thrown when a call for an NFT function did not originate
    /// from the base DN404 contract.
    error SenderNotBase();

    /// @dev Thrown when a call for an NFT function did not originate from the deployer.
    error SenderNotDeployer();

    /// @dev Thrown when transferring an NFT to a contract address that
    /// does not implement ERC721Receiver.
    error TransferToNonERC721ReceiverImplementer();

    /// @dev Thrown when linking to the DN404 base contract and the
    /// DN404 supportsInterface check fails or the call reverts.
    error CannotLink();

    /// @dev Thrown when a linkMirrorContract call is received and the
    /// NFT mirror contract has already been linked to a DN404 base contract.
    error AlreadyLinked();

    /// @dev Thrown when retrieving the base DN404 address when a link has not
    /// been established.
    error NotLinked();

    /// @dev The function selector is not recognized.
    error FnSelectorNotRecognized();

    /*«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-*/
    /*                          STORAGE                           */
    /*-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»*/

    /// @dev Struct contain the NFT mirror contract storage.
    struct DN404NFTStorage {
        // Address of the ERC20 base contract.
        address baseERC20;
        // The deployer, if provided. If non-zero, the initialization of the
        // ERC20 <-> ERC721 link can only be done be the deployer via the ERC20 base contract.
        address deployer;
        // The owner of the ERC20 base contract. For marketplace signaling.
        address owner;
    }

    /// @dev Returns a storage pointer for DN404NFTStorage.
    function _getDN404NFTStorage() internal pure virtual returns (DN404NFTStorage storage $) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            // `uint72(bytes9(keccak256("DN404_MIRROR_STORAGE")))`.
            $.slot := 0x3602298b8c10b01230 // Truncate to 9 bytes to reduce bytecode size.
        }
    }

    /*«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-*/
    /*                        CONSTRUCTOR                         */
    /*-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»*/

    function _initializeMirror(address owner_, address deployer_) internal onlyInitializing {
        // For non-proxies, we will store the deployer so that only the deployer can
        // link the base contract.
        _getDN404NFTStorage().deployer = deployer_;
        _getDN404NFTStorage().owner = owner_;
    }

    /*«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-*/
    /*                     ERC721 OPERATIONS                      */
    /*-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»*/

    /// @dev Returns the token collection name from the base DN404 contract.
    function name() public view virtual returns (string memory) {
        return _readString(0x06fdde03, 0); // `name()`.
    }

    /// @dev Returns the token collection symbol from the base DN404 contract.
    function symbol() public view virtual returns (string memory) {
        return _readString(0x95d89b41, 0); // `symbol()`.
    }

    /// @dev Returns the Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) for token `id` from
    /// the base DN404 contract.
    function tokenURI(uint256 id) public view virtual returns (string memory) {
        return _readString(0xc87b56dd, id); // `tokenURI(uint256)`.
    }

    /// @dev Returns the total NFT supply from the base DN404 contract.
    function totalSupply() public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _readWord(0xe2c79281, 0, 0); // `totalNFTSupply()`.
    }

    /// @dev Returns the number of NFT tokens owned by `nftOwner` from the base DN404 contract.
    ///
    /// Requirements:
    /// - `nftOwner` must not be the zero address.
    function balanceOf(address nftOwner) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _readWord(0xf5b100ea, uint160(nftOwner), 0); // `balanceOfNFT(address)`.
    }

    /// @dev Returns the owner of token `id` from the base DN404 contract.
    ///
    /// Requirements:
    /// - Token `id` must exist.
    function ownerOf(uint256 id) public view virtual returns (address) {
        return address(uint160(_readWord(0x6352211e, id, 0))); // `ownerOf(uint256)`.
    }

    /// @dev Returns the owner of token `id` from the base DN404 contract.
    /// Returns `address(0)` instead of reverting if the token does not exist.
    function ownerAt(uint256 id) public view virtual returns (address) {
        return address(uint160(_readWord(0x24359879, id, 0))); // `ownerAt(uint256)`.
    }

    /// @dev Sets `spender` as the approved account to manage token `id` in
    /// the base DN404 contract.
    ///
    /// Requirements:
    /// - Token `id` must exist.
    /// - The caller must be the owner of the token,
    ///   or an approved operator for the token owner.
    ///
    /// Emits an {Approval} event.
    function approve(address spender, uint256 id) public payable virtual {
        address base = baseERC20();
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            spender := shr(96, shl(96, spender))
            let m := mload(0x40)
            mstore(0x00, 0xd10b6e0c) // `approveNFT(address,uint256,address)`.
            mstore(0x20, spender)
            mstore(0x40, id)
            mstore(0x60, caller())
            if iszero(
                and( // Arguments of `and` are evaluated last to first.
                    gt(returndatasize(), 0x1f), // The call must return at least 32 bytes.
                    call(gas(), base, callvalue(), 0x1c, 0x64, 0x00, 0x20)
                )
            ) {
                returndatacopy(m, 0x00, returndatasize())
                revert(m, returndatasize())
            }
            mstore(0x40, m) // Restore the free memory pointer.
            mstore(0x60, 0) // Restore the zero pointer.
            // Emit the {Approval} event.
            log4(codesize(), 0x00, _APPROVAL_EVENT_SIGNATURE, shr(96, mload(0x0c)), spender, id)
        }
    }

    /// @dev Returns the account approved to manage token `id` from
    /// the base DN404 contract.
    ///
    /// Requirements:
    /// - Token `id` must exist.
    function getApproved(uint256 id) public view virtual returns (address) {
        return address(uint160(_readWord(0x081812fc, id, 0))); // `getApproved(uint256)`.
    }

    /// @dev Sets whether `operator` is approved to manage the tokens of the caller in
    /// the base DN404 contract.
    ///
    /// Emits an {ApprovalForAll} event.
    function setApprovalForAll(address operator, bool approved) public virtual {
        address base = baseERC20();
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            operator := shr(96, shl(96, operator))
            let m := mload(0x40)
            mstore(0x00, 0x813500fc) // `setApprovalForAll(address,bool,address)`.
            mstore(0x20, operator)
            mstore(0x40, iszero(iszero(approved)))
            mstore(0x60, caller())
            if iszero(
                and( // Arguments of `and` are evaluated last to first.
                    eq(mload(0x00), 1), // The call must return 1.
                    call(gas(), base, callvalue(), 0x1c, 0x64, 0x00, 0x20)
                )
            ) {
                returndatacopy(m, 0x00, returndatasize())
                revert(m, returndatasize())
            }
            // Emit the {ApprovalForAll} event.
            // The `approved` value is already at 0x40.
            log3(0x40, 0x20, _APPROVAL_FOR_ALL_EVENT_SIGNATURE, caller(), operator)
            mstore(0x40, m) // Restore the free memory pointer.
            mstore(0x60, 0) // Restore the zero pointer.
        }
    }

    /// @dev Returns whether `operator` is approved to manage the tokens of `nftOwner` from
    /// the base DN404 contract.
    function isApprovedForAll(address nftOwner, address operator)
        public
        view
        virtual
        returns (bool)
    {
        // `isApprovedForAll(address,address)`.
        return _readWord(0xe985e9c5, uint160(nftOwner), uint160(operator)) != 0;
    }

    /// @dev Transfers token `id` from `from` to `to`.
    ///
    /// Requirements:
    ///
    /// - Token `id` must exist.
    /// - `from` must be the owner of the token.
    /// - `to` cannot be the zero address.
    /// - The caller must be the owner of the token, or be approved to manage the token.
    ///
    /// Emits a {Transfer} event.
    function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 id) public payable virtual {
        address base = baseERC20();
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            from := shr(96, shl(96, from))
            to := shr(96, shl(96, to))
            let m := mload(0x40)
            mstore(m, 0xe5eb36c8) // `transferFromNFT(address,address,uint256,address)`.
            mstore(add(m, 0x20), from)
            mstore(add(m, 0x40), to)
            mstore(add(m, 0x60), id)
            mstore(add(m, 0x80), caller())
            if iszero(
                and( // Arguments of `and` are evaluated last to first.
                    eq(mload(m), 1), // The call must return 1.
                    call(gas(), base, callvalue(), add(m, 0x1c), 0x84, m, 0x20)
                )
            ) {
                returndatacopy(m, 0x00, returndatasize())
                revert(m, returndatasize())
            }
            // Emit the {Transfer} event.
            log4(codesize(), 0x00, _TRANSFER_EVENT_SIGNATURE, from, to, id)
        }
    }

    /// @dev Equivalent to `safeTransferFrom(from, to, id, "")`.
    function safeTransferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 id) public payable virtual {
        transferFrom(from, to, id);
        if (_hasCode(to)) _checkOnERC721Received(from, to, id, "");
    }

    /// @dev Transfers token `id` from `from` to `to`.
    ///
    /// Requirements:
    ///
    /// - Token `id` must exist.
    /// - `from` must be the owner of the token.
    /// - `to` cannot be the zero address.
    /// - The caller must be the owner of the token, or be approved to manage the token.
    /// - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement
    ///   {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received}, which is called upon a safe transfer.
    ///
    /// Emits a {Transfer} event.
    function safeTransferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 id, bytes calldata data)
        public
        payable
        virtual
    {
        transferFrom(from, to, id);
        if (_hasCode(to)) _checkOnERC721Received(from, to, id, data);
    }

    /// @dev Returns true if this contract implements the interface defined by `interfaceId`.
    /// See: https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165
    /// This function call must use less than 30000 gas.
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual returns (bool result) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            let s := shr(224, interfaceId)
            // ERC165: 0x01ffc9a7, ERC721: 0x80ac58cd, ERC721Metadata: 0x5b5e139f.
            result := or(or(eq(s, 0x01ffc9a7), eq(s, 0x80ac58cd)), eq(s, 0x5b5e139f))
        }
    }

    /*«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-*/
    /*                  OWNER SYNCING OPERATIONS                  */
    /*-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»*/

    /// @dev Returns the `owner` of the contract, for marketplace signaling purposes.
    function owner() public view virtual returns (address) {
        return _getDN404NFTStorage().owner;
    }
/*
    /// @dev Permissionless function to pull the owner from the base DN404 contract
    /// if it implements ownable, for marketplace signaling purposes.
    function pullOwner() public virtual returns (bool) {
        address newOwner;
        address base = baseERC20();
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            mstore(0x00, 0x8da5cb5b) // `owner()`.
            let success := staticcall(gas(), base, 0x1c, 0x04, 0x00, 0x20)
            newOwner := mul(shr(96, mload(0x0c)), and(gt(returndatasize(), 0x1f), success))
        }
        DN404NFTStorage storage $ = _getDN404NFTStorage();
        address oldOwner = $.owner;
        if (oldOwner != newOwner) {
            $.owner = newOwner;
            emit OwnershipTransferred(oldOwner, newOwner);
        }
        return true;
    }
*/

    /*«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-*/
    /*                     MIRROR OPERATIONS                      */
    /*-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»*/

    /// @dev Returns the address of the base DN404 contract.
    function baseERC20() public view virtual returns (address base) {
        base = _getDN404NFTStorage().baseERC20;
        if (base == address(0)) revert NotLinked();
    }

    /// @dev Fallback modifier to execute calls from the base DN404 contract.
    modifier dn404NFTFallback() virtual {
        DN404NFTStorage storage $ = _getDN404NFTStorage();

        uint256 fnSelector = _calldataload(0x00) >> 224;

        // `logTransfer(uint256[])`.
        if (fnSelector == 0x263c69d6) {
            if (msg.sender != $.baseERC20) revert SenderNotBase();
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                let o := add(0x24, calldataload(0x04)) // Packed logs offset.
                let end := add(o, shl(5, calldataload(sub(o, 0x20))))
                for {} iszero(eq(o, end)) { o := add(0x20, o) } {
                    let d := calldataload(o) // Entry in the packed logs.
                    let a := shr(96, d) // The address.
                    let b := and(1, d) // Whether it is a burn.
                    log4(
                        codesize(),
                        0x00,
                        _TRANSFER_EVENT_SIGNATURE,
                        mul(a, b), // `from`.
                        mul(a, iszero(b)), // `to`.
                        shr(168, shl(160, d)) // `id`.
                    )
                }
                mstore(0x00, 0x01)
                return(0x00, 0x20)
            }
        }
        // `logDirectTransfer(address,address,uint256[])`.
        if (fnSelector == 0x144027d3) {
            if (msg.sender != $.baseERC20) revert SenderNotBase();
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                let from := calldataload(0x04)
                let to := calldataload(0x24)
                let o := add(0x24, calldataload(0x44)) // Direct logs offset.
                let end := add(o, shl(5, calldataload(sub(o, 0x20))))
                for {} iszero(eq(o, end)) { o := add(0x20, o) } {
                    log4(codesize(), 0x00, _TRANSFER_EVENT_SIGNATURE, from, to, calldataload(o))
                }
                mstore(0x00, 0x01)
                return(0x00, 0x20)
            }
        }
        // `linkMirrorContract(address)`.
        if (fnSelector == 0x0f4599e5) {
            if ($.deployer != address(0)) {
                if (address(uint160(_calldataload(0x04))) != $.deployer) {
                    revert SenderNotDeployer();
                }
            }
            if ($.baseERC20 != address(0)) revert AlreadyLinked();
            $.baseERC20 = msg.sender;
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                mstore(0x00, 0x01)
                return(0x00, 0x20)
            }
        }
        _;
    }

    /// @dev Fallback function for calls from base DN404 contract.
    /// Override this if you need to implement your custom
    /// fallback with utilities like Solady's `LibZip.cdFallback()`.
    /// And always remember to always wrap the fallback with `dn404NFTFallback`.
    fallback() external payable virtual dn404NFTFallback {
        revert FnSelectorNotRecognized(); // Not mandatory. Just for quality of life.
    }

    /// @dev This is to silence the compiler warning.
    /// Override and remove the revert if you want your contract to receive ETH via receive.
    receive() external payable virtual {
        if (msg.value != 0) revert();
    }

    /*«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-*/
    /*                      PRIVATE HELPERS                       */
    /*-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»*/

    /// @dev Helper to read a string from the base DN404 contract.
    function _readString(uint256 fnSelector, uint256 arg0)
        private
        view
        returns (string memory result)
    {
        address base = baseERC20();
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            result := mload(0x40)
            mstore(0x00, fnSelector)
            mstore(0x20, arg0)
            if iszero(staticcall(gas(), base, 0x1c, 0x24, 0x00, 0x00)) {
                returndatacopy(result, 0x00, returndatasize())
                revert(result, returndatasize())
            }
            returndatacopy(0x00, 0x00, 0x20) // Copy the offset of the string in returndata.
            returndatacopy(result, mload(0x00), 0x20) // Copy the length of the string.
            returndatacopy(add(result, 0x20), add(mload(0x00), 0x20), mload(result)) // Copy the string.
            let end := add(add(result, 0x20), mload(result))
            mstore(end, 0) // Zeroize the word after the string.
            mstore(0x40, add(end, 0x20)) // Allocate memory.
        }
    }

    /// @dev Helper to read a word from the base DN404 contract.
    function _readWord(uint256 fnSelector, uint256 arg0, uint256 arg1)
        private
        view
        returns (uint256 result)
    {
        address base = baseERC20();
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            let m := mload(0x40)
            mstore(0x00, fnSelector)
            mstore(0x20, arg0)
            mstore(0x40, arg1)
            if iszero(
                and( // Arguments of `and` are evaluated last to first.
                    gt(returndatasize(), 0x1f), // The call must return at least 32 bytes.
                    staticcall(gas(), base, 0x1c, 0x44, 0x00, 0x20)
                )
            ) {
                returndatacopy(m, 0x00, returndatasize())
                revert(m, returndatasize())
            }
            mstore(0x40, m) // Restore the free memory pointer.
            result := mload(0x00)
        }
    }

    /// @dev Returns the calldata value at `offset`.
    function _calldataload(uint256 offset) private pure returns (uint256 value) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            value := calldataload(offset)
        }
    }

    /// @dev Returns if `a` has bytecode of non-zero length.
    function _hasCode(address a) private view returns (bool result) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            result := extcodesize(a) // Can handle dirty upper bits.
        }
    }

    /// @dev Perform a call to invoke {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received} on `to`.
    /// Reverts if the target does not support the function correctly.
    function _checkOnERC721Received(address from, address to, uint256 id, bytes memory data)
        private
    {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            // Prepare the calldata.
            let m := mload(0x40)
            let onERC721ReceivedSelector := 0x150b7a02
            mstore(m, onERC721ReceivedSelector)
            mstore(add(m, 0x20), caller()) // The `operator`, which is always `msg.sender`.
            mstore(add(m, 0x40), shr(96, shl(96, from)))
            mstore(add(m, 0x60), id)
            mstore(add(m, 0x80), 0x80)
            let n := mload(data)
            mstore(add(m, 0xa0), n)
            if n { pop(staticcall(gas(), 4, add(data, 0x20), n, add(m, 0xc0), n)) }
            // Revert if the call reverts.
            if iszero(call(gas(), to, 0, add(m, 0x1c), add(n, 0xa4), m, 0x20)) {
                if returndatasize() {
                    // Bubble up the revert if the call reverts.
                    returndatacopy(m, 0x00, returndatasize())
                    revert(m, returndatasize())
                }
            }
            // Load the returndata and compare it.
            if iszero(eq(mload(m), shl(224, onERC721ReceivedSelector))) {
                mstore(0x00, 0xd1a57ed6) // `TransferToNonERC721ReceiverImplementer()`.
                revert(0x1c, 0x04)
            }
        }
    }
}


// File contracts/pass/VelocityPass2.sol

// Original license: SPDX_License_Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.17;


/**
 * @title VelocityPass2
 * @notice Sample DN404 contract that demonstrates the owner selling fungible tokens.
 * When a user has at least one base unit (10^18) amount of tokens, they will automatically receive an NFT.
 * NFTs are minted as an address accumulates each base unit amount of tokens.
 */
contract VelocityPass2 is DN404Mirror, UUPSUpgradeable  {

    modifier onlyOwner() {
        require(owner() == msg.sender, "Ownable: not owner");
        _;
    }

    constructor() {
        _disableInitializers();
    }

    // required by the OZ UUPS module
    function _authorizeUpgrade(address) internal override onlyOwner {}

    function initialize(address _owner) external initializer {
        _initializeMirror(_owner, _owner);
        __UUPSUpgradeable_init();
    }

    function transferOwnership(address newOwner) external onlyOwner {
        require(newOwner != address(0), "Ownable: new owner is zero");
        address oldOwner = _getDN404NFTStorage().owner;
        _getDN404NFTStorage().owner = newOwner;
        emit OwnershipTransferred(oldOwner, newOwner);
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/Address.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.1;
/**
 * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
 */
library Address {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract.
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this function returns
     * false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a contract.
     *
     * Among others, `isContract` will return false for the following
     * types of addresses:
     *
     *  - an externally-owned account
     *  - a contract in construction
     *  - an address where a contract will be created
     *  - an address where a contract lived, but was destroyed
     *
     * Furthermore, `isContract` will also return true if the target contract within
     * the same transaction is already scheduled for destruction by `SELFDESTRUCT`,
     * which only has an effect at the end of a transaction.
     * ====
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * You shouldn't rely on `isContract` to protect against flash loan attacks!
     *
     * Preventing calls from contracts is highly discouraged. It breaks composability, breaks support for smart wallets
     * like Gnosis Safe, and does not provide security since it can be circumvented by calling from a contract
     * constructor.
     * ====
     */
    function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) {
        // This method relies on extcodesize/address.code.length, which returns 0
        // for contracts in construction, since the code is only stored at the end
        // of the constructor execution.
        return account.code.length > 0;
    }
    /**
     * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
     * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
     *
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
     * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
     * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
     * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
     *
     * https://consensys.net/diligence/blog/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
     *
     * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
     * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
     * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
     * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.8.0/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
     */
    function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
        require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Address: insufficient balance");
        (bool success, ) = recipient.call{value: amount}("");
        require(success, "Address: unable to send value, recipient may have reverted");
    }
    /**
     * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A
     * plain `call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this
     * function instead.
     *
     * If `target` reverts with a revert reason, it is bubbled up by this
     * function (like regular Solidity function calls).
     *
     * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value,
     * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`].
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `target` must be a contract.
     * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, "Address: low-level call failed");
    }
    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], but with
     * `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, errorMessage);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`.
     * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(address target, bytes memory data, uint256 value) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, "Address: low-level call with value failed");
    }
    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCallWithValue-address-bytes-uint256-}[`functionCallWithValue`], but
     * with `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        uint256 value,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        require(address(this).balance >= value, "Address: insufficient balance for call");
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{value: value}(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionStaticCall(target, data, "Address: low-level static call failed");
    }
    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionDelegateCall(target, data, "Address: low-level delegate call failed");
    }
    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.delegatecall(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call to smart-contract was successful, and revert (either by bubbling
     * the revert reason or using the provided one) in case of unsuccessful call or if target was not a contract.
     *
     * _Available since v4.8._
     */
    function verifyCallResultFromTarget(
        address target,
        bool success,
        bytes memory returndata,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        if (success) {
            if (returndata.length == 0) {
                // only check isContract if the call was successful and the return data is empty
                // otherwise we already know that it was a contract
                require(isContract(target), "Address: call to non-contract");
            }
            return returndata;
        } else {
            _revert(returndata, errorMessage);
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call was successful, and revert if it wasn't, either by bubbling the
     * revert reason or using the provided one.
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function verifyCallResult(
        bool success,
        bytes memory returndata,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
        if (success) {
            return returndata;
        } else {
            _revert(returndata, errorMessage);
        }
    }
    function _revert(bytes memory returndata, string memory errorMessage) private pure {
        // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present
        if (returndata.length > 0) {
            // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
                revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
            }
        } else {
            revert(errorMessage);
        }
    }
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/StorageSlot.sol)
// This file was procedurally generated from scripts/generate/templates/StorageSlot.js.
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
/**
 * @dev Library for reading and writing primitive types to specific storage slots.
 *
 * Storage slots are often used to avoid storage conflict when dealing with upgradeable contracts.
 * This library helps with reading and writing to such slots without the need for inline assembly.
 *
 * The functions in this library return Slot structs that contain a `value` member that can be used to read or write.
 *
 * Example usage to set ERC1967 implementation slot:
 * ```solidity
 * contract ERC1967 {
 *     bytes32 internal constant _IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT = 0x360894a13ba1a3210667c828492db98dca3e2076cc3735a920a3ca505d382bbc;
 *
 *     function _getImplementation() internal view returns (address) {
 *         return StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value;
 *     }
 *
 *     function _setImplementation(address newImplementation) internal {
 *         require(Address.isContract(newImplementation), "ERC1967: new implementation is not a contract");
 *         StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value = newImplementation;
 *     }
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * _Available since v4.1 for `address`, `bool`, `bytes32`, `uint256`._
 * _Available since v4.9 for `string`, `bytes`._
 */
library StorageSlot {
    struct AddressSlot {
        address value;
    }
    struct BooleanSlot {
        bool value;
    }
    struct Bytes32Slot {
        bytes32 value;
    }
    struct Uint256Slot {
        uint256 value;
    }
    struct StringSlot {
        string value;
    }
    struct BytesSlot {
        bytes value;
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns an `AddressSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getAddressSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (AddressSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns an `BooleanSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getBooleanSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (BooleanSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns an `Bytes32Slot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getBytes32Slot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (Bytes32Slot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns an `Uint256Slot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getUint256Slot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (Uint256Slot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns an `StringSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getStringSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (StringSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns an `StringSlot` representation of the string storage pointer `store`.
     */
    function getStringSlot(string storage store) internal pure returns (StringSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := store.slot
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns an `BytesSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getBytesSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (BytesSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns an `BytesSlot` representation of the bytes storage pointer `store`.
     */
    function getBytesSlot(bytes storage store) internal pure returns (BytesSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := store.slot
        }
    }
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (proxy/ERC1967/ERC1967Proxy.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.17;
import "../Proxy.sol";
import "./ERC1967Upgrade.sol";
/**
 * @dev This contract implements an upgradeable proxy. It is upgradeable because calls are delegated to an
 * implementation address that can be changed. This address is stored in storage in the location specified by
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1967[EIP1967], so that it doesn't conflict with the storage layout of the
 * implementation behind the proxy.
 */
contract ERC1967Proxy is Proxy, ERC1967Upgrade {
    constructor(address _owner) {
        _setOwner(_owner);
    }
    //just call one time
    function initProxy(address _logic, bytes memory _data) external {
        require(_getOwner() == msg.sender);
        require(ERC1967Upgrade._getImplementation() == address(0));
        _upgradeToAndCall(_logic, _data, false);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the current implementation address.
     */
    function _implementation() internal view virtual override returns (address impl) {
        return ERC1967Upgrade._getImplementation();
    }
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (proxy/ERC1967/ERC1967Upgrade.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.17;
import "../interfaces/IERC1967.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Address.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/StorageSlot.sol";
/**
 * @dev This abstract contract provides getters and event emitting update functions for
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1967[EIP1967] slots.
 *
 * _Available since v4.1._
 */
abstract contract ERC1967Upgrade is IERC1967 {
    // This is the keccak-256 hash of "eip1967.proxy.rollback" subtracted by 1
    bytes32 private constant _ROLLBACK_SLOT = 0x4910fdfa16fed3260ed0e7147f7cc6da11a60208b5b9406d12a635614ffd9143;
    /**
     * @dev Storage slot with the address of the current implementation.
     * This is the keccak-256 hash of "eip1967.proxy.implementation" subtracted by 1, and is
     * validated in the constructor.
     */
    bytes32 internal constant _IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT = 0x360894a13ba1a3210667c828492db98dca3e2076cc3735a920a3ca505d382bbc;
    //bytes32(uint256(keccak256('eip1967.proxy.owner')) - 1)
    bytes32 internal constant _OWNER_SLOT = 0xa7b53796fd2d99cb1f5ae019b54f9e024446c3d12b483f733ccc62ed04eb126a;
    function _setOwner(address _owner) internal {
        StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_OWNER_SLOT).value = _owner;
    }
    function _getOwner() internal view returns (address) {
        return StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_OWNER_SLOT).value;
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the current implementation address.
     */
    function _getImplementation() internal view returns (address) {
        return StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value;
    }
    /**
     * @dev Stores a new address in the EIP1967 implementation slot.
     */
    function _setImplementation(address newImplementation) private {
        require(Address.isContract(newImplementation), "ERC1967: new implementation is not a contract");
        StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value = newImplementation;
    }
    /**
     * @dev Perform implementation upgrade
     *
     * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
     */
    function _upgradeTo(address newImplementation) internal {
        _setImplementation(newImplementation);
        emit Upgraded(newImplementation);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Perform implementation upgrade with additional setup call.
     *
     * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
     */
    function _upgradeToAndCall(address newImplementation, bytes memory data, bool forceCall) internal {
        _upgradeTo(newImplementation);
        if (data.length > 0 || forceCall) {
            Address.functionDelegateCall(newImplementation, data);
        }
    }
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (interfaces/IERC1967.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.17;
/**
 * @dev ERC-1967: Proxy Storage Slots. This interface contains the events defined in the ERC.
 *
 * _Available since v4.8.3._
 */
interface IERC1967 {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the implementation is upgraded.
     */
    event Upgraded(address indexed implementation);
}// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.6.0) (proxy/Proxy.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.17;
/**
 * @dev This abstract contract provides a fallback function that delegates all calls to another contract using the EVM
 * instruction `delegatecall`. We refer to the second contract as the _implementation_ behind the proxy, and it has to
 * be specified by overriding the virtual {_implementation} function.
 *
 * Additionally, delegation to the implementation can be triggered manually through the {_fallback} function, or to a
 * different contract through the {_delegate} function.
 *
 * The success and return data of the delegated call will be returned back to the caller of the proxy.
 */
abstract contract Proxy {
    /**
     * @dev Delegates the current call to `implementation`.
     *
     * This function does not return to its internal call site, it will return directly to the external caller.
     */
    function _delegate(address implementation) internal virtual {
        assembly {
            // Copy msg.data. We take full control of memory in this inline assembly
            // block because it will not return to Solidity code. We overwrite the
            // Solidity scratch pad at memory position 0.
            calldatacopy(0, 0, calldatasize())
            // Call the implementation.
            // out and outsize are 0 because we don't know the size yet.
            let result := delegatecall(gas(), implementation, 0, calldatasize(), 0, 0)
            // Copy the returned data.
            returndatacopy(0, 0, returndatasize())
            switch result
            // delegatecall returns 0 on error.
            case 0 {
                revert(0, returndatasize())
            }
            default {
                return(0, returndatasize())
            }
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev This is a virtual function that should be overridden so it returns the address to which the fallback function
     * and {_fallback} should delegate.
     */
    function _implementation() internal view virtual returns (address);
    /**
     * @dev Delegates the current call to the address returned by `_implementation()`.
     *
     * This function does not return to its internal call site, it will return directly to the external caller.
     */
    function _fallback() internal virtual {
        _beforeFallback();
        _delegate(_implementation());
    }
    /**
     * @dev Fallback function that delegates calls to the address returned by `_implementation()`. Will run if no other
     * function in the contract matches the call data.
     */
    fallback() external payable virtual {
        _fallback();
    }
    /**
     * @dev Fallback function that delegates calls to the address returned by `_implementation()`. Will run if call data
     * is empty.
     */
    receive() external payable virtual {
        _fallback();
    }
    /**
     * @dev Hook that is called before falling back to the implementation. Can happen as part of a manual `_fallback`
     * call, or as part of the Solidity `fallback` or `receive` functions.
     *
     * If overridden should call `super._beforeFallback()`.
     */
    function _beforeFallback() internal virtual {}
}

// Sources flattened with hardhat v2.22.2 https://hardhat.org

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

// File @openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/interfaces/[email protected]

// Original license: SPDX_License_Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.5.0) (interfaces/draft-IERC1822.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev ERC1822: Universal Upgradeable Proxy Standard (UUPS) documents a method for upgradeability through a simplified
 * proxy whose upgrades are fully controlled by the current implementation.
 */
interface IERC1822ProxiableUpgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the storage slot that the proxiable contract assumes is being used to store the implementation
     * address.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: A proxy pointing at a proxiable contract should not be considered proxiable itself, because this risks
     * bricking a proxy that upgrades to it, by delegating to itself until out of gas. Thus it is critical that this
     * function revert if invoked through a proxy.
     */
    function proxiableUUID() external view returns (bytes32);
}


// File @openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/interfaces/[email protected]

// Original license: SPDX_License_Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (interfaces/IERC1967.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev ERC-1967: Proxy Storage Slots. This interface contains the events defined in the ERC.
 *
 * _Available since v4.8.3._
 */
interface IERC1967Upgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the implementation is upgraded.
     */
    event Upgraded(address indexed implementation);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the admin account has changed.
     */
    event AdminChanged(address previousAdmin, address newAdmin);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the beacon is changed.
     */
    event BeaconUpgraded(address indexed beacon);
}


// File @openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/proxy/beacon/[email protected]

// Original license: SPDX_License_Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (proxy/beacon/IBeacon.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev This is the interface that {BeaconProxy} expects of its beacon.
 */
interface IBeaconUpgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Must return an address that can be used as a delegate call target.
     *
     * {BeaconProxy} will check that this address is a contract.
     */
    function implementation() external view returns (address);
}


// File @openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/utils/[email protected]

// Original license: SPDX_License_Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/Address.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.1;

/**
 * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
 */
library AddressUpgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract.
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this function returns
     * false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a contract.
     *
     * Among others, `isContract` will return false for the following
     * types of addresses:
     *
     *  - an externally-owned account
     *  - a contract in construction
     *  - an address where a contract will be created
     *  - an address where a contract lived, but was destroyed
     *
     * Furthermore, `isContract` will also return true if the target contract within
     * the same transaction is already scheduled for destruction by `SELFDESTRUCT`,
     * which only has an effect at the end of a transaction.
     * ====
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * You shouldn't rely on `isContract` to protect against flash loan attacks!
     *
     * Preventing calls from contracts is highly discouraged. It breaks composability, breaks support for smart wallets
     * like Gnosis Safe, and does not provide security since it can be circumvented by calling from a contract
     * constructor.
     * ====
     */
    function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) {
        // This method relies on extcodesize/address.code.length, which returns 0
        // for contracts in construction, since the code is only stored at the end
        // of the constructor execution.

        return account.code.length > 0;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
     * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
     *
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
     * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
     * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
     * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
     *
     * https://consensys.net/diligence/blog/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
     *
     * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
     * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
     * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
     * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.8.0/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
     */
    function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
        require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Address: insufficient balance");

        (bool success, ) = recipient.call{value: amount}("");
        require(success, "Address: unable to send value, recipient may have reverted");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A
     * plain `call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this
     * function instead.
     *
     * If `target` reverts with a revert reason, it is bubbled up by this
     * function (like regular Solidity function calls).
     *
     * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value,
     * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`].
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `target` must be a contract.
     * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, "Address: low-level call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], but with
     * `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`.
     * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(address target, bytes memory data, uint256 value) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, "Address: low-level call with value failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCallWithValue-address-bytes-uint256-}[`functionCallWithValue`], but
     * with `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        uint256 value,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        require(address(this).balance >= value, "Address: insufficient balance for call");
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{value: value}(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionStaticCall(target, data, "Address: low-level static call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionDelegateCall(target, data, "Address: low-level delegate call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.delegatecall(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call to smart-contract was successful, and revert (either by bubbling
     * the revert reason or using the provided one) in case of unsuccessful call or if target was not a contract.
     *
     * _Available since v4.8._
     */
    function verifyCallResultFromTarget(
        address target,
        bool success,
        bytes memory returndata,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        if (success) {
            if (returndata.length == 0) {
                // only check isContract if the call was successful and the return data is empty
                // otherwise we already know that it was a contract
                require(isContract(target), "Address: call to non-contract");
            }
            return returndata;
        } else {
            _revert(returndata, errorMessage);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call was successful, and revert if it wasn't, either by bubbling the
     * revert reason or using the provided one.
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function verifyCallResult(
        bool success,
        bytes memory returndata,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
        if (success) {
            return returndata;
        } else {
            _revert(returndata, errorMessage);
        }
    }

    function _revert(bytes memory returndata, string memory errorMessage) private pure {
        // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present
        if (returndata.length > 0) {
            // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
                revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
            }
        } else {
            revert(errorMessage);
        }
    }
}


// File @openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/proxy/utils/[email protected]

// Original license: SPDX_License_Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (proxy/utils/Initializable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.2;

/**
 * @dev This is a base contract to aid in writing upgradeable contracts, or any kind of contract that will be deployed
 * behind a proxy. Since proxied contracts do not make use of a constructor, it's common to move constructor logic to an
 * external initializer function, usually called `initialize`. It then becomes necessary to protect this initializer
 * function so it can only be called once. The {initializer} modifier provided by this contract will have this effect.
 *
 * The initialization functions use a version number. Once a version number is used, it is consumed and cannot be
 * reused. This mechanism prevents re-execution of each "step" but allows the creation of new initialization steps in
 * case an upgrade adds a module that needs to be initialized.
 *
 * For example:
 *
 * [.hljs-theme-light.nopadding]
 * ```solidity
 * contract MyToken is ERC20Upgradeable {
 *     function initialize() initializer public {
 *         __ERC20_init("MyToken", "MTK");
 *     }
 * }
 *
 * contract MyTokenV2 is MyToken, ERC20PermitUpgradeable {
 *     function initializeV2() reinitializer(2) public {
 *         __ERC20Permit_init("MyToken");
 *     }
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * TIP: To avoid leaving the proxy in an uninitialized state, the initializer function should be called as early as
 * possible by providing the encoded function call as the `_data` argument to {ERC1967Proxy-constructor}.
 *
 * CAUTION: When used with inheritance, manual care must be taken to not invoke a parent initializer twice, or to ensure
 * that all initializers are idempotent. This is not verified automatically as constructors are by Solidity.
 *
 * [CAUTION]
 * ====
 * Avoid leaving a contract uninitialized.
 *
 * An uninitialized contract can be taken over by an attacker. This applies to both a proxy and its implementation
 * contract, which may impact the proxy. To prevent the implementation contract from being used, you should invoke
 * the {_disableInitializers} function in the constructor to automatically lock it when it is deployed:
 *
 * [.hljs-theme-light.nopadding]
 * ```
 * /// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow constructor
 * constructor() {
 *     _disableInitializers();
 * }
 * ```
 * ====
 */
abstract contract Initializable {
    /**
     * @dev Indicates that the contract has been initialized.
     * @custom:oz-retyped-from bool
     */
    uint8 private _initialized;

    /**
     * @dev Indicates that the contract is in the process of being initialized.
     */
    bool private _initializing;

    /**
     * @dev Triggered when the contract has been initialized or reinitialized.
     */
    event Initialized(uint8 version);

    /**
     * @dev A modifier that defines a protected initializer function that can be invoked at most once. In its scope,
     * `onlyInitializing` functions can be used to initialize parent contracts.
     *
     * Similar to `reinitializer(1)`, except that functions marked with `initializer` can be nested in the context of a
     * constructor.
     *
     * Emits an {Initialized} event.
     */
    modifier initializer() {
        bool isTopLevelCall = !_initializing;
        require(
            (isTopLevelCall && _initialized < 1) || (!AddressUpgradeable.isContract(address(this)) && _initialized == 1),
            "Initializable: contract is already initialized"
        );
        _initialized = 1;
        if (isTopLevelCall) {
            _initializing = true;
        }
        _;
        if (isTopLevelCall) {
            _initializing = false;
            emit Initialized(1);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev A modifier that defines a protected reinitializer function that can be invoked at most once, and only if the
     * contract hasn't been initialized to a greater version before. In its scope, `onlyInitializing` functions can be
     * used to initialize parent contracts.
     *
     * A reinitializer may be used after the original initialization step. This is essential to configure modules that
     * are added through upgrades and that require initialization.
     *
     * When `version` is 1, this modifier is similar to `initializer`, except that functions marked with `reinitializer`
     * cannot be nested. If one is invoked in the context of another, execution will revert.
     *
     * Note that versions can jump in increments greater than 1; this implies that if multiple reinitializers coexist in
     * a contract, executing them in the right order is up to the developer or operator.
     *
     * WARNING: setting the version to 255 will prevent any future reinitialization.
     *
     * Emits an {Initialized} event.
     */
    modifier reinitializer(uint8 version) {
        require(!_initializing && _initialized < version, "Initializable: contract is already initialized");
        _initialized = version;
        _initializing = true;
        _;
        _initializing = false;
        emit Initialized(version);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Modifier to protect an initialization function so that it can only be invoked by functions with the
     * {initializer} and {reinitializer} modifiers, directly or indirectly.
     */
    modifier onlyInitializing() {
        require(_initializing, "Initializable: contract is not initializing");
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Locks the contract, preventing any future reinitialization. This cannot be part of an initializer call.
     * Calling this in the constructor of a contract will prevent that contract from being initialized or reinitialized
     * to any version. It is recommended to use this to lock implementation contracts that are designed to be called
     * through proxies.
     *
     * Emits an {Initialized} event the first time it is successfully executed.
     */
    function _disableInitializers() internal virtual {
        require(!_initializing, "Initializable: contract is initializing");
        if (_initialized != type(uint8).max) {
            _initialized = type(uint8).max;
            emit Initialized(type(uint8).max);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the highest version that has been initialized. See {reinitializer}.
     */
    function _getInitializedVersion() internal view returns (uint8) {
        return _initialized;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns `true` if the contract is currently initializing. See {onlyInitializing}.
     */
    function _isInitializing() internal view returns (bool) {
        return _initializing;
    }
}


// File @openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/utils/[email protected]

// Original license: SPDX_License_Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/StorageSlot.sol)
// This file was procedurally generated from scripts/generate/templates/StorageSlot.js.

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Library for reading and writing primitive types to specific storage slots.
 *
 * Storage slots are often used to avoid storage conflict when dealing with upgradeable contracts.
 * This library helps with reading and writing to such slots without the need for inline assembly.
 *
 * The functions in this library return Slot structs that contain a `value` member that can be used to read or write.
 *
 * Example usage to set ERC1967 implementation slot:
 * ```solidity
 * contract ERC1967 {
 *     bytes32 internal constant _IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT = 0x360894a13ba1a3210667c828492db98dca3e2076cc3735a920a3ca505d382bbc;
 *
 *     function _getImplementation() internal view returns (address) {
 *         return StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value;
 *     }
 *
 *     function _setImplementation(address newImplementation) internal {
 *         require(Address.isContract(newImplementation), "ERC1967: new implementation is not a contract");
 *         StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value = newImplementation;
 *     }
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * _Available since v4.1 for `address`, `bool`, `bytes32`, `uint256`._
 * _Available since v4.9 for `string`, `bytes`._
 */
library StorageSlotUpgradeable {
    struct AddressSlot {
        address value;
    }

    struct BooleanSlot {
        bool value;
    }

    struct Bytes32Slot {
        bytes32 value;
    }

    struct Uint256Slot {
        uint256 value;
    }

    struct StringSlot {
        string value;
    }

    struct BytesSlot {
        bytes value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `AddressSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getAddressSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (AddressSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `BooleanSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getBooleanSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (BooleanSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `Bytes32Slot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getBytes32Slot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (Bytes32Slot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `Uint256Slot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getUint256Slot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (Uint256Slot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `StringSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getStringSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (StringSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `StringSlot` representation of the string storage pointer `store`.
     */
    function getStringSlot(string storage store) internal pure returns (StringSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := store.slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `BytesSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getBytesSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (BytesSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `BytesSlot` representation of the bytes storage pointer `store`.
     */
    function getBytesSlot(bytes storage store) internal pure returns (BytesSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := store.slot
        }
    }
}


// File @openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/proxy/ERC1967/[email protected]

// Original license: SPDX_License_Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (proxy/ERC1967/ERC1967Upgrade.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.2;






/**
 * @dev This abstract contract provides getters and event emitting update functions for
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1967[EIP1967] slots.
 *
 * _Available since v4.1._
 */
abstract contract ERC1967UpgradeUpgradeable is Initializable, IERC1967Upgradeable {
    // This is the keccak-256 hash of "eip1967.proxy.rollback" subtracted by 1
    bytes32 private constant _ROLLBACK_SLOT = 0x4910fdfa16fed3260ed0e7147f7cc6da11a60208b5b9406d12a635614ffd9143;

    /**
     * @dev Storage slot with the address of the current implementation.
     * This is the keccak-256 hash of "eip1967.proxy.implementation" subtracted by 1, and is
     * validated in the constructor.
     */
    bytes32 internal constant _IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT = 0x360894a13ba1a3210667c828492db98dca3e2076cc3735a920a3ca505d382bbc;

    function __ERC1967Upgrade_init() internal onlyInitializing {
    }

    function __ERC1967Upgrade_init_unchained() internal onlyInitializing {
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the current implementation address.
     */
    function _getImplementation() internal view returns (address) {
        return StorageSlotUpgradeable.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Stores a new address in the EIP1967 implementation slot.
     */
    function _setImplementation(address newImplementation) private {
        require(AddressUpgradeable.isContract(newImplementation), "ERC1967: new implementation is not a contract");
        StorageSlotUpgradeable.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value = newImplementation;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Perform implementation upgrade
     *
     * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
     */
    function _upgradeTo(address newImplementation) internal {
        _setImplementation(newImplementation);
        emit Upgraded(newImplementation);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Perform implementation upgrade with additional setup call.
     *
     * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
     */
    function _upgradeToAndCall(address newImplementation, bytes memory data, bool forceCall) internal {
        _upgradeTo(newImplementation);
        if (data.length > 0 || forceCall) {
            AddressUpgradeable.functionDelegateCall(newImplementation, data);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Perform implementation upgrade with security checks for UUPS proxies, and additional setup call.
     *
     * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
     */
    function _upgradeToAndCallUUPS(address newImplementation, bytes memory data, bool forceCall) internal {
        // Upgrades from old implementations will perform a rollback test. This test requires the new
        // implementation to upgrade back to the old, non-ERC1822 compliant, implementation. Removing
        // this special case will break upgrade paths from old UUPS implementation to new ones.
        if (StorageSlotUpgradeable.getBooleanSlot(_ROLLBACK_SLOT).value) {
            _setImplementation(newImplementation);
        } else {
            try IERC1822ProxiableUpgradeable(newImplementation).proxiableUUID() returns (bytes32 slot) {
                require(slot == _IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT, "ERC1967Upgrade: unsupported proxiableUUID");
            } catch {
                revert("ERC1967Upgrade: new implementation is not UUPS");
            }
            _upgradeToAndCall(newImplementation, data, forceCall);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Storage slot with the admin of the contract.
     * This is the keccak-256 hash of "eip1967.proxy.admin" subtracted by 1, and is
     * validated in the constructor.
     */
    bytes32 internal constant _ADMIN_SLOT = 0xb53127684a568b3173ae13b9f8a6016e243e63b6e8ee1178d6a717850b5d6103;

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current admin.
     */
    function _getAdmin() internal view returns (address) {
        return StorageSlotUpgradeable.getAddressSlot(_ADMIN_SLOT).value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Stores a new address in the EIP1967 admin slot.
     */
    function _setAdmin(address newAdmin) private {
        require(newAdmin != address(0), "ERC1967: new admin is the zero address");
        StorageSlotUpgradeable.getAddressSlot(_ADMIN_SLOT).value = newAdmin;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Changes the admin of the proxy.
     *
     * Emits an {AdminChanged} event.
     */
    function _changeAdmin(address newAdmin) internal {
        emit AdminChanged(_getAdmin(), newAdmin);
        _setAdmin(newAdmin);
    }

    /**
     * @dev The storage slot of the UpgradeableBeacon contract which defines the implementation for this proxy.
     * This is bytes32(uint256(keccak256('eip1967.proxy.beacon')) - 1)) and is validated in the constructor.
     */
    bytes32 internal constant _BEACON_SLOT = 0xa3f0ad74e5423aebfd80d3ef4346578335a9a72aeaee59ff6cb3582b35133d50;

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current beacon.
     */
    function _getBeacon() internal view returns (address) {
        return StorageSlotUpgradeable.getAddressSlot(_BEACON_SLOT).value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Stores a new beacon in the EIP1967 beacon slot.
     */
    function _setBeacon(address newBeacon) private {
        require(AddressUpgradeable.isContract(newBeacon), "ERC1967: new beacon is not a contract");
        require(
            AddressUpgradeable.isContract(IBeaconUpgradeable(newBeacon).implementation()),
            "ERC1967: beacon implementation is not a contract"
        );
        StorageSlotUpgradeable.getAddressSlot(_BEACON_SLOT).value = newBeacon;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Perform beacon upgrade with additional setup call. Note: This upgrades the address of the beacon, it does
     * not upgrade the implementation contained in the beacon (see {UpgradeableBeacon-_setImplementation} for that).
     *
     * Emits a {BeaconUpgraded} event.
     */
    function _upgradeBeaconToAndCall(address newBeacon, bytes memory data, bool forceCall) internal {
        _setBeacon(newBeacon);
        emit BeaconUpgraded(newBeacon);
        if (data.length > 0 || forceCall) {
            AddressUpgradeable.functionDelegateCall(IBeaconUpgradeable(newBeacon).implementation(), data);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev This empty reserved space is put in place to allow future versions to add new
     * variables without shifting down storage in the inheritance chain.
     * See https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/upgradeable#storage_gaps
     */
    uint256[50] private __gap;
}


// File @openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/proxy/utils/[email protected]

// Original license: SPDX_License_Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (proxy/utils/UUPSUpgradeable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;



/**
 * @dev An upgradeability mechanism designed for UUPS proxies. The functions included here can perform an upgrade of an
 * {ERC1967Proxy}, when this contract is set as the implementation behind such a proxy.
 *
 * A security mechanism ensures that an upgrade does not turn off upgradeability accidentally, although this risk is
 * reinstated if the upgrade retains upgradeability but removes the security mechanism, e.g. by replacing
 * `UUPSUpgradeable` with a custom implementation of upgrades.
 *
 * The {_authorizeUpgrade} function must be overridden to include access restriction to the upgrade mechanism.
 *
 * _Available since v4.1._
 */
abstract contract UUPSUpgradeable is Initializable, IERC1822ProxiableUpgradeable, ERC1967UpgradeUpgradeable {
    /// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow state-variable-immutable state-variable-assignment
    address private immutable __self = address(this);

    /**
     * @dev Check that the execution is being performed through a delegatecall call and that the execution context is
     * a proxy contract with an implementation (as defined in ERC1967) pointing to self. This should only be the case
     * for UUPS and transparent proxies that are using the current contract as their implementation. Execution of a
     * function through ERC1167 minimal proxies (clones) would not normally pass this test, but is not guaranteed to
     * fail.
     */
    modifier onlyProxy() {
        require(address(this) != __self, "Function must be called through delegatecall");
        require(_getImplementation() == __self, "Function must be called through active proxy");
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Check that the execution is not being performed through a delegate call. This allows a function to be
     * callable on the implementing contract but not through proxies.
     */
    modifier notDelegated() {
        require(address(this) == __self, "UUPSUpgradeable: must not be called through delegatecall");
        _;
    }

    function __UUPSUpgradeable_init() internal onlyInitializing {
    }

    function __UUPSUpgradeable_init_unchained() internal onlyInitializing {
    }
    /**
     * @dev Implementation of the ERC1822 {proxiableUUID} function. This returns the storage slot used by the
     * implementation. It is used to validate the implementation's compatibility when performing an upgrade.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: A proxy pointing at a proxiable contract should not be considered proxiable itself, because this risks
     * bricking a proxy that upgrades to it, by delegating to itself until out of gas. Thus it is critical that this
     * function revert if invoked through a proxy. This is guaranteed by the `notDelegated` modifier.
     */
    function proxiableUUID() external view virtual override notDelegated returns (bytes32) {
        return _IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Upgrade the implementation of the proxy to `newImplementation`.
     *
     * Calls {_authorizeUpgrade}.
     *
     * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
     *
     * @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow-reachable delegatecall
     */
    function upgradeTo(address newImplementation) public virtual onlyProxy {
        _authorizeUpgrade(newImplementation);
        _upgradeToAndCallUUPS(newImplementation, new bytes(0), false);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Upgrade the implementation of the proxy to `newImplementation`, and subsequently execute the function call
     * encoded in `data`.
     *
     * Calls {_authorizeUpgrade}.
     *
     * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
     *
     * @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow-reachable delegatecall
     */
    function upgradeToAndCall(address newImplementation, bytes memory data) public payable virtual onlyProxy {
        _authorizeUpgrade(newImplementation);
        _upgradeToAndCallUUPS(newImplementation, data, true);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Function that should revert when `msg.sender` is not authorized to upgrade the contract. Called by
     * {upgradeTo} and {upgradeToAndCall}.
     *
     * Normally, this function will use an xref:access.adoc[access control] modifier such as {Ownable-onlyOwner}.
     *
     * ```solidity
     * function _authorizeUpgrade(address) internal override onlyOwner {}
     * ```
     */
    function _authorizeUpgrade(address newImplementation) internal virtual;

    /**
     * @dev This empty reserved space is put in place to allow future versions to add new
     * variables without shifting down storage in the inheritance chain.
     * See https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/upgradeable#storage_gaps
     */
    uint256[50] private __gap;
}


// File @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/math/[email protected]

// Original license: SPDX_License_Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/math/Math.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Standard math utilities missing in the Solidity language.
 */
library Math {
    enum Rounding {
        Down, // Toward negative infinity
        Up, // Toward infinity
        Zero // Toward zero
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the largest of two numbers.
     */
    function max(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a > b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the smallest of two numbers.
     */
    function min(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a < b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the average of two numbers. The result is rounded towards
     * zero.
     */
    function average(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // (a + b) / 2 can overflow.
        return (a & b) + (a ^ b) / 2;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the ceiling of the division of two numbers.
     *
     * This differs from standard division with `/` in that it rounds up instead
     * of rounding down.
     */
    function ceilDiv(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // (a + b - 1) / b can overflow on addition, so we distribute.
        return a == 0 ? 0 : (a - 1) / b + 1;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates floor(x * y / denominator) with full precision. Throws if result overflows a uint256 or denominator == 0
     * @dev Original credit to Remco Bloemen under MIT license (https://xn--2-umb.com/21/muldiv)
     * with further edits by Uniswap Labs also under MIT license.
     */
    function mulDiv(uint256 x, uint256 y, uint256 denominator) internal pure returns (uint256 result) {
        unchecked {
            // 512-bit multiply [prod1 prod0] = x * y. Compute the product mod 2^256 and mod 2^256 - 1, then use
            // use the Chinese Remainder Theorem to reconstruct the 512 bit result. The result is stored in two 256
            // variables such that product = prod1 * 2^256 + prod0.
            uint256 prod0; // Least significant 256 bits of the product
            uint256 prod1; // Most significant 256 bits of the product
            assembly {
                let mm := mulmod(x, y, not(0))
                prod0 := mul(x, y)
                prod1 := sub(sub(mm, prod0), lt(mm, prod0))
            }

            // Handle non-overflow cases, 256 by 256 division.
            if (prod1 == 0) {
                // Solidity will revert if denominator == 0, unlike the div opcode on its own.
                // The surrounding unchecked block does not change this fact.
                // See https://docs.soliditylang.org/en/latest/control-structures.html#checked-or-unchecked-arithmetic.
                return prod0 / denominator;
            }

            // Make sure the result is less than 2^256. Also prevents denominator == 0.
            require(denominator > prod1, "Math: mulDiv overflow");

            ///////////////////////////////////////////////
            // 512 by 256 division.
            ///////////////////////////////////////////////

            // Make division exact by subtracting the remainder from [prod1 prod0].
            uint256 remainder;
            assembly {
                // Compute remainder using mulmod.
                remainder := mulmod(x, y, denominator)

                // Subtract 256 bit number from 512 bit number.
                prod1 := sub(prod1, gt(remainder, prod0))
                prod0 := sub(prod0, remainder)
            }

            // Factor powers of two out of denominator and compute largest power of two divisor of denominator. Always >= 1.
            // See https://cs.stackexchange.com/q/138556/92363.

            // Does not overflow because the denominator cannot be zero at this stage in the function.
            uint256 twos = denominator & (~denominator + 1);
            assembly {
                // Divide denominator by twos.
                denominator := div(denominator, twos)

                // Divide [prod1 prod0] by twos.
                prod0 := div(prod0, twos)

                // Flip twos such that it is 2^256 / twos. If twos is zero, then it becomes one.
                twos := add(div(sub(0, twos), twos), 1)
            }

            // Shift in bits from prod1 into prod0.
            prod0 |= prod1 * twos;

            // Invert denominator mod 2^256. Now that denominator is an odd number, it has an inverse modulo 2^256 such
            // that denominator * inv = 1 mod 2^256. Compute the inverse by starting with a seed that is correct for
            // four bits. That is, denominator * inv = 1 mod 2^4.
            uint256 inverse = (3 * denominator) ^ 2;

            // Use the Newton-Raphson iteration to improve the precision. Thanks to Hensel's lifting lemma, this also works
            // in modular arithmetic, doubling the correct bits in each step.
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^8
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^16
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^32
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^64
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^128
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^256

            // Because the division is now exact we can divide by multiplying with the modular inverse of denominator.
            // This will give us the correct result modulo 2^256. Since the preconditions guarantee that the outcome is
            // less than 2^256, this is the final result. We don't need to compute the high bits of the result and prod1
            // is no longer required.
            result = prod0 * inverse;
            return result;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates x * y / denominator with full precision, following the selected rounding direction.
     */
    function mulDiv(uint256 x, uint256 y, uint256 denominator, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = mulDiv(x, y, denominator);
        if (rounding == Rounding.Up && mulmod(x, y, denominator) > 0) {
            result += 1;
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the square root of a number. If the number is not a perfect square, the value is rounded down.
     *
     * Inspired by Henry S. Warren, Jr.'s "Hacker's Delight" (Chapter 11).
     */
    function sqrt(uint256 a) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        if (a == 0) {
            return 0;
        }

        // For our first guess, we get the biggest power of 2 which is smaller than the square root of the target.
        //
        // We know that the "msb" (most significant bit) of our target number `a` is a power of 2 such that we have
        // `msb(a) <= a < 2*msb(a)`. This value can be written `msb(a)=2**k` with `k=log2(a)`.
        //
        // This can be rewritten `2**log2(a) <= a < 2**(log2(a) + 1)`
        // → `sqrt(2**k) <= sqrt(a) < sqrt(2**(k+1))`
        // → `2**(k/2) <= sqrt(a) < 2**((k+1)/2) <= 2**(k/2 + 1)`
        //
        // Consequently, `2**(log2(a) / 2)` is a good first approximation of `sqrt(a)` with at least 1 correct bit.
        uint256 result = 1 << (log2(a) >> 1);

        // At this point `result` is an estimation with one bit of precision. We know the true value is a uint128,
        // since it is the square root of a uint256. Newton's method converges quadratically (precision doubles at
        // every iteration). We thus need at most 7 iteration to turn our partial result with one bit of precision
        // into the expected uint128 result.
        unchecked {
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            return min(result, a / result);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates sqrt(a), following the selected rounding direction.
     */
    function sqrt(uint256 a, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = sqrt(a);
            return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && result * result < a ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 2, rounded down, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log2(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >> 128 > 0) {
                value >>= 128;
                result += 128;
            }
            if (value >> 64 > 0) {
                value >>= 64;
                result += 64;
            }
            if (value >> 32 > 0) {
                value >>= 32;
                result += 32;
            }
            if (value >> 16 > 0) {
                value >>= 16;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >> 8 > 0) {
                value >>= 8;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >> 4 > 0) {
                value >>= 4;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >> 2 > 0) {
                value >>= 2;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >> 1 > 0) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 2, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log2(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log2(value);
            return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && 1 << result < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 10, rounded down, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log10(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >= 10 ** 64) {
                value /= 10 ** 64;
                result += 64;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 32) {
                value /= 10 ** 32;
                result += 32;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 16) {
                value /= 10 ** 16;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 8) {
                value /= 10 ** 8;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 4) {
                value /= 10 ** 4;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 2) {
                value /= 10 ** 2;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 1) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 10, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log10(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log10(value);
            return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && 10 ** result < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 256, rounded down, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     *
     * Adding one to the result gives the number of pairs of hex symbols needed to represent `value` as a hex string.
     */
    function log256(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >> 128 > 0) {
                value >>= 128;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >> 64 > 0) {
                value >>= 64;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >> 32 > 0) {
                value >>= 32;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >> 16 > 0) {
                value >>= 16;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >> 8 > 0) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 256, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log256(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log256(value);
            return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && 1 << (result << 3) < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }
}


// File @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/math/[email protected]

// Original license: SPDX_License_Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.8.0) (utils/math/SignedMath.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Standard signed math utilities missing in the Solidity language.
 */
library SignedMath {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the largest of two signed numbers.
     */
    function max(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {
        return a > b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the smallest of two signed numbers.
     */
    function min(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {
        return a < b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the average of two signed numbers without overflow.
     * The result is rounded towards zero.
     */
    function average(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {
        // Formula from the book "Hacker's Delight"
        int256 x = (a & b) + ((a ^ b) >> 1);
        return x + (int256(uint256(x) >> 255) & (a ^ b));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the absolute unsigned value of a signed value.
     */
    function abs(int256 n) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            // must be unchecked in order to support `n = type(int256).min`
            return uint256(n >= 0 ? n : -n);
        }
    }
}


// File @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/[email protected]

// Original license: SPDX_License_Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/Strings.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;


/**
 * @dev String operations.
 */
library Strings {
    bytes16 private constant _SYMBOLS = "0123456789abcdef";
    uint8 private constant _ADDRESS_LENGTH = 20;

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.
     */
    function toString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 length = Math.log10(value) + 1;
            string memory buffer = new string(length);
            uint256 ptr;
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                ptr := add(buffer, add(32, length))
            }
            while (true) {
                ptr--;
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    mstore8(ptr, byte(mod(value, 10), _SYMBOLS))
                }
                value /= 10;
                if (value == 0) break;
            }
            return buffer;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `int256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.
     */
    function toString(int256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        return string(abi.encodePacked(value < 0 ? "-" : "", toString(SignedMath.abs(value))));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        unchecked {
            return toHexString(value, Math.log256(value) + 1);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation with fixed length.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value, uint256 length) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        bytes memory buffer = new bytes(2 * length + 2);
        buffer[0] = "0";
        buffer[1] = "x";
        for (uint256 i = 2 * length + 1; i > 1; --i) {
            buffer[i] = _SYMBOLS[value & 0xf];
            value >>= 4;
        }
        require(value == 0, "Strings: hex length insufficient");
        return string(buffer);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts an `address` with fixed length of 20 bytes to its not checksummed ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.
     */
    function toHexString(address addr) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        return toHexString(uint256(uint160(addr)), _ADDRESS_LENGTH);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the two strings are equal.
     */
    function equal(string memory a, string memory b) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return keccak256(bytes(a)) == keccak256(bytes(b));
    }
}


// File contracts/pass/dn404/DN404.sol

// Original license: SPDX_License_Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.17;

/// @title DN404
/// @notice DN404 is a hybrid ERC20 and ERC721 implementation that mints
/// and burns NFTs based on an account's ERC20 token balance.
///
/// @author vectorized.eth (@optimizoor)
/// @author Quit (@0xQuit)
/// @author Michael Amadi (@AmadiMichaels)
/// @author cygaar (@0xCygaar)
/// @author Thomas (@0xjustadev)
/// @author Harrison (@PopPunkOnChain)
///
/// @dev Note:
/// - The ERC721 data is stored in this base DN404 contract, however a
///   DN404Mirror contract ***MUST*** be deployed and linked during
///   initialization.
abstract contract DN404 is Initializable {
    /*«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-*/
    /*                           EVENTS                           */
    /*-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»*/

    /// @dev Emitted when `amount` tokens is transferred from `from` to `to`.
    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 amount);

    /// @dev Emitted when `amount` tokens is approved by `owner` to be used by `spender`.
    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 amount);

    /// @dev Emitted when `owner` sets their skipNFT flag to `status`.
    event SkipNFTSet(address indexed owner, bool status);

    /// @dev `keccak256(bytes("Transfer(address,address,uint256)"))`.
    uint256 private constant _TRANSFER_EVENT_SIGNATURE =
        0xddf252ad1be2c89b69c2b068fc378daa952ba7f163c4a11628f55a4df523b3ef;

    /// @dev `keccak256(bytes("Approval(address,address,uint256)"))`.
    uint256 private constant _APPROVAL_EVENT_SIGNATURE =
        0x8c5be1e5ebec7d5bd14f71427d1e84f3dd0314c0f7b2291e5b200ac8c7c3b925;

    /// @dev `keccak256(bytes("SkipNFTSet(address,bool)"))`.
    uint256 private constant _SKIP_NFT_SET_EVENT_SIGNATURE =
        0xb5a1de456fff688115a4f75380060c23c8532d14ff85f687cc871456d6420393;

    /*«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-*/
    /*                        CUSTOM ERRORS                       */
    /*-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»*/

    /// @dev Thrown when attempting to double-initialize the contract.
    error DNAlreadyInitialized();

    /// @dev The function can only be called after the contract has been initialized.
    error DNNotInitialized();

    /// @dev Thrown when attempting to transfer or burn more tokens than sender's balance.
    error InsufficientBalance();

    /// @dev Thrown when a spender attempts to transfer tokens with an insufficient allowance.
    error InsufficientAllowance();

    /// @dev Thrown when minting an amount of tokens that would overflow the max tokens.
    error TotalSupplyOverflow();

    /// @dev The unit must be greater than zero and less than `2**96`.
    error InvalidUnit();

    /// @dev Thrown when the caller for a fallback NFT function is not the mirror contract.
    error SenderNotMirror();

    /// @dev Thrown when attempting to transfer tokens to the zero address.
    error TransferToZeroAddress();

    /// @dev Thrown when the mirror address provided for initialization is the zero address.
    error MirrorAddressIsZero();

    /// @dev Thrown when the link call to the mirror contract reverts.
    error LinkMirrorContractFailed();

    /// @dev Thrown when setting an NFT token approval
    /// and the caller is not the owner or an approved operator.
    error ApprovalCallerNotOwnerNorApproved();

    /// @dev Thrown when transferring an NFT
    /// and the caller is not the owner or an approved operator.
    error TransferCallerNotOwnerNorApproved();

    /// @dev Thrown when transferring an NFT and the from address is not the current owner.
    error TransferFromIncorrectOwner();

    /// @dev Thrown when checking the owner or approved address for a non-existent NFT.
    error TokenDoesNotExist();

    /// @dev The function selector is not recognized.
    error FnSelectorNotRecognized();

    /// @dev Thrown when the program is paused
    error Paused();

    /*«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-*/
    /*                         CONSTANTS                          */
    /*-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»*/

    /// @dev The flag to denote that the address data is initialized.
    uint8 internal constant _ADDRESS_DATA_INITIALIZED_FLAG = 1 << 0;

    /// @dev The flag to denote that the address should skip NFTs.
    uint8 internal constant _ADDRESS_DATA_SKIP_NFT_FLAG = 1 << 1;

    /// @dev The flag to denote that the address has overridden the default Permit2 allowance.
    uint8 internal constant _ADDRESS_DATA_OVERRIDE_PERMIT2_FLAG = 1 << 2;

    /// @dev The canonical Permit2 address.
    /// For signature-based allowance granting for single transaction ERC20 `transferFrom`.
    /// To enable, override `_givePermit2DefaultInfiniteAllowance()`.
    /// [Github](https://github.com/Uniswap/permit2)
    /// [Etherscan](https://etherscan.io/address/0x000000000022D473030F116dDEE9F6B43aC78BA3)
    address internal constant _PERMIT2 = 0x000000000022D473030F116dDEE9F6B43aC78BA3;

    /*«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-*/
    /*                          STORAGE                           */
    /*-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»*/

    /// @dev Struct containing an address's token data and settings.
    struct AddressData {
        // Auxiliary data.
        uint88 aux;
        // Flags for `initialized` and `skipNFT`.
        uint8 flags;
        // The alias for the address. Zero means absence of an alias.
        uint32 addressAlias;
        // The number of NFT tokens.
        uint32 ownedLength;
        // The token balance in wei.
        uint96 balance;
    }

    /// @dev A uint32 map in storage.
    struct Uint32Map {
        uint256 spacer;
    }

    /// @dev A bitmap in storage.
    struct Bitmap {
        uint256 spacer;
    }

    /// @dev A struct to wrap a uint256 in storage.
    struct Uint256Ref {
        uint256 value;
    }

    /// @dev A mapping of an address pair to a Uint256Ref.
    struct AddressPairToUint256RefMap {
        uint256 spacer;
    }

    /// @dev Struct containing the base token contract storage.
    struct DN404Storage {
        // Current number of address aliases assigned.
        uint32 numAliases;
        // Next NFT ID to assign for a mint.
        uint32 nextTokenId;
        // The head of the burned pool.
        uint32 burnedPoolHead;
        // The tail of the burned pool.
        uint32 burnedPoolTail;
        // Total number of NFTs in existence.
        uint32 totalNFTSupply;
        // Total supply of tokens.
        uint96 totalSupply;
        // Address of the NFT mirror contract.
        address mirrorERC721;
        // Mapping of a user alias number to their address.
        mapping(uint32 => address) aliasToAddress;
        // Mapping of user operator approvals for NFTs.
        AddressPairToUint256RefMap operatorApprovals;
        // Mapping of NFT approvals to approved operators.
        mapping(uint256 => address) nftApprovals;
        // Bitmap of whether an non-zero NFT approval may exist.
        Bitmap mayHaveNFTApproval;
        // Bitmap of whether a NFT ID exists. Ignored if `_useExistsLookup()` returns false.
        Bitmap exists;
        // Mapping of user allowances for ERC20 spenders.
        AddressPairToUint256RefMap allowance;
        // Mapping of NFT IDs owned by an address.
        mapping(address => Uint32Map) owned;
        // The pool of burned NFT IDs.
        Uint32Map burnedPool;
        // Even indices: owner aliases. Odd indices: owned indices.
        Uint32Map oo;
        // Mapping of user account AddressData.
        mapping(address => AddressData) addressData;
    }

    /// @dev Returns a storage pointer for DN404Storage.
    function _getDN404Storage() internal pure virtual returns (DN404Storage storage $) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            // `uint72(bytes9(keccak256("DN404_STORAGE")))`.
            $.slot := 0xa20d6e21d0e5255308 // Truncate to 9 bytes to reduce bytecode size.
        }
    }

    /*«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-*/
    /*                         INITIALIZER                        */
    /*-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»*/

    /// @dev Initializes the DN404 contract with an
    /// `initialTokenSupply`, `initialTokenOwner` and `mirror` NFT contract address.
    function _initializeDN404(
        uint256 initialTokenSupply,
        address initialSupplyOwner,
        address mirror,
        address deployer
    ) internal onlyInitializing {
        DN404Storage storage $ = _getDN404Storage();

        unchecked {
            if (_unit() - 1 >= 2 ** 96 - 1) revert InvalidUnit();
        }
        if ($.mirrorERC721 != address(0)) revert DNAlreadyInitialized();
        if (mirror == address(0)) revert MirrorAddressIsZero();

        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            // Make the call to link the mirror contract.
            mstore(0x00, 0x0f4599e5) // `linkMirrorContract(address)`.
            mstore(0x20, deployer)
            if iszero(and(eq(mload(0x00), 1), call(gas(), mirror, 0, 0x1c, 0x24, 0x00, 0x20))) {
                mstore(0x00, 0xd125259c) // `LinkMirrorContractFailed()`.
                revert(0x1c, 0x04)
            }
        }

        $.nextTokenId = 1;
        $.mirrorERC721 = mirror;

        if (initialTokenSupply != 0) {
            if (initialSupplyOwner == address(0)) revert TransferToZeroAddress();
            if (_totalSupplyOverflows(initialTokenSupply)) revert TotalSupplyOverflow();

            $.totalSupply = uint96(initialTokenSupply);
            AddressData storage initialOwnerAddressData = _addressData(initialSupplyOwner);
            initialOwnerAddressData.balance = uint96(initialTokenSupply);

            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                // Emit the {Transfer} event.
                mstore(0x00, initialTokenSupply)
                log3(0x00, 0x20, _TRANSFER_EVENT_SIGNATURE, 0, shr(96, shl(96, initialSupplyOwner)))
            }

            _setSkipNFT(initialSupplyOwner, true);
        }
    }

    /*«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-*/
    /*               BASE UNIT FUNCTION TO OVERRIDE               */
    /*-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»*/

    /// @dev Amount of token balance that is equal to one NFT.
    function _unit() internal view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return 10 ** 18;
    }

    /*«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-*/
    /*               METADATA FUNCTIONS TO OVERRIDE               */
    /*-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»*/

    /// @dev Returns the name of the token.
    function name() public view virtual returns (string memory);

    /// @dev Returns the symbol of the token.
    function symbol() public view virtual returns (string memory);

    /// @dev Returns the Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) for token `id`.
    function _tokenURI(uint256 id) internal view virtual returns (string memory);

    /// @dev Returns the name of the token.
    function _isPaused() internal view virtual returns (bool);

    /*«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-*/
    /*                       CONFIGURABLES                        */
    /*-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»*/

    /// @dev Returns if direct NFT transfers should be used during ERC20 transfers
    /// whenever possible, instead of burning and re-minting.
    function _useDirectTransfersIfPossible() internal view virtual returns (bool) {
        return true;
    }

    /// @dev Returns if burns should be added to the burn pool.
    /// This returns false by default, which means the NFT IDs are re-minted in a cycle.
    function _addToBurnedPool(uint256 totalNFTSupplyAfterBurn, uint256 totalSupplyAfterBurn)
        internal
        view
        virtual
        returns (bool)
    {
        // Silence unused variable compiler warning.
        totalSupplyAfterBurn = totalNFTSupplyAfterBurn;
        return true;
    }

    /// @dev Returns whether to use the exists bitmap for more efficient
    /// scanning of an empty token ID slot.
    /// Recommended for collections that do not use the burn pool,
    /// and are expected to have nearly all possible NFTs materialized.
    ///
    /// Note: The returned value must be constant after initialization.
    function _useExistsLookup() internal view virtual returns (bool) {
        return true;
    }

    /// @dev Hook that is called after any NFT token transfers, including minting and burning.
    function _afterNFTTransfer(address from, address to, uint256 id) internal virtual {}

    /*«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-*/
    /*                      ERC20 OPERATIONS                      */
    /*-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»*/

    /// @dev Returns the decimals places of the token. Always 18.
    function decimals() public pure returns (uint8) {
        return 18;
    }

    /// @dev Returns the amount of tokens in existence.
    function totalSupply() public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return uint256(_getDN404Storage().totalSupply);
    }

    /// @dev Returns the amount of tokens owned by `owner`.
    function balanceOf(address owner) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _getDN404Storage().addressData[owner].balance;
    }

    /// @dev Returns the amount of tokens that `spender` can spend on behalf of `owner`.
    function allowance(address owner, address spender) public view returns (uint256) {
        if (_givePermit2DefaultInfiniteAllowance() && spender == _PERMIT2) {
            uint8 flags = _getDN404Storage().addressData[owner].flags;
            if (_isZero(flags & _ADDRESS_DATA_OVERRIDE_PERMIT2_FLAG)) return type(uint256).max;
        }
        return _ref(_getDN404Storage().allowance, owner, spender).value;
    }

    /// @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the caller's tokens.
    ///
    /// Emits a {Approval} event.
    function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) public virtual returns (bool) {
        _approve(msg.sender, spender, amount);
        return true;
    }

    /// @dev Transfer `amount` tokens from the caller to `to`.
    ///
    /// Will burn sender NFTs if balance after transfer is less than
    /// the amount required to support the current NFT balance.
    ///
    /// Will mint NFTs to `to` if the recipient's new balance supports
    /// additional NFTs ***AND*** the `to` address's skipNFT flag is
    /// set to false.
    ///
    /// Requirements:
    /// - `from` must at least have `amount`.
    ///
    /// Emits a {Transfer} event.
    function transfer(address to, uint256 amount) public virtual returns (bool) {
        if (_isPaused()) revert Paused();
        _transfer(msg.sender, to, amount);
        return true;
    }

    /// @dev Transfers `amount` tokens from `from` to `to`.
    ///
    /// Note: Does not update the allowance if it is the maximum uint256 value.
    ///
    /// Will burn sender NFTs if balance after transfer is less than
    /// the amount required to support the current NFT balance.
    ///
    /// Will mint NFTs to `to` if the recipient's new balance supports
    /// additional NFTs ***AND*** the `to` address's skipNFT flag is
    /// set to false.
    ///
    /// Requirements:
    /// - `from` must at least have `amount`.
    /// - The caller must have at least `amount` of allowance to transfer the tokens of `from`.
    ///
    /// Emits a {Transfer} event.
    function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 amount) public virtual returns (bool) {
        if (_isPaused()) revert Paused();
        Uint256Ref storage a = _ref(_getDN404Storage().allowance, from, msg.sender);

        uint256 allowed = _givePermit2DefaultInfiniteAllowance() && msg.sender == _PERMIT2
            && _isZero(_getDN404Storage().addressData[from].flags & _ADDRESS_DATA_OVERRIDE_PERMIT2_FLAG)
            ? type(uint256).max
            : a.value;

        if (allowed != type(uint256).max) {
            if (amount > allowed) revert InsufficientAllowance();
            unchecked {
                a.value = allowed - amount;
            }
        }
        _transfer(from, to, amount);
        return true;
    }

    /*«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-*/
    /*                          PERMIT2                           */
    /*-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»*/

    /// @dev Whether Permit2 has infinite allowances by default for all owners.
    /// For signature-based allowance granting for single transaction ERC20 `transferFrom`.
    /// To enable, override this function to return true.
    function _givePermit2DefaultInfiniteAllowance() internal view virtual returns (bool) {
        return false;
    }

    /*«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-*/
    /*                  INTERNAL MINT FUNCTIONS                   */
    /*-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»*/

    /// @dev Mints `amount` tokens to `to`, increasing the total supply.
    /// just support 1 unit token mint here
    /// Will mint NFTs to `to` if the recipient's new balance supports
    /// additional NFTs ***AND*** the `to` address's skipNFT flag is set to false.
    ///
    /// Emits a {Transfer} event.
    function _mint(address to, uint256 amount) internal virtual returns (uint256 id){
        if (_isPaused()) revert Paused();
        if (to == address(0)) revert TransferToZeroAddress();

        AddressData storage toAddressData = _addressData(to);
        DN404Storage storage $ = _getDN404Storage();
        if ($.mirrorERC721 == address(0)) revert DNNotInitialized();

        _DNMintTemps memory t;
        unchecked {
            uint256 toBalance = uint256(toAddressData.balance) + amount;
            toAddressData.balance = uint96(toBalance);
            t.toEnd = toBalance / _unit();
        }
        uint256 maxId;
        unchecked {
            uint256 totalSupply_ = uint256($.totalSupply) + amount;
            $.totalSupply = uint96(totalSupply_);
            uint256 overflows = _toUint(_totalSupplyOverflows(totalSupply_));
            if (overflows | _toUint(totalSupply_ < amount) != 0) revert TotalSupplyOverflow();
            maxId = totalSupply_ / _unit();
        }
        unchecked {
            if (_isZero(toAddressData.flags & _ADDRESS_DATA_SKIP_NFT_FLAG)) {
                Uint32Map storage toOwned = $.owned[to];
                Uint32Map storage oo = $.oo;
                uint256 toIndex = toAddressData.ownedLength;
                _DNPackedLogs memory packedLogs = _packedLogsMalloc(_zeroFloorSub(t.toEnd, toIndex));

                if (packedLogs.logs.length != 0) {
                    _packedLogsSet(packedLogs, to, 0);
                    $.totalNFTSupply += uint32(packedLogs.logs.length);
                    toAddressData.ownedLength = uint32(t.toEnd);
                    t.toAlias = _registerAndResolveAlias(toAddressData, to);
                    uint32 burnedPoolHead = $.burnedPoolHead;
                    t.burnedPoolTail = $.burnedPoolTail;
                    t.nextTokenId = _wrapNFTId($.nextTokenId, maxId);
                    // Mint loop.
                    do {
                        if (burnedPoolHead != t.burnedPoolTail) {
                            id = _get($.burnedPool, burnedPoolHead++);
                        } else {
                            id = t.nextTokenId;
                            while (_get(oo, _ownershipIndex(id)) != 0) {
                                id = _useExistsLookup()
                                    ? _wrapNFTId(_findFirstUnset($.exists, id + 1, maxId), maxId)
                                    : _wrapNFTId(id + 1, maxId);
                            }
                            t.nextTokenId = _wrapNFTId(id + 1, maxId);
                        }
                        if (_useExistsLookup()) _set($.exists, id, true);
                        _set(toOwned, toIndex, uint32(id));
                        _setOwnerAliasAndOwnedIndex(oo, id, t.toAlias, uint32(toIndex++));
                        _packedLogsAppend(packedLogs, id);
                        _afterNFTTransfer(address(0), to, id);
                    } while (toIndex != t.toEnd);

                    $.nextTokenId = uint32(t.nextTokenId);
                    $.burnedPoolHead = burnedPoolHead;
                    _packedLogsSend(packedLogs, $.mirrorERC721);
                }
            }
        }
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            // Emit the {Transfer} event.
            mstore(0x00, amount)
            log3(0x00, 0x20, _TRANSFER_EVENT_SIGNATURE, 0, shr(96, shl(96, to)))
        }
    }

    /// @dev Mints `amount` tokens to `to`, increasing the total supply.
    /// This variant mints NFT tokens starting from ID `preTotalSupply / _unit() + 1`.
    /// This variant will not touch the `burnedPool` and `nextTokenId`.
    ///
    /// Will mint NFTs to `to` if the recipient's new balance supports
    /// additional NFTs ***AND*** the `to` address's skipNFT flag is set to false.
    ///
    /// Emits a {Transfer} event.
    function _mintNext(address to, uint256 amount) internal virtual {
        if (to == address(0)) revert TransferToZeroAddress();

        AddressData storage toAddressData = _addressData(to);
        DN404Storage storage $ = _getDN404Storage();
        if ($.mirrorERC721 == address(0)) revert DNNotInitialized();

        _DNMintTemps memory t;
        unchecked {
            uint256 toBalance = uint256(toAddressData.balance) + amount;
            toAddressData.balance = uint96(toBalance);
            t.toEnd = toBalance / _unit();
        }
        uint256 startId;
        uint256 maxId;
        unchecked {
            uint256 preTotalSupply = uint256($.totalSupply);
            startId = preTotalSupply / _unit() + 1;
            uint256 totalSupply_ = uint256(preTotalSupply) + amount;
            $.totalSupply = uint96(totalSupply_);
            uint256 overflows = _toUint(_totalSupplyOverflows(totalSupply_));
            if (overflows | _toUint(totalSupply_ < amount) != 0) revert TotalSupplyOverflow();
            maxId = totalSupply_ / _unit();
        }
        unchecked {
            if (_isZero(toAddressData.flags & _ADDRESS_DATA_SKIP_NFT_FLAG)) {
                Uint32Map storage toOwned = $.owned[to];
                Uint32Map storage oo = $.oo;
                uint256 toIndex = toAddressData.ownedLength;
                _DNPackedLogs memory packedLogs = _packedLogsMalloc(_zeroFloorSub(t.toEnd, toIndex));

                if (packedLogs.logs.length != 0) {
                    _packedLogsSet(packedLogs, to, 0);
                    $.totalNFTSupply += uint32(packedLogs.logs.length);
                    toAddressData.ownedLength = uint32(t.toEnd);
                    t.toAlias = _registerAndResolveAlias(toAddressData, to);
                    // Mint loop.
                    do {
                        uint256 id = startId;
                        while (_get(oo, _ownershipIndex(id)) != 0) {
                            id = _useExistsLookup()
                                ? _wrapNFTId(_findFirstUnset($.exists, id + 1, maxId), maxId)
                                : _wrapNFTId(id + 1, maxId);
                        }
                        startId = _wrapNFTId(id + 1, maxId);
                        if (_useExistsLookup()) _set($.exists, id, true);
                        _set(toOwned, toIndex, uint32(id));
                        _setOwnerAliasAndOwnedIndex(oo, id, t.toAlias, uint32(toIndex++));
                        _packedLogsAppend(packedLogs, id);
                        _afterNFTTransfer(address(0), to, id);
                    } while (toIndex != t.toEnd);

                    _packedLogsSend(packedLogs, $.mirrorERC721);
                }
            }
        }
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            // Emit the {Transfer} event.
            mstore(0x00, amount)
            log3(0x00, 0x20, _TRANSFER_EVENT_SIGNATURE, 0, shr(96, shl(96, to)))
        }
    }

    /*«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-*/
    /*                  INTERNAL BURN FUNCTIONS                   */
    /*-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»*/

    /// @dev Burns `amount` tokens from `from`, reducing the total supply.
    ///
    /// Will burn sender NFTs if balance after transfer is less than
    /// the amount required to support the current NFT balance.
    ///
    /// Emits a {Transfer} event.
    function _burn(address from, uint256 amount) internal virtual {
        DN404Storage storage $ = _getDN404Storage();
        if ($.mirrorERC721 == address(0)) revert DNNotInitialized();

        AddressData storage fromAddressData = $.addressData[from];
        uint256 fromBalance = fromAddressData.balance;
        if (amount > fromBalance) revert InsufficientBalance();

        unchecked {
            fromAddressData.balance = uint96(fromBalance -= amount);
            uint256 totalSupply_ = uint256($.totalSupply) - amount;
            $.totalSupply = uint96(totalSupply_);

            Uint32Map storage fromOwned = $.owned[from];
            uint256 fromIndex = fromAddressData.ownedLength;
            uint256 numNFTBurns = _zeroFloorSub(fromIndex, fromBalance / _unit());

            if (numNFTBurns != 0) {
                _DNPackedLogs memory packedLogs = _packedLogsMalloc(numNFTBurns);
                _packedLogsSet(packedLogs, from, 1);
                bool addToBurnedPool;
                {
                    uint256 totalNFTSupply = uint256($.totalNFTSupply) - numNFTBurns;
                    $.totalNFTSupply = uint32(totalNFTSupply);
                    addToBurnedPool = _addToBurnedPool(totalNFTSupply, totalSupply_);
                }

                Uint32Map storage oo = $.oo;
                uint256 fromEnd = fromIndex - numNFTBurns;
                fromAddressData.ownedLength = uint32(fromEnd);
                uint32 burnedPoolTail = $.burnedPoolTail;
                // Burn loop.
                do {
                    uint256 id = _get(fromOwned, --fromIndex);
                    _setOwnerAliasAndOwnedIndex(oo, id, 0, 0);
                    _packedLogsAppend(packedLogs, id);
                    if (_useExistsLookup()) _set($.exists, id, false);
                    if (addToBurnedPool) _set($.burnedPool, burnedPoolTail++, uint32(id));
                    if (_get($.mayHaveNFTApproval, id)) {
                        _set($.mayHaveNFTApproval, id, false);
                        delete $.nftApprovals[id];
                    }
                    _afterNFTTransfer(from, address(0), id);
                } while (fromIndex != fromEnd);

                if (addToBurnedPool) $.burnedPoolTail = burnedPoolTail;
                _packedLogsSend(packedLogs, $.mirrorERC721);
            }
        }
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            // Emit the {Transfer} event.
            mstore(0x00, amount)
            log3(0x00, 0x20, _TRANSFER_EVENT_SIGNATURE, shr(96, shl(96, from)), 0)
        }
    }

    /*«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-*/
    /*                INTERNAL TRANSFER FUNCTIONS                 */
    /*-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»*/

    /// @dev Moves `amount` of tokens from `from` to `to`.
    ///
    /// Will burn sender NFTs if balance after transfer is less than
    /// the amount required to support the current NFT balance.
    ///
    /// Will mint NFTs to `to` if the recipient's new balance supports
    /// additional NFTs ***AND*** the `to` address's skipNFT flag is
    /// set to false.
    ///
    /// Emits a {Transfer} event.
    function _transfer(address from, address to, uint256 amount) internal virtual {
        if (to == address(0)) revert TransferToZeroAddress();

        DN404Storage storage $ = _getDN404Storage();
        AddressData storage fromAddressData = $.addressData[from];
        AddressData storage toAddressData = _addressData(to);
        if ($.mirrorERC721 == address(0)) revert DNNotInitialized();

        _DNTransferTemps memory t;
        t.fromOwnedLength = fromAddressData.ownedLength;
        t.toOwnedLength = toAddressData.ownedLength;

        unchecked {
            {
                uint256 fromBalance = fromAddressData.balance;
                if (amount > fromBalance) revert InsufficientBalance();
                fromAddressData.balance = uint96(fromBalance -= amount);

                uint256 toBalance = uint256(toAddressData.balance) + amount;
                toAddressData.balance = uint96(toBalance);
                t.numNFTBurns = _zeroFloorSub(t.fromOwnedLength, fromBalance / _unit());

                if (_isZero(toAddressData.flags & _ADDRESS_DATA_SKIP_NFT_FLAG)) {
                    if (from == to) t.toOwnedLength = t.fromOwnedLength - t.numNFTBurns;
                    t.numNFTMints = _zeroFloorSub(toBalance / _unit(), t.toOwnedLength);
                }
            }

            while (_useDirectTransfersIfPossible()) {
                uint256 n = _min(t.fromOwnedLength, _min(t.numNFTBurns, t.numNFTMints));
                if (_isZero(n)) break;
                t.numNFTBurns -= n;
                t.numNFTMints -= n;
                if (from == to) {
                    t.toOwnedLength += n;
                    break;
                }
                _DNDirectLogs memory directLogs = _directLogsMalloc(n, from, to);
                Uint32Map storage fromOwned = $.owned[from];
                Uint32Map storage toOwned = $.owned[to];
                t.toAlias = _registerAndResolveAlias(toAddressData, to);
                uint256 toIndex = t.toOwnedLength;
                n = toIndex + n;
                // Direct transfer loop.
                do {
                    uint256 id = _get(fromOwned, --t.fromOwnedLength);
                    _set(toOwned, toIndex, uint32(id));
                    _setOwnerAliasAndOwnedIndex($.oo, id, t.toAlias, uint32(toIndex));
                    _directLogsAppend(directLogs, id);
                    if (_get($.mayHaveNFTApproval, id)) {
                        _set($.mayHaveNFTApproval, id, false);
                        delete $.nftApprovals[id];
                    }
                    _afterNFTTransfer(from, to, id);
                } while (++toIndex != n);

                toAddressData.ownedLength = uint32(t.toOwnedLength = toIndex);
                fromAddressData.ownedLength = uint32(t.fromOwnedLength);
                _directLogsSend(directLogs, $.mirrorERC721);
                break;
            }

            t.totalNFTSupply = uint256($.totalNFTSupply) + t.numNFTMints - t.numNFTBurns;
            $.totalNFTSupply = uint32(t.totalNFTSupply);

            Uint32Map storage oo = $.oo;
            _DNPackedLogs memory packedLogs = _packedLogsMalloc(t.numNFTBurns + t.numNFTMints);

            t.burnedPoolTail = $.burnedPoolTail;
            if (t.numNFTBurns != 0) {
                _packedLogsSet(packedLogs, from, 1);
                bool addToBurnedPool = _addToBurnedPool(t.totalNFTSupply, $.totalSupply);
                Uint32Map storage fromOwned = $.owned[from];
                uint256 fromIndex = t.fromOwnedLength;
                fromAddressData.ownedLength = uint32(t.fromEnd = fromIndex - t.numNFTBurns);
                uint32 burnedPoolTail = t.burnedPoolTail;
                // Burn loop.
                do {
                    uint256 id = _get(fromOwned, --fromIndex);
                    _setOwnerAliasAndOwnedIndex(oo, id, 0, 0);
                    _packedLogsAppend(packedLogs, id);
                    if (_useExistsLookup()) _set($.exists, id, false);
                    if (addToBurnedPool) _set($.burnedPool, burnedPoolTail++, uint32(id));
                    if (_get($.mayHaveNFTApproval, id)) {
                        _set($.mayHaveNFTApproval, id, false);
                        delete $.nftApprovals[id];
                    }
                    _afterNFTTransfer(from, address(0), id);
                } while (fromIndex != t.fromEnd);

                if (addToBurnedPool) $.burnedPoolTail = (t.burnedPoolTail = burnedPoolTail);
            }

            if (t.numNFTMints != 0) {
                _packedLogsSet(packedLogs, to, 0);
                Uint32Map storage toOwned = $.owned[to];
                t.toAlias = _registerAndResolveAlias(toAddressData, to);
                uint256 maxId = $.totalSupply / _unit();
                t.nextTokenId = _wrapNFTId($.nextTokenId, maxId);
                uint256 toIndex = t.toOwnedLength;
                toAddressData.ownedLength = uint32(t.toEnd = toIndex + t.numNFTMints);
                uint32 burnedPoolHead = $.burnedPoolHead;
                // Mint loop.
                do {
                    uint256 id;
                    if (burnedPoolHead != t.burnedPoolTail) {
                        id = _get($.burnedPool, burnedPoolHead++);
                    } else {
                        id = t.nextTokenId;
                        while (_get(oo, _ownershipIndex(id)) != 0) {
                            id = _useExistsLookup()
                                ? _wrapNFTId(_findFirstUnset($.exists, id + 1, maxId), maxId)
                                : _wrapNFTId(id + 1, maxId);
                        }
                        t.nextTokenId = _wrapNFTId(id + 1, maxId);
                    }
                    if (_useExistsLookup()) _set($.exists, id, true);
                    _set(toOwned, toIndex, uint32(id));
                    _setOwnerAliasAndOwnedIndex(oo, id, t.toAlias, uint32(toIndex++));
                    _packedLogsAppend(packedLogs, id);
                    _afterNFTTransfer(address(0), to, id);
                } while (toIndex != t.toEnd);

                $.burnedPoolHead = burnedPoolHead;
                $.nextTokenId = uint32(t.nextTokenId);
            }

            if (packedLogs.logs.length != 0) _packedLogsSend(packedLogs, $.mirrorERC721);
        }
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            // Emit the {Transfer} event.
            mstore(0x00, amount)
            // forgefmt: disable-next-item
            log3(0x00, 0x20, _TRANSFER_EVENT_SIGNATURE, shr(96, shl(96, from)), shr(96, shl(96, to)))
        }
    }

    /// @dev Transfers token `id` from `from` to `to`.
    ///
    /// Requirements:
    ///
    /// - Call must originate from the mirror contract.
    /// - Token `id` must exist.
    /// - `from` must be the owner of the token.
    /// - `to` cannot be the zero address.
    ///   `msgSender` must be the owner of the token, or be approved to manage the token.
    ///
    /// Emits a {Transfer} event.
    function _transferFromNFT(address from, address to, uint256 id, address msgSender)
        internal
        virtual
    {
        if (to == address(0)) revert TransferToZeroAddress();

        DN404Storage storage $ = _getDN404Storage();
        if ($.mirrorERC721 == address(0)) revert DNNotInitialized();

        Uint32Map storage oo = $.oo;

        if (from != $.aliasToAddress[_get(oo, _ownershipIndex(_restrictNFTId(id)))]) {
            revert TransferFromIncorrectOwner();
        }

        if (msgSender != from) {
            if (!_isApprovedForAll(from, msgSender)) {
                if (_getApproved(id) != msgSender) {
                    revert TransferCallerNotOwnerNorApproved();
                }
            }
        }

        AddressData storage fromAddressData = $.addressData[from];
        AddressData storage toAddressData = $.addressData[to];

        uint256 unit = _unit();
        mapping(address => Uint32Map) storage owned = $.owned;

        unchecked {
            uint256 fromBalance = fromAddressData.balance;
            if (unit > fromBalance) revert InsufficientBalance();
            fromAddressData.balance = uint96(fromBalance - unit);
            toAddressData.balance += uint96(unit);
        }
        if (_get($.mayHaveNFTApproval, id)) {
            _set($.mayHaveNFTApproval, id, false);
            delete $.nftApprovals[id];
        }
        unchecked {
            Uint32Map storage fromOwned = owned[from];
            uint32 updatedId = _get(fromOwned, --fromAddressData.ownedLength);
            uint32 i = _get(oo, _ownedIndex(id));
            _set(fromOwned, i, updatedId);
            _set(oo, _ownedIndex(updatedId), i);
        }
        unchecked {
            uint32 n = toAddressData.ownedLength++;
            _set(owned[to], n, uint32(id));
            _setOwnerAliasAndOwnedIndex(oo, id, _registerAndResolveAlias(toAddressData, to), n);
        }
        _afterNFTTransfer(from, to, id);
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            // Emit the {Transfer} event.
            mstore(0x00, unit)
            // forgefmt: disable-next-item
            log3(0x00, 0x20, _TRANSFER_EVENT_SIGNATURE, shr(96, shl(96, from)), shr(96, shl(96, to)))
        }
    }

    /*«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-*/
    /*                 INTERNAL APPROVE FUNCTIONS                 */
    /*-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»*/

    /// @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the tokens of `owner`.
    ///
    /// Emits a {Approval} event.
    function _approve(address owner, address spender, uint256 amount) internal virtual {
        if (_givePermit2DefaultInfiniteAllowance() && spender == _PERMIT2) {
            _getDN404Storage().addressData[owner].flags |= _ADDRESS_DATA_OVERRIDE_PERMIT2_FLAG;
        }
        _ref(_getDN404Storage().allowance, owner, spender).value = amount;
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            // Emit the {Approval} event.
            mstore(0x00, amount)
            // forgefmt: disable-next-item
            log3(0x00, 0x20, _APPROVAL_EVENT_SIGNATURE, shr(96, shl(96, owner)), shr(96, shl(96, spender)))
        }
    }

    /*«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-*/
    /*                 DATA HITCHHIKING FUNCTIONS                 */
    /*-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»*/

    /// @dev Returns the auxiliary data for `owner`.
    /// Minting, transferring, burning the tokens of `owner` will not change the auxiliary data.
    /// Auxiliary data can be set for any address, even if it does not have any tokens.
    function _getAux(address owner) internal view virtual returns (uint88) {
        return _getDN404Storage().addressData[owner].aux;
    }

    /// @dev Set the auxiliary data for `owner` to `value`.
    /// Minting, transferring, burning the tokens of `owner` will not change the auxiliary data.
    /// Auxiliary data can be set for any address, even if it does not have any tokens.
    function _setAux(address owner, uint88 value) internal virtual {
        _getDN404Storage().addressData[owner].aux = value;
    }

    /*«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-*/
    /*                     SKIP NFT FUNCTIONS                     */
    /*-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»*/

    /// @dev Returns true if minting and transferring ERC20s to `owner` will skip minting NFTs.
    /// Returns false otherwise.
    function getSkipNFT(address owner) public view virtual returns (bool) {
        AddressData storage d = _getDN404Storage().addressData[owner];
        if (_isZero(d.flags & _ADDRESS_DATA_INITIALIZED_FLAG)) return _hasCode(owner);
        return d.flags & _ADDRESS_DATA_SKIP_NFT_FLAG != 0;
    }

    /// @dev Sets the caller's skipNFT flag to `skipNFT`. Returns true.
    ///
    /// Emits a {SkipNFTSet} event.
    function setSkipNFT(bool skipNFT) public virtual returns (bool) {
        _setSkipNFT(msg.sender, skipNFT);
        return true;
    }

    /// @dev Internal function to set account `owner` skipNFT flag to `state`
    ///
    /// Initializes account `owner` AddressData if it is not currently initialized.
    ///
    /// Emits a {SkipNFTSet} event.
    function _setSkipNFT(address owner, bool state) internal virtual {
        AddressData storage d = _addressData(owner);
        if ((d.flags & _ADDRESS_DATA_SKIP_NFT_FLAG != 0) != state) {
            d.flags ^= _ADDRESS_DATA_SKIP_NFT_FLAG;
        }
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            mstore(0x00, iszero(iszero(state)))
            log2(0x00, 0x20, _SKIP_NFT_SET_EVENT_SIGNATURE, shr(96, shl(96, owner)))
        }
    }

    /// @dev Returns a storage data pointer for account `owner` AddressData
    ///
    /// Initializes account `owner` AddressData if it is not currently initialized.
    function _addressData(address owner) internal virtual returns (AddressData storage d) {
        d = _getDN404Storage().addressData[owner];
        unchecked {
            if (_isZero(d.flags & _ADDRESS_DATA_INITIALIZED_FLAG)) {
                uint256 skipNFT = _toUint(_hasCode(owner)) * _ADDRESS_DATA_SKIP_NFT_FLAG;
                d.flags = uint8(skipNFT | _ADDRESS_DATA_INITIALIZED_FLAG);
            }
        }
    }

    /// @dev Returns the `addressAlias` of account `to`.
    ///
    /// Assigns and registers the next alias if `to` alias was not previously registered.
    function _registerAndResolveAlias(AddressData storage toAddressData, address to)
        internal
        virtual
        returns (uint32 addressAlias)
    {
        DN404Storage storage $ = _getDN404Storage();
        addressAlias = toAddressData.addressAlias;
        if (_isZero(addressAlias)) {
            unchecked {
                addressAlias = ++$.numAliases;
            }
            toAddressData.addressAlias = addressAlias;
            $.aliasToAddress[addressAlias] = to;
            if (_isZero(addressAlias)) revert(); // Overflow.
        }
    }

    /*«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-*/
    /*                     MIRROR OPERATIONS                      */
    /*-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»*/

    /// @dev Returns the address of the mirror NFT contract.
    function mirrorERC721() public view virtual returns (address) {
        return _getDN404Storage().mirrorERC721;
    }

    /// @dev Returns the total NFT supply.
    function _totalNFTSupply() internal view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _getDN404Storage().totalNFTSupply;
    }

    /// @dev Returns `owner` NFT balance.
    function _balanceOfNFT(address owner) internal view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _getDN404Storage().addressData[owner].ownedLength;
    }

    /// @dev Returns the owner of token `id`.
    /// Returns the zero address instead of reverting if the token does not exist.
    function _ownerAt(uint256 id) internal view virtual returns (address) {
        DN404Storage storage $ = _getDN404Storage();
        return $.aliasToAddress[_get($.oo, _ownershipIndex(_restrictNFTId(id)))];
    }

    /// @dev Returns the owner of token `id`.
    ///
    /// Requirements:
    /// - Token `id` must exist.
    function _ownerOf(uint256 id) internal view virtual returns (address) {
        if (!_exists(id)) revert TokenDoesNotExist();
        return _ownerAt(id);
    }

    /// @dev Returns whether `operator` is approved to manage the NFT tokens of `owner`.
    function _isApprovedForAll(address owner, address operator)
        internal
        view
        virtual
        returns (bool)
    {
        return !_isZero(_ref(_getDN404Storage().operatorApprovals, owner, operator).value);
    }

    /// @dev Returns if token `id` exists.
    function _exists(uint256 id) internal view virtual returns (bool) {
        return _ownerAt(id) != address(0);
    }

    /// @dev Returns the account approved to manage token `id`.
    ///
    /// Requirements:
    /// - Token `id` must exist.
    function _getApproved(uint256 id) internal view virtual returns (address) {
        if (!_exists(id)) revert TokenDoesNotExist();
        return _getDN404Storage().nftApprovals[id];
    }

    /// @dev Sets `spender` as the approved account to manage token `id`, using `msgSender`.
    ///
    /// Requirements:
    /// - `msgSender` must be the owner or an approved operator for the token owner.
    function _approveNFT(address spender, uint256 id, address msgSender)
        internal
        virtual
        returns (address owner)
    {
        DN404Storage storage $ = _getDN404Storage();

        owner = $.aliasToAddress[_get($.oo, _ownershipIndex(_restrictNFTId(id)))];

        if (msgSender != owner) {
            if (!_isApprovedForAll(owner, msgSender)) {
                revert ApprovalCallerNotOwnerNorApproved();
            }
        }

        $.nftApprovals[id] = spender;
        _set($.mayHaveNFTApproval, id, spender != address(0));
    }

    /// @dev Approve or remove the `operator` as an operator for `msgSender`,
    /// without authorization checks.
    function _setApprovalForAll(address operator, bool approved, address msgSender)
        internal
        virtual
    {
        _ref(_getDN404Storage().operatorApprovals, msgSender, operator).value = _toUint(approved);
    }

    /// @dev Returns the NFT IDs of `owner` in the range `[begin..end)` (exclusive of `end`).
    /// `begin` and `end` are indices in the owner's token ID array, not the entire token range.
    /// Optimized for smaller bytecode size, as this function is intended for off-chain calling.
    function _ownedIds(address owner, uint256 begin, uint256 end)
        internal
        view
        virtual
        returns (uint256[] memory ids)
    {
        DN404Storage storage $ = _getDN404Storage();
        Uint32Map storage owned = $.owned[owner];
        end = _min($.addressData[owner].ownedLength, end);
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            ids := mload(0x40)
            let i := begin
            for {} lt(i, end) { i := add(i, 1) } {
                let s := add(shl(96, owned.slot), shr(3, i)) // Storage slot.
                let id := and(0xffffffff, shr(shl(5, and(i, 7)), sload(s)))
                mstore(add(add(ids, 0x20), shl(5, sub(i, begin))), id) // Append to.
            }
            mstore(ids, sub(i, begin)) // Store the length.
            mstore(0x40, add(add(ids, 0x20), shl(5, sub(i, begin)))) // Allocate memory.
        }
    }

    /// @dev Fallback modifier to dispatch calls from the mirror NFT contract
    /// to internal functions in this contract.
    modifier dn404Fallback() virtual {
        DN404Storage storage $ = _getDN404Storage();

        uint256 fnSelector = _calldataload(0x00) >> 224;

        // `transferFromNFT(address,address,uint256,address)`.
        if (fnSelector == 0xe5eb36c8) {
            if (msg.sender != $.mirrorERC721) revert SenderNotMirror();
            if (_isPaused()) revert Paused();
            _transferFromNFT(
                address(uint160(_calldataload(0x04))), // `from`.
                address(uint160(_calldataload(0x24))), // `to`.
                _calldataload(0x44), // `id`.
                address(uint160(_calldataload(0x64))) // `msgSender`.
            );
            _return(1);
        }
        // `setApprovalForAll(address,bool,address)`.
        if (fnSelector == 0x813500fc) {
            if (msg.sender != $.mirrorERC721) revert SenderNotMirror();
            _setApprovalForAll(
                address(uint160(_calldataload(0x04))), // `spender`.
                _calldataload(0x24) != 0, // `status`.
                address(uint160(_calldataload(0x44))) // `msgSender`.
            );
            _return(1);
        }
        // `isApprovedForAll(address,address)`.
        if (fnSelector == 0xe985e9c5) {
            bool result = _isApprovedForAll(
                address(uint160(_calldataload(0x04))), // `owner`.
                address(uint160(_calldataload(0x24))) // `operator`.
            );
            _return(_toUint(result));
        }
        // `ownerOf(uint256)`.
        if (fnSelector == 0x6352211e) {
            _return(uint160(_ownerOf(_calldataload(0x04))));
        }
        // `ownerAt(uint256)`.
        if (fnSelector == 0x24359879) {
            _return(uint160(_ownerAt(_calldataload(0x04))));
        }
        // `approveNFT(address,uint256,address)`.
        if (fnSelector == 0xd10b6e0c) {
            if (msg.sender != $.mirrorERC721) revert SenderNotMirror();
            address owner = _approveNFT(
                address(uint160(_calldataload(0x04))), // `spender`.
                _calldataload(0x24), // `id`.
                address(uint160(_calldataload(0x44))) // `msgSender`.
            );
            _return(uint160(owner));
        }
        // `getApproved(uint256)`.
        if (fnSelector == 0x081812fc) {
            _return(uint160(_getApproved(_calldataload(0x04))));
        }
        // `balanceOfNFT(address)`.
        if (fnSelector == 0xf5b100ea) {
            _return(_balanceOfNFT(address(uint160(_calldataload(0x04)))));
        }
        // `totalNFTSupply()`.
        if (fnSelector == 0xe2c79281) {
            _return(_totalNFTSupply());
        }
        // `tokenURI(uint256)`.
        if (fnSelector == 0xc87b56dd) {
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                mstore(0x40, add(mload(0x40), 0x20))
            }
            string memory uri = _tokenURI(_calldataload(0x04));
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                // Memory safe, as we've advanced the free memory pointer by a word.
                let o := sub(uri, 0x20)
                mstore(o, 0x20) // Store the offset of `uri`.
                return(o, add(0x60, mload(uri)))
            }
        }
        // `implementsDN404()`.
        if (fnSelector == 0xb7a94eb8) {
            _return(1);
        }
        _;
    }

    /// @dev Fallback function for calls from mirror NFT contract.
    /// Override this if you need to implement your custom
    /// fallback with utilities like Solady's `LibZip.cdFallback()`.
    /// And always remember to always wrap the fallback with `dn404Fallback`.
    fallback() external payable virtual dn404Fallback {
        revert FnSelectorNotRecognized(); // Not mandatory. Just for quality of life.
    }

    /// @dev This is to silence the compiler warning.
    /// Override and remove the revert if you want your contract to receive ETH via receive.
    receive() external payable virtual {
        if (msg.value != 0) revert();
    }

    /*«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-«-*/
    /*                 INTERNAL / PRIVATE HELPERS                 */
    /*-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»-»*/

    /// @dev Returns `(i - 1) << 1`.
    function _ownershipIndex(uint256 i) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            return (i - 1) << 1; // Minus 1 as token IDs start from 1.
        }
    }

    /// @dev Returns `((i - 1) << 1) + 1`.
    function _ownedIndex(uint256 i) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            return ((i - 1) << 1) + 1; // Minus 1 as token IDs start from 1.
        }
    }

    /// @dev Returns the uint32 value at `index` in `map`.
    function _get(Uint32Map storage map, uint256 index) internal view returns (uint32 result) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            let s := add(shl(96, map.slot), shr(3, index)) // Storage slot.
            result := and(0xffffffff, shr(shl(5, and(index, 7)), sload(s)))
        }
    }

    /// @dev Updates the uint32 value at `index` in `map`.
    function _set(Uint32Map storage map, uint256 index, uint32 value) internal {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            let s := add(shl(96, map.slot), shr(3, index)) // Storage slot.
            let o := shl(5, and(index, 7)) // Storage slot offset (bits).
            let v := sload(s) // Storage slot value.
            sstore(s, xor(v, shl(o, and(0xffffffff, xor(value, shr(o, v))))))
        }
    }

    /// @dev Sets the owner alias and the owned index together.
    function _setOwnerAliasAndOwnedIndex(
        Uint32Map storage map,
        uint256 id,
        uint32 ownership,
        uint32 ownedIndex
    ) internal {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            let i := sub(id, 1) // Index of the uint64 combined value.
            let s := add(shl(96, map.slot), shr(2, i)) // Storage slot.
            let v := sload(s) // Storage slot value.
            let o := shl(6, and(i, 3)) // Storage slot offset (bits).
            let combined := or(shl(32, ownedIndex), and(0xffffffff, ownership))
            sstore(s, xor(v, shl(o, and(0xffffffffffffffff, xor(shr(o, v), combined)))))
        }
    }

    /// @dev Returns the boolean value of the bit at `index` in `bitmap`.
    function _get(Bitmap storage bitmap, uint256 index) internal view returns (bool result) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            let s := add(shl(96, bitmap.slot), shr(8, index)) // Storage slot.
            result := and(1, shr(and(0xff, index), sload(s)))
        }
    }

    /// @dev Updates the bit at `index` in `bitmap` to `value`.
    function _set(Bitmap storage bitmap, uint256 index, bool value) internal {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            let s := add(shl(96, bitmap.slot), shr(8, index)) // Storage slot.
            let o := and(0xff, index) // Storage slot offset (bits).
            sstore(s, or(and(sload(s), not(shl(o, 1))), shl(o, iszero(iszero(value)))))
        }
    }

    /// @dev Returns the index of the least significant unset bit in `[begin..upTo]`.
    /// If no set bit is found, returns `type(uint256).max`.
    function _findFirstUnset(Bitmap storage bitmap, uint256 begin, uint256 upTo)
        internal
        view
        returns (uint256 unsetBitIndex)
    {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            unsetBitIndex := not(0) // Initialize to `type(uint256).max`.
            let s := shl(96, bitmap.slot) // Storage offset of the bitmap.
            let bucket := add(s, shr(8, begin))
            let negBits := shl(and(0xff, begin), shr(and(0xff, begin), not(sload(bucket))))
            if iszero(negBits) {
                let lastBucket := add(s, shr(8, upTo))
                for {} 1 {} {
                    bucket := add(bucket, 1)
                    negBits := not(sload(bucket))
                    if or(negBits, gt(bucket, lastBucket)) { break }
                }
                if gt(bucket, lastBucket) {
                    negBits := shr(and(0xff, not(upTo)), shl(and(0xff, not(upTo)), negBits))
                }
            }
            if negBits {
                // Find-first-set routine.
                let b := and(negBits, add(not(negBits), 1)) // Isolate the least significant bit.
                let r := shl(7, lt(0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff, b))
                r := or(r, shl(6, lt(0xffffffffffffffff, shr(r, b))))
                r := or(r, shl(5, lt(0xffffffff, shr(r, b))))
                // For the remaining 32 bits, use a De Bruijn lookup.
                // forgefmt: disable-next-item
                r := or(r, byte(and(div(0xd76453e0, shr(r, b)), 0x1f),
                    0x001f0d1e100c1d070f090b19131c1706010e11080a1a141802121b1503160405))
                r := or(shl(8, sub(bucket, s)), r)
                unsetBitIndex := or(r, sub(0, or(gt(r, upTo), lt(r, begin))))
            }
        }
    }

    /// @dev Returns a storage reference to the value at (`a0`, `a1`) in `map`.
    function _ref(AddressPairToUint256RefMap storage map, address a0, address a1)
        internal
        pure
        returns (Uint256Ref storage ref)
    {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            mstore(0x28, a1)
            mstore(0x14, a0)
            mstore(0x00, map.slot)
            ref.slot := keccak256(0x00, 0x48)
            // Clear the part of the free memory pointer that was overwritten.
            mstore(0x28, 0x00)
        }
    }

    /// @dev Wraps the NFT ID.
    function _wrapNFTId(uint256 id, uint256 maxId) internal pure returns (uint256 result) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            result := or(mul(iszero(gt(id, maxId)), id), gt(id, maxId))
        }
    }

    /// @dev Returns `id > type(uint32).max ? 0 : id`.
    function _restrictNFTId(uint256 id) internal pure returns (uint256 result) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            result := mul(id, lt(id, 0x100000000))
        }
    }

    /// @dev Returns whether `amount` is a valid `totalSupply`.
    function _totalSupplyOverflows(uint256 amount) internal view returns (bool result) {
        uint256 unit = _unit();
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            result := iszero(iszero(or(shr(96, amount), lt(0xfffffffe, div(amount, unit)))))
        }
    }

    /// @dev Returns `max(0, x - y)`.
    function _zeroFloorSub(uint256 x, uint256 y) internal pure returns (uint256 z) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            z := mul(gt(x, y), sub(x, y))
        }
    }

    /// @dev Returns `x < y ? x : y`.
    function _min(uint256 x, uint256 y) internal pure returns (uint256 z) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            z := xor(x, mul(xor(x, y), lt(y, x)))
        }
    }

    /// @dev Returns `b ? 1 : 0`.
    function _toUint(bool b) internal pure returns (uint256 result) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            result := iszero(iszero(b))
        }
    }

    /// @dev Returns `b == 0`. This is because solc is sometimes dumb.
    function _isZero(uint256 x) internal pure returns (bool result) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            result := iszero(x)
        }
    }

    /// @dev Struct containing direct transfer log data for {Transfer} events to be
    /// emitted by the mirror NFT contract.
    struct _DNDirectLogs {
        uint256 offset;
        uint256[] logs;
    }

    /// @dev Initiates memory allocation for direct logs with `n` log items.
    function _directLogsMalloc(uint256 n, address from, address to)
        private
        pure
        returns (_DNDirectLogs memory p)
    {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            let m := mload(0x40)
            mstore(m, 0x144027d3) // `logDirectTransfer(address,address,uint256[])`.
            mstore(add(m, 0x20), shr(96, shl(96, from)))
            mstore(add(m, 0x40), shr(96, shl(96, to)))
            mstore(add(m, 0x60), 0x60) // Offset of `logs` in the calldata to send.
            // Skip 4 words: `fnSelector`, `from`, `to`, `calldataLogsOffset`.
            let logs := add(0x80, m)
            mstore(logs, n) // Store the length.
            let offset := add(0x20, logs) // Skip the word for `p.logs.length`.
            mstore(0x40, add(offset, shl(5, n))) // Allocate memory.
            mstore(add(0x20, p), logs) // Set `p.logs`.
            mstore(p, offset) // Set `p.offset`.
        }
    }

    /// @dev Adds a direct log item to `p` with token `id`.
    function _directLogsAppend(_DNDirectLogs memory p, uint256 id) private pure {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            let offset := mload(p)
            mstore(offset, id)
            mstore(p, add(offset, 0x20))
        }
    }

    /// @dev Calls the `mirror` NFT contract to emit {Transfer} events for packed logs `p`.
    function _directLogsSend(_DNDirectLogs memory p, address mirror) private {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            let logs := mload(add(p, 0x20))
            let n := add(0x84, shl(5, mload(logs))) // Length of calldata to send.
            let o := sub(logs, 0x80) // Start of calldata to send.
            if iszero(and(eq(mload(o), 1), call(gas(), mirror, 0, add(o, 0x1c), n, o, 0x20))) {
                revert(o, 0x00)
            }
        }
    }

    /// @dev Struct containing packed log data for {Transfer} events to be
    /// emitted by the mirror NFT contract.
    struct _DNPackedLogs {
        uint256 offset;
        uint256 addressAndBit;
        uint256[] logs;
    }

    /// @dev Initiates memory allocation for packed logs with `n` log items.
    function _packedLogsMalloc(uint256 n) private pure returns (_DNPackedLogs memory p) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            // Note that `p` implicitly allocates and advances the free memory pointer by
            // 3 words, which we can safely mutate in `_packedLogsSend`.
            let logs := mload(0x40)
            mstore(logs, n) // Store the length.
            let offset := add(0x20, logs) // Skip the word for `p.logs.length`.
            mstore(0x40, add(offset, shl(5, n))) // Allocate memory.
            mstore(add(0x40, p), logs) // Set `p.logs`.
            mstore(p, offset) // Set `p.offset`.
        }
    }

    /// @dev Set the current address and the burn bit.
    function _packedLogsSet(_DNPackedLogs memory p, address a, uint256 burnBit) private pure {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            mstore(add(p, 0x20), or(shl(96, a), burnBit)) // Set `p.addressAndBit`.
        }
    }

    /// @dev Adds a packed log item to `p` with token `id`.
    function _packedLogsAppend(_DNPackedLogs memory p, uint256 id) private pure {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            let offset := mload(p)
            mstore(offset, or(mload(add(p, 0x20)), shl(8, id))) // `p.addressAndBit | (id << 8)`.
            mstore(p, add(offset, 0x20))
        }
    }

    /// @dev Calls the `mirror` NFT contract to emit {Transfer} events for packed logs `p`.
    function _packedLogsSend(_DNPackedLogs memory p, address mirror) private {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            let logs := mload(add(p, 0x40))
            let o := sub(logs, 0x40) // Start of calldata to send.
            mstore(o, 0x263c69d6) // `logTransfer(uint256[])`.
            mstore(add(o, 0x20), 0x20) // Offset of `logs` in the calldata to send.
            let n := add(0x44, shl(5, mload(logs))) // Length of calldata to send.
            if iszero(and(eq(mload(o), 1), call(gas(), mirror, 0, add(o, 0x1c), n, o, 0x20))) {
                revert(o, 0x00)
            }
        }
    }

    /// @dev Struct of temporary variables for transfers.
    struct _DNTransferTemps {
        uint256 numNFTBurns;
        uint256 numNFTMints;
        uint256 fromOwnedLength;
        uint256 toOwnedLength;
        uint256 totalNFTSupply;
        uint256 fromEnd;
        uint256 toEnd;
        uint32 toAlias;
        uint256 nextTokenId;
        uint32 burnedPoolTail;
    }

    /// @dev Struct of temporary variables for mints.
    struct _DNMintTemps {
        uint256 nextTokenId;
        uint32 burnedPoolTail;
        uint256 toEnd;
        uint32 toAlias;
    }

    /// @dev Returns if `a` has bytecode of non-zero length.
    function _hasCode(address a) private view returns (bool result) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            result := extcodesize(a) // Can handle dirty upper bits.
        }
    }

    /// @dev Returns the calldata value at `offset`.
    function _calldataload(uint256 offset) private pure returns (uint256 value) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            value := calldataload(offset)
        }
    }

    /// @dev Executes a return opcode to return `x` and end the current call frame.
    function _return(uint256 x) private pure {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            mstore(0x00, x)
            return(0x00, 0x20)
        }
    }
}


// File contracts/pass/VelocityPass2Token.sol

// Original license: SPDX_License_Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.17;



/**
 * @title VelocityPass2Token
 * @notice Sample DN404 contract that demonstrates the owner selling fungible tokens.
 * When a user has at least one base unit (10^18) amount of tokens, they will automatically receive an NFT.
 * NFTs are minted as an address accumulates each base unit amount of tokens.
 */
contract VelocityPass2Token is DN404, UUPSUpgradeable {
    using Strings for uint256;

    address public owner;
    address public minter;
    uint256 public maxSupply;
    uint256 public totalMinted;
    string private _name;
    string private _symbol;
    string private _baseURI;

    bool private _paused;
    uint32 private _unitMultiple;
    uint32 private _splitIndex;

    modifier onlyOwner() {
        require(owner == msg.sender, "Ownable: not owner");
        _;
    }

    modifier onlyMinter() {
        require(minter == msg.sender, "Minter: not minter");
        _;
    }

    constructor() {
        _disableInitializers();
    }

    // required by the OZ UUPS module
    function _authorizeUpgrade(address) internal override onlyOwner {}

    function initialize(
        string memory name_,
        string memory symbol_,
        string memory baseURI_,
        uint32 unitMultiple_,
        uint32 splitIndex_,
        uint256 maxSupply_,
        address mirror_,
        address owner_,
        address minter_
        ) external initializer {
        require(mirror_ != address(0), "Pls set the mirror");
        _unitMultiple = unitMultiple_;

        _initializeDN404(0, address(0), mirror_, owner_);
        __UUPSUpgradeable_init();

        _name = name_;
        _symbol = symbol_;
        _baseURI = baseURI_;
        owner = owner_;
        minter = minter_;
        maxSupply = maxSupply_;
        _splitIndex = splitIndex_;
    }

    function transferOwnership(address newOwner) external onlyOwner {
        require(newOwner != address(0), "Ownable: new owner is zero");
        owner = newOwner;
    }

    function setMinter(address minter_) external onlyOwner {
        minter = minter_;
    }

    function pause() external onlyOwner {
        _paused = true;
    }

    function unPause() external onlyOwner {
        _paused = false;
    }

    function name() public view override returns (string memory) {
        return _name;
    }

    function symbol() public view override returns (string memory) {
        return _symbol;
    }

    function maxTokenSupply() public view returns (uint256) {
        return maxSupply * _unit();
    }

    function _tokenURI(uint256 tokenId) internal view override returns (string memory result) {
        require(_exists(tokenId), "ERC721: invalid token ID");

        uint256 index = 1;

        if (tokenId <= _splitIndex) {
            index = 0;
        }
        
        if (bytes(_baseURI).length != 0) {
            result = string(abi.encodePacked(_baseURI, index.toString()));
        }
    }

    function _unit() internal override view returns (uint256) {
        return uint256(_unitMultiple) * (10 ** 18);
    }

    function _isPaused() internal override view virtual returns (bool) {
        return _paused;
    }

    /*
    here the projectId and sender make no sense for the interface
    */
    function mint(address to, uint256 projectId, address sender) public onlyMinter returns (uint256 tokenId){
        require(totalMinted < maxSupply, "exceed max limit");

        //mint 1 unit token every time, so return one nft token id
        tokenId = _mint(to, _unit());
        unchecked {
            ++totalMinted;
        }
    }

    function setBaseURI(string calldata baseURI_) public onlyOwner {
        _baseURI = baseURI_;
    }

    function setSkipNFTSpecial(address user, bool skipNFT) public onlyOwner returns (bool) {
        _setSkipNFT(user, skipNFT);
        return true;
    }

    function airdrop(address[] calldata recipients, uint256[] calldata quantities) public onlyOwner {
        require(recipients.length == quantities.length);
        require(totalMinted < maxSupply, "exceed max limit");

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < recipients.length;) {
            _mint(recipients[i], _unit() * quantities[i]);
            unchecked {
                ++i;
                ++totalMinted;
            }
        }
    }

    function batchTransfer(address[] calldata recipients, uint256[] calldata quantities) public {
        require(recipients.length == quantities.length);
        if (_isPaused()) revert Paused();

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < recipients.length;) {
            _transfer(msg.sender, recipients[i], quantities[i]);
            unchecked {
                ++i;
            }
        }
    }
}