ETH Price: $2,640.00 (+4.01%)

Transaction Decoder

Block:
20867637 at Oct-01-2024 02:24:11 AM +UTC
Transaction Fee:
0.000666368933519732 ETH $1.76
Gas Used:
109,666 Gas / 6.076349402 Gwei

Emitted Events:

180 TransparentUpgradeableProxy.0xddf252ad1be2c89b69c2b068fc378daa952ba7f163c4a11628f55a4df523b3ef( 0xddf252ad1be2c89b69c2b068fc378daa952ba7f163c4a11628f55a4df523b3ef, 0x00000000000000000000000090362bf0868c9bdf47a956d102422138134d680f, 0x0000000000000000000000004552adcbfad37bcd895ba2039b8982bb4a4ba651, 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000192689d04da840e4 )
181 Distributor1TL.AirdropClaimed( account=[Sender] 0x4552adcbfad37bcd895ba2039b8982bb4a4ba651, amount=1812287427812278500 )

Account State Difference:

  Address   Before After State Difference Code
0x4552ADcB...B4A4Ba651
0.015595497946922614 Eth
Nonce: 110
0.014929129013402882 Eth
Nonce: 111
0.000666368933519732
0x90362Bf0...8134d680f
(beaverbuild)
17.56165706542955054 Eth17.56175733108813582 Eth0.00010026565858528
0xec53bF91...aB9061F83

Execution Trace

Distributor1TL.claim( )
  • TransparentUpgradeableProxy.70a08231( )
    • Eigen.balanceOf( account=0x90362Bf0868c9bDf47A956d102422138134d680f ) => ( 382200712024725613668175 )
    • Null: 0x000...001.af5e5b85( )
    • TransparentUpgradeableProxy.a9059cbb( )
      • Eigen.transfer( to=0x4552ADcBfaD37bcD895BA2039B8982BB4A4Ba651, amount=1812287427812278500 ) => ( True )
        File 1 of 3: Distributor1TL
        // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
        pragma solidity 0.8.25;
        import "@solady/src/tokens/ERC20.sol";
        import "@solady/src/utils/MerkleProofLib.sol";
        import "@solady/src/utils/ECDSA.sol";
        import "@openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable2Step.sol";
        //   ____ _ _
        //  / ___| (_) __ _ _   _  ___
        // | |   | | |/ _` | | | |/ _ \\
        // | |___| | | (_| | |_| |  __/
        //  \\____|_|_|\\__, |\\__,_|\\___|        _               _
        // |  _ \\(_)___| |_|_ __(_) |__  _   _| |_ ___  _ __  / |
        // | | | | / __| __| '__| | '_ \\| | | | __/ _ \\| '__| | |
        // | |_| | \\__ \\ |_| |  | | |_) | |_| | || (_) | |    | |
        // |____/|_|___/\\__|_|  |_|_.__/ \\__,_|\\__\\___/|_|    |_|
        /// @title Distributor1TL
        /// @notice Clique Airdrop contract (Mekle + ECDSA)
        /// @author Clique (@Clique2046)
        /// @author Eillo (@0xEillo)
        contract Distributor1TL is Ownable2Step {
            // token to be airdroppped
            address public token;
            // address signing the claims
            address public signer;
            // root of the merkle tree
            bytes32 public claimRoot;
            // whether the airdrop is active
            bool public active = false;
            // fee to claim
            uint256 public fee;
            // the end time of the distribution
            uint public endTime;
            // mapping of addresses to whether they have claimed
            mapping(address => bool) public claimed;
            // errors
            error InsufficientBalance();
            error AlreadyClaimed();
            error InvalidSignature();
            error InvalidMerkleProof();
            error NotActive();
            error ZeroAddress();
            error InsufficientFee();
            error MerkleRootNotSet();
            event AirdropClaimed(address indexed account, uint256 amount);
            modifier feeCheck() {
                if (msg.value < fee) revert InsufficientFee();
                _;
            }
            /// @notice Construct a new Claim contract
            /// @param _signer address that can sign messages
            /// @param _token address of the token that will be claimed
            /// @param _duration duration of the airdrop
            constructor(address _signer, address _token, uint _duration) Ownable(msg.sender) {
                if (_token == address(0)) revert ZeroAddress();
                signer = _signer;
                token = _token;
                endTime = block.timestamp + _duration;
            }
            /// @notice Set the signer
            /// @param _signer address that can sign messages
            function setSigner(address _signer) external onlyOwner {
                signer = _signer;
            }
            /// @notice Set the claim root
            /// @param _claimRoot root of the merkle tree
            function setClaimRoot(bytes32 _claimRoot) external onlyOwner {
                claimRoot = _claimRoot;
            }
            /// @notice Set the fee
            /// @param _fee fee to claim
            function setFee(uint256 _fee) external onlyOwner {
                fee = _fee;
            }
            /// @notice Set the end time
            /// @param _endTime end time of the distribution
            function setEndTime(uint _endTime) external onlyOwner {
                require(_endTime > block.timestamp, "Distributor1TL: end time must be in the future");
                endTime = _endTime;
            }
            /// @notice Withdraw ETH from the contract
            /// @param receiver address to receive the tokens
            function withdrawETH(address receiver) external onlyOwner {
                require(block.timestamp > endTime, "Distributor1TL: distribution not over");
                payable(receiver).transfer(address(this).balance);
            }
            /// @notice Withdraw tokens from the contract
            /// @param receiver address to receive the tokens
            /// @param amount amount of tokens to withdraw
            function withdrawTokens(
                address receiver,
                uint256 amount
            ) external onlyOwner {
                require(block.timestamp > endTime, "Distributor1TL: distribution not over");
                ERC20(token).transfer(receiver, amount);
            }
            /// @notice Toggle the active state
            function toggleActive() external onlyOwner {
                if (claimRoot == bytes32(0)) revert MerkleRootNotSet();
                active = !active;
            }
            /// @notice Claim airdrop tokens. Checks for both merkle proof
            //          and signature validation
            /// @param _proof merkle proof of the claim
            /// @param _signature signature of the claim
            /// @param _amount amount of tokens to claim
            function claim(
                bytes32[] calldata _proof,
                bytes calldata _signature,
                uint256 _amount
            ) external payable feeCheck {
                require(block.timestamp < endTime, "Distributor1TL: distribution over");
                if (ERC20(token).balanceOf(address(this)) < _amount)
                    revert InsufficientBalance();
                if (claimed[msg.sender]) revert AlreadyClaimed();
                if (!active) revert NotActive();
                claimed[msg.sender] = true;
                _rootCheck(_proof, _amount);
                _signatureCheck(_amount, _signature);
                ERC20(token).transfer(msg.sender, _amount);
                emit AirdropClaimed(msg.sender, _amount);
            }
            /// @notice Internal function to check the merkle proof
            /// @param _proof merkle proof of the claim
            /// @param _amount amount of tokens to claim
            function _rootCheck(
                bytes32[] calldata _proof,
                uint256 _amount
            ) internal view {
                bytes32 leaf = keccak256(abi.encodePacked(msg.sender, _amount));
                if (!MerkleProofLib.verify(_proof, claimRoot, leaf))
                    revert InvalidMerkleProof();
            }
            /// @notice Internal function to check the signature
            /// @param _amount amount of tokens to claim
            /// @param _signature signature of the claim
            function _signatureCheck(
                uint256 _amount,
                bytes calldata _signature
            ) internal view {
                if (_signature.length == 0) revert InvalidSignature();
                bytes32 messageHash = keccak256(
                    abi.encodePacked(msg.sender, _amount, address(this), block.chainid)
                );
                bytes32 prefixedHash = ECDSA.toEthSignedMessageHash(messageHash);
                address recoveredSigner = ECDSA.recoverCalldata(
                    prefixedHash,
                    _signature
                );
                if (recoveredSigner != signer) revert InvalidSignature();
            }
            /// @notice Receive function to accept ETH directly to the contract
            receive() external payable {}
        }
        // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
        pragma solidity ^0.8.4;
        /// @notice Simple ERC20 + EIP-2612 implementation.
        /// @author Solady (https://github.com/vectorized/solady/blob/main/src/tokens/ERC20.sol)
        /// @author Modified from Solmate (https://github.com/transmissions11/solmate/blob/main/src/tokens/ERC20.sol)
        /// @author Modified from OpenZeppelin (https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/blob/master/contracts/token/ERC20/ERC20.sol)
        ///
        /// @dev Note:
        /// - The ERC20 standard allows minting and transferring to and from the zero address,
        ///   minting and transferring zero tokens, as well as self-approvals.
        ///   For performance, this implementation WILL NOT revert for such actions.
        ///   Please add any checks with overrides if desired.
        /// - The `permit` function uses the ecrecover precompile (0x1).
        ///
        /// If you are overriding:
        /// - NEVER violate the ERC20 invariant:
        ///   the total sum of all balances must be equal to `totalSupply()`.
        /// - Check that the overridden function is actually used in the function you want to
        ///   change the behavior of. Much of the code has been manually inlined for performance.
        abstract contract ERC20 {
            /*´:°•.°+.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°•.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°+.*•´.*:*/
            /*                       CUSTOM ERRORS                        */
            /*.•°:°.´+˚.*°.˚:*.´•*.+°.•°:´*.´•*.•°.•°:°.´:•˚°.*°.˚:*.´+°.•*/
            /// @dev The total supply has overflowed.
            error TotalSupplyOverflow();
            /// @dev The allowance has overflowed.
            error AllowanceOverflow();
            /// @dev The allowance has underflowed.
            error AllowanceUnderflow();
            /// @dev Insufficient balance.
            error InsufficientBalance();
            /// @dev Insufficient allowance.
            error InsufficientAllowance();
            /// @dev The permit is invalid.
            error InvalidPermit();
            /// @dev The permit has expired.
            error PermitExpired();
            /*´:°•.°+.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°•.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°+.*•´.*:*/
            /*                           EVENTS                           */
            /*.•°:°.´+˚.*°.˚:*.´•*.+°.•°:´*.´•*.•°.•°:°.´:•˚°.*°.˚:*.´+°.•*/
            /// @dev Emitted when `amount` tokens is transferred from `from` to `to`.
            event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 amount);
            /// @dev Emitted when `amount` tokens is approved by `owner` to be used by `spender`.
            event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 amount);
            /// @dev `keccak256(bytes("Transfer(address,address,uint256)"))`.
            uint256 private constant _TRANSFER_EVENT_SIGNATURE =
                0xddf252ad1be2c89b69c2b068fc378daa952ba7f163c4a11628f55a4df523b3ef;
            /// @dev `keccak256(bytes("Approval(address,address,uint256)"))`.
            uint256 private constant _APPROVAL_EVENT_SIGNATURE =
                0x8c5be1e5ebec7d5bd14f71427d1e84f3dd0314c0f7b2291e5b200ac8c7c3b925;
            /*´:°•.°+.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°•.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°+.*•´.*:*/
            /*                          STORAGE                           */
            /*.•°:°.´+˚.*°.˚:*.´•*.+°.•°:´*.´•*.•°.•°:°.´:•˚°.*°.˚:*.´+°.•*/
            /// @dev The storage slot for the total supply.
            uint256 private constant _TOTAL_SUPPLY_SLOT = 0x05345cdf77eb68f44c;
            /// @dev The balance slot of `owner` is given by:
            /// ```
            ///     mstore(0x0c, _BALANCE_SLOT_SEED)
            ///     mstore(0x00, owner)
            ///     let balanceSlot := keccak256(0x0c, 0x20)
            /// ```
            uint256 private constant _BALANCE_SLOT_SEED = 0x87a211a2;
            /// @dev The allowance slot of (`owner`, `spender`) is given by:
            /// ```
            ///     mstore(0x20, spender)
            ///     mstore(0x0c, _ALLOWANCE_SLOT_SEED)
            ///     mstore(0x00, owner)
            ///     let allowanceSlot := keccak256(0x0c, 0x34)
            /// ```
            uint256 private constant _ALLOWANCE_SLOT_SEED = 0x7f5e9f20;
            /// @dev The nonce slot of `owner` is given by:
            /// ```
            ///     mstore(0x0c, _NONCES_SLOT_SEED)
            ///     mstore(0x00, owner)
            ///     let nonceSlot := keccak256(0x0c, 0x20)
            /// ```
            uint256 private constant _NONCES_SLOT_SEED = 0x38377508;
            /*´:°•.°+.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°•.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°+.*•´.*:*/
            /*                         CONSTANTS                          */
            /*.•°:°.´+˚.*°.˚:*.´•*.+°.•°:´*.´•*.•°.•°:°.´:•˚°.*°.˚:*.´+°.•*/
            /// @dev `(_NONCES_SLOT_SEED << 16) | 0x1901`.
            uint256 private constant _NONCES_SLOT_SEED_WITH_SIGNATURE_PREFIX = 0x383775081901;
            /// @dev `keccak256("EIP712Domain(string name,string version,uint256 chainId,address verifyingContract)")`.
            bytes32 private constant _DOMAIN_TYPEHASH =
                0x8b73c3c69bb8fe3d512ecc4cf759cc79239f7b179b0ffacaa9a75d522b39400f;
            /// @dev `keccak256("1")`.
            bytes32 private constant _VERSION_HASH =
                0xc89efdaa54c0f20c7adf612882df0950f5a951637e0307cdcb4c672f298b8bc6;
            /// @dev `keccak256("Permit(address owner,address spender,uint256 value,uint256 nonce,uint256 deadline)")`.
            bytes32 private constant _PERMIT_TYPEHASH =
                0x6e71edae12b1b97f4d1f60370fef10105fa2faae0126114a169c64845d6126c9;
            /*´:°•.°+.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°•.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°+.*•´.*:*/
            /*                       ERC20 METADATA                       */
            /*.•°:°.´+˚.*°.˚:*.´•*.+°.•°:´*.´•*.•°.•°:°.´:•˚°.*°.˚:*.´+°.•*/
            /// @dev Returns the name of the token.
            function name() public view virtual returns (string memory);
            /// @dev Returns the symbol of the token.
            function symbol() public view virtual returns (string memory);
            /// @dev Returns the decimals places of the token.
            function decimals() public view virtual returns (uint8) {
                return 18;
            }
            /*´:°•.°+.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°•.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°+.*•´.*:*/
            /*                           ERC20                            */
            /*.•°:°.´+˚.*°.˚:*.´•*.+°.•°:´*.´•*.•°.•°:°.´:•˚°.*°.˚:*.´+°.•*/
            /// @dev Returns the amount of tokens in existence.
            function totalSupply() public view virtual returns (uint256 result) {
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    result := sload(_TOTAL_SUPPLY_SLOT)
                }
            }
            /// @dev Returns the amount of tokens owned by `owner`.
            function balanceOf(address owner) public view virtual returns (uint256 result) {
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    mstore(0x0c, _BALANCE_SLOT_SEED)
                    mstore(0x00, owner)
                    result := sload(keccak256(0x0c, 0x20))
                }
            }
            /// @dev Returns the amount of tokens that `spender` can spend on behalf of `owner`.
            function allowance(address owner, address spender)
                public
                view
                virtual
                returns (uint256 result)
            {
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    mstore(0x20, spender)
                    mstore(0x0c, _ALLOWANCE_SLOT_SEED)
                    mstore(0x00, owner)
                    result := sload(keccak256(0x0c, 0x34))
                }
            }
            /// @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the caller's tokens.
            ///
            /// Emits a {Approval} event.
            function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) public virtual returns (bool) {
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    // Compute the allowance slot and store the amount.
                    mstore(0x20, spender)
                    mstore(0x0c, _ALLOWANCE_SLOT_SEED)
                    mstore(0x00, caller())
                    sstore(keccak256(0x0c, 0x34), amount)
                    // Emit the {Approval} event.
                    mstore(0x00, amount)
                    log3(0x00, 0x20, _APPROVAL_EVENT_SIGNATURE, caller(), shr(96, mload(0x2c)))
                }
                return true;
            }
            /// @dev Transfer `amount` tokens from the caller to `to`.
            ///
            /// Requirements:
            /// - `from` must at least have `amount`.
            ///
            /// Emits a {Transfer} event.
            function transfer(address to, uint256 amount) public virtual returns (bool) {
                _beforeTokenTransfer(msg.sender, to, amount);
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    // Compute the balance slot and load its value.
                    mstore(0x0c, _BALANCE_SLOT_SEED)
                    mstore(0x00, caller())
                    let fromBalanceSlot := keccak256(0x0c, 0x20)
                    let fromBalance := sload(fromBalanceSlot)
                    // Revert if insufficient balance.
                    if gt(amount, fromBalance) {
                        mstore(0x00, 0xf4d678b8) // `InsufficientBalance()`.
                        revert(0x1c, 0x04)
                    }
                    // Subtract and store the updated balance.
                    sstore(fromBalanceSlot, sub(fromBalance, amount))
                    // Compute the balance slot of `to`.
                    mstore(0x00, to)
                    let toBalanceSlot := keccak256(0x0c, 0x20)
                    // Add and store the updated balance of `to`.
                    // Will not overflow because the sum of all user balances
                    // cannot exceed the maximum uint256 value.
                    sstore(toBalanceSlot, add(sload(toBalanceSlot), amount))
                    // Emit the {Transfer} event.
                    mstore(0x20, amount)
                    log3(0x20, 0x20, _TRANSFER_EVENT_SIGNATURE, caller(), shr(96, mload(0x0c)))
                }
                _afterTokenTransfer(msg.sender, to, amount);
                return true;
            }
            /// @dev Transfers `amount` tokens from `from` to `to`.
            ///
            /// Note: Does not update the allowance if it is the maximum uint256 value.
            ///
            /// Requirements:
            /// - `from` must at least have `amount`.
            /// - The caller must have at least `amount` of allowance to transfer the tokens of `from`.
            ///
            /// Emits a {Transfer} event.
            function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 amount) public virtual returns (bool) {
                _beforeTokenTransfer(from, to, amount);
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    let from_ := shl(96, from)
                    // Compute the allowance slot and load its value.
                    mstore(0x20, caller())
                    mstore(0x0c, or(from_, _ALLOWANCE_SLOT_SEED))
                    let allowanceSlot := keccak256(0x0c, 0x34)
                    let allowance_ := sload(allowanceSlot)
                    // If the allowance is not the maximum uint256 value.
                    if add(allowance_, 1) {
                        // Revert if the amount to be transferred exceeds the allowance.
                        if gt(amount, allowance_) {
                            mstore(0x00, 0x13be252b) // `InsufficientAllowance()`.
                            revert(0x1c, 0x04)
                        }
                        // Subtract and store the updated allowance.
                        sstore(allowanceSlot, sub(allowance_, amount))
                    }
                    // Compute the balance slot and load its value.
                    mstore(0x0c, or(from_, _BALANCE_SLOT_SEED))
                    let fromBalanceSlot := keccak256(0x0c, 0x20)
                    let fromBalance := sload(fromBalanceSlot)
                    // Revert if insufficient balance.
                    if gt(amount, fromBalance) {
                        mstore(0x00, 0xf4d678b8) // `InsufficientBalance()`.
                        revert(0x1c, 0x04)
                    }
                    // Subtract and store the updated balance.
                    sstore(fromBalanceSlot, sub(fromBalance, amount))
                    // Compute the balance slot of `to`.
                    mstore(0x00, to)
                    let toBalanceSlot := keccak256(0x0c, 0x20)
                    // Add and store the updated balance of `to`.
                    // Will not overflow because the sum of all user balances
                    // cannot exceed the maximum uint256 value.
                    sstore(toBalanceSlot, add(sload(toBalanceSlot), amount))
                    // Emit the {Transfer} event.
                    mstore(0x20, amount)
                    log3(0x20, 0x20, _TRANSFER_EVENT_SIGNATURE, shr(96, from_), shr(96, mload(0x0c)))
                }
                _afterTokenTransfer(from, to, amount);
                return true;
            }
            /*´:°•.°+.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°•.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°+.*•´.*:*/
            /*                          EIP-2612                          */
            /*.•°:°.´+˚.*°.˚:*.´•*.+°.•°:´*.´•*.•°.•°:°.´:•˚°.*°.˚:*.´+°.•*/
            /// @dev For more performance, override to return the constant value
            /// of `keccak256(bytes(name()))` if `name()` will never change.
            function _constantNameHash() internal view virtual returns (bytes32 result) {}
            /// @dev Returns the current nonce for `owner`.
            /// This value is used to compute the signature for EIP-2612 permit.
            function nonces(address owner) public view virtual returns (uint256 result) {
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    // Compute the nonce slot and load its value.
                    mstore(0x0c, _NONCES_SLOT_SEED)
                    mstore(0x00, owner)
                    result := sload(keccak256(0x0c, 0x20))
                }
            }
            /// @dev Sets `value` as the allowance of `spender` over the tokens of `owner`,
            /// authorized by a signed approval by `owner`.
            ///
            /// Emits a {Approval} event.
            function permit(
                address owner,
                address spender,
                uint256 value,
                uint256 deadline,
                uint8 v,
                bytes32 r,
                bytes32 s
            ) public virtual {
                bytes32 nameHash = _constantNameHash();
                //  We simply calculate it on-the-fly to allow for cases where the `name` may change.
                if (nameHash == bytes32(0)) nameHash = keccak256(bytes(name()));
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    // Revert if the block timestamp is greater than `deadline`.
                    if gt(timestamp(), deadline) {
                        mstore(0x00, 0x1a15a3cc) // `PermitExpired()`.
                        revert(0x1c, 0x04)
                    }
                    let m := mload(0x40) // Grab the free memory pointer.
                    // Clean the upper 96 bits.
                    owner := shr(96, shl(96, owner))
                    spender := shr(96, shl(96, spender))
                    // Compute the nonce slot and load its value.
                    mstore(0x0e, _NONCES_SLOT_SEED_WITH_SIGNATURE_PREFIX)
                    mstore(0x00, owner)
                    let nonceSlot := keccak256(0x0c, 0x20)
                    let nonceValue := sload(nonceSlot)
                    // Prepare the domain separator.
                    mstore(m, _DOMAIN_TYPEHASH)
                    mstore(add(m, 0x20), nameHash)
                    mstore(add(m, 0x40), _VERSION_HASH)
                    mstore(add(m, 0x60), chainid())
                    mstore(add(m, 0x80), address())
                    mstore(0x2e, keccak256(m, 0xa0))
                    // Prepare the struct hash.
                    mstore(m, _PERMIT_TYPEHASH)
                    mstore(add(m, 0x20), owner)
                    mstore(add(m, 0x40), spender)
                    mstore(add(m, 0x60), value)
                    mstore(add(m, 0x80), nonceValue)
                    mstore(add(m, 0xa0), deadline)
                    mstore(0x4e, keccak256(m, 0xc0))
                    // Prepare the ecrecover calldata.
                    mstore(0x00, keccak256(0x2c, 0x42))
                    mstore(0x20, and(0xff, v))
                    mstore(0x40, r)
                    mstore(0x60, s)
                    let t := staticcall(gas(), 1, 0, 0x80, 0x20, 0x20)
                    // If the ecrecover fails, the returndatasize will be 0x00,
                    // `owner` will be checked if it equals the hash at 0x00,
                    // which evaluates to false (i.e. 0), and we will revert.
                    // If the ecrecover succeeds, the returndatasize will be 0x20,
                    // `owner` will be compared against the returned address at 0x20.
                    if iszero(eq(mload(returndatasize()), owner)) {
                        mstore(0x00, 0xddafbaef) // `InvalidPermit()`.
                        revert(0x1c, 0x04)
                    }
                    // Increment and store the updated nonce.
                    sstore(nonceSlot, add(nonceValue, t)) // `t` is 1 if ecrecover succeeds.
                    // Compute the allowance slot and store the value.
                    // The `owner` is already at slot 0x20.
                    mstore(0x40, or(shl(160, _ALLOWANCE_SLOT_SEED), spender))
                    sstore(keccak256(0x2c, 0x34), value)
                    // Emit the {Approval} event.
                    log3(add(m, 0x60), 0x20, _APPROVAL_EVENT_SIGNATURE, owner, spender)
                    mstore(0x40, m) // Restore the free memory pointer.
                    mstore(0x60, 0) // Restore the zero pointer.
                }
            }
            /// @dev Returns the EIP-712 domain separator for the EIP-2612 permit.
            function DOMAIN_SEPARATOR() public view virtual returns (bytes32 result) {
                bytes32 nameHash = _constantNameHash();
                //  We simply calculate it on-the-fly to allow for cases where the `name` may change.
                if (nameHash == bytes32(0)) nameHash = keccak256(bytes(name()));
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    let m := mload(0x40) // Grab the free memory pointer.
                    mstore(m, _DOMAIN_TYPEHASH)
                    mstore(add(m, 0x20), nameHash)
                    mstore(add(m, 0x40), _VERSION_HASH)
                    mstore(add(m, 0x60), chainid())
                    mstore(add(m, 0x80), address())
                    result := keccak256(m, 0xa0)
                }
            }
            /*´:°•.°+.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°•.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°+.*•´.*:*/
            /*                  INTERNAL MINT FUNCTIONS                   */
            /*.•°:°.´+˚.*°.˚:*.´•*.+°.•°:´*.´•*.•°.•°:°.´:•˚°.*°.˚:*.´+°.•*/
            /// @dev Mints `amount` tokens to `to`, increasing the total supply.
            ///
            /// Emits a {Transfer} event.
            function _mint(address to, uint256 amount) internal virtual {
                _beforeTokenTransfer(address(0), to, amount);
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    let totalSupplyBefore := sload(_TOTAL_SUPPLY_SLOT)
                    let totalSupplyAfter := add(totalSupplyBefore, amount)
                    // Revert if the total supply overflows.
                    if lt(totalSupplyAfter, totalSupplyBefore) {
                        mstore(0x00, 0xe5cfe957) // `TotalSupplyOverflow()`.
                        revert(0x1c, 0x04)
                    }
                    // Store the updated total supply.
                    sstore(_TOTAL_SUPPLY_SLOT, totalSupplyAfter)
                    // Compute the balance slot and load its value.
                    mstore(0x0c, _BALANCE_SLOT_SEED)
                    mstore(0x00, to)
                    let toBalanceSlot := keccak256(0x0c, 0x20)
                    // Add and store the updated balance.
                    sstore(toBalanceSlot, add(sload(toBalanceSlot), amount))
                    // Emit the {Transfer} event.
                    mstore(0x20, amount)
                    log3(0x20, 0x20, _TRANSFER_EVENT_SIGNATURE, 0, shr(96, mload(0x0c)))
                }
                _afterTokenTransfer(address(0), to, amount);
            }
            /*´:°•.°+.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°•.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°+.*•´.*:*/
            /*                  INTERNAL BURN FUNCTIONS                   */
            /*.•°:°.´+˚.*°.˚:*.´•*.+°.•°:´*.´•*.•°.•°:°.´:•˚°.*°.˚:*.´+°.•*/
            /// @dev Burns `amount` tokens from `from`, reducing the total supply.
            ///
            /// Emits a {Transfer} event.
            function _burn(address from, uint256 amount) internal virtual {
                _beforeTokenTransfer(from, address(0), amount);
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    // Compute the balance slot and load its value.
                    mstore(0x0c, _BALANCE_SLOT_SEED)
                    mstore(0x00, from)
                    let fromBalanceSlot := keccak256(0x0c, 0x20)
                    let fromBalance := sload(fromBalanceSlot)
                    // Revert if insufficient balance.
                    if gt(amount, fromBalance) {
                        mstore(0x00, 0xf4d678b8) // `InsufficientBalance()`.
                        revert(0x1c, 0x04)
                    }
                    // Subtract and store the updated balance.
                    sstore(fromBalanceSlot, sub(fromBalance, amount))
                    // Subtract and store the updated total supply.
                    sstore(_TOTAL_SUPPLY_SLOT, sub(sload(_TOTAL_SUPPLY_SLOT), amount))
                    // Emit the {Transfer} event.
                    mstore(0x00, amount)
                    log3(0x00, 0x20, _TRANSFER_EVENT_SIGNATURE, shr(96, shl(96, from)), 0)
                }
                _afterTokenTransfer(from, address(0), amount);
            }
            /*´:°•.°+.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°•.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°+.*•´.*:*/
            /*                INTERNAL TRANSFER FUNCTIONS                 */
            /*.•°:°.´+˚.*°.˚:*.´•*.+°.•°:´*.´•*.•°.•°:°.´:•˚°.*°.˚:*.´+°.•*/
            /// @dev Moves `amount` of tokens from `from` to `to`.
            function _transfer(address from, address to, uint256 amount) internal virtual {
                _beforeTokenTransfer(from, to, amount);
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    let from_ := shl(96, from)
                    // Compute the balance slot and load its value.
                    mstore(0x0c, or(from_, _BALANCE_SLOT_SEED))
                    let fromBalanceSlot := keccak256(0x0c, 0x20)
                    let fromBalance := sload(fromBalanceSlot)
                    // Revert if insufficient balance.
                    if gt(amount, fromBalance) {
                        mstore(0x00, 0xf4d678b8) // `InsufficientBalance()`.
                        revert(0x1c, 0x04)
                    }
                    // Subtract and store the updated balance.
                    sstore(fromBalanceSlot, sub(fromBalance, amount))
                    // Compute the balance slot of `to`.
                    mstore(0x00, to)
                    let toBalanceSlot := keccak256(0x0c, 0x20)
                    // Add and store the updated balance of `to`.
                    // Will not overflow because the sum of all user balances
                    // cannot exceed the maximum uint256 value.
                    sstore(toBalanceSlot, add(sload(toBalanceSlot), amount))
                    // Emit the {Transfer} event.
                    mstore(0x20, amount)
                    log3(0x20, 0x20, _TRANSFER_EVENT_SIGNATURE, shr(96, from_), shr(96, mload(0x0c)))
                }
                _afterTokenTransfer(from, to, amount);
            }
            /*´:°•.°+.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°•.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°+.*•´.*:*/
            /*                INTERNAL ALLOWANCE FUNCTIONS                */
            /*.•°:°.´+˚.*°.˚:*.´•*.+°.•°:´*.´•*.•°.•°:°.´:•˚°.*°.˚:*.´+°.•*/
            /// @dev Updates the allowance of `owner` for `spender` based on spent `amount`.
            function _spendAllowance(address owner, address spender, uint256 amount) internal virtual {
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    // Compute the allowance slot and load its value.
                    mstore(0x20, spender)
                    mstore(0x0c, _ALLOWANCE_SLOT_SEED)
                    mstore(0x00, owner)
                    let allowanceSlot := keccak256(0x0c, 0x34)
                    let allowance_ := sload(allowanceSlot)
                    // If the allowance is not the maximum uint256 value.
                    if add(allowance_, 1) {
                        // Revert if the amount to be transferred exceeds the allowance.
                        if gt(amount, allowance_) {
                            mstore(0x00, 0x13be252b) // `InsufficientAllowance()`.
                            revert(0x1c, 0x04)
                        }
                        // Subtract and store the updated allowance.
                        sstore(allowanceSlot, sub(allowance_, amount))
                    }
                }
            }
            /// @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the tokens of `owner`.
            ///
            /// Emits a {Approval} event.
            function _approve(address owner, address spender, uint256 amount) internal virtual {
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    let owner_ := shl(96, owner)
                    // Compute the allowance slot and store the amount.
                    mstore(0x20, spender)
                    mstore(0x0c, or(owner_, _ALLOWANCE_SLOT_SEED))
                    sstore(keccak256(0x0c, 0x34), amount)
                    // Emit the {Approval} event.
                    mstore(0x00, amount)
                    log3(0x00, 0x20, _APPROVAL_EVENT_SIGNATURE, shr(96, owner_), shr(96, mload(0x2c)))
                }
            }
            /*´:°•.°+.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°•.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°+.*•´.*:*/
            /*                     HOOKS TO OVERRIDE                      */
            /*.•°:°.´+˚.*°.˚:*.´•*.+°.•°:´*.´•*.•°.•°:°.´:•˚°.*°.˚:*.´+°.•*/
            /// @dev Hook that is called before any transfer of tokens.
            /// This includes minting and burning.
            function _beforeTokenTransfer(address from, address to, uint256 amount) internal virtual {}
            /// @dev Hook that is called after any transfer of tokens.
            /// This includes minting and burning.
            function _afterTokenTransfer(address from, address to, uint256 amount) internal virtual {}
        }
        // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
        pragma solidity ^0.8.4;
        /// @notice Gas optimized verification of proof of inclusion for a leaf in a Merkle tree.
        /// @author Solady (https://github.com/vectorized/solady/blob/main/src/utils/MerkleProofLib.sol)
        /// @author Modified from Solmate (https://github.com/transmissions11/solmate/blob/main/src/utils/MerkleProofLib.sol)
        /// @author Modified from OpenZeppelin (https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/blob/master/contracts/utils/cryptography/MerkleProof.sol)
        library MerkleProofLib {
            /*´:°•.°+.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°•.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°+.*•´.*:*/
            /*            MERKLE PROOF VERIFICATION OPERATIONS            */
            /*.•°:°.´+˚.*°.˚:*.´•*.+°.•°:´*.´•*.•°.•°:°.´:•˚°.*°.˚:*.´+°.•*/
            /// @dev Returns whether `leaf` exists in the Merkle tree with `root`, given `proof`.
            function verify(bytes32[] memory proof, bytes32 root, bytes32 leaf)
                internal
                pure
                returns (bool isValid)
            {
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    if mload(proof) {
                        // Initialize `offset` to the offset of `proof` elements in memory.
                        let offset := add(proof, 0x20)
                        // Left shift by 5 is equivalent to multiplying by 0x20.
                        let end := add(offset, shl(5, mload(proof)))
                        // Iterate over proof elements to compute root hash.
                        for {} 1 {} {
                            // Slot of `leaf` in scratch space.
                            // If the condition is true: 0x20, otherwise: 0x00.
                            let scratch := shl(5, gt(leaf, mload(offset)))
                            // Store elements to hash contiguously in scratch space.
                            // Scratch space is 64 bytes (0x00 - 0x3f) and both elements are 32 bytes.
                            mstore(scratch, leaf)
                            mstore(xor(scratch, 0x20), mload(offset))
                            // Reuse `leaf` to store the hash to reduce stack operations.
                            leaf := keccak256(0x00, 0x40)
                            offset := add(offset, 0x20)
                            if iszero(lt(offset, end)) { break }
                        }
                    }
                    isValid := eq(leaf, root)
                }
            }
            /// @dev Returns whether `leaf` exists in the Merkle tree with `root`, given `proof`.
            function verifyCalldata(bytes32[] calldata proof, bytes32 root, bytes32 leaf)
                internal
                pure
                returns (bool isValid)
            {
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    if proof.length {
                        // Left shift by 5 is equivalent to multiplying by 0x20.
                        let end := add(proof.offset, shl(5, proof.length))
                        // Initialize `offset` to the offset of `proof` in the calldata.
                        let offset := proof.offset
                        // Iterate over proof elements to compute root hash.
                        for {} 1 {} {
                            // Slot of `leaf` in scratch space.
                            // If the condition is true: 0x20, otherwise: 0x00.
                            let scratch := shl(5, gt(leaf, calldataload(offset)))
                            // Store elements to hash contiguously in scratch space.
                            // Scratch space is 64 bytes (0x00 - 0x3f) and both elements are 32 bytes.
                            mstore(scratch, leaf)
                            mstore(xor(scratch, 0x20), calldataload(offset))
                            // Reuse `leaf` to store the hash to reduce stack operations.
                            leaf := keccak256(0x00, 0x40)
                            offset := add(offset, 0x20)
                            if iszero(lt(offset, end)) { break }
                        }
                    }
                    isValid := eq(leaf, root)
                }
            }
            /// @dev Returns whether all `leaves` exist in the Merkle tree with `root`,
            /// given `proof` and `flags`.
            ///
            /// Note:
            /// - Breaking the invariant `flags.length == (leaves.length - 1) + proof.length`
            ///   will always return false.
            /// - The sum of the lengths of `proof` and `leaves` must never overflow.
            /// - Any non-zero word in the `flags` array is treated as true.
            /// - The memory offset of `proof` must be non-zero
            ///   (i.e. `proof` is not pointing to the scratch space).
            function verifyMultiProof(
                bytes32[] memory proof,
                bytes32 root,
                bytes32[] memory leaves,
                bool[] memory flags
            ) internal pure returns (bool isValid) {
                // Rebuilds the root by consuming and producing values on a queue.
                // The queue starts with the `leaves` array, and goes into a `hashes` array.
                // After the process, the last element on the queue is verified
                // to be equal to the `root`.
                //
                // The `flags` array denotes whether the sibling
                // should be popped from the queue (`flag == true`), or
                // should be popped from the `proof` (`flag == false`).
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    // Cache the lengths of the arrays.
                    let leavesLength := mload(leaves)
                    let proofLength := mload(proof)
                    let flagsLength := mload(flags)
                    // Advance the pointers of the arrays to point to the data.
                    leaves := add(0x20, leaves)
                    proof := add(0x20, proof)
                    flags := add(0x20, flags)
                    // If the number of flags is correct.
                    for {} eq(add(leavesLength, proofLength), add(flagsLength, 1)) {} {
                        // For the case where `proof.length + leaves.length == 1`.
                        if iszero(flagsLength) {
                            // `isValid = (proof.length == 1 ? proof[0] : leaves[0]) == root`.
                            isValid := eq(mload(xor(leaves, mul(xor(proof, leaves), proofLength))), root)
                            break
                        }
                        // The required final proof offset if `flagsLength` is not zero, otherwise zero.
                        let proofEnd := add(proof, shl(5, proofLength))
                        // We can use the free memory space for the queue.
                        // We don't need to allocate, since the queue is temporary.
                        let hashesFront := mload(0x40)
                        // Copy the leaves into the hashes.
                        // Sometimes, a little memory expansion costs less than branching.
                        // Should cost less, even with a high free memory offset of 0x7d00.
                        leavesLength := shl(5, leavesLength)
                        for { let i := 0 } iszero(eq(i, leavesLength)) { i := add(i, 0x20) } {
                            mstore(add(hashesFront, i), mload(add(leaves, i)))
                        }
                        // Compute the back of the hashes.
                        let hashesBack := add(hashesFront, leavesLength)
                        // This is the end of the memory for the queue.
                        // We recycle `flagsLength` to save on stack variables (sometimes save gas).
                        flagsLength := add(hashesBack, shl(5, flagsLength))
                        for {} 1 {} {
                            // Pop from `hashes`.
                            let a := mload(hashesFront)
                            // Pop from `hashes`.
                            let b := mload(add(hashesFront, 0x20))
                            hashesFront := add(hashesFront, 0x40)
                            // If the flag is false, load the next proof,
                            // else, pops from the queue.
                            if iszero(mload(flags)) {
                                // Loads the next proof.
                                b := mload(proof)
                                proof := add(proof, 0x20)
                                // Unpop from `hashes`.
                                hashesFront := sub(hashesFront, 0x20)
                            }
                            // Advance to the next flag.
                            flags := add(flags, 0x20)
                            // Slot of `a` in scratch space.
                            // If the condition is true: 0x20, otherwise: 0x00.
                            let scratch := shl(5, gt(a, b))
                            // Hash the scratch space and push the result onto the queue.
                            mstore(scratch, a)
                            mstore(xor(scratch, 0x20), b)
                            mstore(hashesBack, keccak256(0x00, 0x40))
                            hashesBack := add(hashesBack, 0x20)
                            if iszero(lt(hashesBack, flagsLength)) { break }
                        }
                        isValid :=
                            and(
                                // Checks if the last value in the queue is same as the root.
                                eq(mload(sub(hashesBack, 0x20)), root),
                                // And whether all the proofs are used, if required.
                                eq(proofEnd, proof)
                            )
                        break
                    }
                }
            }
            /// @dev Returns whether all `leaves` exist in the Merkle tree with `root`,
            /// given `proof` and `flags`.
            ///
            /// Note:
            /// - Breaking the invariant `flags.length == (leaves.length - 1) + proof.length`
            ///   will always return false.
            /// - Any non-zero word in the `flags` array is treated as true.
            /// - The calldata offset of `proof` must be non-zero
            ///   (i.e. `proof` is from a regular Solidity function with a 4-byte selector).
            function verifyMultiProofCalldata(
                bytes32[] calldata proof,
                bytes32 root,
                bytes32[] calldata leaves,
                bool[] calldata flags
            ) internal pure returns (bool isValid) {
                // Rebuilds the root by consuming and producing values on a queue.
                // The queue starts with the `leaves` array, and goes into a `hashes` array.
                // After the process, the last element on the queue is verified
                // to be equal to the `root`.
                //
                // The `flags` array denotes whether the sibling
                // should be popped from the queue (`flag == true`), or
                // should be popped from the `proof` (`flag == false`).
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    // If the number of flags is correct.
                    for {} eq(add(leaves.length, proof.length), add(flags.length, 1)) {} {
                        // For the case where `proof.length + leaves.length == 1`.
                        if iszero(flags.length) {
                            // `isValid = (proof.length == 1 ? proof[0] : leaves[0]) == root`.
                            // forgefmt: disable-next-item
                            isValid := eq(
                                calldataload(
                                    xor(leaves.offset, mul(xor(proof.offset, leaves.offset), proof.length))
                                ),
                                root
                            )
                            break
                        }
                        // The required final proof offset if `flagsLength` is not zero, otherwise zero.
                        let proofEnd := add(proof.offset, shl(5, proof.length))
                        // We can use the free memory space for the queue.
                        // We don't need to allocate, since the queue is temporary.
                        let hashesFront := mload(0x40)
                        // Copy the leaves into the hashes.
                        // Sometimes, a little memory expansion costs less than branching.
                        // Should cost less, even with a high free memory offset of 0x7d00.
                        calldatacopy(hashesFront, leaves.offset, shl(5, leaves.length))
                        // Compute the back of the hashes.
                        let hashesBack := add(hashesFront, shl(5, leaves.length))
                        // This is the end of the memory for the queue.
                        // We recycle `flagsLength` to save on stack variables (sometimes save gas).
                        flags.length := add(hashesBack, shl(5, flags.length))
                        // We don't need to make a copy of `proof.offset` or `flags.offset`,
                        // as they are pass-by-value (this trick may not always save gas).
                        for {} 1 {} {
                            // Pop from `hashes`.
                            let a := mload(hashesFront)
                            // Pop from `hashes`.
                            let b := mload(add(hashesFront, 0x20))
                            hashesFront := add(hashesFront, 0x40)
                            // If the flag is false, load the next proof,
                            // else, pops from the queue.
                            if iszero(calldataload(flags.offset)) {
                                // Loads the next proof.
                                b := calldataload(proof.offset)
                                proof.offset := add(proof.offset, 0x20)
                                // Unpop from `hashes`.
                                hashesFront := sub(hashesFront, 0x20)
                            }
                            // Advance to the next flag offset.
                            flags.offset := add(flags.offset, 0x20)
                            // Slot of `a` in scratch space.
                            // If the condition is true: 0x20, otherwise: 0x00.
                            let scratch := shl(5, gt(a, b))
                            // Hash the scratch space and push the result onto the queue.
                            mstore(scratch, a)
                            mstore(xor(scratch, 0x20), b)
                            mstore(hashesBack, keccak256(0x00, 0x40))
                            hashesBack := add(hashesBack, 0x20)
                            if iszero(lt(hashesBack, flags.length)) { break }
                        }
                        isValid :=
                            and(
                                // Checks if the last value in the queue is same as the root.
                                eq(mload(sub(hashesBack, 0x20)), root),
                                // And whether all the proofs are used, if required.
                                eq(proofEnd, proof.offset)
                            )
                        break
                    }
                }
            }
            /*´:°•.°+.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°•.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°+.*•´.*:*/
            /*                   EMPTY CALLDATA HELPERS                   */
            /*.•°:°.´+˚.*°.˚:*.´•*.+°.•°:´*.´•*.•°.•°:°.´:•˚°.*°.˚:*.´+°.•*/
            /// @dev Returns an empty calldata bytes32 array.
            function emptyProof() internal pure returns (bytes32[] calldata proof) {
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    proof.length := 0
                }
            }
            /// @dev Returns an empty calldata bytes32 array.
            function emptyLeaves() internal pure returns (bytes32[] calldata leaves) {
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    leaves.length := 0
                }
            }
            /// @dev Returns an empty calldata bool array.
            function emptyFlags() internal pure returns (bool[] calldata flags) {
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    flags.length := 0
                }
            }
        }
        // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
        pragma solidity ^0.8.4;
        /// @notice Gas optimized ECDSA wrapper.
        /// @author Solady (https://github.com/vectorized/solady/blob/main/src/utils/ECDSA.sol)
        /// @author Modified from Solmate (https://github.com/transmissions11/solmate/blob/main/src/utils/ECDSA.sol)
        /// @author Modified from OpenZeppelin (https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/blob/master/contracts/utils/cryptography/ECDSA.sol)
        ///
        /// @dev Note:
        /// - The recovery functions use the ecrecover precompile (0x1).
        /// - As of Solady version 0.0.68, the `recover` variants will revert upon recovery failure.
        ///   This is for more safety by default.
        ///   Use the `tryRecover` variants if you need to get the zero address back
        ///   upon recovery failure instead.
        /// - As of Solady version 0.0.134, all `bytes signature` variants accept both
        ///   regular 65-byte `(r, s, v)` and EIP-2098 `(r, vs)` short form signatures.
        ///   See: https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2098
        ///   This is for calldata efficiency on smart accounts prevalent on L2s.
        ///
        /// WARNING! Do NOT use signatures as unique identifiers:
        /// - Use a nonce in the digest to prevent replay attacks on the same contract.
        /// - Use EIP-712 for the digest to prevent replay attacks across different chains and contracts.
        ///   EIP-712 also enables readable signing of typed data for better user safety.
        /// This implementation does NOT check if a signature is non-malleable.
        library ECDSA {
            /*´:°•.°+.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°•.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°+.*•´.*:*/
            /*                        CUSTOM ERRORS                       */
            /*.•°:°.´+˚.*°.˚:*.´•*.+°.•°:´*.´•*.•°.•°:°.´:•˚°.*°.˚:*.´+°.•*/
            /// @dev The signature is invalid.
            error InvalidSignature();
            /*´:°•.°+.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°•.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°+.*•´.*:*/
            /*                    RECOVERY OPERATIONS                     */
            /*.•°:°.´+˚.*°.˚:*.´•*.+°.•°:´*.´•*.•°.•°:°.´:•˚°.*°.˚:*.´+°.•*/
            /// @dev Recovers the signer's address from a message digest `hash`, and the `signature`.
            function recover(bytes32 hash, bytes memory signature) internal view returns (address result) {
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    result := 1
                    let m := mload(0x40) // Cache the free memory pointer.
                    for {} 1 {} {
                        mstore(0x00, hash)
                        mstore(0x40, mload(add(signature, 0x20))) // `r`.
                        if eq(mload(signature), 64) {
                            let vs := mload(add(signature, 0x40))
                            mstore(0x20, add(shr(255, vs), 27)) // `v`.
                            mstore(0x60, shr(1, shl(1, vs))) // `s`.
                            break
                        }
                        if eq(mload(signature), 65) {
                            mstore(0x20, byte(0, mload(add(signature, 0x60)))) // `v`.
                            mstore(0x60, mload(add(signature, 0x40))) // `s`.
                            break
                        }
                        result := 0
                        break
                    }
                    result :=
                        mload(
                            staticcall(
                                gas(), // Amount of gas left for the transaction.
                                result, // Address of `ecrecover`.
                                0x00, // Start of input.
                                0x80, // Size of input.
                                0x01, // Start of output.
                                0x20 // Size of output.
                            )
                        )
                    // `returndatasize()` will be `0x20` upon success, and `0x00` otherwise.
                    if iszero(returndatasize()) {
                        mstore(0x00, 0x8baa579f) // `InvalidSignature()`.
                        revert(0x1c, 0x04)
                    }
                    mstore(0x60, 0) // Restore the zero slot.
                    mstore(0x40, m) // Restore the free memory pointer.
                }
            }
            /// @dev Recovers the signer's address from a message digest `hash`, and the `signature`.
            function recoverCalldata(bytes32 hash, bytes calldata signature)
                internal
                view
                returns (address result)
            {
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    result := 1
                    let m := mload(0x40) // Cache the free memory pointer.
                    mstore(0x00, hash)
                    for {} 1 {} {
                        if eq(signature.length, 64) {
                            let vs := calldataload(add(signature.offset, 0x20))
                            mstore(0x20, add(shr(255, vs), 27)) // `v`.
                            mstore(0x40, calldataload(signature.offset)) // `r`.
                            mstore(0x60, shr(1, shl(1, vs))) // `s`.
                            break
                        }
                        if eq(signature.length, 65) {
                            mstore(0x20, byte(0, calldataload(add(signature.offset, 0x40)))) // `v`.
                            calldatacopy(0x40, signature.offset, 0x40) // Copy `r` and `s`.
                            break
                        }
                        result := 0
                        break
                    }
                    result :=
                        mload(
                            staticcall(
                                gas(), // Amount of gas left for the transaction.
                                result, // Address of `ecrecover`.
                                0x00, // Start of input.
                                0x80, // Size of input.
                                0x01, // Start of output.
                                0x20 // Size of output.
                            )
                        )
                    // `returndatasize()` will be `0x20` upon success, and `0x00` otherwise.
                    if iszero(returndatasize()) {
                        mstore(0x00, 0x8baa579f) // `InvalidSignature()`.
                        revert(0x1c, 0x04)
                    }
                    mstore(0x60, 0) // Restore the zero slot.
                    mstore(0x40, m) // Restore the free memory pointer.
                }
            }
            /// @dev Recovers the signer's address from a message digest `hash`,
            /// and the EIP-2098 short form signature defined by `r` and `vs`.
            function recover(bytes32 hash, bytes32 r, bytes32 vs) internal view returns (address result) {
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    let m := mload(0x40) // Cache the free memory pointer.
                    mstore(0x00, hash)
                    mstore(0x20, add(shr(255, vs), 27)) // `v`.
                    mstore(0x40, r)
                    mstore(0x60, shr(1, shl(1, vs))) // `s`.
                    result :=
                        mload(
                            staticcall(
                                gas(), // Amount of gas left for the transaction.
                                1, // Address of `ecrecover`.
                                0x00, // Start of input.
                                0x80, // Size of input.
                                0x01, // Start of output.
                                0x20 // Size of output.
                            )
                        )
                    // `returndatasize()` will be `0x20` upon success, and `0x00` otherwise.
                    if iszero(returndatasize()) {
                        mstore(0x00, 0x8baa579f) // `InvalidSignature()`.
                        revert(0x1c, 0x04)
                    }
                    mstore(0x60, 0) // Restore the zero slot.
                    mstore(0x40, m) // Restore the free memory pointer.
                }
            }
            /// @dev Recovers the signer's address from a message digest `hash`,
            /// and the signature defined by `v`, `r`, `s`.
            function recover(bytes32 hash, uint8 v, bytes32 r, bytes32 s)
                internal
                view
                returns (address result)
            {
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    let m := mload(0x40) // Cache the free memory pointer.
                    mstore(0x00, hash)
                    mstore(0x20, and(v, 0xff))
                    mstore(0x40, r)
                    mstore(0x60, s)
                    result :=
                        mload(
                            staticcall(
                                gas(), // Amount of gas left for the transaction.
                                1, // Address of `ecrecover`.
                                0x00, // Start of input.
                                0x80, // Size of input.
                                0x01, // Start of output.
                                0x20 // Size of output.
                            )
                        )
                    // `returndatasize()` will be `0x20` upon success, and `0x00` otherwise.
                    if iszero(returndatasize()) {
                        mstore(0x00, 0x8baa579f) // `InvalidSignature()`.
                        revert(0x1c, 0x04)
                    }
                    mstore(0x60, 0) // Restore the zero slot.
                    mstore(0x40, m) // Restore the free memory pointer.
                }
            }
            /*´:°•.°+.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°•.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°+.*•´.*:*/
            /*                   TRY-RECOVER OPERATIONS                   */
            /*.•°:°.´+˚.*°.˚:*.´•*.+°.•°:´*.´•*.•°.•°:°.´:•˚°.*°.˚:*.´+°.•*/
            // WARNING!
            // These functions will NOT revert upon recovery failure.
            // Instead, they will return the zero address upon recovery failure.
            // It is critical that the returned address is NEVER compared against
            // a zero address (e.g. an uninitialized address variable).
            /// @dev Recovers the signer's address from a message digest `hash`, and the `signature`.
            function tryRecover(bytes32 hash, bytes memory signature)
                internal
                view
                returns (address result)
            {
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    result := 1
                    let m := mload(0x40) // Cache the free memory pointer.
                    for {} 1 {} {
                        mstore(0x00, hash)
                        mstore(0x40, mload(add(signature, 0x20))) // `r`.
                        if eq(mload(signature), 64) {
                            let vs := mload(add(signature, 0x40))
                            mstore(0x20, add(shr(255, vs), 27)) // `v`.
                            mstore(0x60, shr(1, shl(1, vs))) // `s`.
                            break
                        }
                        if eq(mload(signature), 65) {
                            mstore(0x20, byte(0, mload(add(signature, 0x60)))) // `v`.
                            mstore(0x60, mload(add(signature, 0x40))) // `s`.
                            break
                        }
                        result := 0
                        break
                    }
                    pop(
                        staticcall(
                            gas(), // Amount of gas left for the transaction.
                            result, // Address of `ecrecover`.
                            0x00, // Start of input.
                            0x80, // Size of input.
                            0x40, // Start of output.
                            0x20 // Size of output.
                        )
                    )
                    mstore(0x60, 0) // Restore the zero slot.
                    // `returndatasize()` will be `0x20` upon success, and `0x00` otherwise.
                    result := mload(xor(0x60, returndatasize()))
                    mstore(0x40, m) // Restore the free memory pointer.
                }
            }
            /// @dev Recovers the signer's address from a message digest `hash`, and the `signature`.
            function tryRecoverCalldata(bytes32 hash, bytes calldata signature)
                internal
                view
                returns (address result)
            {
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    result := 1
                    let m := mload(0x40) // Cache the free memory pointer.
                    mstore(0x00, hash)
                    for {} 1 {} {
                        if eq(signature.length, 64) {
                            let vs := calldataload(add(signature.offset, 0x20))
                            mstore(0x20, add(shr(255, vs), 27)) // `v`.
                            mstore(0x40, calldataload(signature.offset)) // `r`.
                            mstore(0x60, shr(1, shl(1, vs))) // `s`.
                            break
                        }
                        if eq(signature.length, 65) {
                            mstore(0x20, byte(0, calldataload(add(signature.offset, 0x40)))) // `v`.
                            calldatacopy(0x40, signature.offset, 0x40) // Copy `r` and `s`.
                            break
                        }
                        result := 0
                        break
                    }
                    pop(
                        staticcall(
                            gas(), // Amount of gas left for the transaction.
                            result, // Address of `ecrecover`.
                            0x00, // Start of input.
                            0x80, // Size of input.
                            0x40, // Start of output.
                            0x20 // Size of output.
                        )
                    )
                    mstore(0x60, 0) // Restore the zero slot.
                    // `returndatasize()` will be `0x20` upon success, and `0x00` otherwise.
                    result := mload(xor(0x60, returndatasize()))
                    mstore(0x40, m) // Restore the free memory pointer.
                }
            }
            /// @dev Recovers the signer's address from a message digest `hash`,
            /// and the EIP-2098 short form signature defined by `r` and `vs`.
            function tryRecover(bytes32 hash, bytes32 r, bytes32 vs)
                internal
                view
                returns (address result)
            {
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    let m := mload(0x40) // Cache the free memory pointer.
                    mstore(0x00, hash)
                    mstore(0x20, add(shr(255, vs), 27)) // `v`.
                    mstore(0x40, r)
                    mstore(0x60, shr(1, shl(1, vs))) // `s`.
                    pop(
                        staticcall(
                            gas(), // Amount of gas left for the transaction.
                            1, // Address of `ecrecover`.
                            0x00, // Start of input.
                            0x80, // Size of input.
                            0x40, // Start of output.
                            0x20 // Size of output.
                        )
                    )
                    mstore(0x60, 0) // Restore the zero slot.
                    // `returndatasize()` will be `0x20` upon success, and `0x00` otherwise.
                    result := mload(xor(0x60, returndatasize()))
                    mstore(0x40, m) // Restore the free memory pointer.
                }
            }
            /// @dev Recovers the signer's address from a message digest `hash`,
            /// and the signature defined by `v`, `r`, `s`.
            function tryRecover(bytes32 hash, uint8 v, bytes32 r, bytes32 s)
                internal
                view
                returns (address result)
            {
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    let m := mload(0x40) // Cache the free memory pointer.
                    mstore(0x00, hash)
                    mstore(0x20, and(v, 0xff))
                    mstore(0x40, r)
                    mstore(0x60, s)
                    pop(
                        staticcall(
                            gas(), // Amount of gas left for the transaction.
                            1, // Address of `ecrecover`.
                            0x00, // Start of input.
                            0x80, // Size of input.
                            0x40, // Start of output.
                            0x20 // Size of output.
                        )
                    )
                    mstore(0x60, 0) // Restore the zero slot.
                    // `returndatasize()` will be `0x20` upon success, and `0x00` otherwise.
                    result := mload(xor(0x60, returndatasize()))
                    mstore(0x40, m) // Restore the free memory pointer.
                }
            }
            /*´:°•.°+.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°•.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°+.*•´.*:*/
            /*                     HASHING OPERATIONS                     */
            /*.•°:°.´+˚.*°.˚:*.´•*.+°.•°:´*.´•*.•°.•°:°.´:•˚°.*°.˚:*.´+°.•*/
            /// @dev Returns an Ethereum Signed Message, created from a `hash`.
            /// This produces a hash corresponding to the one signed with the
            /// [`eth_sign`](https://eth.wiki/json-rpc/API#eth_sign)
            /// JSON-RPC method as part of EIP-191.
            function toEthSignedMessageHash(bytes32 hash) internal pure returns (bytes32 result) {
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    mstore(0x20, hash) // Store into scratch space for keccak256.
                    mstore(0x00, "\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\
        32") // 28 bytes.
                    result := keccak256(0x04, 0x3c) // `32 * 2 - (32 - 28) = 60 = 0x3c`.
                }
            }
            /// @dev Returns an Ethereum Signed Message, created from `s`.
            /// This produces a hash corresponding to the one signed with the
            /// [`eth_sign`](https://eth.wiki/json-rpc/API#eth_sign)
            /// JSON-RPC method as part of EIP-191.
            /// Note: Supports lengths of `s` up to 999999 bytes.
            function toEthSignedMessageHash(bytes memory s) internal pure returns (bytes32 result) {
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    let sLength := mload(s)
                    let o := 0x20
                    mstore(o, "\\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\
        ") // 26 bytes, zero-right-padded.
                    mstore(0x00, 0x00)
                    // Convert the `s.length` to ASCII decimal representation: `base10(s.length)`.
                    for { let temp := sLength } 1 {} {
                        o := sub(o, 1)
                        mstore8(o, add(48, mod(temp, 10)))
                        temp := div(temp, 10)
                        if iszero(temp) { break }
                    }
                    let n := sub(0x3a, o) // Header length: `26 + 32 - o`.
                    // Throw an out-of-offset error (consumes all gas) if the header exceeds 32 bytes.
                    returndatacopy(returndatasize(), returndatasize(), gt(n, 0x20))
                    mstore(s, or(mload(0x00), mload(n))) // Temporarily store the header.
                    result := keccak256(add(s, sub(0x20, n)), add(n, sLength))
                    mstore(s, sLength) // Restore the length.
                }
            }
            /*´:°•.°+.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°•.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°+.*•´.*:*/
            /*                   EMPTY CALLDATA HELPERS                   */
            /*.•°:°.´+˚.*°.˚:*.´•*.+°.•°:´*.´•*.•°.•°:°.´:•˚°.*°.˚:*.´+°.•*/
            /// @dev Returns an empty calldata bytes.
            function emptySignature() internal pure returns (bytes calldata signature) {
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    signature.length := 0
                }
            }
        }
        // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
        // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (access/Ownable2Step.sol)
        pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
        import {Ownable} from "./Ownable.sol";
        /**
         * @dev Contract module which provides access control mechanism, where
         * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
         * specific functions.
         *
         * The initial owner is specified at deployment time in the constructor for `Ownable`. This
         * can later be changed with {transferOwnership} and {acceptOwnership}.
         *
         * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available all functions
         * from parent (Ownable).
         */
        abstract contract Ownable2Step is Ownable {
            address private _pendingOwner;
            event OwnershipTransferStarted(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);
            /**
             * @dev Returns the address of the pending owner.
             */
            function pendingOwner() public view virtual returns (address) {
                return _pendingOwner;
            }
            /**
             * @dev Starts the ownership transfer of the contract to a new account. Replaces the pending transfer if there is one.
             * Can only be called by the current owner.
             */
            function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual override onlyOwner {
                _pendingOwner = newOwner;
                emit OwnershipTransferStarted(owner(), newOwner);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`) and deletes any pending owner.
             * Internal function without access restriction.
             */
            function _transferOwnership(address newOwner) internal virtual override {
                delete _pendingOwner;
                super._transferOwnership(newOwner);
            }
            /**
             * @dev The new owner accepts the ownership transfer.
             */
            function acceptOwnership() public virtual {
                address sender = _msgSender();
                if (pendingOwner() != sender) {
                    revert OwnableUnauthorizedAccount(sender);
                }
                _transferOwnership(sender);
            }
        }
        // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
        // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (access/Ownable.sol)
        pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
        import {Context} from "../utils/Context.sol";
        /**
         * @dev Contract module which provides a basic access control mechanism, where
         * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
         * specific functions.
         *
         * The initial owner is set to the address provided by the deployer. This can
         * later be changed with {transferOwnership}.
         *
         * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the modifier
         * `onlyOwner`, which can be applied to your functions to restrict their use to
         * the owner.
         */
        abstract contract Ownable is Context {
            address private _owner;
            /**
             * @dev The caller account is not authorized to perform an operation.
             */
            error OwnableUnauthorizedAccount(address account);
            /**
             * @dev The owner is not a valid owner account. (eg. `address(0)`)
             */
            error OwnableInvalidOwner(address owner);
            event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);
            /**
             * @dev Initializes the contract setting the address provided by the deployer as the initial owner.
             */
            constructor(address initialOwner) {
                if (initialOwner == address(0)) {
                    revert OwnableInvalidOwner(address(0));
                }
                _transferOwnership(initialOwner);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
             */
            modifier onlyOwner() {
                _checkOwner();
                _;
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the address of the current owner.
             */
            function owner() public view virtual returns (address) {
                return _owner;
            }
            /**
             * @dev Throws if the sender is not the owner.
             */
            function _checkOwner() internal view virtual {
                if (owner() != _msgSender()) {
                    revert OwnableUnauthorizedAccount(_msgSender());
                }
            }
            /**
             * @dev Leaves the contract without owner. It will not be possible to call
             * `onlyOwner` functions. Can only be called by the current owner.
             *
             * NOTE: Renouncing ownership will leave the contract without an owner,
             * thereby disabling any functionality that is only available to the owner.
             */
            function renounceOwnership() public virtual onlyOwner {
                _transferOwnership(address(0));
            }
            /**
             * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
             * Can only be called by the current owner.
             */
            function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual onlyOwner {
                if (newOwner == address(0)) {
                    revert OwnableInvalidOwner(address(0));
                }
                _transferOwnership(newOwner);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
             * Internal function without access restriction.
             */
            function _transferOwnership(address newOwner) internal virtual {
                address oldOwner = _owner;
                _owner = newOwner;
                emit OwnershipTransferred(oldOwner, newOwner);
            }
        }
        // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
        // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.1) (utils/Context.sol)
        pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
        /**
         * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
         * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
         * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
         * manner, since when dealing with meta-transactions the account sending and
         * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
         * is concerned).
         *
         * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
         */
        abstract contract Context {
            function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address) {
                return msg.sender;
            }
            function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes calldata) {
                return msg.data;
            }
            function _contextSuffixLength() internal view virtual returns (uint256) {
                return 0;
            }
        }
        

        File 2 of 3: TransparentUpgradeableProxy
        // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
        // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (proxy/transparent/TransparentUpgradeableProxy.sol)
        pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
        import "../ERC1967/ERC1967Proxy.sol";
        /**
         * @dev Interface for {TransparentUpgradeableProxy}. In order to implement transparency, {TransparentUpgradeableProxy}
         * does not implement this interface directly, and some of its functions are implemented by an internal dispatch
         * mechanism. The compiler is unaware that these functions are implemented by {TransparentUpgradeableProxy} and will not
         * include them in the ABI so this interface must be used to interact with it.
         */
        interface ITransparentUpgradeableProxy is IERC1967 {
            function admin() external view returns (address);
            function implementation() external view returns (address);
            function changeAdmin(address) external;
            function upgradeTo(address) external;
            function upgradeToAndCall(address, bytes memory) external payable;
        }
        /**
         * @dev This contract implements a proxy that is upgradeable by an admin.
         *
         * To avoid https://medium.com/nomic-labs-blog/malicious-backdoors-in-ethereum-proxies-62629adf3357[proxy selector
         * clashing], which can potentially be used in an attack, this contract uses the
         * https://blog.openzeppelin.com/the-transparent-proxy-pattern/[transparent proxy pattern]. This pattern implies two
         * things that go hand in hand:
         *
         * 1. If any account other than the admin calls the proxy, the call will be forwarded to the implementation, even if
         * that call matches one of the admin functions exposed by the proxy itself.
         * 2. If the admin calls the proxy, it can access the admin functions, but its calls will never be forwarded to the
         * implementation. If the admin tries to call a function on the implementation it will fail with an error that says
         * "admin cannot fallback to proxy target".
         *
         * These properties mean that the admin account can only be used for admin actions like upgrading the proxy or changing
         * the admin, so it's best if it's a dedicated account that is not used for anything else. This will avoid headaches due
         * to sudden errors when trying to call a function from the proxy implementation.
         *
         * Our recommendation is for the dedicated account to be an instance of the {ProxyAdmin} contract. If set up this way,
         * you should think of the `ProxyAdmin` instance as the real administrative interface of your proxy.
         *
         * NOTE: The real interface of this proxy is that defined in `ITransparentUpgradeableProxy`. This contract does not
         * inherit from that interface, and instead the admin functions are implicitly implemented using a custom dispatch
         * mechanism in `_fallback`. Consequently, the compiler will not produce an ABI for this contract. This is necessary to
         * fully implement transparency without decoding reverts caused by selector clashes between the proxy and the
         * implementation.
         *
         * WARNING: It is not recommended to extend this contract to add additional external functions. If you do so, the compiler
         * will not check that there are no selector conflicts, due to the note above. A selector clash between any new function
         * and the functions declared in {ITransparentUpgradeableProxy} will be resolved in favor of the new one. This could
         * render the admin operations inaccessible, which could prevent upgradeability. Transparency may also be compromised.
         */
        contract TransparentUpgradeableProxy is ERC1967Proxy {
            /**
             * @dev Initializes an upgradeable proxy managed by `_admin`, backed by the implementation at `_logic`, and
             * optionally initialized with `_data` as explained in {ERC1967Proxy-constructor}.
             */
            constructor(address _logic, address admin_, bytes memory _data) payable ERC1967Proxy(_logic, _data) {
                _changeAdmin(admin_);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Modifier used internally that will delegate the call to the implementation unless the sender is the admin.
             *
             * CAUTION: This modifier is deprecated, as it could cause issues if the modified function has arguments, and the
             * implementation provides a function with the same selector.
             */
            modifier ifAdmin() {
                if (msg.sender == _getAdmin()) {
                    _;
                } else {
                    _fallback();
                }
            }
            /**
             * @dev If caller is the admin process the call internally, otherwise transparently fallback to the proxy behavior
             */
            function _fallback() internal virtual override {
                if (msg.sender == _getAdmin()) {
                    bytes memory ret;
                    bytes4 selector = msg.sig;
                    if (selector == ITransparentUpgradeableProxy.upgradeTo.selector) {
                        ret = _dispatchUpgradeTo();
                    } else if (selector == ITransparentUpgradeableProxy.upgradeToAndCall.selector) {
                        ret = _dispatchUpgradeToAndCall();
                    } else if (selector == ITransparentUpgradeableProxy.changeAdmin.selector) {
                        ret = _dispatchChangeAdmin();
                    } else if (selector == ITransparentUpgradeableProxy.admin.selector) {
                        ret = _dispatchAdmin();
                    } else if (selector == ITransparentUpgradeableProxy.implementation.selector) {
                        ret = _dispatchImplementation();
                    } else {
                        revert("TransparentUpgradeableProxy: admin cannot fallback to proxy target");
                    }
                    assembly {
                        return(add(ret, 0x20), mload(ret))
                    }
                } else {
                    super._fallback();
                }
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the current admin.
             *
             * TIP: To get this value clients can read directly from the storage slot shown below (specified by EIP1967) using the
             * https://eth.wiki/json-rpc/API#eth_getstorageat[`eth_getStorageAt`] RPC call.
             * `0xb53127684a568b3173ae13b9f8a6016e243e63b6e8ee1178d6a717850b5d6103`
             */
            function _dispatchAdmin() private returns (bytes memory) {
                _requireZeroValue();
                address admin = _getAdmin();
                return abi.encode(admin);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the current implementation.
             *
             * TIP: To get this value clients can read directly from the storage slot shown below (specified by EIP1967) using the
             * https://eth.wiki/json-rpc/API#eth_getstorageat[`eth_getStorageAt`] RPC call.
             * `0x360894a13ba1a3210667c828492db98dca3e2076cc3735a920a3ca505d382bbc`
             */
            function _dispatchImplementation() private returns (bytes memory) {
                _requireZeroValue();
                address implementation = _implementation();
                return abi.encode(implementation);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Changes the admin of the proxy.
             *
             * Emits an {AdminChanged} event.
             */
            function _dispatchChangeAdmin() private returns (bytes memory) {
                _requireZeroValue();
                address newAdmin = abi.decode(msg.data[4:], (address));
                _changeAdmin(newAdmin);
                return "";
            }
            /**
             * @dev Upgrade the implementation of the proxy.
             */
            function _dispatchUpgradeTo() private returns (bytes memory) {
                _requireZeroValue();
                address newImplementation = abi.decode(msg.data[4:], (address));
                _upgradeToAndCall(newImplementation, bytes(""), false);
                return "";
            }
            /**
             * @dev Upgrade the implementation of the proxy, and then call a function from the new implementation as specified
             * by `data`, which should be an encoded function call. This is useful to initialize new storage variables in the
             * proxied contract.
             */
            function _dispatchUpgradeToAndCall() private returns (bytes memory) {
                (address newImplementation, bytes memory data) = abi.decode(msg.data[4:], (address, bytes));
                _upgradeToAndCall(newImplementation, data, true);
                return "";
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the current admin.
             *
             * CAUTION: This function is deprecated. Use {ERC1967Upgrade-_getAdmin} instead.
             */
            function _admin() internal view virtual returns (address) {
                return _getAdmin();
            }
            /**
             * @dev To keep this contract fully transparent, all `ifAdmin` functions must be payable. This helper is here to
             * emulate some proxy functions being non-payable while still allowing value to pass through.
             */
            function _requireZeroValue() private {
                require(msg.value == 0);
            }
        }
        // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
        // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (proxy/ERC1967/ERC1967Proxy.sol)
        pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
        import "../Proxy.sol";
        import "./ERC1967Upgrade.sol";
        /**
         * @dev This contract implements an upgradeable proxy. It is upgradeable because calls are delegated to an
         * implementation address that can be changed. This address is stored in storage in the location specified by
         * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1967[EIP1967], so that it doesn't conflict with the storage layout of the
         * implementation behind the proxy.
         */
        contract ERC1967Proxy is Proxy, ERC1967Upgrade {
            /**
             * @dev Initializes the upgradeable proxy with an initial implementation specified by `_logic`.
             *
             * If `_data` is nonempty, it's used as data in a delegate call to `_logic`. This will typically be an encoded
             * function call, and allows initializing the storage of the proxy like a Solidity constructor.
             */
            constructor(address _logic, bytes memory _data) payable {
                _upgradeToAndCall(_logic, _data, false);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the current implementation address.
             */
            function _implementation() internal view virtual override returns (address impl) {
                return ERC1967Upgrade._getImplementation();
            }
        }
        // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
        // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.6.0) (proxy/Proxy.sol)
        pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
        /**
         * @dev This abstract contract provides a fallback function that delegates all calls to another contract using the EVM
         * instruction `delegatecall`. We refer to the second contract as the _implementation_ behind the proxy, and it has to
         * be specified by overriding the virtual {_implementation} function.
         *
         * Additionally, delegation to the implementation can be triggered manually through the {_fallback} function, or to a
         * different contract through the {_delegate} function.
         *
         * The success and return data of the delegated call will be returned back to the caller of the proxy.
         */
        abstract contract Proxy {
            /**
             * @dev Delegates the current call to `implementation`.
             *
             * This function does not return to its internal call site, it will return directly to the external caller.
             */
            function _delegate(address implementation) internal virtual {
                assembly {
                    // Copy msg.data. We take full control of memory in this inline assembly
                    // block because it will not return to Solidity code. We overwrite the
                    // Solidity scratch pad at memory position 0.
                    calldatacopy(0, 0, calldatasize())
                    // Call the implementation.
                    // out and outsize are 0 because we don't know the size yet.
                    let result := delegatecall(gas(), implementation, 0, calldatasize(), 0, 0)
                    // Copy the returned data.
                    returndatacopy(0, 0, returndatasize())
                    switch result
                    // delegatecall returns 0 on error.
                    case 0 {
                        revert(0, returndatasize())
                    }
                    default {
                        return(0, returndatasize())
                    }
                }
            }
            /**
             * @dev This is a virtual function that should be overridden so it returns the address to which the fallback function
             * and {_fallback} should delegate.
             */
            function _implementation() internal view virtual returns (address);
            /**
             * @dev Delegates the current call to the address returned by `_implementation()`.
             *
             * This function does not return to its internal call site, it will return directly to the external caller.
             */
            function _fallback() internal virtual {
                _beforeFallback();
                _delegate(_implementation());
            }
            /**
             * @dev Fallback function that delegates calls to the address returned by `_implementation()`. Will run if no other
             * function in the contract matches the call data.
             */
            fallback() external payable virtual {
                _fallback();
            }
            /**
             * @dev Fallback function that delegates calls to the address returned by `_implementation()`. Will run if call data
             * is empty.
             */
            receive() external payable virtual {
                _fallback();
            }
            /**
             * @dev Hook that is called before falling back to the implementation. Can happen as part of a manual `_fallback`
             * call, or as part of the Solidity `fallback` or `receive` functions.
             *
             * If overridden should call `super._beforeFallback()`.
             */
            function _beforeFallback() internal virtual {}
        }
        // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
        // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (proxy/ERC1967/ERC1967Upgrade.sol)
        pragma solidity ^0.8.2;
        import "../beacon/IBeacon.sol";
        import "../../interfaces/IERC1967.sol";
        import "../../interfaces/draft-IERC1822.sol";
        import "../../utils/Address.sol";
        import "../../utils/StorageSlot.sol";
        /**
         * @dev This abstract contract provides getters and event emitting update functions for
         * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1967[EIP1967] slots.
         *
         * _Available since v4.1._
         */
        abstract contract ERC1967Upgrade is IERC1967 {
            // This is the keccak-256 hash of "eip1967.proxy.rollback" subtracted by 1
            bytes32 private constant _ROLLBACK_SLOT = 0x4910fdfa16fed3260ed0e7147f7cc6da11a60208b5b9406d12a635614ffd9143;
            /**
             * @dev Storage slot with the address of the current implementation.
             * This is the keccak-256 hash of "eip1967.proxy.implementation" subtracted by 1, and is
             * validated in the constructor.
             */
            bytes32 internal constant _IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT = 0x360894a13ba1a3210667c828492db98dca3e2076cc3735a920a3ca505d382bbc;
            /**
             * @dev Returns the current implementation address.
             */
            function _getImplementation() internal view returns (address) {
                return StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value;
            }
            /**
             * @dev Stores a new address in the EIP1967 implementation slot.
             */
            function _setImplementation(address newImplementation) private {
                require(Address.isContract(newImplementation), "ERC1967: new implementation is not a contract");
                StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value = newImplementation;
            }
            /**
             * @dev Perform implementation upgrade
             *
             * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
             */
            function _upgradeTo(address newImplementation) internal {
                _setImplementation(newImplementation);
                emit Upgraded(newImplementation);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Perform implementation upgrade with additional setup call.
             *
             * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
             */
            function _upgradeToAndCall(address newImplementation, bytes memory data, bool forceCall) internal {
                _upgradeTo(newImplementation);
                if (data.length > 0 || forceCall) {
                    Address.functionDelegateCall(newImplementation, data);
                }
            }
            /**
             * @dev Perform implementation upgrade with security checks for UUPS proxies, and additional setup call.
             *
             * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
             */
            function _upgradeToAndCallUUPS(address newImplementation, bytes memory data, bool forceCall) internal {
                // Upgrades from old implementations will perform a rollback test. This test requires the new
                // implementation to upgrade back to the old, non-ERC1822 compliant, implementation. Removing
                // this special case will break upgrade paths from old UUPS implementation to new ones.
                if (StorageSlot.getBooleanSlot(_ROLLBACK_SLOT).value) {
                    _setImplementation(newImplementation);
                } else {
                    try IERC1822Proxiable(newImplementation).proxiableUUID() returns (bytes32 slot) {
                        require(slot == _IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT, "ERC1967Upgrade: unsupported proxiableUUID");
                    } catch {
                        revert("ERC1967Upgrade: new implementation is not UUPS");
                    }
                    _upgradeToAndCall(newImplementation, data, forceCall);
                }
            }
            /**
             * @dev Storage slot with the admin of the contract.
             * This is the keccak-256 hash of "eip1967.proxy.admin" subtracted by 1, and is
             * validated in the constructor.
             */
            bytes32 internal constant _ADMIN_SLOT = 0xb53127684a568b3173ae13b9f8a6016e243e63b6e8ee1178d6a717850b5d6103;
            /**
             * @dev Returns the current admin.
             */
            function _getAdmin() internal view returns (address) {
                return StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_ADMIN_SLOT).value;
            }
            /**
             * @dev Stores a new address in the EIP1967 admin slot.
             */
            function _setAdmin(address newAdmin) private {
                require(newAdmin != address(0), "ERC1967: new admin is the zero address");
                StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_ADMIN_SLOT).value = newAdmin;
            }
            /**
             * @dev Changes the admin of the proxy.
             *
             * Emits an {AdminChanged} event.
             */
            function _changeAdmin(address newAdmin) internal {
                emit AdminChanged(_getAdmin(), newAdmin);
                _setAdmin(newAdmin);
            }
            /**
             * @dev The storage slot of the UpgradeableBeacon contract which defines the implementation for this proxy.
             * This is bytes32(uint256(keccak256('eip1967.proxy.beacon')) - 1)) and is validated in the constructor.
             */
            bytes32 internal constant _BEACON_SLOT = 0xa3f0ad74e5423aebfd80d3ef4346578335a9a72aeaee59ff6cb3582b35133d50;
            /**
             * @dev Returns the current beacon.
             */
            function _getBeacon() internal view returns (address) {
                return StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_BEACON_SLOT).value;
            }
            /**
             * @dev Stores a new beacon in the EIP1967 beacon slot.
             */
            function _setBeacon(address newBeacon) private {
                require(Address.isContract(newBeacon), "ERC1967: new beacon is not a contract");
                require(
                    Address.isContract(IBeacon(newBeacon).implementation()),
                    "ERC1967: beacon implementation is not a contract"
                );
                StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_BEACON_SLOT).value = newBeacon;
            }
            /**
             * @dev Perform beacon upgrade with additional setup call. Note: This upgrades the address of the beacon, it does
             * not upgrade the implementation contained in the beacon (see {UpgradeableBeacon-_setImplementation} for that).
             *
             * Emits a {BeaconUpgraded} event.
             */
            function _upgradeBeaconToAndCall(address newBeacon, bytes memory data, bool forceCall) internal {
                _setBeacon(newBeacon);
                emit BeaconUpgraded(newBeacon);
                if (data.length > 0 || forceCall) {
                    Address.functionDelegateCall(IBeacon(newBeacon).implementation(), data);
                }
            }
        }
        // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
        // OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (proxy/beacon/IBeacon.sol)
        pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
        /**
         * @dev This is the interface that {BeaconProxy} expects of its beacon.
         */
        interface IBeacon {
            /**
             * @dev Must return an address that can be used as a delegate call target.
             *
             * {BeaconProxy} will check that this address is a contract.
             */
            function implementation() external view returns (address);
        }
        // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
        // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (interfaces/IERC1967.sol)
        pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
        /**
         * @dev ERC-1967: Proxy Storage Slots. This interface contains the events defined in the ERC.
         *
         * _Available since v4.8.3._
         */
        interface IERC1967 {
            /**
             * @dev Emitted when the implementation is upgraded.
             */
            event Upgraded(address indexed implementation);
            /**
             * @dev Emitted when the admin account has changed.
             */
            event AdminChanged(address previousAdmin, address newAdmin);
            /**
             * @dev Emitted when the beacon is changed.
             */
            event BeaconUpgraded(address indexed beacon);
        }
        // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
        // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.5.0) (interfaces/draft-IERC1822.sol)
        pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
        /**
         * @dev ERC1822: Universal Upgradeable Proxy Standard (UUPS) documents a method for upgradeability through a simplified
         * proxy whose upgrades are fully controlled by the current implementation.
         */
        interface IERC1822Proxiable {
            /**
             * @dev Returns the storage slot that the proxiable contract assumes is being used to store the implementation
             * address.
             *
             * IMPORTANT: A proxy pointing at a proxiable contract should not be considered proxiable itself, because this risks
             * bricking a proxy that upgrades to it, by delegating to itself until out of gas. Thus it is critical that this
             * function revert if invoked through a proxy.
             */
            function proxiableUUID() external view returns (bytes32);
        }
        // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
        // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/Address.sol)
        pragma solidity ^0.8.1;
        /**
         * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
         */
        library Address {
            /**
             * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract.
             *
             * [IMPORTANT]
             * ====
             * It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this function returns
             * false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a contract.
             *
             * Among others, `isContract` will return false for the following
             * types of addresses:
             *
             *  - an externally-owned account
             *  - a contract in construction
             *  - an address where a contract will be created
             *  - an address where a contract lived, but was destroyed
             *
             * Furthermore, `isContract` will also return true if the target contract within
             * the same transaction is already scheduled for destruction by `SELFDESTRUCT`,
             * which only has an effect at the end of a transaction.
             * ====
             *
             * [IMPORTANT]
             * ====
             * You shouldn't rely on `isContract` to protect against flash loan attacks!
             *
             * Preventing calls from contracts is highly discouraged. It breaks composability, breaks support for smart wallets
             * like Gnosis Safe, and does not provide security since it can be circumvented by calling from a contract
             * constructor.
             * ====
             */
            function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) {
                // This method relies on extcodesize/address.code.length, which returns 0
                // for contracts in construction, since the code is only stored at the end
                // of the constructor execution.
                return account.code.length > 0;
            }
            /**
             * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
             * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
             *
             * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
             * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
             * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
             * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
             *
             * https://consensys.net/diligence/blog/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
             *
             * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
             * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
             * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
             * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.8.0/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
             */
            function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
                require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Address: insufficient balance");
                (bool success, ) = recipient.call{value: amount}("");
                require(success, "Address: unable to send value, recipient may have reverted");
            }
            /**
             * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A
             * plain `call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this
             * function instead.
             *
             * If `target` reverts with a revert reason, it is bubbled up by this
             * function (like regular Solidity function calls).
             *
             * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value,
             * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`].
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - `target` must be a contract.
             * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert.
             *
             * _Available since v3.1._
             */
            function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
                return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, "Address: low-level call failed");
            }
            /**
             * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], but with
             * `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
             *
             * _Available since v3.1._
             */
            function functionCall(
                address target,
                bytes memory data,
                string memory errorMessage
            ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
                return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, errorMessage);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
             * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`.
             * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`.
             *
             * _Available since v3.1._
             */
            function functionCallWithValue(address target, bytes memory data, uint256 value) internal returns (bytes memory) {
                return functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, "Address: low-level call with value failed");
            }
            /**
             * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCallWithValue-address-bytes-uint256-}[`functionCallWithValue`], but
             * with `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
             *
             * _Available since v3.1._
             */
            function functionCallWithValue(
                address target,
                bytes memory data,
                uint256 value,
                string memory errorMessage
            ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
                require(address(this).balance >= value, "Address: insufficient balance for call");
                (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{value: value}(data);
                return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
             * but performing a static call.
             *
             * _Available since v3.3._
             */
            function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
                return functionStaticCall(target, data, "Address: low-level static call failed");
            }
            /**
             * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
             * but performing a static call.
             *
             * _Available since v3.3._
             */
            function functionStaticCall(
                address target,
                bytes memory data,
                string memory errorMessage
            ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
                (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data);
                return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
             * but performing a delegate call.
             *
             * _Available since v3.4._
             */
            function functionDelegateCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
                return functionDelegateCall(target, data, "Address: low-level delegate call failed");
            }
            /**
             * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
             * but performing a delegate call.
             *
             * _Available since v3.4._
             */
            function functionDelegateCall(
                address target,
                bytes memory data,
                string memory errorMessage
            ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
                (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.delegatecall(data);
                return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call to smart-contract was successful, and revert (either by bubbling
             * the revert reason or using the provided one) in case of unsuccessful call or if target was not a contract.
             *
             * _Available since v4.8._
             */
            function verifyCallResultFromTarget(
                address target,
                bool success,
                bytes memory returndata,
                string memory errorMessage
            ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
                if (success) {
                    if (returndata.length == 0) {
                        // only check isContract if the call was successful and the return data is empty
                        // otherwise we already know that it was a contract
                        require(isContract(target), "Address: call to non-contract");
                    }
                    return returndata;
                } else {
                    _revert(returndata, errorMessage);
                }
            }
            /**
             * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call was successful, and revert if it wasn't, either by bubbling the
             * revert reason or using the provided one.
             *
             * _Available since v4.3._
             */
            function verifyCallResult(
                bool success,
                bytes memory returndata,
                string memory errorMessage
            ) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
                if (success) {
                    return returndata;
                } else {
                    _revert(returndata, errorMessage);
                }
            }
            function _revert(bytes memory returndata, string memory errorMessage) private pure {
                // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present
                if (returndata.length > 0) {
                    // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly
                    /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                    assembly {
                        let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
                        revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
                    }
                } else {
                    revert(errorMessage);
                }
            }
        }
        // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
        // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/StorageSlot.sol)
        // This file was procedurally generated from scripts/generate/templates/StorageSlot.js.
        pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
        /**
         * @dev Library for reading and writing primitive types to specific storage slots.
         *
         * Storage slots are often used to avoid storage conflict when dealing with upgradeable contracts.
         * This library helps with reading and writing to such slots without the need for inline assembly.
         *
         * The functions in this library return Slot structs that contain a `value` member that can be used to read or write.
         *
         * Example usage to set ERC1967 implementation slot:
         * ```solidity
         * contract ERC1967 {
         *     bytes32 internal constant _IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT = 0x360894a13ba1a3210667c828492db98dca3e2076cc3735a920a3ca505d382bbc;
         *
         *     function _getImplementation() internal view returns (address) {
         *         return StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value;
         *     }
         *
         *     function _setImplementation(address newImplementation) internal {
         *         require(Address.isContract(newImplementation), "ERC1967: new implementation is not a contract");
         *         StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value = newImplementation;
         *     }
         * }
         * ```
         *
         * _Available since v4.1 for `address`, `bool`, `bytes32`, `uint256`._
         * _Available since v4.9 for `string`, `bytes`._
         */
        library StorageSlot {
            struct AddressSlot {
                address value;
            }
            struct BooleanSlot {
                bool value;
            }
            struct Bytes32Slot {
                bytes32 value;
            }
            struct Uint256Slot {
                uint256 value;
            }
            struct StringSlot {
                string value;
            }
            struct BytesSlot {
                bytes value;
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns an `AddressSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
             */
            function getAddressSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (AddressSlot storage r) {
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    r.slot := slot
                }
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns an `BooleanSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
             */
            function getBooleanSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (BooleanSlot storage r) {
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    r.slot := slot
                }
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns an `Bytes32Slot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
             */
            function getBytes32Slot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (Bytes32Slot storage r) {
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    r.slot := slot
                }
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns an `Uint256Slot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
             */
            function getUint256Slot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (Uint256Slot storage r) {
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    r.slot := slot
                }
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns an `StringSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
             */
            function getStringSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (StringSlot storage r) {
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    r.slot := slot
                }
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns an `StringSlot` representation of the string storage pointer `store`.
             */
            function getStringSlot(string storage store) internal pure returns (StringSlot storage r) {
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    r.slot := store.slot
                }
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns an `BytesSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
             */
            function getBytesSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (BytesSlot storage r) {
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    r.slot := slot
                }
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns an `BytesSlot` representation of the bytes storage pointer `store`.
             */
            function getBytesSlot(bytes storage store) internal pure returns (BytesSlot storage r) {
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    r.slot := store.slot
                }
            }
        }
        

        File 3 of 3: Eigen
        // SPDX-License-Identifier: BUSL-1.1
        pragma solidity ^0.8.12;
        import "@openzeppelin-v4.9.0/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";
        import "@openzeppelin-upgrades-v4.9.0/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20VotesUpgradeable.sol";
        import "@openzeppelin-upgrades-v4.9.0/contracts/access/OwnableUpgradeable.sol";
        contract Eigen is OwnableUpgradeable, ERC20VotesUpgradeable {
            /// CONSTANTS & IMMUTABLES
            /// @notice the address of the backing Eigen token bEIGEN
            IERC20 public immutable bEIGEN;
            /// STORAGE
            /// @notice mapping of minter addresses to the timestamp after which they are allowed to mint
            mapping(address => uint256) public mintAllowedAfter;
            /// @notice mapping of minter addresses to the amount of tokens they are allowed to mint
            mapping(address => uint256) public mintingAllowance;
            /// @notice the timestamp after which transfer restrictions are disabled
            uint256 public transferRestrictionsDisabledAfter;
            /// @notice mapping of addresses that are allowed to transfer tokens to any address
            mapping(address => bool) public allowedFrom;
            /// @notice mapping of addresses that are allowed to receive tokens from any address
            mapping(address => bool) public allowedTo;
            /// @notice event emitted when the allowedFrom status of an address is set
            event SetAllowedFrom(address indexed from, bool isAllowedFrom);
            /// @notice event emitted when the allowedTo status of an address is set
            event SetAllowedTo(address indexed to, bool isAllowedTo);
            /// @notice event emitted when a minter mints
            event Mint(address indexed minter, uint256 amount);
            /// @notice event emitted when the transfer restrictions disabled
            event TransferRestrictionsDisabled();
            constructor(IERC20 _bEIGEN) {
                bEIGEN = _bEIGEN;
                _disableInitializers();
            }
            /**
             * @notice An initializer function that sets initial values for the contract's state variables.
             * @param minters the addresses that are allowed to mint
             * @param mintingAllowances the amount of tokens that each minter is allowed to mint
             */
            function initialize(
                address initialOwner,
                address[] memory minters,
                uint256[] memory mintingAllowances,
                uint256[] memory mintAllowedAfters
            ) public initializer {
                __Ownable_init();
                __ERC20_init("Eigen", "EIGEN");
                _transferOwnership(initialOwner);
                __ERC20Permit_init("EIGEN");
                require(
                    minters.length == mintingAllowances.length,
                    "Eigen.initialize: minters and mintingAllowances must be the same length"
                );
                require(
                    minters.length == mintAllowedAfters.length,
                    "Eigen.initialize: minters and mintAllowedAfters must be the same length"
                );
                // set minting allowances for each minter
                for (uint256 i = 0; i < minters.length; i++) {
                    mintingAllowance[minters[i]] = mintingAllowances[i];
                    mintAllowedAfter[minters[i]] = mintAllowedAfters[i];
                    // allow each minter to transfer tokens
                    allowedFrom[minters[i]] = true;
                    emit SetAllowedFrom(minters[i], true);
                }
                // set transfer restrictions to be disabled at type(uint256).max to be set down later
                transferRestrictionsDisabledAfter = type(uint256).max;
            }
            /**
             * @notice This function allows the owner to set the allowedFrom status of an address
             * @param from the address whose allowedFrom status is being set
             * @param isAllowedFrom the new allowedFrom status
             */
            function setAllowedFrom(address from, bool isAllowedFrom) external onlyOwner {
                allowedFrom[from] = isAllowedFrom;
                emit SetAllowedFrom(from, isAllowedFrom);
            }
            /**
             * @notice This function allows the owner to set the allowedTo status of an address
             * @param to the address whose allowedTo status is being set
             * @param isAllowedTo the new allowedTo status
             */
            function setAllowedTo(address to, bool isAllowedTo) external onlyOwner {
                allowedTo[to] = isAllowedTo;
                emit SetAllowedTo(to, isAllowedTo);
            }
            /**
             * @notice Allows the owner to disable transfer restrictions
             */
            function disableTransferRestrictions() external onlyOwner {
                require(
                    transferRestrictionsDisabledAfter == type(uint256).max,
                    "Eigen.disableTransferRestrictions: transfer restrictions are already disabled"
                );
                transferRestrictionsDisabledAfter = 0;
                emit TransferRestrictionsDisabled();
            }
            /**
             * @notice This function allows minter to mint tokens
             */
            function mint() external {
                require(mintingAllowance[msg.sender] > 0, "Eigen.mint: msg.sender has no minting allowance");
                require(block.timestamp > mintAllowedAfter[msg.sender], "Eigen.mint: msg.sender is not allowed to mint yet");
                uint256 amount = mintingAllowance[msg.sender];
                mintingAllowance[msg.sender] = 0;
                _mint(msg.sender, amount);
                emit Mint(msg.sender, amount);
            }
            /**
             * @notice This function allows bEIGEN holders to wrap their tokens into Eigen
             */
            function wrap(uint256 amount) external {
                require(bEIGEN.transferFrom(msg.sender, address(this), amount), "Eigen.wrap: bEIGEN transfer failed");
                _mint(msg.sender, amount);
            }
            /**
             * @notice This function allows Eigen holders to unwrap their tokens into bEIGEN
             */
            function unwrap(uint256 amount) external {
                _burn(msg.sender, amount);
                require(bEIGEN.transfer(msg.sender, amount), "Eigen.unwrap: bEIGEN transfer failed");
            }
            /**
             * @notice Allows the sender to transfer tokens to multiple addresses in a single transaction
             */
            function multisend(address[] calldata receivers, uint256[] calldata amounts) public {
                require(receivers.length == amounts.length, "Eigen.multisend: receivers and amounts must be the same length");
                for (uint256 i = 0; i < receivers.length; i++) {
                    _transfer(msg.sender, receivers[i], amounts[i]);
                }
            }
            /**
             * @notice Overrides the beforeTokenTransfer function to enforce transfer restrictions
             * @param from the address tokens are being transferred from
             * @param to the address tokens are being transferred to
             * @param amount the amount of tokens being transferred
             */
            function _beforeTokenTransfer(address from, address to, uint256 amount) internal override {
                // if transfer restrictions are enabled
                if (block.timestamp <= transferRestrictionsDisabledAfter) {
                    // if both from and to are not whitelisted
                    require(
                        from == address(0) || to == address(0) || allowedFrom[from] || allowedTo[to],
                        "Eigen._beforeTokenTransfer: from or to must be whitelisted"
                    );
                }
                super._beforeTokenTransfer(from, to, amount);
            }
            /**
             * @notice Overridden to return the total bEIGEN supply instead.
             * @dev The issued supply of EIGEN should match the bEIGEN balance of this contract,
             * less any bEIGEN tokens that were sent directly to the contract (rather than being wrapped)
             */
            function totalSupply() public view override returns (uint256) {
                return bEIGEN.totalSupply();
            }
            /**
             * @dev Clock used for flagging checkpoints. Has been overridden to implement timestamp based
             * checkpoints (and voting).
             */
            function clock() public view override returns (uint48) {
                return SafeCastUpgradeable.toUint48(block.timestamp);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Machine-readable description of the clock as specified in EIP-6372.
             * Has been overridden to inform callers that this contract uses timestamps instead of block numbers, to match `clock()`
             */
            // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
            function CLOCK_MODE() public pure override returns (string memory) {
                return "mode=timestamp";
            }
        }
        // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
        // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (token/ERC20/IERC20.sol)
        pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
        /**
         * @dev Interface of the ERC20 standard as defined in the EIP.
         */
        interface IERC20 {
            /**
             * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens are moved from one account (`from`) to
             * another (`to`).
             *
             * Note that `value` may be zero.
             */
            event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);
            /**
             * @dev Emitted when the allowance of a `spender` for an `owner` is set by
             * a call to {approve}. `value` is the new allowance.
             */
            event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);
            /**
             * @dev Returns the amount of tokens in existence.
             */
            function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);
            /**
             * @dev Returns the amount of tokens owned by `account`.
             */
            function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);
            /**
             * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from the caller's account to `to`.
             *
             * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
             *
             * Emits a {Transfer} event.
             */
            function transfer(address to, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);
            /**
             * @dev Returns the remaining number of tokens that `spender` will be
             * allowed to spend on behalf of `owner` through {transferFrom}. This is
             * zero by default.
             *
             * This value changes when {approve} or {transferFrom} are called.
             */
            function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);
            /**
             * @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the caller's tokens.
             *
             * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
             *
             * IMPORTANT: Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk
             * that someone may use both the old and the new allowance by unfortunate
             * transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this race
             * condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the
             * desired value afterwards:
             * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729
             *
             * Emits an {Approval} event.
             */
            function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);
            /**
             * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from `from` to `to` using the
             * allowance mechanism. `amount` is then deducted from the caller's
             * allowance.
             *
             * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
             *
             * Emits a {Transfer} event.
             */
            function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);
        }
        // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
        // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20Votes.sol)
        pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
        import "./ERC20PermitUpgradeable.sol";
        import "../../../interfaces/IERC5805Upgradeable.sol";
        import "../../../utils/math/MathUpgradeable.sol";
        import "../../../utils/math/SafeCastUpgradeable.sol";
        import "../../../utils/cryptography/ECDSAUpgradeable.sol";
        import "../../../proxy/utils/Initializable.sol";
        /**
         * @dev Extension of ERC20 to support Compound-like voting and delegation. This version is more generic than Compound's,
         * and supports token supply up to 2^224^ - 1, while COMP is limited to 2^96^ - 1.
         *
         * NOTE: If exact COMP compatibility is required, use the {ERC20VotesComp} variant of this module.
         *
         * This extension keeps a history (checkpoints) of each account's vote power. Vote power can be delegated either
         * by calling the {delegate} function directly, or by providing a signature to be used with {delegateBySig}. Voting
         * power can be queried through the public accessors {getVotes} and {getPastVotes}.
         *
         * By default, token balance does not account for voting power. This makes transfers cheaper. The downside is that it
         * requires users to delegate to themselves in order to activate checkpoints and have their voting power tracked.
         *
         * _Available since v4.2._
         */
        abstract contract ERC20VotesUpgradeable is Initializable, ERC20PermitUpgradeable, IERC5805Upgradeable {
            function __ERC20Votes_init() internal onlyInitializing {
            }
            function __ERC20Votes_init_unchained() internal onlyInitializing {
            }
            struct Checkpoint {
                uint32 fromBlock;
                uint224 votes;
            }
            bytes32 private constant _DELEGATION_TYPEHASH =
                keccak256("Delegation(address delegatee,uint256 nonce,uint256 expiry)");
            mapping(address => address) private _delegates;
            mapping(address => Checkpoint[]) private _checkpoints;
            Checkpoint[] private _totalSupplyCheckpoints;
            /**
             * @dev Clock used for flagging checkpoints. Can be overridden to implement timestamp based checkpoints (and voting).
             */
            function clock() public view virtual override returns (uint48) {
                return SafeCastUpgradeable.toUint48(block.number);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Description of the clock
             */
            // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
            function CLOCK_MODE() public view virtual override returns (string memory) {
                // Check that the clock was not modified
                require(clock() == block.number, "ERC20Votes: broken clock mode");
                return "mode=blocknumber&from=default";
            }
            /**
             * @dev Get the `pos`-th checkpoint for `account`.
             */
            function checkpoints(address account, uint32 pos) public view virtual returns (Checkpoint memory) {
                return _checkpoints[account][pos];
            }
            /**
             * @dev Get number of checkpoints for `account`.
             */
            function numCheckpoints(address account) public view virtual returns (uint32) {
                return SafeCastUpgradeable.toUint32(_checkpoints[account].length);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Get the address `account` is currently delegating to.
             */
            function delegates(address account) public view virtual override returns (address) {
                return _delegates[account];
            }
            /**
             * @dev Gets the current votes balance for `account`
             */
            function getVotes(address account) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
                uint256 pos = _checkpoints[account].length;
                unchecked {
                    return pos == 0 ? 0 : _checkpoints[account][pos - 1].votes;
                }
            }
            /**
             * @dev Retrieve the number of votes for `account` at the end of `timepoint`.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - `timepoint` must be in the past
             */
            function getPastVotes(address account, uint256 timepoint) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
                require(timepoint < clock(), "ERC20Votes: future lookup");
                return _checkpointsLookup(_checkpoints[account], timepoint);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Retrieve the `totalSupply` at the end of `timepoint`. Note, this value is the sum of all balances.
             * It is NOT the sum of all the delegated votes!
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - `timepoint` must be in the past
             */
            function getPastTotalSupply(uint256 timepoint) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
                require(timepoint < clock(), "ERC20Votes: future lookup");
                return _checkpointsLookup(_totalSupplyCheckpoints, timepoint);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Lookup a value in a list of (sorted) checkpoints.
             */
            function _checkpointsLookup(Checkpoint[] storage ckpts, uint256 timepoint) private view returns (uint256) {
                // We run a binary search to look for the last (most recent) checkpoint taken before (or at) `timepoint`.
                //
                // Initially we check if the block is recent to narrow the search range.
                // During the loop, the index of the wanted checkpoint remains in the range [low-1, high).
                // With each iteration, either `low` or `high` is moved towards the middle of the range to maintain the invariant.
                // - If the middle checkpoint is after `timepoint`, we look in [low, mid)
                // - If the middle checkpoint is before or equal to `timepoint`, we look in [mid+1, high)
                // Once we reach a single value (when low == high), we've found the right checkpoint at the index high-1, if not
                // out of bounds (in which case we're looking too far in the past and the result is 0).
                // Note that if the latest checkpoint available is exactly for `timepoint`, we end up with an index that is
                // past the end of the array, so we technically don't find a checkpoint after `timepoint`, but it works out
                // the same.
                uint256 length = ckpts.length;
                uint256 low = 0;
                uint256 high = length;
                if (length > 5) {
                    uint256 mid = length - MathUpgradeable.sqrt(length);
                    if (_unsafeAccess(ckpts, mid).fromBlock > timepoint) {
                        high = mid;
                    } else {
                        low = mid + 1;
                    }
                }
                while (low < high) {
                    uint256 mid = MathUpgradeable.average(low, high);
                    if (_unsafeAccess(ckpts, mid).fromBlock > timepoint) {
                        high = mid;
                    } else {
                        low = mid + 1;
                    }
                }
                unchecked {
                    return high == 0 ? 0 : _unsafeAccess(ckpts, high - 1).votes;
                }
            }
            /**
             * @dev Delegate votes from the sender to `delegatee`.
             */
            function delegate(address delegatee) public virtual override {
                _delegate(_msgSender(), delegatee);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Delegates votes from signer to `delegatee`
             */
            function delegateBySig(
                address delegatee,
                uint256 nonce,
                uint256 expiry,
                uint8 v,
                bytes32 r,
                bytes32 s
            ) public virtual override {
                require(block.timestamp <= expiry, "ERC20Votes: signature expired");
                address signer = ECDSAUpgradeable.recover(
                    _hashTypedDataV4(keccak256(abi.encode(_DELEGATION_TYPEHASH, delegatee, nonce, expiry))),
                    v,
                    r,
                    s
                );
                require(nonce == _useNonce(signer), "ERC20Votes: invalid nonce");
                _delegate(signer, delegatee);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Maximum token supply. Defaults to `type(uint224).max` (2^224^ - 1).
             */
            function _maxSupply() internal view virtual returns (uint224) {
                return type(uint224).max;
            }
            /**
             * @dev Snapshots the totalSupply after it has been increased.
             */
            function _mint(address account, uint256 amount) internal virtual override {
                super._mint(account, amount);
                require(totalSupply() <= _maxSupply(), "ERC20Votes: total supply risks overflowing votes");
                _writeCheckpoint(_totalSupplyCheckpoints, _add, amount);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Snapshots the totalSupply after it has been decreased.
             */
            function _burn(address account, uint256 amount) internal virtual override {
                super._burn(account, amount);
                _writeCheckpoint(_totalSupplyCheckpoints, _subtract, amount);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Move voting power when tokens are transferred.
             *
             * Emits a {IVotes-DelegateVotesChanged} event.
             */
            function _afterTokenTransfer(address from, address to, uint256 amount) internal virtual override {
                super._afterTokenTransfer(from, to, amount);
                _moveVotingPower(delegates(from), delegates(to), amount);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Change delegation for `delegator` to `delegatee`.
             *
             * Emits events {IVotes-DelegateChanged} and {IVotes-DelegateVotesChanged}.
             */
            function _delegate(address delegator, address delegatee) internal virtual {
                address currentDelegate = delegates(delegator);
                uint256 delegatorBalance = balanceOf(delegator);
                _delegates[delegator] = delegatee;
                emit DelegateChanged(delegator, currentDelegate, delegatee);
                _moveVotingPower(currentDelegate, delegatee, delegatorBalance);
            }
            function _moveVotingPower(address src, address dst, uint256 amount) private {
                if (src != dst && amount > 0) {
                    if (src != address(0)) {
                        (uint256 oldWeight, uint256 newWeight) = _writeCheckpoint(_checkpoints[src], _subtract, amount);
                        emit DelegateVotesChanged(src, oldWeight, newWeight);
                    }
                    if (dst != address(0)) {
                        (uint256 oldWeight, uint256 newWeight) = _writeCheckpoint(_checkpoints[dst], _add, amount);
                        emit DelegateVotesChanged(dst, oldWeight, newWeight);
                    }
                }
            }
            function _writeCheckpoint(
                Checkpoint[] storage ckpts,
                function(uint256, uint256) view returns (uint256) op,
                uint256 delta
            ) private returns (uint256 oldWeight, uint256 newWeight) {
                uint256 pos = ckpts.length;
                unchecked {
                    Checkpoint memory oldCkpt = pos == 0 ? Checkpoint(0, 0) : _unsafeAccess(ckpts, pos - 1);
                    oldWeight = oldCkpt.votes;
                    newWeight = op(oldWeight, delta);
                    if (pos > 0 && oldCkpt.fromBlock == clock()) {
                        _unsafeAccess(ckpts, pos - 1).votes = SafeCastUpgradeable.toUint224(newWeight);
                    } else {
                        ckpts.push(Checkpoint({fromBlock: SafeCastUpgradeable.toUint32(clock()), votes: SafeCastUpgradeable.toUint224(newWeight)}));
                    }
                }
            }
            function _add(uint256 a, uint256 b) private pure returns (uint256) {
                return a + b;
            }
            function _subtract(uint256 a, uint256 b) private pure returns (uint256) {
                return a - b;
            }
            /**
             * @dev Access an element of the array without performing bounds check. The position is assumed to be within bounds.
             */
            function _unsafeAccess(Checkpoint[] storage ckpts, uint256 pos) private pure returns (Checkpoint storage result) {
                assembly {
                    mstore(0, ckpts.slot)
                    result.slot := add(keccak256(0, 0x20), pos)
                }
            }
            /**
             * @dev This empty reserved space is put in place to allow future versions to add new
             * variables without shifting down storage in the inheritance chain.
             * See https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/upgradeable#storage_gaps
             */
            uint256[47] private __gap;
        }
        // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
        // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (access/Ownable.sol)
        pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
        import "../utils/ContextUpgradeable.sol";
        import "../proxy/utils/Initializable.sol";
        /**
         * @dev Contract module which provides a basic access control mechanism, where
         * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
         * specific functions.
         *
         * By default, the owner account will be the one that deploys the contract. This
         * can later be changed with {transferOwnership}.
         *
         * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the modifier
         * `onlyOwner`, which can be applied to your functions to restrict their use to
         * the owner.
         */
        abstract contract OwnableUpgradeable is Initializable, ContextUpgradeable {
            address private _owner;
            event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);
            /**
             * @dev Initializes the contract setting the deployer as the initial owner.
             */
            function __Ownable_init() internal onlyInitializing {
                __Ownable_init_unchained();
            }
            function __Ownable_init_unchained() internal onlyInitializing {
                _transferOwnership(_msgSender());
            }
            /**
             * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
             */
            modifier onlyOwner() {
                _checkOwner();
                _;
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the address of the current owner.
             */
            function owner() public view virtual returns (address) {
                return _owner;
            }
            /**
             * @dev Throws if the sender is not the owner.
             */
            function _checkOwner() internal view virtual {
                require(owner() == _msgSender(), "Ownable: caller is not the owner");
            }
            /**
             * @dev Leaves the contract without owner. It will not be possible to call
             * `onlyOwner` functions. Can only be called by the current owner.
             *
             * NOTE: Renouncing ownership will leave the contract without an owner,
             * thereby disabling any functionality that is only available to the owner.
             */
            function renounceOwnership() public virtual onlyOwner {
                _transferOwnership(address(0));
            }
            /**
             * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
             * Can only be called by the current owner.
             */
            function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual onlyOwner {
                require(newOwner != address(0), "Ownable: new owner is the zero address");
                _transferOwnership(newOwner);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
             * Internal function without access restriction.
             */
            function _transferOwnership(address newOwner) internal virtual {
                address oldOwner = _owner;
                _owner = newOwner;
                emit OwnershipTransferred(oldOwner, newOwner);
            }
            /**
             * @dev This empty reserved space is put in place to allow future versions to add new
             * variables without shifting down storage in the inheritance chain.
             * See https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/upgradeable#storage_gaps
             */
            uint256[49] private __gap;
        }
        // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
        // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20Permit.sol)
        pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
        import "./IERC20PermitUpgradeable.sol";
        import "../ERC20Upgradeable.sol";
        import "../../../utils/cryptography/ECDSAUpgradeable.sol";
        import "../../../utils/cryptography/EIP712Upgradeable.sol";
        import "../../../utils/CountersUpgradeable.sol";
        import "../../../proxy/utils/Initializable.sol";
        /**
         * @dev Implementation of the ERC20 Permit extension allowing approvals to be made via signatures, as defined in
         * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612[EIP-2612].
         *
         * Adds the {permit} method, which can be used to change an account's ERC20 allowance (see {IERC20-allowance}) by
         * presenting a message signed by the account. By not relying on `{IERC20-approve}`, the token holder account doesn't
         * need to send a transaction, and thus is not required to hold Ether at all.
         *
         * _Available since v3.4._
         *
         * @custom:storage-size 51
         */
        abstract contract ERC20PermitUpgradeable is Initializable, ERC20Upgradeable, IERC20PermitUpgradeable, EIP712Upgradeable {
            using CountersUpgradeable for CountersUpgradeable.Counter;
            mapping(address => CountersUpgradeable.Counter) private _nonces;
            // solhint-disable-next-line var-name-mixedcase
            bytes32 private constant _PERMIT_TYPEHASH =
                keccak256("Permit(address owner,address spender,uint256 value,uint256 nonce,uint256 deadline)");
            /**
             * @dev In previous versions `_PERMIT_TYPEHASH` was declared as `immutable`.
             * However, to ensure consistency with the upgradeable transpiler, we will continue
             * to reserve a slot.
             * @custom:oz-renamed-from _PERMIT_TYPEHASH
             */
            // solhint-disable-next-line var-name-mixedcase
            bytes32 private _PERMIT_TYPEHASH_DEPRECATED_SLOT;
            /**
             * @dev Initializes the {EIP712} domain separator using the `name` parameter, and setting `version` to `"1"`.
             *
             * It's a good idea to use the same `name` that is defined as the ERC20 token name.
             */
            function __ERC20Permit_init(string memory name) internal onlyInitializing {
                __EIP712_init_unchained(name, "1");
            }
            function __ERC20Permit_init_unchained(string memory) internal onlyInitializing {}
            /**
             * @dev See {IERC20Permit-permit}.
             */
            function permit(
                address owner,
                address spender,
                uint256 value,
                uint256 deadline,
                uint8 v,
                bytes32 r,
                bytes32 s
            ) public virtual override {
                require(block.timestamp <= deadline, "ERC20Permit: expired deadline");
                bytes32 structHash = keccak256(abi.encode(_PERMIT_TYPEHASH, owner, spender, value, _useNonce(owner), deadline));
                bytes32 hash = _hashTypedDataV4(structHash);
                address signer = ECDSAUpgradeable.recover(hash, v, r, s);
                require(signer == owner, "ERC20Permit: invalid signature");
                _approve(owner, spender, value);
            }
            /**
             * @dev See {IERC20Permit-nonces}.
             */
            function nonces(address owner) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
                return _nonces[owner].current();
            }
            /**
             * @dev See {IERC20Permit-DOMAIN_SEPARATOR}.
             */
            // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
            function DOMAIN_SEPARATOR() external view override returns (bytes32) {
                return _domainSeparatorV4();
            }
            /**
             * @dev "Consume a nonce": return the current value and increment.
             *
             * _Available since v4.1._
             */
            function _useNonce(address owner) internal virtual returns (uint256 current) {
                CountersUpgradeable.Counter storage nonce = _nonces[owner];
                current = nonce.current();
                nonce.increment();
            }
            /**
             * @dev This empty reserved space is put in place to allow future versions to add new
             * variables without shifting down storage in the inheritance chain.
             * See https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/upgradeable#storage_gaps
             */
            uint256[49] private __gap;
        }
        // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
        // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (interfaces/IERC5805.sol)
        pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
        import "../governance/utils/IVotesUpgradeable.sol";
        import "./IERC6372Upgradeable.sol";
        interface IERC5805Upgradeable is IERC6372Upgradeable, IVotesUpgradeable {}
        // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
        // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/math/Math.sol)
        pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
        /**
         * @dev Standard math utilities missing in the Solidity language.
         */
        library MathUpgradeable {
            enum Rounding {
                Down, // Toward negative infinity
                Up, // Toward infinity
                Zero // Toward zero
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the largest of two numbers.
             */
            function max(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
                return a > b ? a : b;
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the smallest of two numbers.
             */
            function min(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
                return a < b ? a : b;
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the average of two numbers. The result is rounded towards
             * zero.
             */
            function average(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
                // (a + b) / 2 can overflow.
                return (a & b) + (a ^ b) / 2;
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the ceiling of the division of two numbers.
             *
             * This differs from standard division with `/` in that it rounds up instead
             * of rounding down.
             */
            function ceilDiv(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
                // (a + b - 1) / b can overflow on addition, so we distribute.
                return a == 0 ? 0 : (a - 1) / b + 1;
            }
            /**
             * @notice Calculates floor(x * y / denominator) with full precision. Throws if result overflows a uint256 or denominator == 0
             * @dev Original credit to Remco Bloemen under MIT license (https://xn--2-umb.com/21/muldiv)
             * with further edits by Uniswap Labs also under MIT license.
             */
            function mulDiv(uint256 x, uint256 y, uint256 denominator) internal pure returns (uint256 result) {
                unchecked {
                    // 512-bit multiply [prod1 prod0] = x * y. Compute the product mod 2^256 and mod 2^256 - 1, then use
                    // use the Chinese Remainder Theorem to reconstruct the 512 bit result. The result is stored in two 256
                    // variables such that product = prod1 * 2^256 + prod0.
                    uint256 prod0; // Least significant 256 bits of the product
                    uint256 prod1; // Most significant 256 bits of the product
                    assembly {
                        let mm := mulmod(x, y, not(0))
                        prod0 := mul(x, y)
                        prod1 := sub(sub(mm, prod0), lt(mm, prod0))
                    }
                    // Handle non-overflow cases, 256 by 256 division.
                    if (prod1 == 0) {
                        // Solidity will revert if denominator == 0, unlike the div opcode on its own.
                        // The surrounding unchecked block does not change this fact.
                        // See https://docs.soliditylang.org/en/latest/control-structures.html#checked-or-unchecked-arithmetic.
                        return prod0 / denominator;
                    }
                    // Make sure the result is less than 2^256. Also prevents denominator == 0.
                    require(denominator > prod1, "Math: mulDiv overflow");
                    ///////////////////////////////////////////////
                    // 512 by 256 division.
                    ///////////////////////////////////////////////
                    // Make division exact by subtracting the remainder from [prod1 prod0].
                    uint256 remainder;
                    assembly {
                        // Compute remainder using mulmod.
                        remainder := mulmod(x, y, denominator)
                        // Subtract 256 bit number from 512 bit number.
                        prod1 := sub(prod1, gt(remainder, prod0))
                        prod0 := sub(prod0, remainder)
                    }
                    // Factor powers of two out of denominator and compute largest power of two divisor of denominator. Always >= 1.
                    // See https://cs.stackexchange.com/q/138556/92363.
                    // Does not overflow because the denominator cannot be zero at this stage in the function.
                    uint256 twos = denominator & (~denominator + 1);
                    assembly {
                        // Divide denominator by twos.
                        denominator := div(denominator, twos)
                        // Divide [prod1 prod0] by twos.
                        prod0 := div(prod0, twos)
                        // Flip twos such that it is 2^256 / twos. If twos is zero, then it becomes one.
                        twos := add(div(sub(0, twos), twos), 1)
                    }
                    // Shift in bits from prod1 into prod0.
                    prod0 |= prod1 * twos;
                    // Invert denominator mod 2^256. Now that denominator is an odd number, it has an inverse modulo 2^256 such
                    // that denominator * inv = 1 mod 2^256. Compute the inverse by starting with a seed that is correct for
                    // four bits. That is, denominator * inv = 1 mod 2^4.
                    uint256 inverse = (3 * denominator) ^ 2;
                    // Use the Newton-Raphson iteration to improve the precision. Thanks to Hensel's lifting lemma, this also works
                    // in modular arithmetic, doubling the correct bits in each step.
                    inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^8
                    inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^16
                    inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^32
                    inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^64
                    inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^128
                    inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^256
                    // Because the division is now exact we can divide by multiplying with the modular inverse of denominator.
                    // This will give us the correct result modulo 2^256. Since the preconditions guarantee that the outcome is
                    // less than 2^256, this is the final result. We don't need to compute the high bits of the result and prod1
                    // is no longer required.
                    result = prod0 * inverse;
                    return result;
                }
            }
            /**
             * @notice Calculates x * y / denominator with full precision, following the selected rounding direction.
             */
            function mulDiv(uint256 x, uint256 y, uint256 denominator, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
                uint256 result = mulDiv(x, y, denominator);
                if (rounding == Rounding.Up && mulmod(x, y, denominator) > 0) {
                    result += 1;
                }
                return result;
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the square root of a number. If the number is not a perfect square, the value is rounded down.
             *
             * Inspired by Henry S. Warren, Jr.'s "Hacker's Delight" (Chapter 11).
             */
            function sqrt(uint256 a) internal pure returns (uint256) {
                if (a == 0) {
                    return 0;
                }
                // For our first guess, we get the biggest power of 2 which is smaller than the square root of the target.
                //
                // We know that the "msb" (most significant bit) of our target number `a` is a power of 2 such that we have
                // `msb(a) <= a < 2*msb(a)`. This value can be written `msb(a)=2**k` with `k=log2(a)`.
                //
                // This can be rewritten `2**log2(a) <= a < 2**(log2(a) + 1)`
                // → `sqrt(2**k) <= sqrt(a) < sqrt(2**(k+1))`
                // → `2**(k/2) <= sqrt(a) < 2**((k+1)/2) <= 2**(k/2 + 1)`
                //
                // Consequently, `2**(log2(a) / 2)` is a good first approximation of `sqrt(a)` with at least 1 correct bit.
                uint256 result = 1 << (log2(a) >> 1);
                // At this point `result` is an estimation with one bit of precision. We know the true value is a uint128,
                // since it is the square root of a uint256. Newton's method converges quadratically (precision doubles at
                // every iteration). We thus need at most 7 iteration to turn our partial result with one bit of precision
                // into the expected uint128 result.
                unchecked {
                    result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
                    result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
                    result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
                    result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
                    result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
                    result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
                    result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
                    return min(result, a / result);
                }
            }
            /**
             * @notice Calculates sqrt(a), following the selected rounding direction.
             */
            function sqrt(uint256 a, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
                unchecked {
                    uint256 result = sqrt(a);
                    return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && result * result < a ? 1 : 0);
                }
            }
            /**
             * @dev Return the log in base 2, rounded down, of a positive value.
             * Returns 0 if given 0.
             */
            function log2(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
                uint256 result = 0;
                unchecked {
                    if (value >> 128 > 0) {
                        value >>= 128;
                        result += 128;
                    }
                    if (value >> 64 > 0) {
                        value >>= 64;
                        result += 64;
                    }
                    if (value >> 32 > 0) {
                        value >>= 32;
                        result += 32;
                    }
                    if (value >> 16 > 0) {
                        value >>= 16;
                        result += 16;
                    }
                    if (value >> 8 > 0) {
                        value >>= 8;
                        result += 8;
                    }
                    if (value >> 4 > 0) {
                        value >>= 4;
                        result += 4;
                    }
                    if (value >> 2 > 0) {
                        value >>= 2;
                        result += 2;
                    }
                    if (value >> 1 > 0) {
                        result += 1;
                    }
                }
                return result;
            }
            /**
             * @dev Return the log in base 2, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
             * Returns 0 if given 0.
             */
            function log2(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
                unchecked {
                    uint256 result = log2(value);
                    return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && 1 << result < value ? 1 : 0);
                }
            }
            /**
             * @dev Return the log in base 10, rounded down, of a positive value.
             * Returns 0 if given 0.
             */
            function log10(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
                uint256 result = 0;
                unchecked {
                    if (value >= 10 ** 64) {
                        value /= 10 ** 64;
                        result += 64;
                    }
                    if (value >= 10 ** 32) {
                        value /= 10 ** 32;
                        result += 32;
                    }
                    if (value >= 10 ** 16) {
                        value /= 10 ** 16;
                        result += 16;
                    }
                    if (value >= 10 ** 8) {
                        value /= 10 ** 8;
                        result += 8;
                    }
                    if (value >= 10 ** 4) {
                        value /= 10 ** 4;
                        result += 4;
                    }
                    if (value >= 10 ** 2) {
                        value /= 10 ** 2;
                        result += 2;
                    }
                    if (value >= 10 ** 1) {
                        result += 1;
                    }
                }
                return result;
            }
            /**
             * @dev Return the log in base 10, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
             * Returns 0 if given 0.
             */
            function log10(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
                unchecked {
                    uint256 result = log10(value);
                    return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && 10 ** result < value ? 1 : 0);
                }
            }
            /**
             * @dev Return the log in base 256, rounded down, of a positive value.
             * Returns 0 if given 0.
             *
             * Adding one to the result gives the number of pairs of hex symbols needed to represent `value` as a hex string.
             */
            function log256(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
                uint256 result = 0;
                unchecked {
                    if (value >> 128 > 0) {
                        value >>= 128;
                        result += 16;
                    }
                    if (value >> 64 > 0) {
                        value >>= 64;
                        result += 8;
                    }
                    if (value >> 32 > 0) {
                        value >>= 32;
                        result += 4;
                    }
                    if (value >> 16 > 0) {
                        value >>= 16;
                        result += 2;
                    }
                    if (value >> 8 > 0) {
                        result += 1;
                    }
                }
                return result;
            }
            /**
             * @dev Return the log in base 256, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
             * Returns 0 if given 0.
             */
            function log256(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
                unchecked {
                    uint256 result = log256(value);
                    return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && 1 << (result << 3) < value ? 1 : 0);
                }
            }
        }
        // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
        // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.8.0) (utils/math/SafeCast.sol)
        // This file was procedurally generated from scripts/generate/templates/SafeCast.js.
        pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
        /**
         * @dev Wrappers over Solidity's uintXX/intXX casting operators with added overflow
         * checks.
         *
         * Downcasting from uint256/int256 in Solidity does not revert on overflow. This can
         * easily result in undesired exploitation or bugs, since developers usually
         * assume that overflows raise errors. `SafeCast` restores this intuition by
         * reverting the transaction when such an operation overflows.
         *
         * Using this library instead of the unchecked operations eliminates an entire
         * class of bugs, so it's recommended to use it always.
         *
         * Can be combined with {SafeMath} and {SignedSafeMath} to extend it to smaller types, by performing
         * all math on `uint256` and `int256` and then downcasting.
         */
        library SafeCastUpgradeable {
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted uint248 from uint256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint248).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint248` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 248 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toUint248(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint248) {
                require(value <= type(uint248).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 248 bits");
                return uint248(value);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted uint240 from uint256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint240).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint240` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 240 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toUint240(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint240) {
                require(value <= type(uint240).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 240 bits");
                return uint240(value);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted uint232 from uint256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint232).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint232` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 232 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toUint232(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint232) {
                require(value <= type(uint232).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 232 bits");
                return uint232(value);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted uint224 from uint256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint224).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint224` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 224 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.2._
             */
            function toUint224(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint224) {
                require(value <= type(uint224).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 224 bits");
                return uint224(value);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted uint216 from uint256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint216).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint216` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 216 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toUint216(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint216) {
                require(value <= type(uint216).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 216 bits");
                return uint216(value);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted uint208 from uint256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint208).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint208` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 208 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toUint208(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint208) {
                require(value <= type(uint208).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 208 bits");
                return uint208(value);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted uint200 from uint256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint200).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint200` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 200 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toUint200(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint200) {
                require(value <= type(uint200).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 200 bits");
                return uint200(value);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted uint192 from uint256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint192).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint192` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 192 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toUint192(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint192) {
                require(value <= type(uint192).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 192 bits");
                return uint192(value);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted uint184 from uint256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint184).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint184` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 184 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toUint184(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint184) {
                require(value <= type(uint184).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 184 bits");
                return uint184(value);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted uint176 from uint256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint176).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint176` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 176 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toUint176(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint176) {
                require(value <= type(uint176).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 176 bits");
                return uint176(value);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted uint168 from uint256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint168).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint168` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 168 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toUint168(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint168) {
                require(value <= type(uint168).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 168 bits");
                return uint168(value);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted uint160 from uint256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint160).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint160` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 160 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toUint160(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint160) {
                require(value <= type(uint160).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 160 bits");
                return uint160(value);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted uint152 from uint256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint152).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint152` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 152 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toUint152(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint152) {
                require(value <= type(uint152).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 152 bits");
                return uint152(value);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted uint144 from uint256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint144).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint144` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 144 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toUint144(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint144) {
                require(value <= type(uint144).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 144 bits");
                return uint144(value);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted uint136 from uint256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint136).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint136` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 136 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toUint136(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint136) {
                require(value <= type(uint136).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 136 bits");
                return uint136(value);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted uint128 from uint256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint128).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint128` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 128 bits
             *
             * _Available since v2.5._
             */
            function toUint128(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint128) {
                require(value <= type(uint128).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 128 bits");
                return uint128(value);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted uint120 from uint256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint120).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint120` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 120 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toUint120(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint120) {
                require(value <= type(uint120).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 120 bits");
                return uint120(value);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted uint112 from uint256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint112).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint112` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 112 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toUint112(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint112) {
                require(value <= type(uint112).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 112 bits");
                return uint112(value);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted uint104 from uint256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint104).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint104` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 104 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toUint104(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint104) {
                require(value <= type(uint104).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 104 bits");
                return uint104(value);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted uint96 from uint256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint96).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint96` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 96 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.2._
             */
            function toUint96(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint96) {
                require(value <= type(uint96).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 96 bits");
                return uint96(value);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted uint88 from uint256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint88).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint88` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 88 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toUint88(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint88) {
                require(value <= type(uint88).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 88 bits");
                return uint88(value);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted uint80 from uint256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint80).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint80` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 80 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toUint80(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint80) {
                require(value <= type(uint80).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 80 bits");
                return uint80(value);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted uint72 from uint256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint72).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint72` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 72 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toUint72(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint72) {
                require(value <= type(uint72).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 72 bits");
                return uint72(value);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted uint64 from uint256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint64).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint64` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 64 bits
             *
             * _Available since v2.5._
             */
            function toUint64(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint64) {
                require(value <= type(uint64).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 64 bits");
                return uint64(value);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted uint56 from uint256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint56).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint56` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 56 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toUint56(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint56) {
                require(value <= type(uint56).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 56 bits");
                return uint56(value);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted uint48 from uint256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint48).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint48` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 48 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toUint48(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint48) {
                require(value <= type(uint48).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 48 bits");
                return uint48(value);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted uint40 from uint256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint40).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint40` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 40 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toUint40(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint40) {
                require(value <= type(uint40).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 40 bits");
                return uint40(value);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted uint32 from uint256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint32).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint32` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 32 bits
             *
             * _Available since v2.5._
             */
            function toUint32(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint32) {
                require(value <= type(uint32).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 32 bits");
                return uint32(value);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted uint24 from uint256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint24).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint24` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 24 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toUint24(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint24) {
                require(value <= type(uint24).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 24 bits");
                return uint24(value);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted uint16 from uint256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint16).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint16` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 16 bits
             *
             * _Available since v2.5._
             */
            function toUint16(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint16) {
                require(value <= type(uint16).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 16 bits");
                return uint16(value);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted uint8 from uint256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint8).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint8` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 8 bits
             *
             * _Available since v2.5._
             */
            function toUint8(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint8) {
                require(value <= type(uint8).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 8 bits");
                return uint8(value);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Converts a signed int256 into an unsigned uint256.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must be greater than or equal to 0.
             *
             * _Available since v3.0._
             */
            function toUint256(int256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
                require(value >= 0, "SafeCast: value must be positive");
                return uint256(value);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted int248 from int256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int248 or
             * greater than largest int248).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `int248` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 248 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toInt248(int256 value) internal pure returns (int248 downcasted) {
                downcasted = int248(value);
                require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 248 bits");
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted int240 from int256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int240 or
             * greater than largest int240).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `int240` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 240 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toInt240(int256 value) internal pure returns (int240 downcasted) {
                downcasted = int240(value);
                require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 240 bits");
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted int232 from int256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int232 or
             * greater than largest int232).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `int232` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 232 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toInt232(int256 value) internal pure returns (int232 downcasted) {
                downcasted = int232(value);
                require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 232 bits");
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted int224 from int256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int224 or
             * greater than largest int224).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `int224` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 224 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toInt224(int256 value) internal pure returns (int224 downcasted) {
                downcasted = int224(value);
                require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 224 bits");
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted int216 from int256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int216 or
             * greater than largest int216).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `int216` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 216 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toInt216(int256 value) internal pure returns (int216 downcasted) {
                downcasted = int216(value);
                require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 216 bits");
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted int208 from int256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int208 or
             * greater than largest int208).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `int208` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 208 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toInt208(int256 value) internal pure returns (int208 downcasted) {
                downcasted = int208(value);
                require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 208 bits");
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted int200 from int256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int200 or
             * greater than largest int200).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `int200` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 200 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toInt200(int256 value) internal pure returns (int200 downcasted) {
                downcasted = int200(value);
                require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 200 bits");
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted int192 from int256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int192 or
             * greater than largest int192).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `int192` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 192 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toInt192(int256 value) internal pure returns (int192 downcasted) {
                downcasted = int192(value);
                require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 192 bits");
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted int184 from int256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int184 or
             * greater than largest int184).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `int184` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 184 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toInt184(int256 value) internal pure returns (int184 downcasted) {
                downcasted = int184(value);
                require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 184 bits");
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted int176 from int256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int176 or
             * greater than largest int176).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `int176` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 176 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toInt176(int256 value) internal pure returns (int176 downcasted) {
                downcasted = int176(value);
                require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 176 bits");
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted int168 from int256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int168 or
             * greater than largest int168).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `int168` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 168 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toInt168(int256 value) internal pure returns (int168 downcasted) {
                downcasted = int168(value);
                require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 168 bits");
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted int160 from int256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int160 or
             * greater than largest int160).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `int160` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 160 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toInt160(int256 value) internal pure returns (int160 downcasted) {
                downcasted = int160(value);
                require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 160 bits");
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted int152 from int256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int152 or
             * greater than largest int152).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `int152` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 152 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toInt152(int256 value) internal pure returns (int152 downcasted) {
                downcasted = int152(value);
                require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 152 bits");
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted int144 from int256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int144 or
             * greater than largest int144).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `int144` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 144 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toInt144(int256 value) internal pure returns (int144 downcasted) {
                downcasted = int144(value);
                require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 144 bits");
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted int136 from int256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int136 or
             * greater than largest int136).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `int136` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 136 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toInt136(int256 value) internal pure returns (int136 downcasted) {
                downcasted = int136(value);
                require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 136 bits");
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted int128 from int256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int128 or
             * greater than largest int128).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `int128` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 128 bits
             *
             * _Available since v3.1._
             */
            function toInt128(int256 value) internal pure returns (int128 downcasted) {
                downcasted = int128(value);
                require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 128 bits");
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted int120 from int256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int120 or
             * greater than largest int120).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `int120` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 120 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toInt120(int256 value) internal pure returns (int120 downcasted) {
                downcasted = int120(value);
                require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 120 bits");
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted int112 from int256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int112 or
             * greater than largest int112).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `int112` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 112 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toInt112(int256 value) internal pure returns (int112 downcasted) {
                downcasted = int112(value);
                require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 112 bits");
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted int104 from int256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int104 or
             * greater than largest int104).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `int104` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 104 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toInt104(int256 value) internal pure returns (int104 downcasted) {
                downcasted = int104(value);
                require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 104 bits");
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted int96 from int256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int96 or
             * greater than largest int96).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `int96` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 96 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toInt96(int256 value) internal pure returns (int96 downcasted) {
                downcasted = int96(value);
                require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 96 bits");
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted int88 from int256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int88 or
             * greater than largest int88).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `int88` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 88 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toInt88(int256 value) internal pure returns (int88 downcasted) {
                downcasted = int88(value);
                require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 88 bits");
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted int80 from int256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int80 or
             * greater than largest int80).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `int80` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 80 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toInt80(int256 value) internal pure returns (int80 downcasted) {
                downcasted = int80(value);
                require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 80 bits");
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted int72 from int256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int72 or
             * greater than largest int72).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `int72` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 72 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toInt72(int256 value) internal pure returns (int72 downcasted) {
                downcasted = int72(value);
                require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 72 bits");
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted int64 from int256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int64 or
             * greater than largest int64).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `int64` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 64 bits
             *
             * _Available since v3.1._
             */
            function toInt64(int256 value) internal pure returns (int64 downcasted) {
                downcasted = int64(value);
                require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 64 bits");
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted int56 from int256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int56 or
             * greater than largest int56).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `int56` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 56 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toInt56(int256 value) internal pure returns (int56 downcasted) {
                downcasted = int56(value);
                require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 56 bits");
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted int48 from int256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int48 or
             * greater than largest int48).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `int48` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 48 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toInt48(int256 value) internal pure returns (int48 downcasted) {
                downcasted = int48(value);
                require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 48 bits");
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted int40 from int256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int40 or
             * greater than largest int40).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `int40` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 40 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toInt40(int256 value) internal pure returns (int40 downcasted) {
                downcasted = int40(value);
                require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 40 bits");
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted int32 from int256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int32 or
             * greater than largest int32).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `int32` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 32 bits
             *
             * _Available since v3.1._
             */
            function toInt32(int256 value) internal pure returns (int32 downcasted) {
                downcasted = int32(value);
                require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 32 bits");
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted int24 from int256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int24 or
             * greater than largest int24).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `int24` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 24 bits
             *
             * _Available since v4.7._
             */
            function toInt24(int256 value) internal pure returns (int24 downcasted) {
                downcasted = int24(value);
                require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 24 bits");
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted int16 from int256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int16 or
             * greater than largest int16).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `int16` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 16 bits
             *
             * _Available since v3.1._
             */
            function toInt16(int256 value) internal pure returns (int16 downcasted) {
                downcasted = int16(value);
                require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 16 bits");
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the downcasted int8 from int256, reverting on
             * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int8 or
             * greater than largest int8).
             *
             * Counterpart to Solidity's `int8` operator.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must fit into 8 bits
             *
             * _Available since v3.1._
             */
            function toInt8(int256 value) internal pure returns (int8 downcasted) {
                downcasted = int8(value);
                require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 8 bits");
            }
            /**
             * @dev Converts an unsigned uint256 into a signed int256.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - input must be less than or equal to maxInt256.
             *
             * _Available since v3.0._
             */
            function toInt256(uint256 value) internal pure returns (int256) {
                // Note: Unsafe cast below is okay because `type(int256).max` is guaranteed to be positive
                require(value <= uint256(type(int256).max), "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in an int256");
                return int256(value);
            }
        }
        // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
        // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/cryptography/ECDSA.sol)
        pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
        import "../StringsUpgradeable.sol";
        /**
         * @dev Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA) operations.
         *
         * These functions can be used to verify that a message was signed by the holder
         * of the private keys of a given address.
         */
        library ECDSAUpgradeable {
            enum RecoverError {
                NoError,
                InvalidSignature,
                InvalidSignatureLength,
                InvalidSignatureS,
                InvalidSignatureV // Deprecated in v4.8
            }
            function _throwError(RecoverError error) private pure {
                if (error == RecoverError.NoError) {
                    return; // no error: do nothing
                } else if (error == RecoverError.InvalidSignature) {
                    revert("ECDSA: invalid signature");
                } else if (error == RecoverError.InvalidSignatureLength) {
                    revert("ECDSA: invalid signature length");
                } else if (error == RecoverError.InvalidSignatureS) {
                    revert("ECDSA: invalid signature 's' value");
                }
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the address that signed a hashed message (`hash`) with
             * `signature` or error string. This address can then be used for verification purposes.
             *
             * The `ecrecover` EVM opcode allows for malleable (non-unique) signatures:
             * this function rejects them by requiring the `s` value to be in the lower
             * half order, and the `v` value to be either 27 or 28.
             *
             * IMPORTANT: `hash` _must_ be the result of a hash operation for the
             * verification to be secure: it is possible to craft signatures that
             * recover to arbitrary addresses for non-hashed data. A safe way to ensure
             * this is by receiving a hash of the original message (which may otherwise
             * be too long), and then calling {toEthSignedMessageHash} on it.
             *
             * Documentation for signature generation:
             * - with https://web3js.readthedocs.io/en/v1.3.4/web3-eth-accounts.html#sign[Web3.js]
             * - with https://docs.ethers.io/v5/api/signer/#Signer-signMessage[ethers]
             *
             * _Available since v4.3._
             */
            function tryRecover(bytes32 hash, bytes memory signature) internal pure returns (address, RecoverError) {
                if (signature.length == 65) {
                    bytes32 r;
                    bytes32 s;
                    uint8 v;
                    // ecrecover takes the signature parameters, and the only way to get them
                    // currently is to use assembly.
                    /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                    assembly {
                        r := mload(add(signature, 0x20))
                        s := mload(add(signature, 0x40))
                        v := byte(0, mload(add(signature, 0x60)))
                    }
                    return tryRecover(hash, v, r, s);
                } else {
                    return (address(0), RecoverError.InvalidSignatureLength);
                }
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the address that signed a hashed message (`hash`) with
             * `signature`. This address can then be used for verification purposes.
             *
             * The `ecrecover` EVM opcode allows for malleable (non-unique) signatures:
             * this function rejects them by requiring the `s` value to be in the lower
             * half order, and the `v` value to be either 27 or 28.
             *
             * IMPORTANT: `hash` _must_ be the result of a hash operation for the
             * verification to be secure: it is possible to craft signatures that
             * recover to arbitrary addresses for non-hashed data. A safe way to ensure
             * this is by receiving a hash of the original message (which may otherwise
             * be too long), and then calling {toEthSignedMessageHash} on it.
             */
            function recover(bytes32 hash, bytes memory signature) internal pure returns (address) {
                (address recovered, RecoverError error) = tryRecover(hash, signature);
                _throwError(error);
                return recovered;
            }
            /**
             * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-tryRecover} that receives the `r` and `vs` short-signature fields separately.
             *
             * See https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2098[EIP-2098 short signatures]
             *
             * _Available since v4.3._
             */
            function tryRecover(bytes32 hash, bytes32 r, bytes32 vs) internal pure returns (address, RecoverError) {
                bytes32 s = vs & bytes32(0x7fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff);
                uint8 v = uint8((uint256(vs) >> 255) + 27);
                return tryRecover(hash, v, r, s);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-recover} that receives the `r and `vs` short-signature fields separately.
             *
             * _Available since v4.2._
             */
            function recover(bytes32 hash, bytes32 r, bytes32 vs) internal pure returns (address) {
                (address recovered, RecoverError error) = tryRecover(hash, r, vs);
                _throwError(error);
                return recovered;
            }
            /**
             * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-tryRecover} that receives the `v`,
             * `r` and `s` signature fields separately.
             *
             * _Available since v4.3._
             */
            function tryRecover(bytes32 hash, uint8 v, bytes32 r, bytes32 s) internal pure returns (address, RecoverError) {
                // EIP-2 still allows signature malleability for ecrecover(). Remove this possibility and make the signature
                // unique. Appendix F in the Ethereum Yellow paper (https://ethereum.github.io/yellowpaper/paper.pdf), defines
                // the valid range for s in (301): 0 < s < secp256k1n ÷ 2 + 1, and for v in (302): v ∈ {27, 28}. Most
                // signatures from current libraries generate a unique signature with an s-value in the lower half order.
                //
                // If your library generates malleable signatures, such as s-values in the upper range, calculate a new s-value
                // with 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFEBAAEDCE6AF48A03BBFD25E8CD0364141 - s1 and flip v from 27 to 28 or
                // vice versa. If your library also generates signatures with 0/1 for v instead 27/28, add 27 to v to accept
                // these malleable signatures as well.
                if (uint256(s) > 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF5D576E7357A4501DDFE92F46681B20A0) {
                    return (address(0), RecoverError.InvalidSignatureS);
                }
                // If the signature is valid (and not malleable), return the signer address
                address signer = ecrecover(hash, v, r, s);
                if (signer == address(0)) {
                    return (address(0), RecoverError.InvalidSignature);
                }
                return (signer, RecoverError.NoError);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-recover} that receives the `v`,
             * `r` and `s` signature fields separately.
             */
            function recover(bytes32 hash, uint8 v, bytes32 r, bytes32 s) internal pure returns (address) {
                (address recovered, RecoverError error) = tryRecover(hash, v, r, s);
                _throwError(error);
                return recovered;
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns an Ethereum Signed Message, created from a `hash`. This
             * produces hash corresponding to the one signed with the
             * https://eth.wiki/json-rpc/API#eth_sign[`eth_sign`]
             * JSON-RPC method as part of EIP-191.
             *
             * See {recover}.
             */
            function toEthSignedMessageHash(bytes32 hash) internal pure returns (bytes32 message) {
                // 32 is the length in bytes of hash,
                // enforced by the type signature above
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    mstore(0x00, "\\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\
        32")
                    mstore(0x1c, hash)
                    message := keccak256(0x00, 0x3c)
                }
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns an Ethereum Signed Message, created from `s`. This
             * produces hash corresponding to the one signed with the
             * https://eth.wiki/json-rpc/API#eth_sign[`eth_sign`]
             * JSON-RPC method as part of EIP-191.
             *
             * See {recover}.
             */
            function toEthSignedMessageHash(bytes memory s) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
                return keccak256(abi.encodePacked("\\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\
        ", StringsUpgradeable.toString(s.length), s));
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns an Ethereum Signed Typed Data, created from a
             * `domainSeparator` and a `structHash`. This produces hash corresponding
             * to the one signed with the
             * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712[`eth_signTypedData`]
             * JSON-RPC method as part of EIP-712.
             *
             * See {recover}.
             */
            function toTypedDataHash(bytes32 domainSeparator, bytes32 structHash) internal pure returns (bytes32 data) {
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    let ptr := mload(0x40)
                    mstore(ptr, "\\x19\\x01")
                    mstore(add(ptr, 0x02), domainSeparator)
                    mstore(add(ptr, 0x22), structHash)
                    data := keccak256(ptr, 0x42)
                }
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns an Ethereum Signed Data with intended validator, created from a
             * `validator` and `data` according to the version 0 of EIP-191.
             *
             * See {recover}.
             */
            function toDataWithIntendedValidatorHash(address validator, bytes memory data) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
                return keccak256(abi.encodePacked("\\x19\\x00", validator, data));
            }
        }
        // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
        // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (proxy/utils/Initializable.sol)
        pragma solidity ^0.8.2;
        import "../../utils/AddressUpgradeable.sol";
        /**
         * @dev This is a base contract to aid in writing upgradeable contracts, or any kind of contract that will be deployed
         * behind a proxy. Since proxied contracts do not make use of a constructor, it's common to move constructor logic to an
         * external initializer function, usually called `initialize`. It then becomes necessary to protect this initializer
         * function so it can only be called once. The {initializer} modifier provided by this contract will have this effect.
         *
         * The initialization functions use a version number. Once a version number is used, it is consumed and cannot be
         * reused. This mechanism prevents re-execution of each "step" but allows the creation of new initialization steps in
         * case an upgrade adds a module that needs to be initialized.
         *
         * For example:
         *
         * [.hljs-theme-light.nopadding]
         * ```solidity
         * contract MyToken is ERC20Upgradeable {
         *     function initialize() initializer public {
         *         __ERC20_init("MyToken", "MTK");
         *     }
         * }
         *
         * contract MyTokenV2 is MyToken, ERC20PermitUpgradeable {
         *     function initializeV2() reinitializer(2) public {
         *         __ERC20Permit_init("MyToken");
         *     }
         * }
         * ```
         *
         * TIP: To avoid leaving the proxy in an uninitialized state, the initializer function should be called as early as
         * possible by providing the encoded function call as the `_data` argument to {ERC1967Proxy-constructor}.
         *
         * CAUTION: When used with inheritance, manual care must be taken to not invoke a parent initializer twice, or to ensure
         * that all initializers are idempotent. This is not verified automatically as constructors are by Solidity.
         *
         * [CAUTION]
         * ====
         * Avoid leaving a contract uninitialized.
         *
         * An uninitialized contract can be taken over by an attacker. This applies to both a proxy and its implementation
         * contract, which may impact the proxy. To prevent the implementation contract from being used, you should invoke
         * the {_disableInitializers} function in the constructor to automatically lock it when it is deployed:
         *
         * [.hljs-theme-light.nopadding]
         * ```
         * /// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow constructor
         * constructor() {
         *     _disableInitializers();
         * }
         * ```
         * ====
         */
        abstract contract Initializable {
            /**
             * @dev Indicates that the contract has been initialized.
             * @custom:oz-retyped-from bool
             */
            uint8 private _initialized;
            /**
             * @dev Indicates that the contract is in the process of being initialized.
             */
            bool private _initializing;
            /**
             * @dev Triggered when the contract has been initialized or reinitialized.
             */
            event Initialized(uint8 version);
            /**
             * @dev A modifier that defines a protected initializer function that can be invoked at most once. In its scope,
             * `onlyInitializing` functions can be used to initialize parent contracts.
             *
             * Similar to `reinitializer(1)`, except that functions marked with `initializer` can be nested in the context of a
             * constructor.
             *
             * Emits an {Initialized} event.
             */
            modifier initializer() {
                bool isTopLevelCall = !_initializing;
                require(
                    (isTopLevelCall && _initialized < 1) || (!AddressUpgradeable.isContract(address(this)) && _initialized == 1),
                    "Initializable: contract is already initialized"
                );
                _initialized = 1;
                if (isTopLevelCall) {
                    _initializing = true;
                }
                _;
                if (isTopLevelCall) {
                    _initializing = false;
                    emit Initialized(1);
                }
            }
            /**
             * @dev A modifier that defines a protected reinitializer function that can be invoked at most once, and only if the
             * contract hasn't been initialized to a greater version before. In its scope, `onlyInitializing` functions can be
             * used to initialize parent contracts.
             *
             * A reinitializer may be used after the original initialization step. This is essential to configure modules that
             * are added through upgrades and that require initialization.
             *
             * When `version` is 1, this modifier is similar to `initializer`, except that functions marked with `reinitializer`
             * cannot be nested. If one is invoked in the context of another, execution will revert.
             *
             * Note that versions can jump in increments greater than 1; this implies that if multiple reinitializers coexist in
             * a contract, executing them in the right order is up to the developer or operator.
             *
             * WARNING: setting the version to 255 will prevent any future reinitialization.
             *
             * Emits an {Initialized} event.
             */
            modifier reinitializer(uint8 version) {
                require(!_initializing && _initialized < version, "Initializable: contract is already initialized");
                _initialized = version;
                _initializing = true;
                _;
                _initializing = false;
                emit Initialized(version);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Modifier to protect an initialization function so that it can only be invoked by functions with the
             * {initializer} and {reinitializer} modifiers, directly or indirectly.
             */
            modifier onlyInitializing() {
                require(_initializing, "Initializable: contract is not initializing");
                _;
            }
            /**
             * @dev Locks the contract, preventing any future reinitialization. This cannot be part of an initializer call.
             * Calling this in the constructor of a contract will prevent that contract from being initialized or reinitialized
             * to any version. It is recommended to use this to lock implementation contracts that are designed to be called
             * through proxies.
             *
             * Emits an {Initialized} event the first time it is successfully executed.
             */
            function _disableInitializers() internal virtual {
                require(!_initializing, "Initializable: contract is initializing");
                if (_initialized != type(uint8).max) {
                    _initialized = type(uint8).max;
                    emit Initialized(type(uint8).max);
                }
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the highest version that has been initialized. See {reinitializer}.
             */
            function _getInitializedVersion() internal view returns (uint8) {
                return _initialized;
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns `true` if the contract is currently initializing. See {onlyInitializing}.
             */
            function _isInitializing() internal view returns (bool) {
                return _initializing;
            }
        }
        // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
        // OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/Context.sol)
        pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
        import "../proxy/utils/Initializable.sol";
        /**
         * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
         * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
         * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
         * manner, since when dealing with meta-transactions the account sending and
         * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
         * is concerned).
         *
         * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
         */
        abstract contract ContextUpgradeable is Initializable {
            function __Context_init() internal onlyInitializing {
            }
            function __Context_init_unchained() internal onlyInitializing {
            }
            function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address) {
                return msg.sender;
            }
            function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes calldata) {
                return msg.data;
            }
            /**
             * @dev This empty reserved space is put in place to allow future versions to add new
             * variables without shifting down storage in the inheritance chain.
             * See https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/upgradeable#storage_gaps
             */
            uint256[50] private __gap;
        }
        // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
        // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Permit.sol)
        pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
        /**
         * @dev Interface of the ERC20 Permit extension allowing approvals to be made via signatures, as defined in
         * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612[EIP-2612].
         *
         * Adds the {permit} method, which can be used to change an account's ERC20 allowance (see {IERC20-allowance}) by
         * presenting a message signed by the account. By not relying on {IERC20-approve}, the token holder account doesn't
         * need to send a transaction, and thus is not required to hold Ether at all.
         */
        interface IERC20PermitUpgradeable {
            /**
             * @dev Sets `value` as the allowance of `spender` over ``owner``'s tokens,
             * given ``owner``'s signed approval.
             *
             * IMPORTANT: The same issues {IERC20-approve} has related to transaction
             * ordering also apply here.
             *
             * Emits an {Approval} event.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
             * - `deadline` must be a timestamp in the future.
             * - `v`, `r` and `s` must be a valid `secp256k1` signature from `owner`
             * over the EIP712-formatted function arguments.
             * - the signature must use ``owner``'s current nonce (see {nonces}).
             *
             * For more information on the signature format, see the
             * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612#specification[relevant EIP
             * section].
             */
            function permit(
                address owner,
                address spender,
                uint256 value,
                uint256 deadline,
                uint8 v,
                bytes32 r,
                bytes32 s
            ) external;
            /**
             * @dev Returns the current nonce for `owner`. This value must be
             * included whenever a signature is generated for {permit}.
             *
             * Every successful call to {permit} increases ``owner``'s nonce by one. This
             * prevents a signature from being used multiple times.
             */
            function nonces(address owner) external view returns (uint256);
            /**
             * @dev Returns the domain separator used in the encoding of the signature for {permit}, as defined by {EIP712}.
             */
            // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
            function DOMAIN_SEPARATOR() external view returns (bytes32);
        }
        // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
        // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (token/ERC20/ERC20.sol)
        pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
        import "./IERC20Upgradeable.sol";
        import "./extensions/IERC20MetadataUpgradeable.sol";
        import "../../utils/ContextUpgradeable.sol";
        import "../../proxy/utils/Initializable.sol";
        /**
         * @dev Implementation of the {IERC20} interface.
         *
         * This implementation is agnostic to the way tokens are created. This means
         * that a supply mechanism has to be added in a derived contract using {_mint}.
         * For a generic mechanism see {ERC20PresetMinterPauser}.
         *
         * TIP: For a detailed writeup see our guide
         * https://forum.openzeppelin.com/t/how-to-implement-erc20-supply-mechanisms/226[How
         * to implement supply mechanisms].
         *
         * The default value of {decimals} is 18. To change this, you should override
         * this function so it returns a different value.
         *
         * We have followed general OpenZeppelin Contracts guidelines: functions revert
         * instead returning `false` on failure. This behavior is nonetheless
         * conventional and does not conflict with the expectations of ERC20
         * applications.
         *
         * Additionally, an {Approval} event is emitted on calls to {transferFrom}.
         * This allows applications to reconstruct the allowance for all accounts just
         * by listening to said events. Other implementations of the EIP may not emit
         * these events, as it isn't required by the specification.
         *
         * Finally, the non-standard {decreaseAllowance} and {increaseAllowance}
         * functions have been added to mitigate the well-known issues around setting
         * allowances. See {IERC20-approve}.
         */
        contract ERC20Upgradeable is Initializable, ContextUpgradeable, IERC20Upgradeable, IERC20MetadataUpgradeable {
            mapping(address => uint256) private _balances;
            mapping(address => mapping(address => uint256)) private _allowances;
            uint256 private _totalSupply;
            string private _name;
            string private _symbol;
            /**
             * @dev Sets the values for {name} and {symbol}.
             *
             * All two of these values are immutable: they can only be set once during
             * construction.
             */
            function __ERC20_init(string memory name_, string memory symbol_) internal onlyInitializing {
                __ERC20_init_unchained(name_, symbol_);
            }
            function __ERC20_init_unchained(string memory name_, string memory symbol_) internal onlyInitializing {
                _name = name_;
                _symbol = symbol_;
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the name of the token.
             */
            function name() public view virtual override returns (string memory) {
                return _name;
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the symbol of the token, usually a shorter version of the
             * name.
             */
            function symbol() public view virtual override returns (string memory) {
                return _symbol;
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the number of decimals used to get its user representation.
             * For example, if `decimals` equals `2`, a balance of `505` tokens should
             * be displayed to a user as `5.05` (`505 / 10 ** 2`).
             *
             * Tokens usually opt for a value of 18, imitating the relationship between
             * Ether and Wei. This is the default value returned by this function, unless
             * it's overridden.
             *
             * NOTE: This information is only used for _display_ purposes: it in
             * no way affects any of the arithmetic of the contract, including
             * {IERC20-balanceOf} and {IERC20-transfer}.
             */
            function decimals() public view virtual override returns (uint8) {
                return 18;
            }
            /**
             * @dev See {IERC20-totalSupply}.
             */
            function totalSupply() public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
                return _totalSupply;
            }
            /**
             * @dev See {IERC20-balanceOf}.
             */
            function balanceOf(address account) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
                return _balances[account];
            }
            /**
             * @dev See {IERC20-transfer}.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
             * - the caller must have a balance of at least `amount`.
             */
            function transfer(address to, uint256 amount) public virtual override returns (bool) {
                address owner = _msgSender();
                _transfer(owner, to, amount);
                return true;
            }
            /**
             * @dev See {IERC20-allowance}.
             */
            function allowance(address owner, address spender) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
                return _allowances[owner][spender];
            }
            /**
             * @dev See {IERC20-approve}.
             *
             * NOTE: If `amount` is the maximum `uint256`, the allowance is not updated on
             * `transferFrom`. This is semantically equivalent to an infinite approval.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
             */
            function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) public virtual override returns (bool) {
                address owner = _msgSender();
                _approve(owner, spender, amount);
                return true;
            }
            /**
             * @dev See {IERC20-transferFrom}.
             *
             * Emits an {Approval} event indicating the updated allowance. This is not
             * required by the EIP. See the note at the beginning of {ERC20}.
             *
             * NOTE: Does not update the allowance if the current allowance
             * is the maximum `uint256`.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - `from` and `to` cannot be the zero address.
             * - `from` must have a balance of at least `amount`.
             * - the caller must have allowance for ``from``'s tokens of at least
             * `amount`.
             */
            function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 amount) public virtual override returns (bool) {
                address spender = _msgSender();
                _spendAllowance(from, spender, amount);
                _transfer(from, to, amount);
                return true;
            }
            /**
             * @dev Atomically increases the allowance granted to `spender` by the caller.
             *
             * This is an alternative to {approve} that can be used as a mitigation for
             * problems described in {IERC20-approve}.
             *
             * Emits an {Approval} event indicating the updated allowance.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
             */
            function increaseAllowance(address spender, uint256 addedValue) public virtual returns (bool) {
                address owner = _msgSender();
                _approve(owner, spender, allowance(owner, spender) + addedValue);
                return true;
            }
            /**
             * @dev Atomically decreases the allowance granted to `spender` by the caller.
             *
             * This is an alternative to {approve} that can be used as a mitigation for
             * problems described in {IERC20-approve}.
             *
             * Emits an {Approval} event indicating the updated allowance.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
             * - `spender` must have allowance for the caller of at least
             * `subtractedValue`.
             */
            function decreaseAllowance(address spender, uint256 subtractedValue) public virtual returns (bool) {
                address owner = _msgSender();
                uint256 currentAllowance = allowance(owner, spender);
                require(currentAllowance >= subtractedValue, "ERC20: decreased allowance below zero");
                unchecked {
                    _approve(owner, spender, currentAllowance - subtractedValue);
                }
                return true;
            }
            /**
             * @dev Moves `amount` of tokens from `from` to `to`.
             *
             * This internal function is equivalent to {transfer}, and can be used to
             * e.g. implement automatic token fees, slashing mechanisms, etc.
             *
             * Emits a {Transfer} event.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
             * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
             * - `from` must have a balance of at least `amount`.
             */
            function _transfer(address from, address to, uint256 amount) internal virtual {
                require(from != address(0), "ERC20: transfer from the zero address");
                require(to != address(0), "ERC20: transfer to the zero address");
                _beforeTokenTransfer(from, to, amount);
                uint256 fromBalance = _balances[from];
                require(fromBalance >= amount, "ERC20: transfer amount exceeds balance");
                unchecked {
                    _balances[from] = fromBalance - amount;
                    // Overflow not possible: the sum of all balances is capped by totalSupply, and the sum is preserved by
                    // decrementing then incrementing.
                    _balances[to] += amount;
                }
                emit Transfer(from, to, amount);
                _afterTokenTransfer(from, to, amount);
            }
            /** @dev Creates `amount` tokens and assigns them to `account`, increasing
             * the total supply.
             *
             * Emits a {Transfer} event with `from` set to the zero address.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - `account` cannot be the zero address.
             */
            function _mint(address account, uint256 amount) internal virtual {
                require(account != address(0), "ERC20: mint to the zero address");
                _beforeTokenTransfer(address(0), account, amount);
                _totalSupply += amount;
                unchecked {
                    // Overflow not possible: balance + amount is at most totalSupply + amount, which is checked above.
                    _balances[account] += amount;
                }
                emit Transfer(address(0), account, amount);
                _afterTokenTransfer(address(0), account, amount);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Destroys `amount` tokens from `account`, reducing the
             * total supply.
             *
             * Emits a {Transfer} event with `to` set to the zero address.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - `account` cannot be the zero address.
             * - `account` must have at least `amount` tokens.
             */
            function _burn(address account, uint256 amount) internal virtual {
                require(account != address(0), "ERC20: burn from the zero address");
                _beforeTokenTransfer(account, address(0), amount);
                uint256 accountBalance = _balances[account];
                require(accountBalance >= amount, "ERC20: burn amount exceeds balance");
                unchecked {
                    _balances[account] = accountBalance - amount;
                    // Overflow not possible: amount <= accountBalance <= totalSupply.
                    _totalSupply -= amount;
                }
                emit Transfer(account, address(0), amount);
                _afterTokenTransfer(account, address(0), amount);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the `owner` s tokens.
             *
             * This internal function is equivalent to `approve`, and can be used to
             * e.g. set automatic allowances for certain subsystems, etc.
             *
             * Emits an {Approval} event.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - `owner` cannot be the zero address.
             * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
             */
            function _approve(address owner, address spender, uint256 amount) internal virtual {
                require(owner != address(0), "ERC20: approve from the zero address");
                require(spender != address(0), "ERC20: approve to the zero address");
                _allowances[owner][spender] = amount;
                emit Approval(owner, spender, amount);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Updates `owner` s allowance for `spender` based on spent `amount`.
             *
             * Does not update the allowance amount in case of infinite allowance.
             * Revert if not enough allowance is available.
             *
             * Might emit an {Approval} event.
             */
            function _spendAllowance(address owner, address spender, uint256 amount) internal virtual {
                uint256 currentAllowance = allowance(owner, spender);
                if (currentAllowance != type(uint256).max) {
                    require(currentAllowance >= amount, "ERC20: insufficient allowance");
                    unchecked {
                        _approve(owner, spender, currentAllowance - amount);
                    }
                }
            }
            /**
             * @dev Hook that is called before any transfer of tokens. This includes
             * minting and burning.
             *
             * Calling conditions:
             *
             * - when `from` and `to` are both non-zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens
             * will be transferred to `to`.
             * - when `from` is zero, `amount` tokens will be minted for `to`.
             * - when `to` is zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens will be burned.
             * - `from` and `to` are never both zero.
             *
             * To learn more about hooks, head to xref:ROOT:extending-contracts.adoc#using-hooks[Using Hooks].
             */
            function _beforeTokenTransfer(address from, address to, uint256 amount) internal virtual {}
            /**
             * @dev Hook that is called after any transfer of tokens. This includes
             * minting and burning.
             *
             * Calling conditions:
             *
             * - when `from` and `to` are both non-zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens
             * has been transferred to `to`.
             * - when `from` is zero, `amount` tokens have been minted for `to`.
             * - when `to` is zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens have been burned.
             * - `from` and `to` are never both zero.
             *
             * To learn more about hooks, head to xref:ROOT:extending-contracts.adoc#using-hooks[Using Hooks].
             */
            function _afterTokenTransfer(address from, address to, uint256 amount) internal virtual {}
            /**
             * @dev This empty reserved space is put in place to allow future versions to add new
             * variables without shifting down storage in the inheritance chain.
             * See https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/upgradeable#storage_gaps
             */
            uint256[45] private __gap;
        }
        // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
        // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/cryptography/EIP712.sol)
        pragma solidity ^0.8.8;
        import "./ECDSAUpgradeable.sol";
        import "../../interfaces/IERC5267Upgradeable.sol";
        import "../../proxy/utils/Initializable.sol";
        /**
         * @dev https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712[EIP 712] is a standard for hashing and signing of typed structured data.
         *
         * The encoding specified in the EIP is very generic, and such a generic implementation in Solidity is not feasible,
         * thus this contract does not implement the encoding itself. Protocols need to implement the type-specific encoding
         * they need in their contracts using a combination of `abi.encode` and `keccak256`.
         *
         * This contract implements the EIP 712 domain separator ({_domainSeparatorV4}) that is used as part of the encoding
         * scheme, and the final step of the encoding to obtain the message digest that is then signed via ECDSA
         * ({_hashTypedDataV4}).
         *
         * The implementation of the domain separator was designed to be as efficient as possible while still properly updating
         * the chain id to protect against replay attacks on an eventual fork of the chain.
         *
         * NOTE: This contract implements the version of the encoding known as "v4", as implemented by the JSON RPC method
         * https://docs.metamask.io/guide/signing-data.html[`eth_signTypedDataV4` in MetaMask].
         *
         * NOTE: In the upgradeable version of this contract, the cached values will correspond to the address, and the domain
         * separator of the implementation contract. This will cause the `_domainSeparatorV4` function to always rebuild the
         * separator from the immutable values, which is cheaper than accessing a cached version in cold storage.
         *
         * _Available since v3.4._
         *
         * @custom:storage-size 52
         */
        abstract contract EIP712Upgradeable is Initializable, IERC5267Upgradeable {
            bytes32 private constant _TYPE_HASH =
                keccak256("EIP712Domain(string name,string version,uint256 chainId,address verifyingContract)");
            /// @custom:oz-renamed-from _HASHED_NAME
            bytes32 private _hashedName;
            /// @custom:oz-renamed-from _HASHED_VERSION
            bytes32 private _hashedVersion;
            string private _name;
            string private _version;
            /**
             * @dev Initializes the domain separator and parameter caches.
             *
             * The meaning of `name` and `version` is specified in
             * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712#definition-of-domainseparator[EIP 712]:
             *
             * - `name`: the user readable name of the signing domain, i.e. the name of the DApp or the protocol.
             * - `version`: the current major version of the signing domain.
             *
             * NOTE: These parameters cannot be changed except through a xref:learn::upgrading-smart-contracts.adoc[smart
             * contract upgrade].
             */
            function __EIP712_init(string memory name, string memory version) internal onlyInitializing {
                __EIP712_init_unchained(name, version);
            }
            function __EIP712_init_unchained(string memory name, string memory version) internal onlyInitializing {
                _name = name;
                _version = version;
                // Reset prior values in storage if upgrading
                _hashedName = 0;
                _hashedVersion = 0;
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the domain separator for the current chain.
             */
            function _domainSeparatorV4() internal view returns (bytes32) {
                return _buildDomainSeparator();
            }
            function _buildDomainSeparator() private view returns (bytes32) {
                return keccak256(abi.encode(_TYPE_HASH, _EIP712NameHash(), _EIP712VersionHash(), block.chainid, address(this)));
            }
            /**
             * @dev Given an already https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712#definition-of-hashstruct[hashed struct], this
             * function returns the hash of the fully encoded EIP712 message for this domain.
             *
             * This hash can be used together with {ECDSA-recover} to obtain the signer of a message. For example:
             *
             * ```solidity
             * bytes32 digest = _hashTypedDataV4(keccak256(abi.encode(
             *     keccak256("Mail(address to,string contents)"),
             *     mailTo,
             *     keccak256(bytes(mailContents))
             * )));
             * address signer = ECDSA.recover(digest, signature);
             * ```
             */
            function _hashTypedDataV4(bytes32 structHash) internal view virtual returns (bytes32) {
                return ECDSAUpgradeable.toTypedDataHash(_domainSeparatorV4(), structHash);
            }
            /**
             * @dev See {EIP-5267}.
             *
             * _Available since v4.9._
             */
            function eip712Domain()
                public
                view
                virtual
                override
                returns (
                    bytes1 fields,
                    string memory name,
                    string memory version,
                    uint256 chainId,
                    address verifyingContract,
                    bytes32 salt,
                    uint256[] memory extensions
                )
            {
                // If the hashed name and version in storage are non-zero, the contract hasn't been properly initialized
                // and the EIP712 domain is not reliable, as it will be missing name and version.
                require(_hashedName == 0 && _hashedVersion == 0, "EIP712: Uninitialized");
                return (
                    hex"0f", // 01111
                    _EIP712Name(),
                    _EIP712Version(),
                    block.chainid,
                    address(this),
                    bytes32(0),
                    new uint256[](0)
                );
            }
            /**
             * @dev The name parameter for the EIP712 domain.
             *
             * NOTE: This function reads from storage by default, but can be redefined to return a constant value if gas costs
             * are a concern.
             */
            function _EIP712Name() internal virtual view returns (string memory) {
                return _name;
            }
            /**
             * @dev The version parameter for the EIP712 domain.
             *
             * NOTE: This function reads from storage by default, but can be redefined to return a constant value if gas costs
             * are a concern.
             */
            function _EIP712Version() internal virtual view returns (string memory) {
                return _version;
            }
            /**
             * @dev The hash of the name parameter for the EIP712 domain.
             *
             * NOTE: In previous versions this function was virtual. In this version you should override `_EIP712Name` instead.
             */
            function _EIP712NameHash() internal view returns (bytes32) {
                string memory name = _EIP712Name();
                if (bytes(name).length > 0) {
                    return keccak256(bytes(name));
                } else {
                    // If the name is empty, the contract may have been upgraded without initializing the new storage.
                    // We return the name hash in storage if non-zero, otherwise we assume the name is empty by design.
                    bytes32 hashedName = _hashedName;
                    if (hashedName != 0) {
                        return hashedName;
                    } else {
                        return keccak256("");
                    }
                }
            }
            /**
             * @dev The hash of the version parameter for the EIP712 domain.
             *
             * NOTE: In previous versions this function was virtual. In this version you should override `_EIP712Version` instead.
             */
            function _EIP712VersionHash() internal view returns (bytes32) {
                string memory version = _EIP712Version();
                if (bytes(version).length > 0) {
                    return keccak256(bytes(version));
                } else {
                    // If the version is empty, the contract may have been upgraded without initializing the new storage.
                    // We return the version hash in storage if non-zero, otherwise we assume the version is empty by design.
                    bytes32 hashedVersion = _hashedVersion;
                    if (hashedVersion != 0) {
                        return hashedVersion;
                    } else {
                        return keccak256("");
                    }
                }
            }
            /**
             * @dev This empty reserved space is put in place to allow future versions to add new
             * variables without shifting down storage in the inheritance chain.
             * See https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/upgradeable#storage_gaps
             */
            uint256[48] private __gap;
        }
        // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
        // OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/Counters.sol)
        pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
        /**
         * @title Counters
         * @author Matt Condon (@shrugs)
         * @dev Provides counters that can only be incremented, decremented or reset. This can be used e.g. to track the number
         * of elements in a mapping, issuing ERC721 ids, or counting request ids.
         *
         * Include with `using Counters for Counters.Counter;`
         */
        library CountersUpgradeable {
            struct Counter {
                // This variable should never be directly accessed by users of the library: interactions must be restricted to
                // the library's function. As of Solidity v0.5.2, this cannot be enforced, though there is a proposal to add
                // this feature: see https://github.com/ethereum/solidity/issues/4637
                uint256 _value; // default: 0
            }
            function current(Counter storage counter) internal view returns (uint256) {
                return counter._value;
            }
            function increment(Counter storage counter) internal {
                unchecked {
                    counter._value += 1;
                }
            }
            function decrement(Counter storage counter) internal {
                uint256 value = counter._value;
                require(value > 0, "Counter: decrement overflow");
                unchecked {
                    counter._value = value - 1;
                }
            }
            function reset(Counter storage counter) internal {
                counter._value = 0;
            }
        }
        // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
        // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (governance/utils/IVotes.sol)
        pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
        /**
         * @dev Common interface for {ERC20Votes}, {ERC721Votes}, and other {Votes}-enabled contracts.
         *
         * _Available since v4.5._
         */
        interface IVotesUpgradeable {
            /**
             * @dev Emitted when an account changes their delegate.
             */
            event DelegateChanged(address indexed delegator, address indexed fromDelegate, address indexed toDelegate);
            /**
             * @dev Emitted when a token transfer or delegate change results in changes to a delegate's number of votes.
             */
            event DelegateVotesChanged(address indexed delegate, uint256 previousBalance, uint256 newBalance);
            /**
             * @dev Returns the current amount of votes that `account` has.
             */
            function getVotes(address account) external view returns (uint256);
            /**
             * @dev Returns the amount of votes that `account` had at a specific moment in the past. If the `clock()` is
             * configured to use block numbers, this will return the value at the end of the corresponding block.
             */
            function getPastVotes(address account, uint256 timepoint) external view returns (uint256);
            /**
             * @dev Returns the total supply of votes available at a specific moment in the past. If the `clock()` is
             * configured to use block numbers, this will return the value at the end of the corresponding block.
             *
             * NOTE: This value is the sum of all available votes, which is not necessarily the sum of all delegated votes.
             * Votes that have not been delegated are still part of total supply, even though they would not participate in a
             * vote.
             */
            function getPastTotalSupply(uint256 timepoint) external view returns (uint256);
            /**
             * @dev Returns the delegate that `account` has chosen.
             */
            function delegates(address account) external view returns (address);
            /**
             * @dev Delegates votes from the sender to `delegatee`.
             */
            function delegate(address delegatee) external;
            /**
             * @dev Delegates votes from signer to `delegatee`.
             */
            function delegateBySig(address delegatee, uint256 nonce, uint256 expiry, uint8 v, bytes32 r, bytes32 s) external;
        }
        // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
        // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (interfaces/IERC6372.sol)
        pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
        interface IERC6372Upgradeable {
            /**
             * @dev Clock used for flagging checkpoints. Can be overridden to implement timestamp based checkpoints (and voting).
             */
            function clock() external view returns (uint48);
            /**
             * @dev Description of the clock
             */
            // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
            function CLOCK_MODE() external view returns (string memory);
        }
        // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
        // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/Strings.sol)
        pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
        import "./math/MathUpgradeable.sol";
        import "./math/SignedMathUpgradeable.sol";
        /**
         * @dev String operations.
         */
        library StringsUpgradeable {
            bytes16 private constant _SYMBOLS = "0123456789abcdef";
            uint8 private constant _ADDRESS_LENGTH = 20;
            /**
             * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.
             */
            function toString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
                unchecked {
                    uint256 length = MathUpgradeable.log10(value) + 1;
                    string memory buffer = new string(length);
                    uint256 ptr;
                    /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                    assembly {
                        ptr := add(buffer, add(32, length))
                    }
                    while (true) {
                        ptr--;
                        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                        assembly {
                            mstore8(ptr, byte(mod(value, 10), _SYMBOLS))
                        }
                        value /= 10;
                        if (value == 0) break;
                    }
                    return buffer;
                }
            }
            /**
             * @dev Converts a `int256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.
             */
            function toString(int256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
                return string(abi.encodePacked(value < 0 ? "-" : "", toString(SignedMathUpgradeable.abs(value))));
            }
            /**
             * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.
             */
            function toHexString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
                unchecked {
                    return toHexString(value, MathUpgradeable.log256(value) + 1);
                }
            }
            /**
             * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation with fixed length.
             */
            function toHexString(uint256 value, uint256 length) internal pure returns (string memory) {
                bytes memory buffer = new bytes(2 * length + 2);
                buffer[0] = "0";
                buffer[1] = "x";
                for (uint256 i = 2 * length + 1; i > 1; --i) {
                    buffer[i] = _SYMBOLS[value & 0xf];
                    value >>= 4;
                }
                require(value == 0, "Strings: hex length insufficient");
                return string(buffer);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Converts an `address` with fixed length of 20 bytes to its not checksummed ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.
             */
            function toHexString(address addr) internal pure returns (string memory) {
                return toHexString(uint256(uint160(addr)), _ADDRESS_LENGTH);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns true if the two strings are equal.
             */
            function equal(string memory a, string memory b) internal pure returns (bool) {
                return keccak256(bytes(a)) == keccak256(bytes(b));
            }
        }
        // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
        // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/Address.sol)
        pragma solidity ^0.8.1;
        /**
         * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
         */
        library AddressUpgradeable {
            /**
             * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract.
             *
             * [IMPORTANT]
             * ====
             * It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this function returns
             * false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a contract.
             *
             * Among others, `isContract` will return false for the following
             * types of addresses:
             *
             *  - an externally-owned account
             *  - a contract in construction
             *  - an address where a contract will be created
             *  - an address where a contract lived, but was destroyed
             *
             * Furthermore, `isContract` will also return true if the target contract within
             * the same transaction is already scheduled for destruction by `SELFDESTRUCT`,
             * which only has an effect at the end of a transaction.
             * ====
             *
             * [IMPORTANT]
             * ====
             * You shouldn't rely on `isContract` to protect against flash loan attacks!
             *
             * Preventing calls from contracts is highly discouraged. It breaks composability, breaks support for smart wallets
             * like Gnosis Safe, and does not provide security since it can be circumvented by calling from a contract
             * constructor.
             * ====
             */
            function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) {
                // This method relies on extcodesize/address.code.length, which returns 0
                // for contracts in construction, since the code is only stored at the end
                // of the constructor execution.
                return account.code.length > 0;
            }
            /**
             * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
             * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
             *
             * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
             * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
             * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
             * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
             *
             * https://consensys.net/diligence/blog/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
             *
             * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
             * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
             * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
             * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.8.0/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
             */
            function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
                require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Address: insufficient balance");
                (bool success, ) = recipient.call{value: amount}("");
                require(success, "Address: unable to send value, recipient may have reverted");
            }
            /**
             * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A
             * plain `call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this
             * function instead.
             *
             * If `target` reverts with a revert reason, it is bubbled up by this
             * function (like regular Solidity function calls).
             *
             * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value,
             * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`].
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - `target` must be a contract.
             * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert.
             *
             * _Available since v3.1._
             */
            function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
                return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, "Address: low-level call failed");
            }
            /**
             * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], but with
             * `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
             *
             * _Available since v3.1._
             */
            function functionCall(
                address target,
                bytes memory data,
                string memory errorMessage
            ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
                return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, errorMessage);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
             * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`.
             *
             * Requirements:
             *
             * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`.
             * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`.
             *
             * _Available since v3.1._
             */
            function functionCallWithValue(address target, bytes memory data, uint256 value) internal returns (bytes memory) {
                return functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, "Address: low-level call with value failed");
            }
            /**
             * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCallWithValue-address-bytes-uint256-}[`functionCallWithValue`], but
             * with `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
             *
             * _Available since v3.1._
             */
            function functionCallWithValue(
                address target,
                bytes memory data,
                uint256 value,
                string memory errorMessage
            ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
                require(address(this).balance >= value, "Address: insufficient balance for call");
                (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{value: value}(data);
                return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
             * but performing a static call.
             *
             * _Available since v3.3._
             */
            function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
                return functionStaticCall(target, data, "Address: low-level static call failed");
            }
            /**
             * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
             * but performing a static call.
             *
             * _Available since v3.3._
             */
            function functionStaticCall(
                address target,
                bytes memory data,
                string memory errorMessage
            ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
                (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data);
                return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
             * but performing a delegate call.
             *
             * _Available since v3.4._
             */
            function functionDelegateCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
                return functionDelegateCall(target, data, "Address: low-level delegate call failed");
            }
            /**
             * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
             * but performing a delegate call.
             *
             * _Available since v3.4._
             */
            function functionDelegateCall(
                address target,
                bytes memory data,
                string memory errorMessage
            ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
                (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.delegatecall(data);
                return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
            }
            /**
             * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call to smart-contract was successful, and revert (either by bubbling
             * the revert reason or using the provided one) in case of unsuccessful call or if target was not a contract.
             *
             * _Available since v4.8._
             */
            function verifyCallResultFromTarget(
                address target,
                bool success,
                bytes memory returndata,
                string memory errorMessage
            ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
                if (success) {
                    if (returndata.length == 0) {
                        // only check isContract if the call was successful and the return data is empty
                        // otherwise we already know that it was a contract
                        require(isContract(target), "Address: call to non-contract");
                    }
                    return returndata;
                } else {
                    _revert(returndata, errorMessage);
                }
            }
            /**
             * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call was successful, and revert if it wasn't, either by bubbling the
             * revert reason or using the provided one.
             *
             * _Available since v4.3._
             */
            function verifyCallResult(
                bool success,
                bytes memory returndata,
                string memory errorMessage
            ) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
                if (success) {
                    return returndata;
                } else {
                    _revert(returndata, errorMessage);
                }
            }
            function _revert(bytes memory returndata, string memory errorMessage) private pure {
                // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present
                if (returndata.length > 0) {
                    // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly
                    /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                    assembly {
                        let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
                        revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
                    }
                } else {
                    revert(errorMessage);
                }
            }
        }
        // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
        // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (token/ERC20/IERC20.sol)
        pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
        /**
         * @dev Interface of the ERC20 standard as defined in the EIP.
         */
        interface IERC20Upgradeable {
            /**
             * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens are moved from one account (`from`) to
             * another (`to`).
             *
             * Note that `value` may be zero.
             */
            event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);
            /**
             * @dev Emitted when the allowance of a `spender` for an `owner` is set by
             * a call to {approve}. `value` is the new allowance.
             */
            event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);
            /**
             * @dev Returns the amount of tokens in existence.
             */
            function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);
            /**
             * @dev Returns the amount of tokens owned by `account`.
             */
            function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);
            /**
             * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from the caller's account to `to`.
             *
             * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
             *
             * Emits a {Transfer} event.
             */
            function transfer(address to, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);
            /**
             * @dev Returns the remaining number of tokens that `spender` will be
             * allowed to spend on behalf of `owner` through {transferFrom}. This is
             * zero by default.
             *
             * This value changes when {approve} or {transferFrom} are called.
             */
            function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);
            /**
             * @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the caller's tokens.
             *
             * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
             *
             * IMPORTANT: Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk
             * that someone may use both the old and the new allowance by unfortunate
             * transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this race
             * condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the
             * desired value afterwards:
             * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729
             *
             * Emits an {Approval} event.
             */
            function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);
            /**
             * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from `from` to `to` using the
             * allowance mechanism. `amount` is then deducted from the caller's
             * allowance.
             *
             * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
             *
             * Emits a {Transfer} event.
             */
            function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);
        }
        // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
        // OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol)
        pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
        import "../IERC20Upgradeable.sol";
        /**
         * @dev Interface for the optional metadata functions from the ERC20 standard.
         *
         * _Available since v4.1._
         */
        interface IERC20MetadataUpgradeable is IERC20Upgradeable {
            /**
             * @dev Returns the name of the token.
             */
            function name() external view returns (string memory);
            /**
             * @dev Returns the symbol of the token.
             */
            function symbol() external view returns (string memory);
            /**
             * @dev Returns the decimals places of the token.
             */
            function decimals() external view returns (uint8);
        }
        // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
        // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (interfaces/IERC5267.sol)
        pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
        interface IERC5267Upgradeable {
            /**
             * @dev MAY be emitted to signal that the domain could have changed.
             */
            event EIP712DomainChanged();
            /**
             * @dev returns the fields and values that describe the domain separator used by this contract for EIP-712
             * signature.
             */
            function eip712Domain()
                external
                view
                returns (
                    bytes1 fields,
                    string memory name,
                    string memory version,
                    uint256 chainId,
                    address verifyingContract,
                    bytes32 salt,
                    uint256[] memory extensions
                );
        }
        // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
        // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.8.0) (utils/math/SignedMath.sol)
        pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
        /**
         * @dev Standard signed math utilities missing in the Solidity language.
         */
        library SignedMathUpgradeable {
            /**
             * @dev Returns the largest of two signed numbers.
             */
            function max(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {
                return a > b ? a : b;
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the smallest of two signed numbers.
             */
            function min(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {
                return a < b ? a : b;
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the average of two signed numbers without overflow.
             * The result is rounded towards zero.
             */
            function average(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {
                // Formula from the book "Hacker's Delight"
                int256 x = (a & b) + ((a ^ b) >> 1);
                return x + (int256(uint256(x) >> 255) & (a ^ b));
            }
            /**
             * @dev Returns the absolute unsigned value of a signed value.
             */
            function abs(int256 n) internal pure returns (uint256) {
                unchecked {
                    // must be unchecked in order to support `n = type(int256).min`
                    return uint256(n >= 0 ? n : -n);
                }
            }
        }